Qadirli oqyrman qauym! Sizdermen bólispekshi bolyp otyrghan oiym «Ontýstik Qazaqstan» gazetinde (10 qyrkýiek 2011) jaryq kórgen material negizinde Qoja Ahmet Iasauy ilimi jәne qoghamymyzdaghy diny mәseleler retinde oryn alyp otyrghan jәitter tónireginde bolmaq. Asylbek myrza «Ismatulla men Qúrbanәli neni kókseydi» degen kólemdi maqalasynda mening atymdy ataudy da úmytpapty. Maqalada ón boyyna jalghan mәlimetter, jala oryn alghan. Meni bolashaqta pir bolady dep qauiptenetindigin de qosypty. Men zertteushi ghanamyn.

Qúrmetti oqyrman, Abaydyng «...bas basyna by bolghan ónsheng qiqym» degenindey kópshilikke mәlim, diny tanym men diny bilim beru, ózara qúrmet turaly týsinikting qalyptaspauy da qoghamymyzdaghy dindarlardyng bas basyna mufty boluyna әkelip soghuda. Diny tanymdyq negizderi men ústanymdary әrtýrli top ókilderi tek ózderining jolyn «aq», al ózgening ghibadaty men diny sezimin tómen sanap qorlau beleng alyp bara jatyr. Dәstýrli diny týsinik pen býgingi diny tirshilikting arasynda sabaqtastyq pen súhbat joq. Yaghny músylmandar arasynda týsinistik kem. Sonyng saldarynan qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining negizin qalaghan Iasauy babamyzdyng atyna qúrmet bylay túrsyn min taghyla bastady. Búghan eng aldymen, Iasauiydi týsine almauymyz, býgingi «Iasauy jolyndamyz» dep jýrgenderding de ony óz dәrejesinde nasihattay almauy basty sebep boluda.

Qadirli oqyrman qauym! Sizdermen bólispekshi bolyp otyrghan oiym «Ontýstik Qazaqstan» gazetinde (10 qyrkýiek 2011) jaryq kórgen material negizinde Qoja Ahmet Iasauy ilimi jәne qoghamymyzdaghy diny mәseleler retinde oryn alyp otyrghan jәitter tónireginde bolmaq. Asylbek myrza «Ismatulla men Qúrbanәli neni kókseydi» degen kólemdi maqalasynda mening atymdy ataudy da úmytpapty. Maqalada ón boyyna jalghan mәlimetter, jala oryn alghan. Meni bolashaqta pir bolady dep qauiptenetindigin de qosypty. Men zertteushi ghanamyn.

Qúrmetti oqyrman, Abaydyng «...bas basyna by bolghan ónsheng qiqym» degenindey kópshilikke mәlim, diny tanym men diny bilim beru, ózara qúrmet turaly týsinikting qalyptaspauy da qoghamymyzdaghy dindarlardyng bas basyna mufty boluyna әkelip soghuda. Diny tanymdyq negizderi men ústanymdary әrtýrli top ókilderi tek ózderining jolyn «aq», al ózgening ghibadaty men diny sezimin tómen sanap qorlau beleng alyp bara jatyr. Dәstýrli diny týsinik pen býgingi diny tirshilikting arasynda sabaqtastyq pen súhbat joq. Yaghny músylmandar arasynda týsinistik kem. Sonyng saldarynan qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining negizin qalaghan Iasauy babamyzdyng atyna qúrmet bylay túrsyn min taghyla bastady. Búghan eng aldymen, Iasauiydi týsine almauymyz, býgingi «Iasauy jolyndamyz» dep jýrgenderding de ony óz dәrejesinde nasihattay almauy basty sebep boluda.

