Bismillahiy-r-rahmaniy-r-rahiym!

Atamyz Adam payghambardan beri qaray atadan-atagha ýzilmey jazylyp kelgen shejire eshbir júrtta joq. Adam payghambardan Núh payghambargha sheyin aitylghan atalar - taurat sózi, qay kitapta bolsa da sol taurat kitabynan alyp jazghan. Onan songhy shejireler bireuden-bireu estip jýrgen ertegi syqyldy sózderden shyqqan. Onyng ishinde keybireu bilimdi atanu ýshin, keybireu jaqsy atanyng nәsili bolmaqqa, keybireu janylys úqqanyn ótirik yaky qate aitylghany kóp bolghan. Mysaly, bizding qazaqtyng Ghakashә sahabanyng nәsilimiz degeni syqyldy sózder. Bergi zamanda shyqqan bilimdiler sol ertegi syqyldy sózderding qisynyna qarap, kisilerinin, jerlerining atynyng maghynasyna qarap jәne onan bergirektegi halyqtyng jayyn әzirlegende eski zamanda patshaly júrt bolghan halyqtardyng eski jazulary - aqsha tengedegi jazu hәm molanyng basyna qoyghan tastaghy jazulardan qarap bilip jәne sóilegen sóz, әdet-ghúryp, tanba belgilerining retine qarap, qay el qay elmen túqymdas, qay uaqytta, qay jerde jýrgenin, kim degen el atanyp, qay hangha qaraghanyn anyqtap tapqan son, búrynghy ertegi syqyldy sózderding kóbi qate ekeni maghúlym bolghan.

Bismillahiy-r-rahmaniy-r-rahiym!

Atamyz Adam payghambardan beri qaray atadan-atagha ýzilmey jazylyp kelgen shejire eshbir júrtta joq. Adam payghambardan Núh payghambargha sheyin aitylghan atalar - taurat sózi, qay kitapta bolsa da sol taurat kitabynan alyp jazghan. Onan songhy shejireler bireuden-bireu estip jýrgen ertegi syqyldy sózderden shyqqan. Onyng ishinde keybireu bilimdi atanu ýshin, keybireu jaqsy atanyng nәsili bolmaqqa, keybireu janylys úqqanyn ótirik yaky qate aitylghany kóp bolghan. Mysaly, bizding qazaqtyng Ghakashә sahabanyng nәsilimiz degeni syqyldy sózder. Bergi zamanda shyqqan bilimdiler sol ertegi syqyldy sózderding qisynyna qarap, kisilerinin, jerlerining atynyng maghynasyna qarap jәne onan bergirektegi halyqtyng jayyn әzirlegende eski zamanda patshaly júrt bolghan halyqtardyng eski jazulary - aqsha tengedegi jazu hәm molanyng basyna qoyghan tastaghy jazulardan qarap bilip jәne sóilegen sóz, әdet-ghúryp, tanba belgilerining retine qarap, qay el qay elmen túqymdas, qay uaqytta, qay jerde jýrgenin, kim degen el atanyp, qay hangha qaraghanyn anyqtap tapqan son, búrynghy ertegi syqyldy sózderding kóbi qate ekeni maghúlym bolghan.

Qazaqtyng týpki atasynyng jayyn bilmek bolyp, kóp uaqyttan beri sol turaly estigen,bilgenimdi jazyp alyp jәne әr týrli júrttyng shejire kitaptaryn oqydym. Oqyghan kitaptarymnyng músylmanshasy: «Tәbiriy», «Tarih ghu-mumiy», «Tarih antshar alaslam», Nәjib Ghasymbekting týrik tarihy, Ábilghazy Bahadýr hannyng jazghan «Shejire týrik» jәne әr týrli kitaptardan alynghan sózder, oryssha kitaptan oqyghanym - Radlovtyng úighyr turaly, Aristovtyng týrik nәsili turaly, dýniyedegi әr týrli júrttyng shejirelerinen orysshagha kóshirgen sózderi, onyng ishinde týrikting eng eski zamandaghy shejire kitaptary «Qúdatqu bilik», «Koshochiy-dam» degen kitaptardyng sózderi jәne qytaydyng Yuәn-shau-Miy-shy degen jazushysynyng sózi jәne arab-parsy, rum-evropa jazushylarynyng sózi jәne qazaqtang janylys aitqan ótirik atalary - bәri sol kitapta bar.

Ol kitaptardaghy sózderdi týgel jaza almasam da, kerektisin terip alyp, soghan tura kelgen qazaqtyng eski sózderin qosyp, bir shejire jazamyn. Eskiden qalghan tiyanaqsyz ertegi syqyldy auyz sóz bolmasa, múnan búryn bizding qazaq tilimenen shejire jazylghan joq.

ShEJIRE BASY

Atamyz Adam payghambardy Alla Taghala topyraqtan jaratyp jan berip, onyng ong qabyrghasynan anamyz Hauany jaratyp, Haua anamyz jyl sayyn bir úl, bir qyzdy egiz tauyp, aldynghy jylghy úlgha keler jyly tughan qyzdy berip, keler jylghy úlgha aldynghy jylghy qyzdy berip, ósip-ónip, qyryq myng kisi bolghanda, Adam payghambar myng jasynda ótip, onan bir jyl song Haua anamyz ótipti.

Adam Payghambardyng bir balasy Shis payghambar tauratta Shit dep jazylghan, onyng balasy Anush, onyng balasy Qinan, onyng balasy Miyhlael, onyng balasy Brud, onyng balasy Ydyrys payghambar - shyn aty Ahnuh edi, onyng balasy Matushlah, onyng balasy Lamәk, onyng balasy Núh payghambar, búl Núh payghambardyng ýsh balasy - Sam, Ham, Yafas; bizding týrik halqy Yafas nәsilinen.

Núh payghambardyng uaqytynda Adam balalary búzyqtyq qylyp dinnen shyqqan son, Alla Taghala qahar qylyp, topan suyn jiberip, jer jýzindegi adam, jan-januardyng bәri qyrylyp, Núh payghambar ýsh balasymenen onyng qatyndary Alla Taghalanyng әmirimenen kemege kirip, aman qalypty. Osy kýngi barsha adam balalary sol Núhtyng ýsh balasy - Sam, Ham, Yafastyng nәsili.

