Senbi, 23 Qarasha 2024
Anyq 9411 0 pikir 12 Jeltoqsan, 2018 saghat 10:14

Industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq saladaghy elimizding eleuli jetistikteri

Qazaqstan tәuelsizdik alghan kýnderden bastap ýdemeli industriyalandyrugha baghyt aldy. Osy uaqyt aralyghynda elimizde mynnan astam jana joghary tehnologiyalyq óndirister ashyldy, olar elimizde búghan deyin shygharylmaghan jana ónimderding jýzdegen týrlerining óndiriluine jәne jýz myndaghan júmys oryndarynyng ashyluyna sebep boldy.

«Industriyalandyru kýnine» arnalghan jalpyúlttyq telekópirding jalghasy retinde, QR Investisiyalar jәne damu ministrligining derekterine sәikes Qazaqstannyng industriyalyq sayasatyn iske asyru barysy turaly sholu materialy әzirlendi.

Álemning top-50 ekonomikasyna qosylu

Tәuelsizdik jyldary Qazaqstanda ekonomikany janghyrtudyng birneshe kezeni jýrgizildi. Qazaqstandy janghyrtudyng birinshi kezeni — josparly ekonomikadan naryqtyq ekonomikagha kóshken kezde jana memleketting qúryluy. 1991 jyldan bastap 1997 jylgha deyingi aralyqta Qazaqstannyng jýrip ótken joly birinshi janghyrtu jyldary sanalady. Osynday qysqa uaqyt aralyghynda Qazaqstan sayasi, ekonomikalyq jýielerin, respublikanyng memlekettiligin damytyp, nyghayta týsti, halyqaralyq alanda tanyla bastady.

1996–2012 jyldar — Ekinshi ýdemeli janghyrtu kezeni dep atalady. Ekinshi janghyrtu «Qazaqstan–2030» strategiyasynyng qabyldanyp, jana elorda Astananyng qúryluymen bastau aldy. Strategiya 1997 jyly jariyalandy. Ýlken tarihy jәne sayasy manyzgha ie atalghan qújat Qazaqstangha industriyalyq strategiyany әzirleuding qajettigi mәselesin kóterdi: óndiristerdi әrtaraptandyru men eleuli sheteldik investisiyalardy tartu esebinen túraqty ekonomikalyq ósimge qol jetkizu. Elimiz ekonomikalyq artta qalu aimaghynan shyghyp, әlemning 50 bәsekege qabiletti ekonomikalarynyng qataryna qosyldy.

2003 jyly Qazaqstannyng industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq damu strategiyasy qabyldandy. Elimizde industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq infraqúrylymnyng birqatar mamandandyrylghan instituttary qúryldy, atap aitsaq — «Últtyq qor», «Qazaqstannyng damu banki», «Qazaqstannyng investisiyalyq qory», «Últtyq innovasiyalyq qor».

Kәsipkerlik qyzmetti yntalandyrugha jәne jana óndiris oryndaryn ashugha basymdyq berildi.

2009 jylghy mamyrda Preziydent N. Nazarbaev ýdemeli industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq damudyng besjyldyghynyng bastalghany turaly jariyalady. Qazaqstan shiykizattyq damudyng ornyna belsendi sheshimder jolyn tandady. Óndeu ónerkәsibi investisiyalar ýshin asa tartymdy bola bastady. 2010 jyldan bastap óndeu sektoryna $26 mlrd astam investisiya salyndy. Tikeley sheteldik investisiyalardyng әrbir bes dollary derlik óndeu salasyna tiyesili.

Býgingi tanda Qazaqstan ónimderi 112 elge eksporttalady. 5,5 trln tenge somasyna 1080 joba engizildi, 101 myng túraqty júmys oryndary ashyldy. Otyn-energetika resurstaryn paydalanudyng tiyimdiligi arta týsti. Industriyalandyru jyldary Qazaqstan ekonomikasynyng energiya syiymdylyghy 15% astamgha tómendedi.