Iasauy ilimi - sopylyq dýniyetanymgha negizdelgen. Basty ústanymy - ghashyqtyq, múraty - Alla. Gnoseologiyalyq qúrylymy Alla men adam (jýrek) arasyndaghy tylsymgha negizdelgen epistemiologiyalyq jýieden túrady. Búl ilim diny terminologiyada «hәl ilimi», batin (ishki ilim) nemese ladunny (teren) ilim dep atalady. Abay aitqan «tereng oi» osy Iasauy ilimining negizgi ústyny bolyp tabylatyn ishki (basirat) kózding ashyluyna negizdelgen. Búl ilim boyynsha mәnning mәni - Alla. Sondyqtan әlemnen forma emes, mәn izdeledi. Búl tolyghymen diny tanymdyq tendensiya. Iasauy iliminde basy artyq aqylgha syiymsyz shashau úghym joq. Birtútas gharysh, kosmos. Ýilesimdilik basty shart: Alla men adam, әlem men Qúran arasyndaghy ýndestik aiqyn. Iasauy ilimi - Qúran men Hadiske sýiengen - ar týzeytin ilim. «Mening hikmetterimning mәni Qúran» degen Iasauy Allagha da, sózine de, payghambaryna da mahabbatpen ýndesken. Biz ben sizge qalghany eng aldymen osy Iasauy ilimin týsinip alu.

Keshegi jetpis jyldyq dinsizdendiru jәne qúdaysyzdandyru sayasaty kezinde adam zatqa ainaldy. Materialdyq immanentizm sipatyndaghy jiyirkenishti oi, óre ýstemdik etti. Osynday syn sәtterde últtyghymyzdyng negizi Iasauiyding ruhy, ilimi, mәdeniyeti, joly, kesenesi jәne izbasarlarynyng shygharmalary arqyly saqtalsa, onyng tabighy jalghasy bolghan abaytanu, әuezovtanu, týrkitanu, iasauitanu siyaqty ghylym salalarynyng jandy tútyluy arqasynda ózining ómirshendigin tanytty. Al ókinishke oray, osy aqiqatty tәuelsiz elding «tәuelsiz azamattary» retinde sezine almay kelemiz!

Asylbek myrza Shyndyghyna kelsek, sufy úghymy payghambarymyz dәuiri kezinde jәne odan búryn da bolghan. Al osy úghymnyng ishki mәnin toltyrghan islam boldy. Sufiylik Qúranmen kóktep, damydy, tamyryn Qúrannan aldy. Árbir mәdeniyet bir jaghynan ózining qasiyetti kitabymen tikeley baylanysty. Batys mәdeniyetining negizinde Injil bolghany siyaqty islam mәdeniyetining negizinde Qúran bar. Islam filosofiyasy, mәdeniyeti men órkeniyetining eng manyzdy qyry bolyp tabylatyn sopylyqtyng negizgi irgetasy - Qúran. Sopylyq jolyndaghylar ýshin eng bastysy әri manyzdysy Qúran Kәrimning búiryghy, kórsetken joly men ýkimderi. Sondyqtan Qúran músylmandar ýshin mәni men manyzy, orny men roli birinshi orynda túratyn Allanyng sózi - kәlam (logos). Sopylyqtaghy Qúrannyng әseri de ózge islam ghylymdary siyaqty eng basty jәne eng manyzdy faktor bolyp qala beredi.

Filosofiya Tәnirding transsendentalidylyghyn basa kórsetip, eshnәrsening oghan úqsamaytyndyghyn eske salady. Dinimizding Shahadat kәlamy da - "ashhadu anna la ilaha illa Alla" yaghni, «Tәnirden basqa shynayy qúdaydyng joq ekenin» eskertedi. Nәtiyjede Tәnirden basqa kórkemdik, әsemdik te joq. Tәnirding ózin kórmesek te, jýregimizde mahabbat úyalatqan, ózin kórsetu ýshin tandaghan jaratylghan-kosmosta ony (Tәnirdi) kóre alamyz. Imam myrza Islam filosofiyasy tarihyn qayta oqyp shyqqanynyz abzal. Bolmystyng birligi tújyrymy Qúran negizinde týsindiriletindigin bile almay jýrseniz kimge ókpeleysiz.

