Qazaqta «altau ala bolsa auyzdaghy ketedi, tórteu týgel bolsa tóbedegi keledi» degen ataly sóz bar. Tóbedegini alatyn tórteu qaysy?

Eldi ústap túratyn patsha, ghalym, bay, taqua. Búl tórt top óz mindetin jaqsy atqarsa tóbedegi keledi.

Ál-Faraby babamyz «Qayyrymdy qala» enbeginde: adamdar tek baqytty bolu ýshin ómir sýredi, soghan belgili kezenderde jetedi. Ol ýshin kóp bolyp, baqytqa úmtyludy ortagha qoyady. Adamdar bir-birine әser etedi. Ómir sýretin orta jangha jayly bolghanda, aqyldy orta, aqyldy adam, aqyldy úrpaq, aqyldy túrghyn, aqyldy qala qalyptasady, sonda ghana baqytty ómir bastalady deydi. Memleketting ruhyn- adamgershilik, qayyrymdylyq, әdilettilik, shynayylyq, túraqtylyq, izgilik kóteredi. Ruhany qúndylyqtar ghana bir eldi saqtay alady. Qoghamnyng beriktigi, túraqtylyghy, kýshtiligi imandylyqtan keledi. Sonda ghana qayyrymdy da aqyldy qala qúrugha bolatynyn aitady oishyl.

El basshysy deni sau, parasatty, sabyrly, eske saqtau qabileti joghary, aqyldy, qyraghy, batyl, meyirimdi, әdil, jan-jaqtyly bilimdi bolu kerek. Jan tazalyghy, ar tazalyghy, býkil adamgha, óz halqyna degen taza mahabbaty, dinine, salt-dәstýrine, ghylym men bilimge degen qúrmeti boluy kerek.

Ámir iyelerine patshadan tartyp, eki adamdy basqaratyn kishkene mәnsaptygha deyin jatady. Osy top bir elding baqytty-baqytsyz boluyna tikeley yqpal jasaydy. Olar elding baqtashysy, shyn janashyry. Halyqpen etene baylanysta boluy shart. Alladan qorqatyn basshy baqytty jaratady. Basshy bolu degen mamyq kreslogha jayghasu, baylyqqa belsheden batu emes, kerisinshe el jýgin, halyq amanatyn, últ taghdyryn moynyna alu degen sóz. Ámir iyeleri әdil de meyirimdi bolyp, ar-úyat, obal-sauap degendi bilip, kisi aqysyn jemese, qogham tynysh, el múnsyz bolady.

Ekinshi top ol - ghalym. Ghalym keme kapitany siyaqty, keme sonyng baghdar beruimen jýredi, bastyq adam dúrys ghalymdy tyndasa qatelespeydi. Ghalym barlyq ghylymnyng iyesi. Tarihi, filosofiya, әdebiyet osy toptyng qolymen jazylady. Osynyng ishindegi sayasy tarih basty orynda túrady. Búrynda búl topqa ghalym, biy-sheshender jatsa, býginde ghalym, jazushy, aqyn, múghalim, zanger, pesiholog, jurnalist jatady. Búl top qay zamanda da adam janyn emdegen. Búlar laylansa, onda «et sasysa túz sebedi, túz sasysa ne sebedinin» ózi bolady. Búl toptyng qolynda qoghamnyng kózge kórinbeytin bir jinishke jibi bar. Sondyqtan olargha dýniyege, saltanatqa, mәnsapqa, ataqqa qúmarlyq jaraspaydy. Últtyq mýdde, halyq iygiligi jolynda jýrgen adam kókiregi oyau, minezi dúrys, shydamdy, qayratty, batyl boluy qajet. Naghyz ziyaly adam ózin últynyng qyzmetshisi sanaydy.

«Ziyaly adam óz zamanynda imandylyghy, diny bilimi, qabileti, tәrbiyesi, adamgershilik qasiyetteri arqyly adamzatqa, últyna, dini men diline dúrys qyzmet etip, úrpaqqa izgiligi mol isterin qaldyra bilse, adamzattyq kenistiktegi túlghalyqqa qol jetkizbek»,- deydi últ oishyly Ál-Farabiy.

Ýshinshi top - baylar. Baylar bolmasa barlyq óndiris toqtaydy, alyp zauyttar, qaptaghan sauda dýkender, dәmi til ýiirgen tamaq jaylar, kónil ashar klubtar, attam jerdegi janar may beketteri, jep-ishken san týrli azyq-týlikti kim dayyndaydy, kedeylerge kim júmys beredi, әriyne, kedey bolmasa da baydyng júmysy jýrmeydi. Sheber Jaratushy baymen kedeydi bir-birine bólinbeytin etip, qogham tepe-tendigin saqtaydy. Kez kelgen kedey baydyng bergen enbekaqysyn taghy kóbirek berse eken dep, ishtey bolsada dәmetedi, mine sondyqtan Islamda bay zeket, sadaqa beru arqyly kedeyding qalghan aqysyn óteydi. Qoghamda bay men kedeyding arasynda meyirimdilik payda bolady. Bay jomart jәne aqyldy, qúdaydan qorqatyn, kishpeyil bolsa qogham baqytty bolady, barlyq kýna tәkappar, ashkóz, qyzghanshaqtyqtan tuyndaydy, bay osylardan alys bolsa qoy ýstine boz torghay júmyrtqalaydy, bolmasa kerisinshe bolsa qogham qara týnekke ainalady (Alla saqtasyn). Qazaq dalasynda baylar býgingi  holdingter siyaqty ainalasynaghy adamdargha júmys berip, әleumettik qajetin sheship otyrghan. Sondyqtan da qazaqtan ol kezde jetim-jesir, qayrshy shyqpaghan, týrme bolmaghan. Sonymen birge baylar enbek aqysyn tolyq berip, molda-qoja ústap, auyly ballaryn oqytqan. Demek, últtyng aghartushylyq júmysyda solardyng moynynda bolghan.