Industriyalyq modelidi negizge alu Qazaqstangha әlemdik resessiyanyng jana tolqynyna tótep beruge mýmkindik berdi. Qazaqstan algha úmtylystyng arqasynda JIÓ ýsh esege juyq úlghaytty (2009 jylghy dengeyden — 17-den 46,9 trln tengege deyin), ónerkәsip 2 eseden astamgha ósti (9,1-den 19 trln tengege deyin), óndeu ónerkәsibi 2,7 esege artty (2,9-dan 8 trln tengege deyin), әreket etushi kәsiporyndardyng sany 188,8-den 236,1 myng birlikke ósti, innovasiyalyq ónimder óndirisi bes esege úlghaydy (82,6-dan 445,8 mlrd tengege deyin).

Ýshinshi janghyrtu 2015 jyly bastau aldy. Dәl osy kezde Núrsúltan Nazarbaev «Bes institusionaldyq reformany» úsyndy. Elbasy «Qazaqstannyng ýshinshi janghyruy: jahandyq bәsekege qabilettilik» Qazaqstan halqyna joldauynda búl janghyru — qazirgi jahandyq syn-qaterlermen kýres jospary emes, bolashaqqa, «Qazaqstan-2050» strategiyasy maqsattaryna bastaytyn senimdi kópir bolmaq. Ol Últ jospary – «100 naqty qadam» bazasynda ótkiziledi jәne ekonomikanyng әlemdik ósimining orta dengeyden joghary qarqynyn qamtamasyz etuge jәne 30 ozyq elding qataryna qaray túraqty týrde ilgerileuge layyqtalghanyn atap kórsetken.

Industriyalandyru býginde: serpin jәne perspektivalar

2015 jyly 2019 jylgha deyin IIDMB iske asyru bastaldy. Baghdarlama — industriyalandyrudyng birinshi besjyldyghynyng qisyndy jalghasy jәne elimizding ekonomikalyq sayasatynyng bir bóligi. Baghdarlamanyng negizgi maqsaty — óndeu ónerkәsibining bәsekege qabilettiligin yntalandyru, enbek ónimdiligin arttyru jәne óndelgen tauarlar eksportynyng kólemin úlghaytu.

IIDMB-de 2019 jylgha deyin óndeu ónerkәsibindegi tórt maqsatty indikator qarastyrylghan: óndeu ónerkәsibindegi ónimder eksportynyng qúndyq kólemining ósimi, enbek ónimdiligining naqty ósimi, negizgi kapitalgha salynatyn investisiyalar kólemin arttyru jәne onyng energiya syiymdylyghyn tómendetu.

2017 jyl auqymdy institusionaldyq serpilis jyly boldy. Jana memlekettik baghdarlamalar, qoldau sharalary, naqty investisiyalyq sayasat payda bolyp, ónerkәsip tehnologiyalyq qayta jaraqtandyryldy, olar elimizding ýshinshi janghyrtu jolyn tiyimdi ótuine baghyttalghan. Adam resursyna basymdyq berildi: jappay kәsipkerlik jәne tiyimdi júmyspen qamtu — búl jýz myndaghan jana júmys orny jәne bәsekege qabiletti últ.

Industriyalandyrudyng ekinshi besjyldyghy ayaqtalugha jaqyn, qazirding ózinde Investisiyalar jәne damu ministrligi iske asyrylyp jatqan Baghdarlama algha qoyylghan maqsattargha tolyghymen say keletinin, túraqtylyqqa jәne óndeu sektory ósimining ong qarqynyna qolayly әser etetinine sendiredi.

IIDMB-dy 2018 jyldyng 11 aiynda iske asyrudyng qorytyndylaryn shyghara otyryp, ony iske asyrudyng negizgi baghyttaryn atap ótu qajet:

  • investisiyalar tartu;

  • eksportty ilgeriletu;

  • enbek ónimdiligin yntalandyru.

