"Balapandy sanaytyn" kýz mezgili jetse, qarbalastyng da bastalary belgili. Sharua malyn jayghap, diqan bidayyn jinap, júmysshy sharuasyn rettep, qystyng qamyn oilaytyn shaqta, mektep oshaqtary men joghary oqu oryndarynda da qym-quyt tirshilik bastalady. Mektep jasyndaghy balalar sómkesin arqasyna asyp, oqulyghyn qoltyghyna qysyp, synybyna asyqsa, student atauly jighan-tergenin buyp-týiip, shalghaydaghy auyldardan iri-iri qalalargha qaray sapar shegedi. Bir jyldyq nesibesin Almatydan, Astanadan nemese ózge de iri qalalardan aiyratyn studentting aldyna qoyghan bir ghana maqsaty bar.
Ol - bilim alu.

"Balapandy sanaytyn" kýz mezgili jetse, qarbalastyng da bastalary belgili. Sharua malyn jayghap, diqan bidayyn jinap, júmysshy sharuasyn rettep, qystyng qamyn oilaytyn shaqta, mektep oshaqtary men joghary oqu oryndarynda da qym-quyt tirshilik bastalady. Mektep jasyndaghy balalar sómkesin arqasyna asyp, oqulyghyn qoltyghyna qysyp, synybyna asyqsa, student atauly jighan-tergenin buyp-týiip, shalghaydaghy auyldardan iri-iri qalalargha qaray sapar shegedi. Bir jyldyq nesibesin Almatydan, Astanadan nemese ózge de iri qalalardan aiyratyn studentting aldyna qoyghan bir ghana maqsaty bar.
Ol - bilim alu.

Bilim quyp, arman arqalap, Almatygha jetken býgingi jastardyng kóbining janyna batatyn jalghyz mәsele bar. Ol - jataqhana. Jyl sayyn kýzde bastalatyn jataqhananyng jyry studentter ýshin qalypty ýrdiske ainalyp barady. Jastar ýshin jauyr bolghan jataqhana mәselesi biyl da jangha batyp túr. Elimizdegi joghary jәne orta kәsiptik oqu oryndarynda jataqhana tapshy. Bilim jәne ghylym ministrligi de, sol oqu ordalarynyng basshylary da búl mәselege kelgende, dәrmensiz. Al oqudy ghana oilauy tiyis student jatatyn orny joq, túratyn baspanasy joq, sandalyp jýr.
Kýz bastalsa qazaq studentteri kóztanystaryna "jataqhana alyp berinizshi" dep qiylyp ótinish aitady. "Jataqhana alyp bershi" dep ótinish jasaghanymen, jataqhana alyp beru - onay sharua da emes. Óitkeni jatyn oryn tapshy. Ári keybir joghary oqu oryndarynda jataqhanalar sany mýldem jetkiliksiz. Keybir joghary oqu oryndarynyng jataqhanalarynyng birli-ekisi jekemenshikke ótip, jekeshelendiruge úshyrap ketken. Naryqtyq ekonomikagha alghash kóshken jyldary "balapan basymen, túrymtay túsymen" ketken uaqytta, jataqhanalardyng da saudasy qyzu jýrgen eken. Keybir joghary oqu oryndary ózderine tiyesili jataqhanalardy jekeshelendirip jiberuge mәjbýr bolypty.
Jataqhana jyrynyng basylmaytyn sebebi de bar. Jyl sayyn joghary oqu ornyna myndaghan bala qújat tapsyryp, student atanyp jatady. Mәselen bir ghana Almatydaghy Qanysh Sәtpaev atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq tehnikalyq uniyversiytetinde 12 mynnan astam student bolsa, әl-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq últtyq uniyversiytetinde studentterding sany 20 myngha jetip jyghylady. Onyng arasynda grantpen oqityndary da, aqyly bólimde jýrgenderi de jeterlik.
Jataqhana alu ýshin student eng aldymen memlekettik grant iyesi bolu kerek. Memlekettik grant iyesi bolghannyng ózinde de olar birneshe kategoriya boyynsha ghana jataqhanagha túrugha qol jetkizedi. Sondyqtan songhy kurstarda oqityn studentterding birazy jataqhanadan qaghylyp qalady da, arzan pәter izdeuge tura keledi. Búl әsirese, Almatydaghy S.Asfendiyarov atyndaghy medisina akademiyasyna da qatysy bar. 5-6 kursqa kelgen studentterding kóbi jataqhanadan oryn jetpeytinin biletindikten, kýz bastalghannan-aq pәter izdey bastaydy. Jana oqu jylynyng alghashqy aptalary da ayaqtalyp qaldy. Al studentterding keybiri jataqhanasyz jýr. Pәter taba almaghandary da qanshama.