Negizinen alghanda islamnyng moralidyq-etikalyq jelisi - sopylyqtyng ózegi. Sopylyqtyng irgetasy bolyp tabylatyn tәuba, zuhd, sabyr, shýkir, muhabbatullah, muhafatullah siyaqty әrbir músylmannyng kemeldigining sebebi, imannyng ainasy bolghan sipattarmen qosa, zikir-tәspiyh, tәuekel-tәsilim, tereng oi, ózin ózi baqylau (múraqaba), yqylas ispettes terminder men amaldar Qúrannyng negizgi jelisi, ózegi. Búl da sopylyqtyng qalyptasuynda Qúrannyng rólin kórsetetin eng manyzdy ústyndar. Búl aqiqatty músylman zertteushilerin qospaghanda syrtqy Batys zertteushileri de dóp basyp kórsetken. Sizding kórsetken sopylyq dertteushileri, mysaly, Nikolison "Qúranda sopylyqqa shynayy negiz bolatyn ayattar kóp" dese, Massinieon, Rojer Garaudy de "sopylyq hristian mistisizminen alynbaghan, neoplatonizmge negizdelmegen, Ýndi danalyghynan tuyndamaghan, sopylyqtyng kózi - Qúran" deydi. Hujuiry (470/1077) sopylyqty synaushylargha bylay deydi: "Eger olar, tek osy ataudy ghana joqqa shygharatyn bolsa, onda túrghan tandanarlyq eshtene joq. Al, eger olar sopylyqtyng ishki mәnin joqqa shygharsa, onda Hz.Payghambardyng (s.a.s.) sharighatyn tolyq, onyng barlyq kórkem minezi men ahlaqyn joqqa shygharady. Búl ýlken qate... " Shyndyghynda sufiyler, sopylyqty tútastay yqylas, aiqyn iman, Qúran men Sýnnet shenberinde qúdaylyq etikany iygeru, kórkem minezdi bolu retinde anyqtaghan. Sopy degenimiz qarapayym iman keltirushi adam emes ekendigin esten shygharmau kerek. Búl jolgha ekining biri týse almaydy. Al osy jolgha týsken jandy syrtqy kózben kórip, týsinu nemese týsindiru mýmkin emes, nemese qate. Olardyng maqsattary - qúdaylyq tanym (maghrifatullah) jәne Qúdaydyng rizalyghy.

Bizding dәstýrli diny tirshiligimizdegi oilau, joru jәne týsindiru formalary men ústanymdary sopylyq dýniyetanym negizinde qalyptasty. Maturidiyding «Tauilat-ul-Kuran» atty enbegi men «Tauil ústanymy» týrikterding ózindik týrkilik músylmandyq bolmysqa ie boluynda sunniylik jәne sopylyq tanymnyng qalyptasyp, damuyndaghy orny erekshe. Osy ústanym arqyly ózindik ilim qalyptastyrghan, músylmandyqty qabyldauymyzdyng teoriyalyq jәne praktikalyq negizin qalaghan Qoja Ahmet Iasauy jәne onyng mektebi bolatyn. Taghy da aita ketetin jәit, Iasauy ilimi barlyq týrki halyqtarynyng músylmandyghynyng ainasy. Ol tek qazaq músylmandyghynyng ghana negizi emes, qyrghyz, ózbek, týrkimen aghayyndardyng arasynda әli kýnge deyin hikmet dәstýri ýzilgen emes. Olar hikmetti jatqa aitudy dәstýrge ainaldyrghan. Hikmetti jatqa aitatyndardy hafyz (qazaqsha «abyz») deydi.

HV ghasyrda ómir sýrgen Haziny Osmanly patshasy, islam halifasy III. Múratqa Iasauiya tariqaty turaly kitap jazyp úsynady. Ol kitapta Iasauiydi «Súltany Týriktýr ol - Ahmady Saniy», yaghni, týrkilerding súltany (Ázireti Týrkistan) ekinshi Múhammed» retinde tanytady. Biraq, Iasauy ózin eshqashan ekinshi payghambarmyn demegen. Payghambardy tanytu, sýy, dәripteu, ony barlyq jaratylystyng birinshi sebebi retinde kórsetetin osy sopylyq dýniyetanym. Iasauy «Álemdi payghambardyng núrynan jaratylghanng dep dәriptedi. Týrkiler Iasauiydi payghambarymyzdy tanytqan, Allamyzdy tapqyzghan, dinimizdi ýiretken ústaz retinde pir tútady. Sondyqtan Iasauy joly islam prinsipterin osy topyraqta myqtap bekitken tarihy túlgha! Iasauy óz qandastaryna Allanyng payghambarymyz hz.Múhammedke jibergen dinin jayshy.