Investisiyalar tartu – manyzdy damu aspektisi

Investisiyalar jәne damu ministrliginde atap ótkendey, ekonomikagha tikeley sheteldik investisiyalardy tartu maqsatynda investisiyalyq sipattaghy týrli is-sharalar: biznes-forumdar, investisiyalyq konferensiyalar, iskerlik ortalarmen kezdesuler jýrgizilip jatyr.

Memleket basshysynyng shet elderge resmy saparlary ayasynda Memleke basshysynyng sheteldik taraptardyng biznes ortalarymen iskerlik kezdesuleri úiymdastyrlyp, ótkizildi. Osy saparlar ayasynda jalpy somasy $22 mlrd juyq bolatyn 114 ekijaqty kommersiyalyq qújattargha qol qoyyldy.

2018 jyldyng 11 aiynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha QR Investisiyalar jәne damu ministrligi elimizde 11 biznes-forum men shetelde 2 biznes-forum ótkizdi, olargha Ýkimettin, biznes ortalardyn, últtyq jәne transúlttyq kompaniyalardyng ókilderi qatysty.

Investisiyalyq mýmkingdikterdi tanystyru, investisiyalyq ahualdy jaqsartu boyynsha sharalar әzirleu jәne últtyq ekonomikanyng bәsekege qabilettiligin arttyru maqsatynda a.j. 3 shildesinde Astana qalasynda әlemdik asa iri kompaniyalardyng 600-den astam basshylarynyng qatysuymen halyqaralyq investisiyalyq forum ótti. Qatysushylardyng basym bóligi Qazaqstan ýshin basymdyqty bolatyn elderding kompaniyalar boldy: AQSh-tan — 43 kompaniya, Úlybritaniyadan — 60, Germaniyadan — 37, Fransiyadan — 28, Týrkiyadan — 60, BAÁ — 74, Qytaydan — 49, Reseyden — 30. Forum alanynda sheteldik investorlarmen ekijaqty kezdesuler ótkizilip, jalpy somasy $4,8 mlrd bolatyn 32 kelisimge qol qoyyldy.

Bәsekege qabiletti eksport — ekonomikanyng bәsekege qabilettiligining kórsetkishi

Sonymen qatar basty baghyttardyng biri — eksportty ilgeriletuge qoldau kórsetu. Arnayy qúrylghan «KazakhExport» ESK tek qana óndeu sektoryndaghy óndirushi eksportshylargha memlekettik qoldau sharalaryn (saqtandyru jәne tәuekelderdi qayta saqtandyru) kórsetedi.

2018 jyldyng 10 aiynyng ishinde «KazakhExport» ESK 40 otandyq eksportshygha qoldau kórsetilip, 237 eksporttyq kelisimshart sýiemeldendi, eksporttyq sauda 6,97 mlrd tengege qarjylandyryldy, eksportaldy qarjylandyru 4,6 mlrd tengeni qúrady, qabyldanghan mindettemelerding jalpy kólemi 44,6 mlrd tenge boldy.

2018 jyly Qazaqstannyng syrtqy sauda palatasynyng eksportshylardy servistik qoldau (qarjylyq emes) ayasynda 4 jeltoqsandaghy mәlimetter boyynsha 11 elde 15 sauda missiyasy, 4 elde 4 últtyq stend, 4 elde 7 jarnamalyq-prezentasiyalyq is-shara men 12 elde 27 beyindi kórmege qatysu úiymdastyryldy. Nәtiyjesinde jalpy somasy $457 mln-gha 68 kelisimshart jasaldy.

Enbek ónimdiligin yntalandyru

Búdan ózge, industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq qyzmet subektilerining enbek ónimdiligin arttyrugha baghyttalghan memlekettik qoldau kórsetiledi. Mәselen, býgingi tanda jalpy somasy 482,1 mln tengege 42 kәsiporynnyng shyghyndary óteldi, onyng ishinde:

  • «Kәsiporyn qúzyretin arttyru» tetigi boyynsha — 82,6 mln tenge somasyna 8 kәsiporyn;

  • «Tehnologiyalyq prosesterdi jetildiru» tetigi boyynsha — 210,2 mln tenge somasyna 26 kәsiporyn;

  • «Óndiristi úiymdastyru tiyimdiligin arttyru» tetigi boyynsha — 189,3 mln tenge somasyna 8 kәsiporyn.

