(Almaty oblysy әkimderining nazaryna)

1990 jyldyng qarashasynda Taldyqorghan oblysy Kenesi tóraghasynyng (býgingi oblys әkimining qyzmeti) orynbasary Gýlsha Tәnirbergenovagha kirdim. Ol meni Tóragha Saghynbek Túrsynovqa apardy. Sәkene aldaghy 1991 jyly qazaqtyng Bas Qolbasshysy Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tughanyna 300 jyl tolatynyn, osy datany oblys júrtshylyghy bolyp atap ótsek degen úsynys aittym. Nesin jasyrayyn, ishimde senimsizdik bar edi.

Kenes ýkimetinde, KPSS basqaryp túrghan memlekette Halyq Qaharmandaryna arnalyp múnday shara eshuaqta, esh jerde ótken emes. Alayda Cәkeng últjandy, qazaqtyng kez-kelgen sharuasyn ilgeriletuge qamqor azamat. Sengenim de osy qasiyeti. Bir aptadan song Taldyqorghan oblysynda «1991 jyl Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr jәne Halyq Qaharmandary jyly bolyp belgilensin» degen oblys basshysy S.Túrsynovtyng qaulysy shyqty. Jedeldete is jospar jasaldy. 1991 jylghy qantarda, Darabozdyng tughan aiynda, Respublikalyq aqyndar aitysy ótkiziledi, mamyrda «Jetisu tarihy men mәdeniyeti» degen taqyrypta Ghylymiy-tәjiriybelik konferensiya úiymdastyrylyp, oghan Qazaqstannyng jetekshi tarihshy jәne әdebiyetshi ghalymdary shaqyrylady, tamyzda Ýigentas jaylauynda Memleket qayratkerlerining qatysuymen Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrgha As beriledi dep sheshildi.

Osylaysha qazaq dalasynda songhy jetpis jylda bolmaghan asa ýlken sharua qolgha alyndy. Qúdaygha tәuba, barlyghy oidaghyday atqaryldy. Aqyndar aitysyna Respublikanyng sol tústaghy eng tandauly aityskerleri týgel qatysty. Bas bәige Qonysbay Ábilovke tapsyryldy. Osy aitys ýstinde «Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr» Qory qúrylyp, júrtshylyq meni birauyzdan Tóraghalyqqa saylady.

Ghalymdardyng basqosuy eki kýnge sozyldy. Qorytyndy toy Ýigentasta ótip, oghan 1300 kiyiz ýy tigildi. Ózbekәli Jәnibekov bastaghan el aghalary aitystan bastap, Han Batyr Asynyng sonyna deyin týgel qatysty. Beynetaspagha aghalarymyzdyng myna sózderi týsipti. Ózekeng kózindegi jasyn jasyrmay:

- Búl kýnge de jettik! - depti.

Túrsynbek Kәkishev:

- Men biylghy barlyq Asqa qatystym. Osylardyng arasynan Qabanbay batyrdyng Asy jinalghan qonaqtardyng dengeyi, úiymdastyryluy, auqymy, manyzy, tigilgen kiyiz ýilerding qarasy jaghynan kósh ilgeri túr.

Ánuar Álimjanov:       

- Búl As bizding kýtkenimizden әldeqayda asyp ketti. Mine, ýsh kýn, jaylau tórinde demalyp, marqayyp túrmyz. Ata-baba ruhy dem berip, kýsh-quat aldyq. Jetisu júrtyna myng alghys! - degen-di.

Jogharyda aitylghan, mamyrda ótken ghalymdar bas qosuynan QR GhA Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy Tarih jәne etnologiya Inistituty, Taldyqorghan oblysynyng Kenesi (ol kezde býgingi әkimshilik osylay atalatyn) jәne I.Jansýgirov atyndaghy Taldyqorghan Pedagogika Inistituty birlese otyryp, «Jetisu tarihy men mәdeniyetti» atty eki tomdyq kitap bastyrdy. Búl da sol tústaghy eleng etkizgen janalyq-tyn. «Qazaqfilim» kinostudiyasy «Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr» atty dokumentalidi tolyq metrajdy kino shyghardy. Búlar qalyng qazaq ortasyna jol tartyp, Babamyzdyng ghúmyry, erlik dastanynan bәrimiz susyndadyq.