«Tarih ghumumi» degen kitapta barsha týrik, iran, yunan, qytay hәm evropadaghylar Yafas nәsilinen.

Barsha arab, asur, gildan, finiyke, kartaje, ghibrany mysyrlar - Sam nәsilinen. Barsha habash, sudan, zәngibar, barsha qara týsti júrt - Ham nәsilinen deydi.

Shejire týrikti jazghan Ábilghazy Bahadýr han sózinshe Yafastyng segiz balasy bar: Týrik, Hazar, Saqlap, Qytay, Kamari, Tariyh, Japon, Manjur degen. Týrikting tórt balasy bar - Týtik, Hakәl, Bәrsәjar, Amlaq. Barsha hun majar, búlghar, ulah, auar, maghol, tatar, manju, fiyn, jonghar atanghan halyqtar týrik nәsili deydi.

Týrikting balasy Eljehan, onyng balasy - Bakoy han, onyng balasy - Kiyik han, onyng balasy - Alanshy han.

Múnyng uaqtyna sheyin halyq músylman edi, sol kezde búzylyp suretke tabyndy. Alanshynyng eki balasy - Tatar, Maghol. Alanshy qol astyndaghy elin eki balasyna bólip bergen son, Tatar qol astyndaghy el Tatar atanyp, Maghol qol astyndaghy el Maghol atandy deydi.

Týrikten osy jerge sheyin jazylghan atalar - Ábilghazy han shejiresindegi músylman jazushylarynyng sózi.

Múnan song qytay shejirelerindegi ertegi syqyldanghan sózderdi jazyp jәne olardy qalaysha shyn sózge qisyndyrugha mýmkin bolatyndyghynyn jazamyn.

Aristovtyng kitabyndaghy qytay jazushylarynyng sózi eng eski zamanda týrik júrtynyng atalary - So degen halyq bolypty (múnyng Nәjib Ghasymbek Sit degen dep jazady) sol halyqta bir Ejen-shidu degen han bolyp, onyng Aspan qyzy qatynynan tughan tórt balasy bolypty: bir balasy aqqu bolyp ketipti. Bir balasy qytaysha Kiy-ghu degen eken. Ol Apu menen Ghan degen dariyada padishalyq qylypty. Bir balasy Shu-sy degen dariyada patsha bolypty. Ýlken balasy Nadulusha degen. Ol Basi-chu Sy shy degen tauda bolyp, han ordasy sonda bolypty. Taudyng biyiktiginen ol el suyqtan óletúghyn bolghan son, Nadulusha ot jaghudy ýiretip, elin suyqtan saqtaghan son, ózge tuysqandaryna qaraghan elder de soghan qarap, atyn - Tuku qoyypty. Tuku degen - dulygha degen sóz. Qytayda «R» degen әrip joq bolghan, Tukunyng ortasyna «R» qosylyp, «turku» bolady.

Osy aitylghan qytay sózine qarasanyz, Ejen-Shidu degeni - Shidu han degeni; onyng bir balasy aqqu bolyp ketti degeni Altaydaghy Qu ózenindegilerge han boldy degennen shataq bolghan. Olardyng qalghan nәsili - osy kýnde Kumandinskiy dep oryssha atalyp otyrghan elder, osy kýnde de So dep atalatúghyndary bar. Qu ózenindegiler ózderin qukishi dep ataydy. Jogharghy Ejen-Shidu degeni Shis payghambar bolsa kerek. Ejen-Shidudyng bir balasy Kiy-ghu degeni qyrghyz degeni bolady. Sebebi qytayda «R» joq jәne sózdi qysqartyp, ayaghyndaghy әripti tastap aitatúghyn әdeti bar. Kiy-gunyng ortasyna «R» qosyp, ayaghyna «zi» qossanyz, qyrghyz bolady. Onyng maghynasy - elsizde óz erkimen jýrgen taghy degen sóz dep Nәjib Ghasymbek qytay sózderin jazghan shejirelerden alyp jazady.

Ejen-Shidudyng bir balasy Chu-sy degen dariyada boldy degeni - Chu dariyasyndaghylargha han boldy degen sóz jәne eng ýlken balasy - Nadulusha Basi-chu - Siy-shy degen tauda boldy degeni - Shu dariyasynyng basyndaghy jartasty tauda boldy degeni. Sebebi Chu - ózen aty, sy - degeni halyqtar degeni, shy - degeni biyik jar tas jәne Ábilghazy han hәm basqa músylman shejirelerinde eng búryn ot jaqqan, peshti jyly ýidi shygharghan týrik deydi. Búl qytay sózinde ot jaghyp ýiretken Nadulusha Tuku yaghny Turku atandy deydi.

Jogharghy So degen sózdi sol degendegi sózding songhy lәm әrpin qaldyryp aitqandaghy dauyspen oqu kerek, oryssha So degendey qylyp. Múny Nәjip Ghasymbek Sim dep jazghanyna qaraghanda, men oilaymyn, osy IIIis Tauratta Shit dep jazylghan jәne shejire jazghandar keyde Se dep jazady, búlargha qaraghanda Shis nәsili degen sóz bolady. Sebebi, Adam payghambardyng Shisten basqa balasynan nәsil joq.

Aqyrynda jogharghy qytay sózinen tabylghany, bizding halyq So yaky Siyt, yaghny Shis nәsilinen. Qytaysha Tuku, bizshe týrik atanghan halyqtan shyqqanymyz anyq boldy. Ol So, yaky Sit halqy kóbeyip, qozghalghandyqtan tórt bólek bolyp, biri Altaydyng Temirqazyq jaq túmsyghyndaghy Qu ózeninde bolyp Qu eli, oryssha Kumandy atanghan. Ekinshi bólegi Apu men Qan yaghny Abaqan menen Eniysey ózeni arasynda bolyp, qyrghyz atanghan. Ýshinshi bólegi Altaydaghy Shu ózeninde bolyp, qytaysha Chu-ksi, oryssha Chuyskiy atandy. Tórtinshi bólegi - qytaysha Tuku, bizshe týrik atanyp, Shu ózenining jogharghy basyndaghy jartasty tauda boldy. Bәri Tukugha qaraghanda, Tuku bizding tilshe týrik patshalyghy atanghan. Keyingi kezderde әldeneshe handyqqa bólinip, әr týrli atpen atalghandary kóp bolsa da, sonyng bir tabynan týrik aty joghalmaghan.