IIDMB iske asyru ayasynda kәsiporyndargha jýieli qoldau sharalary kórsetiledi, jana óndirister iske qosyluda, júmys istep túrghan kәsiporyndar janghyrytylyp, keneytilude.

Býgingi tanda segiz jobada júmys istep túrghan óndiristerdi janghyrtu jәne keneytu jýrgizildi. Sonymen qatar, Industriyalandyru kartasy ayasynda engizilgen jobalardyng (100 joba) arqasynda 2018 j. 300 mynnan astam túraqty júmys oryndary qúrylghanyn aita ketken jón.

Óndeu ónerkәsibi — industriyalandyru drayveri

Industriyalandyru jyldary JIÓ qúrylymyndaghy óndeu ónerkәsibining ýlesi 0,8 p. t. (2009 j.10,9%-dan 2018 j. qantar-qyrkýiekte 11,7%-gha deyin); ónerkәsipte — 2,1 p. t. (2009 j. 35,6%-dan 2018 j. qantar-qazanda 37,7%-gha deyin); negizgi kapitalgha investisiyalarda – 11,1 p.t. (tiyisinshe, 8,2%-dan 19,3%-gha deyin); eksporttyng jalpy kóleminde tómendeu – 1,7 p.t. (2009 j. 27,8%-dan 2018 jyldyng qantar-tamyzynda 26,1%-gha deyin).

2018 j. qantar-qazanynda óndeu ónerkәsibi qúrylymynda eng kóp ýles salmaghy kelesi salalargha tiyesili boldy: metallurgiya (45,3%), mashina jasau (9,9%), tamaq ónimderi (14,9%), múnay óndeu (8,3%).

Atalghan kezende óndeu ónerkәsibining salalary boyynsha negizgi kapitalgha investisiyalardyng eng kóp ýlesin koks pen múnay óndeu ónimderi óndirisi (49%), metallurgiya (19,4%), tamaq ónimderi (8,8%), qúrylys materialdary (7,7%) aldy.

2018 j. qantar-tamyz ailarynda óndeu ónerkәsibining eksporty qúrylymynda ýlesining jartysynan kóbin metallurgiya (57,6%), múnay óndeu (14,8%), tamaq ónimderi (6,9%), qúrylys materialdary (1,3%) aldy.

2018 j. qantar-qazanynda óndeu ónerkәsibinde 8,5 trln tengege ónim óndirildi. Ótken jyldyng osy kezenimen salystyrghanda 5,4%-gha úlghany bayqaldy. Óndeu ónerkәsibining birqatar sektorlarynda ósim bayqaldy: metallurgiyada — 4,6%-gha, mashina jasauda — 14,2%-gha, himiyada — 8,5%-gha, múnay óndeude — 9,2%-gha, tamaq ónimderi óndirisinde — 2,8%-gha.

2018 jyldyng 9 aiynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha óndeu ónerkәsibinde ónim eksporty $11 476. 9 myndy qúrady, búl kórsetkishi $11 096 myng bolghan 2017 jyldyng osynda kezenimen salystyrghanda 3,4%-gha artyq. Atap aitqanda, metall (mys, aluminiy, metall prokaty, jartylay dayyn ónimder) jәne múnay ónimderi (múnay gazdary, múnay koksy jәne t.b.) eksporty artty. Tamaq ónimderinen súiyq may, alkogolisiz susyndar, balyq ónimderi, makaron ónimderi t.b. eksporty artqan.

Himiya salasynda tynaytqyshtar, polipropiylen eksporty úlghayghan, pestisidter men fosfinattar eksporty eki esege kóbeygen. Mashina jasau salasynda moyyntirekterdin, akkumulyatorlardyn, transformatorlardyn, kabeli jýrgizu ónimderinin, pulitterdin, paneliderdin, konsoldardyng jәne t.b. eksporty úlghayghan.