Kýni býginge deyin aitylmay kelgen bir ýlken qúpiya jәne bar. Ýigentastaghy Asqa sanauly kýn qalghanda Respublika basshysy Núrsúltan Nazarbaev qatysady degendi Saghynbek Túrsynov eki-ýsheuimizge jeke aitty. Sol merzimde Resey basshysy B.Elisin Qazaqstangha resmy saparmen kelui josparlanypty. Meymangha qazaq Asy kórsetiledi. Ángime syrtqa shyghyp ketpeuin qatang eskertti. Múny úmytyp ta ketippin, jaqynda dastarhan ýstinde Saghynbek Túrsynov auyzgha aldy. Kelisim boyynsha Núrsúltan Nazarbaev meymanymen Astyng ýstine úshyp keledi. Batagha qatysyp, Astan song Almatygha oralady.

Biraq Ýigentasqa qonghan tikúshaqtan Respublika basshysy týspedi. Sebebin keyin bildik. Naq sol kýni Mәskeude, el arasynda byqy-shyqy atalghan, GKChP býligi bastalyp, býkil SSSR alasapyrangha úrynypty. Ózbekәli Jәnibekov aghamyz da, Saghynbek Túrsynov ta búl jóninde tis jarmady. Alaman bәige, paluandar sayysy, qyz quu, aqyndar aitysy, As tamasha ótti. Jiyrma bes jorgha mingen jigitting jiyrma bes astau et alyp, taypang qaqqyza jiyrma bes auylgha tartqany qanday keremet kórinis!

Ótken oqighalardy taratyp jazyp otyrghan sebebim bar. Birinshiden, aragha týsken shiyrek ghasyr uaqyt sol kezdi azdap bolsa da úmyttyrghan shyghar. Ekinshiden, ol tústa etqyzumen angharmaghan ekenbiz.      Barlyq shara ótip, qorytyndy shygharghanda Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tikeley úrpaghy, Bayjigit shejireshisi Qapshyrbay Ospanúly bir qateligimizdi eskertti. Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng dýnie esigin ashqan merzimi  turaly dastandarda:

«...Qantarda tughan eken sheshesinen,

Ýlgi alyp, batyrlyqtyng esesinen...» degen aqpar beriledi. Qantardyng juan ortasy eken. Qazaqtyng kóne ay qayyruy boyynsha taghy da on ýsh kýn qosylady. Endeshe, qantardyng 27-28-29-dary boluy mýmkin. Biraq, biz, qazaqtyng Jana jylynyng nauyryzda kiretinin esten shygharyp alyppyz. Orys kýntizbesining shiyryna ilesip ketippiz. Demek, Han Batyr kelesi jylghy qantarda 300-ge tolghan bolyp shyghady. Baspasózde qatemizdi moyyndap, birneshe maqala jazdyq, keshirim ótindik. Búdan kópshilik qúlaghdar.

Odan beri Qazaq dalasy Tәuelsiz El ataldy. Óz tizginimiz – óz qolymyzda. Osy uaqyt aralyghynda Qabanbay batyr turaly qazaq halqynyng Úly túlghalarynyng pikirlerin el jadyna jattady. Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdy tóbege alghash kótergen qazaqtyng Úly Atalyghy Búhar jyrau edi. Jyrau baba:

«...Qarakerey Qabanbay,

Qanjyghaly Bógenbay,

Shaqshaqúly Jәnibek,

Qaz dauysty Qazybek...» dep sol tústaghy Eltútqalarymyzdyng basynda Darabozdy atap, әr qaysysyn óz ornyna qoydy. Ýisinning Sarshuash jyrauy artyna «O, Qabanbay, kózelim» atty dastan qaldyrypty. Myna dýniyede qas qaghym ghúmyry qalghan Qabanbay batyrdyng basyn sýiep otyryp aitqany. Jyrau Han Batyrdyng bar erligin shoghyrlandyra kelip, óz tústastarynan oq boyy ozdyrady. Al, Mәshhýr Jýsip Kópey әulie «...Qazaqta Qarakerey Qabanbayday batyr bolghan emes...» dep kesip sóileydi. Búl babalarymyz Qabanbay batyrdyng tuma-tuystary emes. Tipti, últy basqa Qúrbanghaly Halidy «Tauarih hamsa» («Bes elding tarihy) atty enbeginde jonghar shapqynshylyghy kezindegi halyq arasynan shyqqan batyrlardyng qaharmandyghyna tang qalady. Abylaydy da batyrlar qataryna qosyp, tizimdey kelip «...Osy batyrlardyng arasynan halyqtyng alqauyna erekshe bólengen Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr edi» dep týiindeydi.