Jәne qytay shejiresindegi ertegi syqyldy qisynsyz sóz Týrik júrtynyng arghy atalary bir úrghashy qasqyr menen hun atanghan júrttyng qol-ayaghyn kesip dalagha aparyp tastaghan on jasar baladan tughan deydi. Sebebi qasqyr balany tauyp alyp, qiyn taudyng ishindegi bir jar tastyng arasyna aparyp, asyrap ósirip, sol baladan buaz bolyp, qasqyr on bala tauypty. Týrikter sol on balanyng nәsili deydi.

Jәne bir sózi aspannan kelgen bir erkek qasqyr menen hun júrtynyng patshasynyng qyzynan tughan deydi. Búl sózderdi esh nәrsege qisyndyrugha bolmasa da, men óz oiymsha tómendegi sózge qisyndyramyn.

Ábilghazy Bahadýr hannyng shejiresining eki jerinde siymsyzyraq sóz bar edi. Biri Tatar hany - Sýiinish han Maghol hany Elhandy jenip, elin qyrghanda, Elhannyng inisi Negiz benen balasy Qiyan degen tútqynnan qashyp baryp, qalghan kisilerimen maldaryn jiyp alyp, Ergeneqon degen ainalasy Jartastargha kirip, sonda tórt jýz elu jylday ósip-ónip, aqyrynda syimay shyqpaq bolghanda, kelgendegi qiyn joldary kóp zaman ótkendikten búzylyp qalyp, jartasty otpen órtep qúlatyp shyqty deydi.

Jәne bir sózi Duauynbayan degen han ólgen son, ornyna Alanghu degen qatyny han bolyp túryp, baygha tiymey, aspannan kelgen bir núrdan buaz bolyp, ýsh bala tauyp, sonyng bireui Bodanjar han boldy deydi.

Jogharghy ertegi syqyldy sóz osyghan qisynady. Sebebi Ergeneqon degenning maghynasy - tik jartas degen sóz, qasqyr balany jartastargha aparyp, sonan bala tuyp ósti degeni osyghan keledi. Jәne sonan shyqqandaghy hannyng aty - Bórtechiyne edi. Maghynasy buryl qasqyr degen, sony qytaylar qasqyrdan tudy dep shatasqan. Jәne Alanghu kimnen tapsa da, ýsh bala tauyp, ony núrdan taptym dep, halyqty aldaghan ghoy, sony qytaylar birese qasqyr menen baladan tudy dep, birese aspannan kelgen qasqyr menen han qyzynan tudy dep shatastyryp jýrse kerek.

Jәne Radlovtyng úighyr turaly jazghan kitabynda qytay sózi eski zamanda Gaoshan, yaghny úighyr júrtynyng jerinde Gulin tauynan eki ózen aghady; Tohula, Selenge degen. Sol ózen arasyndaghy bir taudaghy aghashtan jaryq núr shyqqan son, ondaghy júrt baryp qarasa, bir aghashtan shyqqan núr eken. Ol aghash buaz qatyn syqyldy tompaq eken. Sol aghashtan bes bala tuyp, halyq ony Qúdaydyng jibergeni dep asyrap, ósirip, attaryn Súnqartegiyn, Qo-turtegiyn, Tugeltegiyn, Ortegiyn, Búqategin qoyyp, kenjesi Búqategindi han qoyypty.

Tegin dep aqsýiek knyazidi aitady, sonyng nәsilinen otyz hannan keyin Ioyluntegin degeni han bolghan kezde Tan hannyng elimenen neshe jyl jaulasyp, ayaghynda qúda bolyp, Tan hannyng Szinlin degen qyzyn Ioylunteginning balasy IYeliteginge aittyrady. Búl Tan han degeni - Tatan, yaghny tatar hany bolsa kerek. Ol Peliy-puliy-ta degen tauda edi. Maghynasy úrghashy jaylaghan tau degen bolady. Jәne Cheli-taha degen tau bar edi. Maghynasy oryssha «nebesnyy gor», bizshe taghdyrdyng ýkimi degenge keledi. Jәne Huly Taha degen tau bar edi. Maghynasy - qútty tau degen. Tan hannyng jibergen bir kisisi sol Qútty taudy kórip, «osynyng basyndaghy biyik tasty qúlatsa, búl elding baqyty qaytady» dep, Ioylunteginnen qalynmal ýshin sol tasty súrap alyp kete almaghan son, otpen qiratyp, órtep, nosilkamen tasyp aldy. Sonan song taudaghy qúrt, qús shulap, jeti kýnge jetpey Ioyluntegin ólip, onan song han bolghany óle bergen son, halqy kóship, Beshbalyqqa, yaghny Bes shaharge keldi. Temir qazyghy A-chu, yaghny Aqsu, kýnbatysy - U-don-Qashi, yaghny Hotan men Qashqar, kýnshyghysy - Siy-fan, yaghny Tiybetke sheyin biyledi. Búl kóshkeni Bar-chiju - Erteteginning han bolghanynan 970 jyl búryn edi deydi.

Endi osy aitylghan Radlov kitabyndaghy qytay sózining aghashtan bala tudy degeni esh sózge qisynbaydy. Olay bolsa da búl sóz de Bodanjar hannyng balasy - Búqahan bolsa kerek. Sebebi, Ábilghazy Bahadýr han sózinshe Bodanjardyng eki balasy - Búqa, Toqa: búl Búqa tegin menen Tókel tegin bolar, aghashtan núr shyghyp sodan tudy degeni - Alanghudyng núrdan taptym degenin shataq aitqangha úqsaydy.

Jәne sol sózding ayaghynda aitqan Bar-chiju - erte degeni anyq-aq. Rashid ad-din menen Ábilghazy hannyng aitatúghyn Shynghys han kezindegi úighyr júrtynyng Bauyrchyq, Ediyghút degen hany, ony Rashid ad-din Barjúq dep jazady. Eidighu degen laqap aty dep qytay aitady. Ediyghút dep handaryn aitushy edi dep Ábilghazy aitady. Jәne Shynghys túsynda úighyrlar Qidan, yaghny qara qytaygha qaraghany Taytsyzu, yaghny Shynghys handy estip, qara qytaydyng jandaralyn óltirip, Shynghys hangha qaraghany da jәne IYәly Andon degen Shynghys hannyng qyzyn alghany da bәri tura keledi. Ol Bauyrchyq Ediyghúttyng Shynghys hangha qaraghany 1209 jyly edi.