2018 jyldyng I jarty jyldyghynda óndeu ónerkәsibining enbek ónimdiligi $15,5 myn/adamdy qúrady.

2018 j. qantar-qazan ailarynda óndeu ónerkәsibining negizgi kapitalyna salynghan investisiyalar kólemi 1005 mlrd tengeni qúrap, ótken jyldyng osynday kezenimen salystyrghanda 32,2%-gha artqan. Ósim koks pen múnay óndeu ónimderining 1,5 esege, metallurgiya ónerkәsibining — 1,5 esege, tamaq ónimderining — 33,7%-gha artuy esebinen qamtamasyz etildi.

Ónerkәsipti jedeldetilgen sifrlandyru

Memleketting jalpyekonomikalyq sayasatynyng ózegi retinde, industriyalyq sayasat birinshi kezekte, ónerkәsiptik óndiristing innovasiyalyq qayta qúrudy jýrgizumen baylanysty boluy tiyis.

2017 j. tórtinshi ónerkәsiptik revolusiya elementterin qamtityn ónerkәsipti tehnologiyalyq qayta jaraqtandyru boyynsha sharalardy әzirleuge qatysty júmystar jýrgizildi.

Sifrlandyrudy jәne sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy belsendirek engizudi yntalandyrudy josparlaghan bizding kәsiporyndarymyzdy qoldau ýshin qajetti ekojýieni qúrugha baghyttalghan sharalar әzirlendi. Búl sharalar «Sifrlyq Qazaqstan» memlekettik baghdarlamasyna engizildi.

Negizgi jobalardyng biri júmys istep túrghan kәsiporyndardyng bazasynda modelidik sifrlyq fabrikalardy qúru bolyp tabylady. Osyghan baylanysty jeti kәsiporyn iriktelip, tehnologiyalyq diagnostika jýrgizu jәne sifrlandyru josparlaryn әzirleu ýshin Fraungofer atyndaghy institutpen júmys jalghastyryldy.

  • «Kentau transformator zauyty» AQ (mashina jasau)

  • «Evrazian fuds» AQ (tamaq ónerkәsibi)

  • «Himfarm» AQ (farmasevtika ónerkәsibi)

  • «AK Altynalmas» AQ (metallurgiya)

  • «Karlskrona» JShS (mashina jasau)

  • «Almaty Ventilyator Zauyty» JShS (mashina jasau)

  • «Bal Tekstili» JShS (jenil ónerkәsip).

Qazirgi kezde iriktelgen kәsiporyndargha tehnologiyalyq diagnostika jýrgizu jәne olarda sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy engizu boyynsha jol kartalaryn әzirleu júmystary ayaqtaldy.

Jalpy, sarapshylar 200-den astam shara úsyndy, әr kәsiporyn ýshin 20-dan 38 sharagha deyin qarastyrylghan, úsynylghan sharalardy talqylau ýshin kompaniyalarmen kezdesuler ótkizildi.

Sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy engizuden bolatyn manyzdy tiyimdilikting biri әsirese, qauipti óndiristerde ónerkәsiptik qauipsizdikti arttyru bolyp tabylady. Osyghan baylanysty tau-ken jәne geologiyalyq barlau júmystaryn jýrgizetin qauipti óndiristik nysandar ýshin ónerkәsiptik qauipsizdikti qamtamasyz etu Erejelerining jobasy әzirlendi, búl orayda óndiriste qauipsizdikti artyru ýshin sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy qoldanu eskerildi. Biyl jeltoqsan aiynda búl Erejeni QR IDM bekitetin bolady.

Ken óndiru sektorynda innovasiyalyq ózara is-qimyl ornatu ýshin «Ken óndiru 4.0» (óndiristik nysandarda otandyq jobalardy testileu jәne transferti) jobasy iske asyrylyp jatyr.