Songhy onshaqty jyldyng kóleminde Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng 1758, 1762 jylghy qytay-qazaq kelisimderinde Qazaq Memleketining atynan sóz ústaghany naqtylandy. Abylay bastaghan osy kelisimderding nәtiyjesinde, tiyimsizdeu bolsa da, shekara belgilendi. Alash balasy soghyssyz, alansyz tirshiligin bastady. Sol tústaghy Han Batyrdyng diplomatiyalyq róli endi baghalanyp, zerttelude. Búl sharuagha óskemendik ghalymdar ýlken ýles qosuda.

Qarakerey Qabanbay  batyrdyng atty qolymen bolghan 1757 jylghy qaqtyghys qytaylardyng mandayyn tasqa soqty. Dala soghysynan júrday qytay atty әskerge sharasyz ekenin tanytty. Jiyrma eki myng ot qaruly sherikpen kelgen Fu De general qazan aiynda silikpesi shyqqan segiz myng әskerimen joqty syltau etip, keyin qaytty. Qabanbay batyrdyng qoly dalalyq soghys taktikasyn әbden iygergen, jarau atty bir týmen-on myng edi. Fu De Beyjinge mynaday bir aqpar joldapty «Soghysta óltirilgen 300 qazaqtyng sol jaq qúlaqtaryn jipke tizip ótkizip jiberdim...» Qabanbay qolynyng shyghyny osynday sekildi. Alayda qytaydyng sol jaq qúlaghynan qazaqtyng sol jaq qúlaghynyng ne aiyrmashylyghy bar eken? Sol, óz qúlaqtary-au!  Qazaqtyng qaruy – nayza, sadaq, shoqpar-tyn. Qytay kelisimge keluge mәjbýrlendi. Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr órekpigen qytaydyng tauyn shaqty.

1770 jyldargha qaray qazaq pen orystyng arasynda Keden mәselesi kóterildi. Qytaymen, oryspen shekarasyn belgilep alghan Qazaq Memleketi endi memlekettik kýrdeli Inistituttardy qúru mәselesin sheshudi qolgha ala bastaghan. Alghashqy orys-qazaq Keden mәselesi Semeyde ótti. Múnda da qazaq tarapynyng negizgi bir sózin Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr ústady. Edige Uәlihanov búl túrghysynda egjey-tegjeyli jazyp ketti. Arnayy toqtalmayyq. Aytylar bir ghana tarihy fakt – Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng túsynda, 1770 jylgha deyin, Qazaq Memleketin orys ta, qytay da tanydy. Tanyghany sol emes pe, keden orny, alym-salyghy belgilendi. Óz ishimizden shyqqan shúbar jylandar men Reseyding kókezuleri auzyna kelgenin kókimes búryn, tariyhqa bir ýnilsin. Qazaq Memleketi de, shekarasy da boldy. Qara jerde memleket qúrghan eshkim joq. Búl - búltartpas tarihy fakt.

Osynday Úly túlgha – Qazaq Memleketining Úly Qayratkeri, Bas Sardary-Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tughanyna keler jyly 325 jyl tolady. Aytuly data. Osyghan oray ótkende Taldyqorghangha soghyp, Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng 325 jyldyghyna qanday dayyndyqtar jasalyp jatqanyn súrastyrdym. Oblys әkimshiliginin, Ishki sayasat bólimindegi, mәdeniyet, til, radio-televiydenie manyndaghy ózim tanityn azamattarmen tildestim. Ókinishke oray, keler jyly oblysta ótetin sharalar arasynan qazaqtyng Qarakerey Qabanbay batyryna arnalghan bir sharuany eshqaysysy atap bere almady. Jútap qaldym. Jýrek auyrdy.