Aristov sózinshe eski zamandaghy qazaqtyng basty rularynyng tanbasy mynau:

Úly jýz - Dulat (tanbasy - O), Alban (tanbasy - ), Suandiki - O, Botbaydiki - O yaky mynaday, Syiqymdiki - , Orta jýzde - Qonyrat (tanbasy - ), Arghyn (tanbasy ), Qanly (tanbasy ), qypshaqtiki - || , kereydiki - yaky mynaday - X, Naymandiki - jәne Shynghys han ýlken haqan bolghanda, tap basy bekterge úran, qús, aghash, tanba beripti. Sonda úly jýz Ýisin Mayqy biyge «úranyng - Salauat, qúsyng - býrkit, aghashyng - qaraghash, tanbang - sýrgi tanba bolsyn» depti. Ol mynaday: , orta jýzden Qonyrat Sengile biyge «úranyng - Qonyrat, qúsyng - súnqar, aghashyng - alma, tanbang - ay tanbasy bolsyn» depti. Ol mynaday: .

Múnan keyin Nәjib Ghasymbekting qytay shejiresinen alyp jazghan sózinen biraz ghana jazamyn.

Hijradan, yaghny bizding payghambarymyzdyng uaqytynan 2819 jyl búryn, yaghny oryssha eseppenen Ghaysa payghambar uaqytynan 2197 jyl búryn Qytayda hich degen nәsil han bolyp biylemey túryp, Qytaydyng temirqazyq jaghynda Tuku, yaghny týrik halqy bar ekeni maghúlym bolghan.

Múnan 1081 jyl son, yaghny Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 1116 jylda Qytayda Uang han zamanynda hun atanghan týrikter Qytaygha qaradyq dep, Uannyng nәsilinen Yudang han bolghan kezde hundar búzylyp, Qytaydyng Shәn - sy degen ualәyatyn shapqan. Búl hun, yaky ghun atanghan týrikter Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 910 jyly qytaylargha soqtygha bastap, sonan 213 jyl son, yaghny Ghaysa payghambardan 697 jyl búryn qytaydyng Ganisu degen jerine kirgen, ol jer qytaylardyng Magholstanmenen bóligi edi. Onan 45 jyl song Pәchily degen ualәyatyn shauyp, týrikter birining artynan biri qytaydy shaba bergen son, sonan qútylugha Ghaysa payghambardan 214 jyl búryn Chin qorghany degen ýlken qorghandy sala bastap, on jylda bitirdi. Halyqtyng janylys Eskendir qorghany dep jýrgeni sol qorghan bolsa kerek. Ony salyp bitirgen qytaydyng Chiyn-Shy-huandy degen hany edi. Ol ólgen song Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 210 jyldan song qytaylar óz ishinen býlinip, manayyndaghy elmenen bólikteri saqtausyz qalyp, hun týrikter Tatardyng Qaramóren degen dariyasyn ainalyp baryp, qytaydy talay bastaydy. Jәne bir eski habar: Ghaysa payghambardan 1300 jyl búryn Che-eu nәsili qytayda han kezinde Aziyanyng temirqazyq jaq shetinde hun, yaky ghun degen halyq bolghan. Búl hun degen Orhon ózenine qoyylghan at edi. Sol sebepten ol halyq hun atandy. Odan keyin bir uaqyttarda týrikter hun-nu dep te ataldy. Onyng sebebi, qytaylar Huan He dariyasynyng temirqazyq jaghyndaghy halyqty Hunnu degeninen shyqqan. Shejirelerdegi hunnu atanghany on nu, yaghny on úighyr degennen dep Radlov aitady. Jәne bir kezde búlardyng kýnshyghys tatar atanghan hunnyng topa, siyәn-hi, ju-jen degen taptary Aziyanyng kýnbatys shetine sheyin bardy. Búl hun-nu qytaymen kóp soghysyp, keyde jenip, alym da aldy. Olar handaryn Shani buy yuo dep, onan keyin Tanju dep atady. Bergi zamandaghy taychy dep qalmaqtyng aitqany da sol sózden. Jogharghy hunnular hannyng qatynyn ien-shy deushi edi. Bizding qazaqtyng ózinen ýlken kisining qatynyn jeneshe degeni sol sóz bolar. Olardyng Tanuji, yaghny hany En-Shan tauynda túrushy edi. Ol tau Altaydyng Ertis ózenine qaray sozylghan bir tarauy edi. Tanju qytay hanymenen tatu túryp, hat jazghanda aspan, kýn, ay tarapynan hundardyng taghyna qoyylghan úlugh Tanjudan dep jazushy edi. Búl tatu túrghannyng songhy mezgilderi Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 210 jylgha sheyin bilinedi. Jogharghy aitylghan qytaylar býlinip, olardy hunnular shauyp talaghan Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 210 jylda hundardyng hany Tomyn Tanju edi. Búl Tomyn han Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 206 jyly ólip, onyng ornyna Mode, yaky Móte degen balasy han bolyp, Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 174 jylgha sheyin bek kóp jerlerdi aldy. Qytaydyng ol kezdegi hany Fau-Huangh-ty degen edi. Jogharghy Móte Suhnghyn-fu shaharyn alyp, Shansigha kirip, Shian Fu shaharyna kelgen song Fau-ty han qarsy shygha almay, qyz berip bitim qyldy. Múnan song qytay men týrik qyz alysty.