Býginde biznesti yntalandyru ýshin «Ónimdilik-2020» baghdarlamasy ayasynda ozyq sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy engizude industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq qyzmet subektilerine enbek ónimdiligin arttyrugha baghyttalghan memlekettik qoldau kórsetu Erejelerine tiyisti ózgerister engizildi. Negizgi janashyldyq Industriya 4.0 tehnologiyasyn engizu boyynsha shyghyndardyng ornyn toltyrugha basa kónil bólu boldy.

Sonymen qatar jýie qúraushy kәsiporyndardy sifrlandyru boyynsha jobalardy iske asyru júmystary jýrgizilip jatyr. 2025 j. deyin barlyghy 140,2 mlrd tenge somasyna 14 jobany iske asyru josparlanghan, olardy jýzege asyru tiyimdiligi 2025 j. deyin 239,8 mlrd tenge (JQQ) dengeyinde bolady dep kýtilip otyr. Onyng ishinde ótken jyly 3 joba iske asyryldy ( ERG — 2 joba, «Qazmyrysh» —1 joba).

Jergilikti jerlerde 2025 jylgha deyingi kezende iske asyrudyng týrli merzimderimen ónirlerding sifrlandyru josparlary әzirlenip jatyr. Úsynylghan aqparattan sifrlandyrudyng 143 jobasyn iske asyru shamalanghan (86 kәsiporyn), onyng 72 jobasy (49 kәsiporyn) 2018 jyly iske asyryluy tiyis.

Bәsekege qabilettilikti arttyru maqsatynda iri eksportqa baghdarlanghan otandyq kәsiporyndar ózderining óndiris oryndarynda tórtinshi ónerkәsiptik revolusiya tehnologiyalaryn engizuge kiristi. Mәselen:

  • «Maker» JShS (Qaraghandy oblysy) óndiristi zamanauy robottandyrylghan jabdyqpen jәne keshendi baghdarlamalyq qamsyzdandyrylumen janghyrtty. Ekonomikalyq әser — 2018 jyly 8,9 mlrd tg jәne kelesi jyly 11,2 mlrd tg.

  • «Prommashkomplekt» JShS (Pavlodar oblysy) týrli stanoktargha detalidardy ornatumen jәne qoymagha dayyn detalidardy jetkizumen ainalysatyn robottandyrylghan manipulyatorlardy qoldanady. Ekonomikalyq әser — shygharylatyn ónimder nomenklaturasyn 2,35 ese úlghaytu, eksporttyq ónim kólemin 9,68 ese úlghaytu.

Jalpy, ónerkәsipting «Industriya 4.0»-ge kóshuin yntalandyru boyynsha qabyldanyp jatqan sharalar sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy engizgen iri jәne orta kәsiporyndardyng ýlesin 2022 jylgha qaray 11% deyin úlghaytugha, sifrlyq tehnologiyalardyng әserin qosa eseptegende enbek ónimdiligining 39,8%-gha (2016 jyldan) ósiruge, tau-ken óndirisi sektorynda shamamen 30 mln tg jәne óndeu ónerkәsibinde 48,9% arttyrugha (13,9 mln tg) yqpal etetinin atap ótken jón.

Industriyalandyrudyng jana baghdarlamasy: janghyrtudan qarapayym zattar ekonomikasyna deyin

Osy jyldyng 4 jeltoqsanynda Premier-Ministrding tóraghalyghymen ótken Ýkimet otyrysynda Memleket basshysynyng «Qazaqstandyqtardyng әl-auqatynynyng ósui: tabys pen túrmys sapasyn arttyru» Joldauynyng ayasynda berilgen tapsyrmalaryna sәikes әzirlengen Industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq damudyng 2020–2025 jyldargha arnalghan memlekettik baghdarlamasynyng tújyrymdamasy qaralyp, maqúldandy.

