Darviyn, Uels, Spenserlerden beri ghylym joly adamzat barsha «tuatyn, óletin» zatpen bir túqymdas deydi. Adamzat eki ayaqty sóileytin sózdi, úyatty bolyp ózge qalghan hayuannan airylady.

Osy 20 ghasyr basynda ýkimet mújyqqa dýre saludy jol qylyp shygharmaq bolghanda adam balasynan ozghan, kýn joghalmasa aty joyylmaytyn Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy «Russkie vedomostiy» gazetasyna hat jazyp jariya qyldy. Sol Tolstoy jazghan hattyng aty «Úyat» edi. Osy hat atyn ózge sózge audarsaq, maghynasy mynau: Biz adam emes pe edik? Úyat bizding belgimiz emes pe edi? Osy jalghyz belgiden airylyp, ana tórt ayaghyna syiynghan atalarymyzdyng aulyna qaytqanymyz ba?

19 ghasyrdyng ayaghynda birneshe adamdardy ýkimet asyp óltirmek bolghanda orys filosofy Vladimir Soloviev júrt jiyp sóiledi. Adam balasyn asyp óltiru hristian jolynan tysqary dep. Osyny jariya qylyp aittyng dep, ýkimet V.Solovievti Peterburgten aidady. V.Soloviev qylghan isi, ghúmyryndaghy minezi, L.N. Tolstoy men G.N.Potaninde ghana bar. Osy Soloviev filosofiya jolynda Darviyn, Spenserge qarsy edi. Búlargha aitatyn dәleli: «Hayuanda úyat joq, adam úyatty», – dep. Fransiya jazushysy Zolya «Adam hayuan» dep roman jazdy. Adam balasynyng sóleket isin hayuandyqpen qyldynyng mysaly qylyp. Mine, kózimiz kórdi Balqan soghysyn. Múnda bolghan isterdi hayuandyqqa qaytarmay úghynyp bilu qiyn emes pe? Tolstoy, Potaniyn, Soloviev bizdi qansha joghary tartsa da, biz tyrysyp shygha qashqan týiedey, tórt ayaqtynyng aulyna qashyp jatyrmyz-au deymin.

Orysqa gazeta, jurnal shygharyp jol ashqan A.N.Radiyshev (1749-1802) abaqtygha jabylyp, on jyl Sibirge aidalghan. Osy Radiyshev zamandasy, taghy orysqa gazeta, jurnal shygharyp, Europa jolyn ashqan N.IY.Novikov Shlisseliburg degen abaqtysynda 15 jyl otyrghan.

Bauyrym Ahmet, Miryakub*! Sen ekeuinning abaqtyng Radiyshev pen Novikov abaqtysy.
Orys jazushysy M.IY.Saltykovtyng «Týzulik pen shoshqa» atty maqalasy bar. «Týzulik! Sen bar deysin, ras pa, men kórmegen kýndi sen qaydan kórdin» dep, shoshqa týzulikti baltyrdan alghan. Sonda týzulik aitqan: «Shoshqa, seni qúday jaratqanda joghary qaratpay jaratqan, sen kýndi osy sebepten kórmeysin», – depti. Sen ekeuing isti kýnde kóretin júrtqa atqaryp túrsyndar ghoy, baltyrdy basqagha berinder.

18 ghasyrda «aqyl patshasy» atanghan Voliter edi. Osy Voliter, zamandasy Tolstoygha neshe jol kórsetken fransuz Russo, taghy osy ekeuining zamandasy filosof Didro abaqtyda jatqan. Osy Didro qatyn patsha Ekaterina ekinshimen hat alysyp, patsha Didrodan kóp aqyl alghan. Bizding Rossiyada abaqtygha jatpaghan jaqsy adam kem. Jazushy Dostoevskiy, Potaniyn, Korolenko, Melichiyn, Chernyshevskiy. Morozov abaqtyda jatqan. Bәrin jazyp bolmaydy. Saltykov, Gersen, Pushkiyn, Lermontov, Turgenovtar aidalghan.

Týrkiyada halyqty qatargha qosamyn dep sarbazdar abaqtygha jabylghan, aidalghan. Búrynghy Madhat pashalar 1883 jyly aidauda jýrgende ólgen, osy kýngi Ahmed Riza hәm basqalary da abaqtyda jatqan. Shyraqtarym, senderdi minegende osylarmen bir salyp minese ne armandaryng bar?

1910 jyly opat boldy G. Duma chleni V.A.Karaulov. Búl tórt jyl Shlisseliburg abaqtysynda otyryp, ghúmyrynsha Sibirge aidalghan edi. 1910 jyly jazghytúry 3. G. Duma din qúrdastyghy turaly zakon jobasy qaraldy. Sonda Karaulov dokladchik din bәri qúrdas, dinge bostandyq, qúday joly adam kókireginde, búghan eshkimning talasy joq dep, jýriske salghanda G.Dumanyng ong jaghynan bir deputat «kotorojniyk» dep hayuandyq qylyp Karaulovtyng betinen aldy. Osy nadandyq, әdepsizdik qylghan deputat bir pop edi. Qazaqshagha tәrjime qylsam – qajy D-gha isi úqsaydy. Sonda Karaulov aitty: «men abaqtyda otyrdym, aidaldym. Mine, senderding G.Dumada otyrghandaryn, osy men atqarghan isting ayaghy. Men búghan maqtanamyn», – dep. Osy Karaulovtyng popqa bergen jauaby beyitinde tasqa jazuly. Karaulov ólgende 3 Duma Ufa guberniyasynan deputat molla Toqaev jas әiel balasyna ústatyp gýl әkeldi. Dosekeng búghan ne aitar?

Qajy D. Ay! Osy Karaulov, Potaninmen bir qos bolmay, senimen bir jýrip dozaqqa keteyin be? Jaqyngha qas qylghan Qabyl men Iudanyng qayda ekeni belgili edi, búlargha da bir atshy kerek qoy, jolyng bolsyn.

H.A. – jaqsy Napoleon jauynger patsha bolghan song soghysta dúshpandardyng syryn biluge Shuliman atty bir ataqty shpion (tynshy) ústap edi. Napoleon bergen qazynagha әbden toyyp, Shuliman jaqsy adam sapyna kirmek boldy. Napoleonnan aq sýiektikke jol ashatyn pochetnyy legion ordenin súrady. Sonda Napoleon aitqan: «Sendey kisiligi joq onbaghangha qazyna bersem de, orden bermeymin», – dep. Múny Shuliman balalarynyng qúlaghyna salghanym.

Q.B.

Búl maqala 1914 jyly 16-nauryzda «Qazaq» gazetining №57 sanynda jaryq kórgen. L.N.Tolstoy, A.S.Pushkiyn, M.iy.Lermontov, G.N.Potaniyn, t.b. ómirlerinen derekter berilgen.

Ahmet, Miryakub* — A. Baytúrsynov pen M. Dulatov — «Ekpin»

Derekkóz: Ekpin

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