Ghaysa payghambardan 175 jyl búryn hunnular Yushi, yaghny Shýrshit halqyn Ganisu men Shәn-siyden shygharyp, kýnbatysqa qaray Balqash kóli menen Ile ózenine qudy. Yushiyler baryp Yaksart, yaghny Syrdariyadan ótip, Soghdy Baktriyany alyp, ondaghy Se, yaky yakut - saqa atanghan búrynghy barghan týrikti qudy. Sol kezde hunnunnyng Tan-juy yaghny hany baryp, kýnshyghys tatardy shauyp byt-shyt qyldy. Sol tatardyng bir bólegi qytaydyng Pekin degen qalasynyng temirqazyq jaghyndaghy Uhuan tauyna baryp, Uhun tatary atandy. Jәne bir bólegi Siyәnby tauyna baryp, sol atpen Siyәnby atandy. Jogharghy aitylghan Yulәr Mauranaharge kirgen zamanda, hununnyng kýnbatys jaqtaghy kórshisi usin yaghny ýisinder edi. Ile ózeni jaghasynda edi. Olar handaryn qunmy (Gunimi) deushi edi. Osy ýisindi hunnulardyng yntymaghynan aiyrmaqshy bolyp, qytaydyng eng alghash dýnie kóruge shyqqan Chan-Kiyen degendi jibergen edi. Qytay sol kezde Kaykii, yaghny Mauranahar Pusi, yaghny parsymenen sauda aralastyryp edi. Soghan ortadaghy hunnular bóget bolyp, jogharghy Chan-Kiyendi on jyl toqtatyp qoyghan. Onysy Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 139 jyldan 129 jylgha sheyin edi, Chan Kiyendi Aristov Chjan Syan dep jazady.

Ghaysa payghambardan 70 jyl búryn jogharghy Uhuan atanghan tatarlar hunnularmen janjaldasyp, barsha tanjularynyn, yaghny handarynyng molasyn hәm Mótenning de molasyn qúlatyp, hunnulardy kýnbatysqa qaray quyp, kóp jerin aldy. Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 54 jyly Siy-әnby atanghan tatarlar qytaygha bolysyp, Uhuandy jense de, olar tez zamanda jәne qayta jinalyp, bir handyq bolyp, handyghy Ghaysa payghambardan songhy 207 jylgha sheyin keldi.

Ghaysa payghambardan songhy 43 jyly hun handyghy eki bólindi. Biri ong týs, bir sol týs atanyp, 65 jyly ekeui birigip, Qytaydyng Shansy menen Hamy degen jerine barsa da jenilip qaytty. Olardy qytaydyng Schu - hyan degen jandaraly quyp, Kilushan tauynda jәne jenip, әskerin qyryp, sonda sol tús hunnyng hanymenen birtalayy kýnbatysqa qashty. Sol sebepti, 93 jyly sol tús hun handyghy joghaldy. Onan qalghan eki jýz myng ýili halqy qytaygha qarap qaldy. Qaramaghandary Altaydan óte qashyp, Múzdaladan ótip, Oraldaghy Bashqúrt jerine bardy. Sol barghandar Evropanyng shetinde janadan bir handyq bolyp, kýnbatys hun atanyp, kóp jyl túrdy. Ony qytaylar Tanju handyghy dedi. Evropanyng birtalay halqyn qughan úighyr, onoghúr, Siyәnby hәm basqa týrik rularynan da qosylyp, Alan júrtyn alghan osylar edi. Ghaysa payghambardan songhy 78 jyly Kavkaz tauynan asyp, Azerbayjan, Irak aja kirgeni, 167 de Mark Orel zamanynda rumdarmenen soghysqany latynsha kitaptarda bar.

Jogharyda aitylghan soltýstik hundar baryp kýnbatys hun atanyp túrghanda, múnda qalghan ong tús hundar Shәnsiyde edi. Olardyng hany hnglan-shigha 93 jyly ketken sol tús hunnan qalghan kóp el qarap qalyp edi. Bara-bara búl ong tús hundar da nasharlanyp, qytaydyng bir qaruy esepti bolyp qaldy.

206 jyly qytaylar óz ishinen býlinip, ýshke bólinedi. Biri Uay degen Temirqazyq shetindegiler, biri - Uu degen ong tústa jәne biri - han degen kýnbatysta boldy. 207 jyly Uay atanghany manayyndaghylardy bir-birlep qarata bastady, aqyrynda ong tús hundy da alyp, 221-de birjolata handyghyn joghaltty. Olardyng kóbi Ganisu menen Shansiydegi halqyna qosyldy. Bir bólegi 93 jyly ketken kýnbatysqa barghan hundargha qosyldy. Jogharyda aitylghan Siy-әnby atanghan halyqtar 225 jyly Orta Aziyagha kirip, bir ýlken handyq jasap, 320 jyly Ile dariyasynan Amu dariyasyna sheyin aldy. Sol Siyәnby degen atpen búl jaq Sibiriya ataldy.

Olardyng handyghyn Nәjib Ghasymbek Topa-usunu dep, Aristov Yuәn-by depti. 310 jyly osy Siyәnby nәsilinen eski shejirelerde Jujen yaky Jóje dep әrtýrli atpen jazylatúghyn týrik nәsildi bir halyq kýnbatystaghy halyqqa bek qatty shabyndy qylghan. 390 jyly Jujәnder jogharghy Siyәnbilardy ornynan quyp, handyghyn joghaltty. Búl Jujәnder Qaraqúrymnan qozghalyp, az-azdan býtin Tatarstan jerine jayyldy. Onyng handary da Tanju atalushy edi. Tulun degen bir hany 402 jyly haqan atanyp, sonan songhy handaryn haqan desti. Olar bir zamanda kýnbatys hundar túrghan bashqúrt jerlerin de aldy. Attila degen 430 jyly Evropany byt-shyt qylghany osy Jujenderding isi ekeni anyq. Búlardy Yajuk, mәhjuj degender de boldy. Búlardyng handyghyn týrikting Ona-huyy Naghan, Lu, Chin degen batyrlarynyng әskeri 552-den 554 jyldarda qyryp joghaltty. Sol sebepten týrikter býkil Aziyanyng Temir qazyq jaghyn hәm Qashqar, Samarqandtyng barsha jerin iyelendi. Onan song týrikter parsynyng patshasy Hisrau Naushiruanmen birigip, hundardyng Mauranahar manyndaghy Eftalit yaghny Tilu halqynyng handyghyn da joghaltty. 557-de Eftalitting bastyqtary Uarhuty degender biraz qalghanymenen birge qashty. Shejirelerdegi Uarhuty, yaky Uarhonit dep jazylghan Úighyr Sabyr hәm Týrik degender osylar edi. Biraq búlar Evropagha kirgen kezde Auar atanghan el edi. (Búl Auardy Aristov onan búryn kelgen Týrgesh eki han halyq edi týrik nәsi-linen deydi.)