Tújyrymdama «qarapayym zattar ekonomikasyn» damytu, ishki naryqty otandyq tauarlarmen toltyru, óndeu ónerkәsibindegi eksportshylardy qoldau, sheteldik investisiyalardy qosa alghanda, jeke investisiyalardy tartu arqyly iri, ýzdik jobalardy iske asyru tәrizdi baghyttardy qamtidy. Alayda 2025 jylgha deyingi Strategiyalyq damu josparymen sabaqtastyq qamtamasyz etilip, negizgi bastamalar men qaghidalar eskerilgen.

QR IDM aqparatyna sәikes, Tújyrymdamanyng negizgi erejeleri men tәsilderi «Atameken» ÚKP jәne salalyq qauymdastyqtardyng qatysuymen әzirlendi. Mәselen, 2018 j. qazan aiynda Tújyrymdama jobasy Ekonomika jónindegi sarapshylyq kenes otyrysynda qaralyp, tolyq maqúldandy. Sonymen qatar, Tújyrymdama boyynsha negizgi tәsilder Qazaqstan Respublikasy Parlamenti Mәjilisining deputattaryna tanystyryldy.

QR IDM aqparatyna sәikes, jalpy industriyalyq sayasat sabaqtastyqty qamtamasyz etip, óndeu ónerkәsibin damytugha baghyttalatyn bolady. Qoldanystaghy infraqúrylymdyq jәne institusionaldyq negiz barynsha paydalanylady.

Ýshinshi industriyalandyru baghdarlamasynyng Tújyrymdamasy tәsilderining negizine óndeu ónerkәsibining odan әri sapaly ósimi men túraqty bәsekege qabilettiligin arttyru ýshin negizgi syn-tegerurinder alynghan: negizgi kapitalgha salynatyn investisiyalar aghynynyng jetkiliksizdigi, kәsiporyndardyng syny massasy qúrylmauy, shygharylatyn ónimning «kýrdeliliginin» tómen boluy.

Industriyalyq-innovasiyalyq sayasattyng maqsaty – búl ishki jәne syrtqy naryqtarda óndeu ónerkәsibining bәsekege qabilettiligin yntalandyru. Osy maqsatqa jetu ýsh mindetti sheshu arqyly qamtamasyz etiledi:

  1. Industriyalandyrudy terendetu. Mindet kәsiporyndardyng tiyimdiligin arttyrugha, ishki naryqty otandyq tauarlarmen qamtamasyz etuge, kəsiporyndardy ósu nýktelerine útymdy ornalastyrugha jәne óndirushi kәsiporyndardyng bәsekege qabiletti pulyn qúrugha baghyttalghan.

  2. Syrtqy naryqtarda súranysqa ie bolghan, óndelgen tauarlardyng óndiris kólemin, nomenklaturasyn jәne kýrdeliligin arttyru. Búl eksporttaushylardyng mindeti.

  3. Ónerkәsiptik quattardy úlghaytu. Búl mindet jana óndiristi iygerudi yntalandyru, transúlttyq kompaniyalardyng jәne sheteldik investorlardyng qatysuymen kapital syiymdylyghy joghary óndiristerdi ashu jәne óndeu ónerkәsip oryndaryna qajetti shiykizat beru arqyly sheshiletin bolady.

Algha qoyghan mindetter men tapsyrmalardy oryndau ýshin QR IDM industrialdy-innovasiyalyq damudyng 5 baghytyn úsynady.

  1. EAEO ayasynda syrtqy saudadaghy kedergilerdi jonggha, Qytay, Ortalyq jәne Ontýstik Aziya naryghyna shyghu, sonday-aq ishki naryqty útymdy qorghaugha baghyttalghan belsendi sauda sayasatyn jýrgizu.

  2. Ósu nýktelerinde mamandandyrylghan óndiristik faktorlardy qúru. Bar kýsh joghary sapaly industrialdy, sandyq jәne sertifikattalghan infraqúrylymdy, adamy kapitaldy, qúzyrettilik ortalyqtarynyng damuyna baghyttalatyn bolady.