Ontýstik shahardyng shetki audandaryndaghy 1 bólmeli pәterding ailyq aqysy keminde 300 dollardan tómen emes. Al qarapayym studentterding bir ailyq shәkirt aqysynyng mólsheri nebәri 15 myng men 17 myng tengening aralyghynda. Búl qarjynyng pәter jaldaugha jetpeytini týsinikti. Sonday-aq kýndelikti jýris-túrysyna, ishetin tamaghy men kiyetin kiyimine ketetin shyghyny taghy bar.
Jogharyda aitqanymyzday, әl-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiytetinde 20 myngha juyq student oqityn bolsa, jataqhanadaghy tiyesili oryn 5 mynnan asady. Yaghny studentterding bәrine jataqhanadaghy oryn jetpeytini birden belgili. Búl mәseleden shyghudyng joly bar ma? Jatyn oryngha jarymaghan studentten erteng jóni týzu maman shygha ma? Bizdi tolghandyrghan mәsele kóp.
Jataqhana mәselesi tóniregindegi saualymyzdy Qanysh Sәtpaev atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq Tehnikalyq uniyversiytetining oqu - tәrbie isi jónindegi prorektory Úlyqpan Sydyqovqa qoyghan edik.
- Úlyqpan agha, qazir jataqhana student ýshin eng ýlken problemagha ainalghan. Órkeniyetti qoghamda jataqhananyng jetispeushiligi neden tuyndap otyr?
- 90-shy jyldardyng basyna deyin bizde uniyversiytette 10-11 jataqhana bolghan edi. Ol kezde bizding uniyversiytetting Poliytehnikalyq institut bolyp túrghan kezi. Jataqhanagha zәru balalar 100 payyz bolmasa da, qamtamasyz etiletin. 90-shy jyldardyng ortasyna qaray naryqtyq qatynasqa kóshtik. Kommersiya bastaldy. "Balapan basyna, túrymtay túsyna" degendey, qiyn prosester jýrip jatty. Alypsatarlyqpen ainalysyp jýrgenderding zamany tudy. Mysaly bizdegi Ayazbaev degen matematik múghalimning aitqany bar edi. Sol kisi bir kýni ortalyq stadionnyng aldyndaghy ayaldamada túrsa, shet eldik kólik kelip, janyna toqtapty. Álgi múghalimge kólikting shoferi "Otyrynyz" depti. Tanymaghan adamnyng kóligine otyra bermeysing ghoy. "Men sizding shәkirtinizbin. Otyrynyz" degen son, kólikke minedi. Sol jigit әlgi matematikke: "Aghay, men sizge óte rizamyn. Siz maghan eki qoyyp, instituttan shyghyp ketpegenimde, múnday dәrejege jetpes edim. Qanday kólik minip jýrgenimdi kórip túrghan shygharsyz" depti. Kórdiniz be, elde osynday psihologiya qalyptasqan kez edi. Sosyn óte talantty jas múghalimder, qabiletti jastar biznespen shúghyldanamyz, kommersiyamen ainalysamyz dep, múghalimdikten ketip jatty. Ári joghary oqu oryndaryna jataqhanalardy ústap túru da óte qiyn boldy. Sol kezderde jekeshelendiru (privatizasiya) degen nauqan bastaldy. Jataqhanalargha ie bolmaghannan keyin, joghary oqu oryndaryna olardy jekeshelendiruge beruge tura kelipti. 1993 jyldargha deyin institutta prorektor boldym da, keyin kafedranyng mengerushisi bolyp kettim. 2000 jyldyng basynda qayta kelsem, sol jataqhanalardyng kóbi jekeshelenuge berilip ketipti. "SMU-15" deytin jaqta №10, №11, №5 deytin jataqhanamyz bar edi. Sol №10 jataqhanany tehnologiya institutyna ministrlik berip jiberipti, qalghan ekeui jekeshelenuge ketken. Qúrmanghazy kóshesining boyynda ýlken jataqhanamyz bar edi, ol da satylyp ketipti. 