Búrynghy halyqtardyng qylghan isterining bәri de anghary bir jolmen deuge bolady. Eski týrikterding manayyndaghy elderdi qyryp-joyyp, yaky birin-biri shauyp talaghandaghy maqsaty - ózi zor bolmaq, «bireuding ósimi bireuding joghaluymen tabylady» degen anyq maqal siyaqty týrikter jolyqqandy qyryp úlghayghan.

Týrik halqy - parsy júrtynday ruymen jýrgen halyq emes, birtalayy әr rudan qosylyp, el bolyp, manyndaghy elderdi shauyp alyp, egerde jenilse, ózge jaqqa auyp ketip, jәne bir eldi shauyp, әr rudan qosylyp, әr týrli atpen atanghan. Nәsili bir bolmasa da, eki týrik aghayyn bolghysy kelse, bir jerin qanatyp, qandaryn sýtke, yaky qymyzgha qosyp bólip ishedi de, qany qosylghan qaryndas boldyq desedi. Ony Anda deydi. Bizding qazaqtyng qúda-anda degendegi andasy osy sóz.

Týrikter eski zamanda budda, hristian, zәrdәsht dini syqyldy әr týrli dinge kirse de, onan da búryn ózderining bir týrli dini bolghan, onyng anyghy bilinbese de, eski zamandaghy qytaylar syqyldanyp jer, aghash, temir, ot, su - sol bes nәrseni qúrmettegen eken, jyl eseptegende de sol bes nәrseni 12 hayuan atyna qosyp, 60 jyldyq esepteri bolghan. Mysaly, tyshqan temir jyly, barys temir jyly degendey jәne búl týrik júrty búrynghy eski ghúryptaryn osy uaqytqa sheyin qoymaghan. Bir týrik qatyn alghanda qazaqsha qalynmal, týrikshe - aghyrlyq dep mal beretúghyny, jәne qazaqsha kórimdik, týrikshe iu kórmek dep jәne qazaqsha qol ústamaq, týrikshe al ópmek dep syy beretúghyny sol eski zamannan qalghan jәne osy kýngi qazaqtyng әrbir aumaghy, on-jýz jyldan búrynghy, únghún armalaryn, yaghny tanba belgilerin qaldyrghan joq. Qypshaqtar 600 jyldardaghy qytay jazushylary jazatúghyn nayza syqyldy tanbalaryn qol qoyghan ornyna salady. Jәne 600 jyldan beri músylman júrtyna kirgen kereyit, yaghny kereyler tipti eski zamandaghy kresh tanbasyn salady. Qazaqtyng kóbi eski tanbasyn salady. Keybireuler oghan bir syzyq qosady. Ol bir rudan shyqqan jәne bir taptyng belgisi, yaky bir hannan bir hangha qaraghandaghy belgisi bolady. Týrikter jýrgen jerin talqan qylghan myqty júrt bolghan. Ony parsy, arab, qytay bәri de rastaydy. Parsynyng Fәiruz degen patshasy әskerin týrikpen soghysugha júmsaghanda «bizdi tura ólimge júmsadyn» degenge bolmay baryp soghysqanda, sol joly Fәiruzdyng ózi óltirildi. Jәne Aya-Sofiya meshitindegi arab-Jahyz kitabynda arabtar «dúshpanyn talqandaghanda kitaptyng qaghazyn audarghannan onay byt-shyt qylady» degen. Jәne qytaydyng Shaqlar zamanyndaghy jyrlarynyng maghynasy mynau:

«Dynghyrlap arba ketedi,

Attary pys-pys etedi.

Áskerding ata-anasy,

Jәne jastau balasy,

Etegine jabysyp,

«Jibermeymiz» desedi.

Sary búlt ainalghan,

Sәndi shahar qasynda,

Qargha shulap qonady,

Soghysshynyng qatyny

Kiymeshegi basynda,

Órmek toqyp bolady,

Qarghanyng ýnin esitip,

Qyzaryp kýn batqanda,

Órmekti qatyn jiyady,

«Bayym óldi-au» dep oilap,

Tósekke baryp jatqanda

Janbyrday jas qúyady».

Endi Aristov kitabyndaghy sózden biraz sóz jazamyn. Aristov kitabyndaghy qytay sózinshe týrik júrty bir mezgil hun yaky hunu ataldy. Bir kezde qytaysha Gaugu, bizshe úighyr atandy. Hunna atalghan kezde olar ýsh týrli el bolyp, Shan Jun, Han yun hәm Hun yuy dep ataldy.

Ghaysa payghambardan 214 jyl búryn qytaylar hunnanyng Ardos degen qalasyn alyp edi. On jyldan song Shan yuyden shyqqan Mode yaky Móte han Ardosty qayta alyp, qytaydyng ózinen de alym aldy. Búl Mótening alghashqy uaqyttarda biylegen jerining kýnbatysy Nanishan menen Tanishan, yaghny ýlken Alatau arasyna sheyin, ontýstigi maghol Altayyna sheyin, Temirqazyq jaghy Ýisin hәm Yuechjiyge sheyin edi. Búl Yuechjy kýnbatysqa barghan tiybet nәsilinen edi. Usun, yaghny әr týrli týrikten jiylyp, el bolghan halyq edi. Onyng ong túsynda Eniysey ózeninde qyrghyz bar edi. Ýisin sol túqymnan edi (Bizding qazaqtyng nәsili qyrghyzdan).

Ghaysa payghambardan 209 jyl búryn Móte han Yuechjiylerdi yaghny shýrshitterdi kýnbatysqa qaray qudy. Olar ýlken Alataudyng kýnbatysyndaghy Se yaky saq degen týrikti quyp, ornyn aldy. Olar Payyr arqyly ýndige bardy. Jәne ýisinder Yuechjiylerdi qughan son, olar Farghan hәm Soghd jaghynan ótip, Baktriya bardy.