Keler jyly múnan ózge de sharualar bar. Olardy da aqyryndap suyrtpaqtadym. Jigitter bәrinen beyhabar. Uaqytynda olardy da jaza jatarmyz.

Kýndelikti kense tirshiligi adamdy mezi etedi. Jan-jaghyna moyyn búru qiyn. Múny týsinemin. Biraq, aldaghy jylgha jasalatyn jospardyng maqsaty da osy alasapyrannan arylu, últ mýddesine qajetti josparlardy iriktep alu emes pe. Jyldyq jospar, әdette, oblystyng әleumettik salasynyng barlyq tarmaqtaryn qamtidy jәne ol júrtshylyqpen kenese otyryp jasalatyn. Áriyne, Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr syndy Úly Túlghanyng sharuasyna kirisu jauapkershilikti, tabandylyqty, bilimdilikti talap etedi. Álde, Almaty oblysynda múnday mamandar qatary siyrek pe? Men biletin Jetisu Memlekettik Uniyversiytetinde asa bilikti, óz salasynyng ozyq ghalymdary bolatyn. Tәrizi, olargha eshkim qozghau salmaghan.

Ana jyldary Almaty oblysy qazaqtyng Ánuar Álimjanovynyng 80 jyldyq mereytoyyn uaqytyly ótkize almay kýlki bolyp, Respublika júrtshylyghynyng renishin tughyzghan. Halyqtyn, Jazushylar Odaghynyn, Ghabbas Qabyshev aqsaqaldyn, professor Kәken Hamzanyng mәseleni suytpay oqtyn-oqtyn kóterip otyruy ghana Ánuar Álimjanovtyng mereytoyyn eki jyl keshiktirse de, atap ótuge mәjbýrlegen. Osy kelensizdikke Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tughanyna 325 jyl tolatyn jyly jol beruge bolmaydy. Bizding býgingi Tәuelsizdigimiz, Últ bolyp qalyptasuymyz, Tuymyzdy kóterip, Eltanbany aishyqtap jýruimiz Jaratushy IYemiz әuliyeligin bergen Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr syndy Babalarymyzdyng arqasy, solardyng janqiyarlyghy. Endeshe, Úly Babalarymyzdyng әrqaysysyna Qazaq Memleketining tarihyndaghy ornyna, túlghasyna layyq qúrmet kórsetu býgingi úrpaqtyn, Almaty oblysy basshylyghynyng mindeti. Men bir rudyn, jeke taypanyng namysyn jyrtyp otyrghan joqpyn. Qazaqtyng Bas Qolbasshysy, Abylay «Daraboz» dep basyna kótergen, halqy «Kókirek әuliye» dep aspandata әspettegen, qara basy hangha tenelip «Han Batyr» atalghan, Ózbekәli Jәnibekov aghamyzdyng kuәligi boyynsha Týrkistanda Han saylanyp, aq kiyizge kóterilgen Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng keler jylghy mýshel jasyn atap ótuding qamyna kirisuding uaqyty jetkenin eskertip otyrmyn.

Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng alda kele jatqyn 325 jyldyq mereytoyyn atap ótu ýshin Almaty oblysynyng basshylary keshendi jospar jasap, әr basqarma ózine tiyesili sharua atqarady dep ýmittenemin. 1991 jylghy Ghylymiy-tanymdylyq koferensiyadan beri jiyrma bes jyl ótti. Qazaq tarihynan bizge beymәlim talay-talay sony derekter ashyldy, tipti, qanshama falisifikasiyagha úryndyq. Tәube, qúldyq sanadan arylamyz degen talpynys bar. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde Jetisudy mekendegen kóne Kók Týrik júrtynyng tarihyna janasha kózqaras qalyptasa bastady. Mine, osy jayttardyng basyn qosar ghylymy otyrys qajet.

Mәskeu qylqyndyryp túrghanda seng búzyp, Ata-baba aruaghyn alghash kótergen Jetisudyng batyr  júrty edi. Osy ýrdis ýzilmese kerek. Al, iske sәt, aghayyn! Ata-baba aruaghy qoldasyn!

Kamal Ábdirahman,

«Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr» Qorynyng tóraghasy,

Jetisudyng qart jornalshysy

Abai.kz