  3. Shiykizatty bólu men investorlar ýshin tartymdy jaghday jasauda memleketting mýmkindikterin paydalana otyryp, jana kapital men ghylym endirisin qúru.

  4. Ishki jәne syrtqy naryqtardaghy tiyimdi kәsiporyndardy tikeley qoldau. Tiyimdilik ishki jәne syrtqy naryqtarda túraqty bәsekelestikke qabilettiligimen ólshenetin bolady.

  5. Ýilestiru prosesin dәl baptau arqyly industriyaldy-innovasiyalyq qoldau jýiesining tiyimdiligin arttyru, industriyalandyru sayasatyn baqylau jәne qarjylandyru.

Ýshinshi industriyalandyru baghdarlamasy aldynghy eki besjyldyqtardan erekshelenetin bolady. Birinshiden, salalyq basymdyqtan óndeushi ónerkәsipting barlyq salalarynda tiyimdi óndirushilerdi qoldaugha mәn beriledi. Ekinshiden, kýsh-jiger jana ónimderdi damytugha, qoldanystaghy ónimderding nomenklaturasyn keneytuge baghyttalatyn bolady, onyng ishinde halyq tútynatyn tauarlar da bar. Ýshinshiden, biznesting naqty nәtiyjelerge qol jetkizu (janghyrtu, eksporttyng ósui jәne t.b.) mindettemesine aiyrbas retinde tikeley qoldau kórsetiletin bolady. Tórtinshiden, salany «sifrlyq dәuirge» dayyndau ayasynda qajetti infraqúrylym men standarttar qúrylady.

Sonday-aq, tengerimdi damu modeline negizdelgen kәsiporyndardy qoldau júmysy jalghasady. Kәsibin endi bastaghan kәsiporynnan tabysty júmys istep jatqandaryna deyin damuynyng barlyq kezenderinde jan-jaqty qoldau alady. Bolashaqta kәsiporyndardyng ýsh tobyna nazar audarylmaq.

Birinshisi «Quatty tyl» toby — búl óndkushi ónerkәsip kәsiporyndary, olardyng arqasynda tútynu tauarlaryn qosa alghandaghy otandyq ónimderding kólemi, assortiymenti,artyp, bolashaq eksporttaushylardyng puly qúrylady.

Ekinshi top — «Bәsekege qabiletti óndirushiler». Búl júmys istep jýrgen eksporttaushylar, olardyng mindetteri: nomenklaturany keneytu jәne eksporttyq qorjynnyng kýrdeliligin arttyru.

Ýshinshi top «Auyrlyq ortasy» — búl topta negizgi salalardaghy, sonday-aq transúlttyq kompaniyalar men sheteldik investorlar qatysatyn iri, kapitaldy qajet etetin jobalar bar. Olardyng esebinen ónekәsiptik jartylay fabrikattardyng jana týrlerining óndirisi iygerilip, qajetti shiykizatty beriletin bolady.

Ýshinshi Industriyalandyru baghdarlamasynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha óndeu ónerkәsibindegi negizgi kórsetkishterge qol jetkizu josparlanyp otyr. Olardyng ishinde negizgi kapitalgha salynghan investisiyalardyng naqty ósui 2 esege, enbek ónimdiligining naqty ósui 1,7 ese, óndelgen tauarlar eksporty 2,3 esege, Ekonomikalyq kýrdelilikting indeksining 55 oryngha deyin kóterilui, 1000 adamgha shaqqandaghy belsendi kәsiporyndar sanynyng artuy, ekonomikalyq belsendi halyq sanynyng 2,3 esege artuy kózdelip otyr.

Investisiyalar jәne damu ministrligi Ýshinshi Industriyalandyru baghdarlamasynyng Tújyrymdamasynda aitylghan tәsilder ekonomikadaghy qosylghan qúndy odan әri úlghaytu jónindegi júmysty kýsheytip, óndirilgen tauar qorjynyn kýrdelendirip, syrtqy naryqta onyng qatysuyn keneytedi dep sanaydy.

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