Jәne qytay jazushylarynyng sózinshe 6 jýzden 8 jýz jyldargha sheyin kýnshyghys Tunghuzben aralas qidan, yaghny qara qytaylar bar edi. Tonghuz yaghny Toghuz oghuz tiybetpenen nәsildes jәne Sharamúran ózenining manynda kóship jýrgen Tatabi, qytaysha Komoky yaky hy dep atalatúghyn qaraqytaydyng bir halqy bar edi. Magholdar olardy aimaq Onut dep ataushy edi. Olardyng sol tús-kýnbatysyna taman Tatan, yaghny tatarlar bar edi. Búl tatar menen jogharghy Tatabiyding kýnbatysynda eski týrik atymenen jýrgen el bar edi. Olardyng Shanuyi yaghny hany Orhun boyynda edi. Búlardyng sol jaghynda Selingede toghyz oghyz bar edi. Toghyz oghuz - toghyz úighyr ekeui bir sóz bolady. Búl úighyrdyng Tele degen taby Selengede bolyp, soltýstegi Gauugular Qosakólde edi. Kólding kýn batysynda Merkiyt, Uranhay, Topa degen týrik elderi bar edi. Uranhaydyng kýnbatysy Guman degen taudyng sol túsynda qyrghyz bar edi. Ol tau qytaysha Tәn-men, búl kýnde Tano-ula, yaghny bek ýlken emes degen bolady. Osy aitylghan halyqtyng sonda jýrgeni Ghaysa payghambardan búrynghy 201 jyldan 49 jylgha sheyin qyrghyzdyng ong tús-kýnbatysynda Qara Ertiske qarlyq degen týrikter kóship jýrdi. Olardy qytay Gelulu deydi. Altaydan shyqqan týrikting eng songhy shyqqany osy Sharyshtyng basqy bir tarauy Qarlyq ózeninen.

Týrik patshalyghy әbden úlghayyp, eki bólinip, kýnshyghys, kýnbatys atanghanda, jogharghy Chuyskiyden jogharghy el kýnshyghys týrik bolyp, onan tómengi Tele nәsili hәm magholdyng kýnbatysyndaghy teleler kýnbatys týrik bolyp, olar bes aumaq dulu bolyp atandy. Búlghariya knyazidyghy osy dulu nәsilinen bolady. Búl tele, yaky dulu dep atanghan halyqty Nәjib Ghasymbek tilu dep jazady.

750 jyl manynda týrik óz ishinen búzylghanda, úighyr menen qalghan Tele hәm Qarlúq birigip, týrikti jenip, úighyr biyledi. Qytaylar úighyr handyghyn Hu-hu dedi. Jýz jylgha jaqyndaghanda olar da ishinen bólinip, úighyrdy Eniyseydegi qyrghyzdar shauyp, úighyrdyng kóbiregi qashyp, Nyani-shani tauynyng etegi hәm Tyani-shani, yaghny arghy ýlken Alataudyng kýnshyghys túmsyghyna bardy. Ózi az ghana qyrghyzdar birjola biylep túra almay Eniyseyge qaytty. Sol kezde Qidan, yaghny qytay kýsheyip, Tatabiydi alyp, hәm sol tústaghy qytaydan da el alyp, Lauu degen handyq jasady. Lauunyng maghynasy qytaysha - «alys», «shet» degen. Olardyng handyghy 907-den 1125 jylgha sheyin boldy. Búlardyng alghashqy hany Ambaghan 924 jyly úighyrdyng han qalasy Orhungha keldi. Múnymen jerles týrik nәsilinen tatarlar edi. Onyng temirqazyghynda úighyr Bayagen hәm Múnghuldar bar edi. Múnyng ishinde qara qytaygha eng jaqyn kórshi de hәm myqtysy da tatar edi. Qara qytaylar qansha әsker jiberse de, tatardy qaratyp ala almady.

Qytay jazushysy Si-iuәn-Shauu-miy-shy sózinshe, Shynghys hannan 850 jylday búryn qara qytay menen shýrshit biylep túrghandaghy Magholstan júrtynyng túrghan túraghy mynau: ong tús-kýnshyghysynda Tatabi, yaghny Oniit, onyng sol jaghynda tatar, onyng sol tús hәm kýnbatysynda Kereiyt, Jalayyr, múnghúl, onan Kerulen de onyng kýnbatysynda Tamir hәm Orhonnan Ertiske sheyin nayman, ong sol túsynda merkit jәne Qosakól menen Tannuolada Oirat hәm Tuva jәne әr týrli toghayly atanghandar. Eniyseyde qyrghyz benen oghan qaraghan úsaq el bar. Onyng kýnbatysynda Teles bar edi.

Úighyrdan handyq ketken son, Shynghys hangha sheyin Magholdyng sol tús-kýnbatys shetinen basqasyn týrik atanghan halyqtar biylep túrdy. Magholdar әrbir kishkene taptar qalsa da, birigip handyq jasay almaydy. Ol taptarda erterek Bayagen, yaghny arghyn taby kýshti edi. Shynghys han túsynda naymandar kýshti bolyp, eki handyq bolyp túr edi. Jәne bir kýshtirek taby Kereiyt, yaghny Kerey edi hәm kóp tatar bar edi. Biraq olar bólek-bólek bolyp túrghannan keyin kýshsizirek edi. Shynghys han basynda kereyge sýienip magholdy az-azdan jinap, tatar hәm merkitpen jaulasyp, eng búryn naymangha soqtyghyp, ony alyp, aqyrynda tamam magholdy týgeldep alghanda otyryqty bolyp qalghan týrikter kóship qashugha jerin qimay, birtalay el magholgha qarap qaldy. 1300 jyldar shamasynda ol qalghandar - Oniit, Jalayyr, Nayman, Kerey degender әr týrli rudan edi. Sol sebepten olar qalmaq dep ataldy.

Qalmaq degen qalghandar degen sóz. Olardyng oirat qalmaq atanghan sebebi, magholdar kýnbatysqa qoyghan әskerlerin oirat dep ataushy edi. Soghan aralasqannan oirat atandy. Qalmaqtyng týbi oirat degen sóz sonan shyqqan. (Ábilghazy Bahadur han sózinshe Shynghys han kezinde oirat hany Qutuqә, yaghny Qútlyq degen edi. Basynda jau bolyp, ayaghynda jarasyp, qyz alyp, qyz berip qarady).