Asylbek myrza «Mәdiynede Múhammed, Týrkistanda Qoja Ahmet, Manqystauda pir Beket» degen tirkesten-aq, Iasauiydi halyq payghambardyng múrasyn jalghaushy dep tanidy. Anyzda da Iasauy Arystan bab arqyly Múhammed payghambardyng amanatyn tikeley jalghastyrushy retinde halyq sanasynan óshpes ornyn alghan. Búl islam dinining prinsiypin búzushylyq emes, kerisinshe islamdy jaidyng formasy. Sopylyqty mazhabpen, sektamen shatastyrmanyz.

Keshegi jetpis jyldyq qyspaqta, bodandyqta bolghan kezimizde, bizding tarihymyzdy zerttegen orys oriyentalisteri, ruhaniyatymyzdyng negizinde osy Iasauy ilimi men mәdeniyeti jatqandyghyn dóp basqan. Sóitip búlardyng arasyna iritki salu nemese tariqattar arasynda jikti kórsetu maqsatynda sufiylerdi olardyng zikirlerine qarap, «Lachiyler, Alahushylar, Aqúdayshyldar» dep bólgen. Lachiyler - Qyrghyzstandaghy, Allahshylar - Ózbekstandaghy, Aqúdayshylar - Qazaqstandaghy Iasauy jolyndaghylar. Siz de búlargha «zikirshiler» depsiz. Mal baghatyn adamgha malshy, siyrshy, jylqyshy, jýrgizushi dese bolady, óitkeni búlar kәsip, al zikir salu kәsip emes. Zikir salatyn adamgha sufi, dәruish deydi. Olar Iasauy hikmetterin Qúranmen qatar qúrmettese, múnda qorqatyn eshtene joq. Hikmet - Qúdaydan kelgen qút degen sóz. Qúranda «Hikmetti qalaghan adamyma beremin» delingen. Sondyqtan «mening hikmetterim Qúrannyng mәni» degendi teris týsindiruge tyrysu tyrnaq astynan kir izdeu. Iasauy hikmetteri Qúrannyng mәnin týsindirushi derek. Tafsir túrghysynan Qúrandy týsinuding eki jolynyng biri osy Iasauy tandaghan tauil әdisi. Iasauy Allanyng qúty daryghan - әuliye. Al әulie payghambar emes, ol payghambardy - kemel adam dep tanityn, ony ózine ýlgi tútatyn, soghan elikteytin mirasqory. Jalpy sopylyq tanym boyynsha «Diuany Hikmetti» týrikter «Daftary saniy», «Týrky Qúran» dep dәriptese, arabtar da Imam Ghazaliyding «Ihiau ulumuddiyn» degen enbegin «Qúrannyng kóshirmesing dese, parsylar Maulana Rumiyding «Masnaui» enbegin «Qúrannyng mәni» - degen. Sopylyq tanymdy týsine biletin  adamgha búl qiyndyq tudyrmaydy.

Iasauy iliminde zikir salu - bes paryzgha qarama-qarsy eshqashan qoyylmaydy. Iasauy iliminde sharighatsyz tariqatqa ótuge bolmaydy. Demek, bes paryzdy sufiyler eshqashan joqqa shygharmaydy. Zikir dep Allany eske alu, úmytpau әrdayym jýreginde sezinudi aitady. Ár deminde, әr hәlinde Allany eske alyp jýrgen adam bireuge qiyanat jasamaydy.  Yaghny haram iske barmaydy. Óitkeni Allany әrdayym esinde, jýreginde saqtaydy. Zikir salu - Allany úmytpaudyng әdisi. Adamgha arabsha - insan deydi. Etimologiyasy - «úmytshaqng degen sóz. Songhy payghambarymyzgha týsken Qúrannyng bir aty da «Zikrn, yaghni, Alla adamzatqa osy Zikr-Qúrandy aqiqatty, Allany úmytpauy ýshin týsirgen. Al Allany úmytqan adam dinnin, sharighattyng qaghidalary men kanondaryna pysqyryp ta qaramaydy.