2000 jyldardyng basynda prorektor bolyp kelsem, institutta tórt-aq jataqhana qalghan eken. Múratbaev pen Tóle by kóshesining boyynda bir jataqhanamyz bar edi. Búryn ol jataqhanagha sheteldik studentterdi túrghyzatynbyz. Jas múghalimderding kóbin sol jataqhanagha ornalastyratyn edik. №9-shy jataqhanagha da qyzmetkerlerimiz ornalasatyn. Búrynnan túryp jatqandarynyng kóbi basqa jaqqa ketti. Keybirin birden shygharugha taghy bolmaydy. Óte múqtaj mamandardy júmysqa shaqyrtyp, solardy sol jataqhanagha ornalastyryp jatyrmyz. Tóle biy-Múratbaevtyng boyyndaghy jataqhananyng 1-qabaty búrynnan basqa mekemege ótip ketken. Joghary jaghy ghana bizge qaraydy. Tómengi qabatta oiyn zaly, biliyard degender bar, olardy jabugha bizde mýmkindik joq. Ózimizge qaraytyn joghary qabattaryna jóndeu júmystaryn jýrgizip jatyrmyz. Qyzmetkerlerge búryn jataqhana beretin edik, qazir asa múqtajdaryna bolmasa, jataqhana bere almaymyz. Jas balalary bar, ýy alugha mýmkindikteri joqtary túryp jatyr. Áuelde osy jataqhanagha baylanysty da biraz dau tuyndaghan. Jekeshelendirip alghysy kelgender de boldy. Keyin "Mәdeni-oqu oshaqtaryna qatysty jataqhanalar jekeshelendiruge jatpaydy" degen zang shyqty da, búl daulargha nýkte qoyyldy. Múghalimderden basqa, birinshi kezekte magistranttardy jiberemiz. Arnayy tapsyryspen kelgen doktoranttardy ornalastyramyz. Otbasy qúrghan studentterge de jataqhana beruge mýmkindik joq. Olargha tek bir kategoriya boyynsha ghana jataqhana beruge bolady. Ol otbasynyng ekeui de osy uniyversiytetting studenti bolghan jaghdayda ghana jataqhanada túra alady. Qazir bizde tórt jataqhanamyz ghana bar. Bizde 12 mynday student oqidy, sonyng 7-8 myny respublikanyng ózge aimaqtarynan kelgender.
- Ózge aimaq degenimiz, auyldardan, ózge oblys ortalyqtarynan kelgen studentter me?
- IYә. Alys shalghay auyldardan kelip oqyp jatqandar bar. Jataqhananyng bir bólmesinde sanitarlyq norma boyynsha tórt bala ghana túrugha tiyis. Tórt-aq bala túratyn bolsa, bizdegi orynnyng sany azayyp qalady. Sondyqtan bir bólmege bes baladan túrghyzyp jatyrmyz. Qazir eseptep qarasaq, bizdegi tórt jataqhanada 1800 - den astam ghana student túrady eken. Búl otyz payyzdyng ar jaq-ber jaghy ghana. Mәseleden qalay shyghugha bolady? Ádildik bar jerde, qazaq sózge toqtaydy. Ol ýshin jataqhanagha ornalastyru jóninde arnayy komissiya qúramyz. Sol komissiya boyynsha studentterding kontingentin esepteymiz. Onda da aqyly bólimge týskenderdi esepke almaymyz. Tek, memlekettik grantpen oqugha týskender birinshi esepke alynady. Olardyng otbasy jaghdayy qalay? Onyng bәrin arnayy komissiya tekseredi. Birinshi kezekte, balalalar ýiinen kelgender. Olargha eshqanday aqsha tóletpeymiz. Ekinshisi, jetim balalar. Qújatyn alyp keledi, sol boyynsha qarastyramyz. Ákesi ne sheshesi joq balalar, kóp balaly otbasynan shyqqandar, sosyn shalghay auyldardan kelgenderdi qarastyramyz. Bizde tólemaqy óte az. Bir jylgha bir kezderi 600-aq tenge alatynbyz. Qazir zaman talabyna say, on myng tenge tóleydi. Búnday tólemaqy eshbir oqu ornynda joq.
- "Aqyly bólimde oqityn balalargha jataqhana bólinbeydi" dediniz. Olargha ne sebepti jataqhana berilmeydi?