1368 jyly oirat hany Myntemir degen «óz aldyma hanmyn» dep maghúlym qyldy. Sol ólgen song ih eli búzylyp, bytyrap ketti. Onan keyin 1455-te Esen Ashy degen «oyrat hany - men» dep edi, ony oirattyng bir bastyghy ólgirgen son, oirat bassyz qalyp, Shynghystyng kýnshyghystaghy nәsilderi talay bastaghan son, sondaghy qalmaq atanghan el múndaghy tuysqany týrik, tatar ishine qaray kóshti, olar eki bólinip, bir taby qypshaqtar túrghan kýnbatysqa, kóbiregi ong tústagy dulat jerine bardy. Ondaghy túrghyn oirattardy bizding múndaghy el qalmaq qoydy. Ol ekinshi jýz jyl ishinde, yaghny 1200 jylgha jaqyndaghan kezde qara qytaydyng qashqan bir knyazi Peluy-Dashy qara qytay men týrikting qashqandaryn jiyp alyp, kýnshyghys Alataudaghy otyryqty úighyrdy alyp jәne bir qara qytay handyq jasap, Maurenahar tóniregin de aldy. Jerining ortasy Shu ózenindegi Balasaghún shahary edi. Aqyrynda olardyng eng songhy hany Kórhandy 1212 jyly Shynghys han jenip ústap alghan son, handyghy joghaldy. 1219 jyly Shynghys han Ertisten attanyp, Maurenahar týgel hәm parsynyng bir bólegin alyp, ýlken Alataudyng eki jaghyn, Maurenahardi Shaghatay degen balasyna berdi. Dәshti Qypshaq jaqty Joshy degen ýlken balasy iyemdendi. Ekeui de әkesinen tórt mynnan kisi alsa da, búlargha erip maghol bolyp ketken týrik, tatar kóp bolghandyqtan әskerining kóp quaty tatar-týrik edi. Aqyrynda 1370 jyly Shaghatay túqymy Maurenahardan airyldy. Ózimenen nәsildes hәm aralas týrikten Temirlan, yaghny Ámir Temir degen shyghyp, Shaghatay nәsilining biylegen elin tartyp aldy.

Shaghatay úlysy bolyp jýrgen alghashqy eli mynalar: arghinut yaghny arghyn, kereit yaghny kerey, doghlat yaghny úly jýzdegi dulat, kórleut yaghny qarlúq, qanly, qyrghyz. Búlardan kereyler Qara Ertispenen barlyq hәm Eren qabyrgha arasynda arghyn, nayman menen Emil ózeninen Qaratalgha sheyin hәm Núra ózenine sheyin kóship jýrdi. Dulat Qaratal ózeni menen Shu arasynda boldy. Qanly menen qarlúq aralas Talas ózeninen Syrdariyagha sheyin jýrdi. Qyrghyz osy kýngi ornynda jýrdi.

Joshy úlysynyng kýnshyghysyndaghy eli Dәshti qypshaqtaghy kóp qypshaq hәm búl jaqta alshyn edi. Azyraq arghyn, nayman bar edi. Kýnbatystaghy eli polovsylardyng qalghany edi. Jәne әr týrli týrikten hәm qypshaqtan qosylghan noghay atanghan elder bar edi. Búlar ol kezde Noghay atanghan joq, onan birtalay keyin Bereke hannyng nemere inisi Noghay hannyng atymenen atalghan. Ol Noghay han bir kezde Dәshti qypshaqtaghy әrbir handardy ózi qoyyp, ózi týsirip jýrgen bir myqty han bolghan.

Joshy úlysy aqyrynda әrbir kishkene handyqqa bólinip bytyrady. Onyng sebebi - shyn aty Temirhan, lәqap aty úlúgh Múhamed han degen bir ataqty han 1446 jyly ólgen son, noghay handary handyqqa talasyp, bólingen. (Úlúgh Múhamed handy bizding qazaq tili kelmey Ormambet han deydi).

Sol kezde Ábilqayyr degen han Qazan hanyna da, Qyrymdaghy hangha da qaramay, óz aldyna Joshy úlysynyng kýnshyghys jaghyn 1552 jyldan 1555 jylgha sheyin biylep túrdy. Sol kezde әr rudan qosylghan qyrghyz-qazaq degen el bar edi. Maghynasy - «taghy, óz erkimenen jýrgen» degen sóz, jәne sol 1552-den keyin Ábilqayyr hannyng kóshpeli birtalay elin oirattyn, yaghny bizshe qalmaqtyng Óztemir Tayshy degeni byt-shyt qylyp shauyp ketti. Búl Óztemir jogharghy aitylghan oirattyng Esen ashy degen hanynyng balasy, onan keyin 1455 jyly Ábilqayyrdyng búl baqytsyzdyghynyng ýstine qol astynan qyrghyz, qazaq hәm basqa birtalay elin alyp, Ábilqayyrgha ókpelep Áz Jәnibek han men Kerey han auyp, Shudaghy Shaghatay nәsilining hanyna bardy. Múnyng artynan Ábilqayyr han ólgen son, ózbek halqy birjola bytyrap ketti.

Búl Ózbek degen at búrynghy kezde ataqty bolyp, Dәshti qypshaqta Joshy nәsilinen ýlken han bolghan hәm ózi músylman bolyp, hәmme Joshy úlysyn músylman qylghan han edi. Sonyng atymenen barsha Joshy úlysy ózbek atanghan edi. Áilqayyr han ólgen song taghy birtalay ózbek qazaqqa kelip qosyldy. Bir bólegi Ábilqayyr nәsilinen Barush Oghlar degenning qasynda bolyp edi. Ol 1472 jyly óltirilgen son, birtalaygha sheyin bassyz qaldy.

1499 jyly jogharghy Ábilqayyr hannyng nemeresi Shahbahyt Shaybany degen han (bizding qazaqsha Shaybaq han) qasyna kóp ózbekti hәm qazaqtan da jiyp alyp, Maurenahar, yaghny Samarqand handyghymenen soghys bastady. Onan 1450 jyldan keyin Shaghatay nәsili Ferghana menen Maurenahardy biylep túr edi. Qalaly ghúmyrdy jaqsy kórip, kóshpeli halyqtaryn qalmaq shapqanyna bolysa almaushy edi. 1508 jyly Shaybaq Maurenahardy alyp, Tashkentte túrghan shaghatay nәsilinen Mahmudhan menen kóshpeli halyqty biylegen inisi Ahmethandy - ekeuin de óltirdi. Hansyz qalghan Shaghatay elderi jәne qazaqqa qosyldy. Búl elderding qazaqqa qosylghan uaqytynda halqy bek kóp boldy. Sol kezde qazaqqa Áz Jәnibek hannyng Qasym degen balasy han edi. Sonda Qasym han qol astynda bir millionday halyq bar edi.