Tәuelsizdikten song elimizde deldal (tәueldi) burjuaziya, paraziyt(masyl) burjuaziya qalyptasty. Songhy jyldarda últtyq burjuaziya payda boldy, solar ghana otan ýshin júmys jasauda, biraq óte az. Deldal burjuaziya men masyl burjuaziya da últtyq mýddege júmys jasasa, elimizding erteni núrly bolyp, keleshek úrpaq mәngilik elde ómir sýrer edi.

Tórtinshi top - taqular. Qasiyet­ti Qúrannyng A‘RAF sý­re­si­ning 96-ayatynda: «Eger sol qalalardyng (el­di-me­ken­der­din) halqy iyman kel­ti­rip, taqualyq jasap, Allagha qarsy ke­lu­den saqtanghanda, әriy­ne, biz olar ýshin jer men kók­te­gi be­re­ket qaqpalaryn ashyp, mol­shy­lyqta ómir sýr­gi­zer edik». (7:96)

BAQARA sý­re­si­ning 194-ayatynda: «Allagha qarsy ke­lu­den saqtanyp, taqua bo­lyndar, Alla taqualarmen әrdayym bir­ge». (2:194)

HUJU­RAT sý­re­si­ning 13-ayatynda: «Alla bә­rin kó­rip túr. Alla aldynda eng ardaqty bolghandaryng búl dý­niyede taqua bolghandaryn. Alla shek­siz bil­gir, bә­ri­nen habardar».(49:13)

ÁLI-IIY­RAN sý­re­si­ning 102-ayatynda: «Ey mú­sylmandar, Alla jo­lynda óle-ól­gen­she shynayy taqua bo­lyp, iymanmen jan tapsy­ryndar». (3:102)

HUD sý­re­si­ning 49-ayatynda: «Sen­der sabyr qy­lyndar. Rasynda aqyr­ghy esep­te tabys taqualardi­ki. Eng ke­re­met je­nis Alladan shynayy qo­ryqqan taqualarda». (11:49)

Mine Qúranda osylay madaqtalatyn taqualardyng qúrmetine Alla taghala elge tynyshtyq, bereke beredi. Bir eldi mekende auyr kýnәlar jasalyp, Alla Taghala zaual jibereyin degende sol jerdegi bir kishkene bala Qúrandy oqy bastaghanda Jaratushy týgeldey keshiredi. El men jer ýshin týngi úiqysyn qiyp, kóz jasyn kóldetip, dúgha jasap otyrghan taqualar elimizding kózge kórinbeytin eng negizgi tiregi. Barlyq nәrse Alla qalasa ghana bolady. Tórteudi ruhany túrghydan taldasaq:  Diny jәne sharighy ýkimderding taraghan negizderi tórteu:1. Qúran. 2. Sýnnet. 3. Ijmaghy ýmmet(Mýjtәhitterding bir mәsele boyynsha ortaq kelisimi). 4.Qiyasy Fuqaha. (bir mәselening ýkimi bolmasa, ony ýkimi bar basqa, óte úqsas mәselemen salystyru arqyly ýkim shygharu).

                                                     ***

Altaudy ruhany túrghydan taldasaq: Imannyng 6 sharty menzelgen.

Allanyng jartaqan kez-kelgen, jandy-jansyz zattarynan Jaratushyny tanuymyz kerek. Ghalym bir shymshym tabighy topyraq jasay ala ma? Japondar robot siyr jasap, tek shópting sólin syghyp almady ma? Kim kishkene qara qúmyrsqanyng bireuin qoldan jasap, jan sala alady, jansyz júmyrtqadan jandy balapandy kim shyghara alady.....  mine búl Allany barlyq kezde, barlyq jerde tany aluymyz «tauhiyt» bolyp sanalady. Osy kezde adamnyng altauy ala bolmay birigedi, imannyng alty sharty payda bolady. Barlyq әlemning jaratushysy bir Alla taghala jәne Payghambarymyz Múhammed Mústafa(s.a.u) onyng elshisi әri qúly ekenine, perishtelerge, kitaptargha, payghambarlargha, ólimnen song tiriluding haq ekenine, aqyret kýnine, taghdyrgha jәne jaqsylyq pen jamandyqtyng Alla taghalanyng jaratuymen bolatynyna senim qalyptasady. Osy alty shart oryndalghanda, Islam ózdiginen payda bolady, ol shahadat kәlima aitu, namaz oqu, oraza ústau, zeket beru, qajylyqqa baru.

Imandy qorghau ýshin myng alty qorghan kerek: 1. Paryzdar.2. Uәjipter. 3.Sýnnetter. 4. Mýstәhaptar. 5. Mәndýpter. 6. Nәpilder.

Dýnie kózimen altaudy taldasaq: Bir ghasyrda qatar ómir sýretin Ata, әke, bala atalmysh altaudyng ýsheui, búlar tatu bolsa otbasy berekeli, qút qonghan, Qyzyr daryghan salih әuletke ainalady. Endigi ýsheui bir atadan taraghan jeti tuys, qúda (jegjat), naghashy(jiyen) yntymaqty bolsa auyldyng syrtynan at ýrketin, kie qonghan elge ainalamyz. Qazaqtyng Tóle bii 13 jasynda qary bolghan. Ánet baba Búhar baryp medreseden on ýsh pәndi ýzdik tәmamdaghan. Osynday qazaq «altau men tórteudi» jәy aitpasa kerekti.

Núrhalyq Abdyraqyn

Abai.kz