- Balalardyng kelisimimen taghy bir oryn qoyyp, altynshy balalardy kirgizip jatyrmyz. Qazir eki myngha juyq balany osylay ornalastyrudamyz. Aqyly bólimning balalarynyng ózinde birneshe kategoriya boyynsha jýzege asyrylady. Keybir kәsiporyndarmen kelisimshartymyz bar. "Qazaqmys" jәne basqa da iri kәsiporyndar studentterdi arnayy oqytady. Óitkeni olardyng aqshasyn arnayy kәsiporyndar tólep otyrghandyqtan, olargha jataqhana mindetti týrde bólinedi. Aqyly bólimde oqityndardyng ishinde jaghdayy auyr, baspanagha túru mýmkindigi joq balalar bolsa, olarmen sóilesip, jaghdayyn qarastyrugha tyrysamyz. Sosyn bizding uniyversiytetting taghy bir ereksheligi, biz aqyly bólimge onsha kóp qúmar emespiz. Aqysyn tóley alatyn, jaghdayy bar studentter ghana aqyly bólimge tapsyrady. Byltyrghy jyly bizde aqyly bólimi 22 payyz ghana boldy. Aqyly bólimde oqityn, jaghdayy qiyn balalargha jasalatyn әleumettik kómek degen bar. Arnayy komissiyanyng sheshimine qarap, olardyng aqysyn tómendetemiz. Olardyng arasynda sportta kózge týsip jýrgen balalar da boluy mýmkin. Respublikanyng namysyn qorghap jýrgen studentterding aqysyn uniyversiytet óz moynyna alyp jatady. Olargha jataqhana beru jaghynan da jenildikter bar. Ónerli balalar, әdebiyetke qúmar balalargha da birsypyra kómek jasaymyz.
Búl Qazaq Últtyq tehnikalyq uniyversiyetting basyndaghy jayt. Búdan bólek, studentterining kóbi jataqhanagha jete almay, múqtajdyq kýy keship jatqan oqu ornynyng biri - әl-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiyteti. Jogharyda ózimiz mysalgha keltirgendey, búl uniyversiytetting studentter qúramy da ózge oqu oryndarymen salystyrghanda kóbirek. Ári gumanitarlyq salany tandaytyndardyng kóbi de osy oqu ornyna qújat tapsyrugha tyrysady. Studenti kóp, jataqhanasy da birshama Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiytetinde de jataqhana mәselesi kýrdeli. Ál-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiytetinde barlyghy 13 jataqhana bar. Ol jataqhanalarynda oryndar sany da әrtýrli. Jalpy QazÚU - ding jataqhanalarynda barlyghy - 4901 oryn bar kórinedi. Uniyversiytetting qabyrghasynda oqyp jýrgen studentter men magistranttardyng jalpy sany - 18 444. Búl tizimge dayyndyq fakulitetinde oqyp jatqan sheteldik studentter men kolledj tәlimgerleri jәne PhD doktoranttary kirmeydi. Al jogharydaghy tizim boyynsha, bakalavr mamandyghynda bilim alyp jatqan studentter sany - 17 920. Onyng ishinde syrttan kelgender, yaghny Almaty qalasynan tys oblystardan kelgender sany 15 500-den asyp jyghylady. QazÚU-de jataqhana alugha ótinish bildiretinderding sany estuimizshe, 13-14 mynnan asyp jyghylatyn kórinedi. Onyng bes mynyn ghana uniyversiytetting qanaghattandyrugha mýmkindigi bar. Al qalghan shamamen 8500-9000-nan asa ótinish iyesine oryn jetpeydi eken.
Osyghan oray, jataqhana mәselesining ne sebepti kýrdelenip ketkendigi turaly saualymyzdy oqu ornynyng basshylyghyna joldaghan edik. Bizding saualymyzgha QazÚU-dyng baspasóz qyzmeti bylay dep jauap qaytardy.
- QazÚU-de jekeshelendirilgen jataqhanalar bar ma?
- Dәl qazir QazÚU-dyng iyeliginde eshqanday jekeshelengen jataqhana joq. Biraq bizding territoriyamyzda bizge qaramaytyn 2 jataqhana bar. Olar 1993 jyly QR Ýkimetining qaulysyna sәikes, uniyversiytetting sol kezdegi jataqhanada túrghan qyzmetkerlerine jekeshelendirilip berilgen jataqhanalar. Eki jataqhana da jeke pәter iyeleri kooperatiyvine qaraydy. Ol Almaty qalasy Bostandyq audanynyng iyeliginde.
- Keybir fakulitetting studentteri basqa fakulitetting jataqhanasynda túrady dep estidik. Fakulitetting óz studentterine jataqhana jetpey jatqan kezde, múnyng qanday sebebi bar?
