Bolashaqqa baghdar: ekonomika, tehnologiya, adamy kapital
Songhy jeti jylda Qazaqstanda enbek naryghy, ghylym, bilim beru jәne әleumettik infraqúrylym qatar damydy. Búl ýderisterdi tútas qarastyrghanda ortaq baghyt aiqyn kórinedi: endigi mindet mýmkindikter auqymyn keneytumen ghana shektelmey, olardyng sapasyn arttyrugha negizdeledi. Ekonomika ýshin búl túraqty әri ónimdi júmys oryndary, ghylym ýshin jana tehnologiyalar men praktikalyq әzirlemeler, al әleumettik sala ýshin bilimge, densaulyqqa jәne adam damuyna salynatyn investisiyalar.
Negizgi kórsetkishterding biri - júmyspen qamtu. 2019-2025 jyldary elimizde 3,6 mln-nan astam jana júmys orny qúryldy. Onyng 2,4 milliony túraqty júmys oryndary. Tek 2025 jyldyng ózinde 564,2 myng jana júmys orny ashylyp, olardyng 64%-y túraqty sipatqa ie boldy. 2026 jyldyng ekinshi toqsanynda ekonomikada júmyspen qamtylghandar sany 9,4 mln adamgha jetip, bir jylda 79,2 myng adamgha artty.
Búl rette kelesi kezende basty nazar tek júmys oryndarynyng sanyna emes, olardyng sapasyna audarylady. Enbekaqy dengeyi, enbek ónimdiligi, kәsiby ósu mýmkindigi, sonday-aq óndeu ónerkәsibi, qúrylys, auyl sharuashylyghy jәne kólik salalaryndaghy túraqty júmyspen qamtudy keneytu manyzdy. Múnday salalar qosylghan qún qalyptastyryp, jana óndiristik tizbekterding damuyna mýmkindik beredi.
Tehnologiyalyq damu ghylymmen tikeley baylanysty. Jeti jylda ghylymiy-zertteu jәne tәjiriybelik-konstruktorlyq júmystargha júmsalatyn ishki shyghyndar 72,2 mlrd tengeden 261,5 mlrd tengege deyin ósip, 3,6 ese artty. Al 2020-2025 jyldary búl kórsetkish 89 mlrd tengeden 261,5 mlrd tengege deyin úlghaydy.
Endigi basty mәsele - salynghan qarajattyng naqty nәtiyjege ainaluy. Ghylymdy damytudyng kelesi kezeni qarjylandyru kólemin arttyrumen ghana emes, zertteulerdi naqty tehnologiyalargha, әzirlemelerge jәne ekonomikagha qajetti sheshimderge ainaldyrumen baylanysty. Ghylym men óndiristing baylanysyn kýsheytip, jas mamandardy naqty zertteu jobalaryna tartu manyzdy. Ghylymy zertteuler enbek ónimdiligin arttyrudyn, jana óndirister qúrudyng jәne importtyq tehnologiyalargha tәueldilikti tómendetuding negizi retinde qarastyrylady.
Úzaq merzimdi damudyng taghy bir manyzdy negizi - bilim beru. Songhy jeti jylda memleket 655 680 bilim grantyn bólip, oghan jalpy 1,5 trln tenge baghyttady. Osy kezende studentterding bazalyq stiypendiyasy shamamen 2,5 ese ósip, 2019 jylghy 20 949 tengeden 52 myng tengeden astam mólsherge jetti. Magistranttardyng stiypendiyasy 117 myng tengeden asady, al doktoranttargha 262,5 myng tenge tólenedi.
Joghary bilim infraqúrylymy da keneyip keledi. Jeti jylda 66 104 oryngha arnalghan 267 studenttik jataqhana ashyldy. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde jataqhana oryndarynyng tapshylyghy 82 mynnan 5,2 myngha deyin qysqardy. Sonymen birge Qazaqstanda sheteldik joghary oqu oryndarynyng 33 filialy júmys isteydi.
Adamy kapitalgha investisiya mektepten bastalady. 2019 jyldan beri Qazaqstanda 1,1 mln oqushy ornyna arnalghan 1301 mektep salyndy. Nәtiyjesinde ýsh auysymdy mektepter sany 5 ese, apatty mektepter sany 2 ese, al jalpy oqushy ornynyng tapshylyghy 4 ese azaydy.
«Keleshek mektepteri» últtyq jobasy ayasynda 460 myng oqushy ornyna arnalghan jana formattaghy 217 mektep salyndy. Olarda STEM-zerthanalar, robototehnika jәne informatika kabiynetteri, zamanauy pәndik kabiynetter, shygharmashylyq jәne sporttyq kenistikter qarastyrylghan.
Adamy kapital tek bilimmen shektelmeydi. Onyng manyzdy qúramdas bóligi - halyq densaulyghy. Songhy jeti jylda elimizde 1 259 densaulyq saqtau nysany paydalanugha berildi. Auyldyq densaulyq saqtaudy janghyrtu ayasynda alghashqy medisinalyq-sanitariyalyq kómek kórsetetin 655 nysan salyndy. 200-den astam auyl alghash ret óz medisinalyq mekemesine ie bolyp, shamamen 1 mln auyl túrghyny medisinalyq kómekti túrghylyqty jerine jaqyn jerden alu mýmkindigine qol jetkizdi.
Osylaysha, Qazaqstannyng damu baghyty jekelegen salalardyng ósuimen ghana emes, olardyng ózara baylanysymen aiqyndalady. Jana júmys oryndary bilikti kadrlardy qajet etedi, zamanauy óndiristerge jana tehnologiyalar kerek, tehnologiyalyq damu myqty ghylymgha sýienedi, al múnyng barlyghy qoljetimdi bilim beru men densaulyq saqtau jýiesinsiz mýmkin emes.
Kelesi kezende nәtiyje salynghan qarajattyng nemese salynghan nysandardyng kólemimen ghana ólshenbeydi. Negizgi kórsetkish jana júmys oryndarynyng qanshalyqty ónimdi bolatynyna, ghylymy zertteulerding ekonomikagha qanshalyqty qajet ekenine, bilim beru jýiesining enbek naryghynyng súranysyna qanshalyqty sәikes keletinine jәne әleumettik infraqúrylymnyng azamattar ýshin naqty qoljetimdi boluyna baylanysty bolady.