- Búl eshqanday zangha qayshy emes. Qarap otyrsanyz, keybir jataqhanalarda oryn az. Al keybireulerinde oghan qaraghanda kóp. Sondyqtan oryn az jataqhanalarda oqityn fakulitetter boyynsha kóp ótinish týsse jәne jogharyda aitqan talaptar boyynsha әleumettik jaghdayy óte tómen otbasynyng balalary sol fakulitetterde kóp bolsa, talap boyynsha, biz sol әleumettik qorghalmaghan studentterding ótinishterin qanaghattandyruymyz kerek.
- Uniyversiytette qansha student jataqhanagha múqtaj?
- Jasyratyny joq, uniyversiytette shamamen 8500-9000 mynnan astam student jataqhanagha múqtaj. Aldaghy jyldary búl mәsele odan ary kýrdelene týsui mýmkin. Sondyqtan biz studentterding barlyq ótinishterin tiyisti mekemelerge berip otyrmyz. Olar aldaghy jyldary QR Ýkimeti maqúldaghan Bilim jәne ghylym ministrligining 2011-2015 jyldargha arnalghan "Studenttik baspana" atty baghdarlamasy boyynsha jataqhanamen qamtylatyn bolady. Qazir búl baghdarlama jergilikti әkimshilikterge joldanyp, studentterge arnalghan jana jataqhanalar salu qolgha alynyp jatyr. Búdan basqa osy jyldyng sonynda búrynghy jataqhanalar, qazirgi halyqaralyq qatynastar fakuliteti men shyghystanu fakulitetining oqu korpustary qayta jóndeuden ótkizilip, keler jyldyng basynda 700 oryndyq eki jataqhana studentterge qaytarylyp beriledi.
Sonday-aq, jataqhanadan oryn tiymegen shәkirtterdi dalada qaldyrmau maqsatynda biz taghy da jana tәsil oilap tauyp otyrmyz. Ol - әl-Faraby atyndaghy QazÚU Studentter senatynyng oilap tapqan "Studentterge túrghyn ýy izdeude kómek kórsetuding әleumettik jelisi" atty joba. Búl jobanyng basty maqsaty - jataqhanadan oryn jetpegen studentterge qaladan pәter jaldap túrugha qol úshyn beru, kómek qolyn sozu. Búl túrghyda eki baghytta qyzmet atqarylady: birinshi pәterdi jalgha berushilerdi audangha sәikes bólip, tolyq mәlimetter bazasy jasalynady, ekinshi pәter izdeushi studentterding mәlimetter bazasy týziledi. Ol jerden әrkim ózine tiyimdi aqparattardy ala alady. Joba júmysy fakulitet dengeyinde Studentter mәslihatymen, al uniyversiytet dengeyinde Studentter senatymen ýilestirilip otyrady.
Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiytetindegi mamandardyng pikiri osynday. Joghary oqu oryndarynyng basshylary "jataqhanany jetimderge, kópbalaly otbasynan shyqqan balalargha, sonymen birge altyn belgi men grant iyegerlerine kezeksiz beremiz" degendi algha tartady. Al Almaty qalasyna bilim quyp keletinderding sany jyl sayyn 10 payyzgha artady eken. Mamandardyng aituynsha, búl mәselening týiinin sheshu ýshin keminde 30 shaqty jataqhana salynu kerek deydi. Týrkiya memleketinde baspanasyz jastar men studentter ýshin arnayy jataqhanalar salynady eken. Olarda tipti isker azamattardyng ózi óz qarjysyna jataqhana saludy ózderine mindet sanaytyn kórinedi. Búl jataqhanalarda kez -kelgen oqu ornynyng jataqhanagha qoly jetpegen studentining túruyna mýmkindik bar kórinedi. Búl da bolsa, memleketting tarapynan jastargha jasalyp otyrghan ýlken qoldau bolsa kerek.

Qazaqstannyng ózge qalasyn qaydam, ontýstik shaharda jataqhana mәselesi әzir sheshimin tabar emes. Ári búl bir ghana uniyversiytetting nemese bir instituttyng basyndaghy mәsele emes. Búl jalpy Qazaqstan kólemindegi joghary oqu oryndaryndaghy oryn alyp otyrghan mәsele. Búl mәselege memlekettik túrghydan qaraghanda ghana, sheshimi tabylatyn siyaqty.
Ázirge jataqhanadan oryn taba almay, pәter jaldayyn dese, qaltasy kótermeytin jalanayaq studentting bar múny jatyn oryngha tirelip-aq túr. Studentting zaryn estiytin qúlaq, múnyn múndaytyn joqtaushy tabylar ma eken?!

15.09.2011
Gýlzina Bektasova

http://www.turkystan.kz/page.php?page_id=36&id=6601