Asylbek myrza óziniz «imam» bola túra әli kýnge mazhab pen tariqat arasyn aiyra almapsyz. Tariqattar da sol siz aitqan «әhlus-sunnә uәl-jamaghattynng ishinde. Zikir - Aughanstannan auyp kelmegen, ol keshegi kenestik zobalannyng ózinde de tirshiligin jalghastyryp kelgen bizding músylmandyghymyzdyng arqauy bolatyn. Zikir - ýzilgen joq. Býgin jandanyp otyr. Diny qúbylysqa bagha berip, ýkim aitu ýshin onyng tarihyn, ótken doktrinalyq, qúqyqtyq, sayasy jýiesin tútas әri ýzdiksiz sholyp ótu qajet. Siz aityp otyrghan zikir - sózdik maghynasynda dúrys bolghanymen, termindik maghynasy boyynsha syrtqy jәne ishki psihotehnikalyq, qúdaylyq tanymgha jetu jolyndaghy әdis retinde islam sopylyq dәstýrining negizgi úghymy. Al sopylyq islamnyng mәni, tarihy teren. Sondyqtan Asylbek molda, siz ben bizding býgin «әlhamdulillah, músylmanmyn» deuimizding alghyshartyn dayyndaghan, Allanyng payghambarymyzgha jibergen songhy dini islamdy týrk júrtyna jayghan sol Iasauy ilimi bolatyn. Islamda Qúrandy týsinuding tafsir jәne tauil degen eki joly bar ekendigin jogharyda aittym. Tauil Qúran ayattarynyng ishki-batiny mәnin týsindiredi. Abay da Qúrandy týsinude osy tauildi algha tartady. Búl negizinen diny tanymnyng ereksheligi, sufiylerding gnoseologiyalyq múratyna qatysty. Ókinishke oray, imamdarymyz әli kýnge deyin sauattary jaghynan aqsap jatyr. Din men qogham, din men mәdeniyet, din men tarih arasyndaghy baylanystardy jete mengere almauda.

«Zikirshiler»  Asylbek myrzanyng tújyrymy boyynsha Shәkәrim, Abay ólenderining iydeyalyq qúndylyqtaryn negizgi qaruy etip paydalana otyryp, zikirge kóbirek den qoyady eken. Múnda túrghan ne bar eken? Biz mәdeny múra baghdarlamasyn osy qazaqtyng balasy qajetine jaratsyn dep jasap jatqan joqpyz ba? Qazaq balasyna dinin ýirenui ýshin aldymen Abay men Shәkәrimdi ýirenui shart. Ekinshiden, Abayday, Shәkәrimdey, Iasauiydey danasy bar halyq ýshin ózgeden din ýirenuding qajeti shamaly. Býkil islam әleminde HIH ghasyr oishyldarynyng ishinde Abaydan ozyp túrghan eshkim joq. Nege qazaqtyng balasy Shәkәrim men Abaydyng múrasyn ózderine qaru qylmaydy eken.

Asylbek molda qazaqqa qaghbasyn, qúbylasyn, kórsetken jer Týrkistan, Iasauy babamyz ekenin úmytpaghaysyz! Ony moyyndau, moyyndamau erkinizde, eng bastysy sezinbeseniz de, solay ekenin bilip jýriniz! Sosyn Ghibadattyn  ne ýshin ekenin Alla Qúranda kórsetken, biraq qalay ghibadat jasau kerektigin payghambar ýiretken. Tereng oi, pikir etu - zikir -Allamen óz ruhynda ýndestikke jetu dәstýrin alghash salghan da sol payghambarymyz Múhammed (s.gh.s.) bolatyn. Búl turaly islamnyng «Tabaqat», «Siyar» kitaptarynan oqynyz.

Asylbek myrza, Qúrandy eger payghambar bolmasa eshkim týsindire almas edi. Qúrannyng birinshi mufassiyri (týsindirushisi) payghambar. Úghynu mәselesi Siz aitqanday onay emes. Týsinu dәrejesi de әrkelki oghan daua joq. Al qazaqqa kelsek, sol Qúrandy, hadisti Siz ben bizden búryn týsinuge tyrysqan Iasauy men Shәkәrimge jýginbegende kimge jýginedi? Búl qajettilik, tarihy túrghydan sabaqtastyqty, diny túrghydan úghynudy, mәdeny túrghydan qazaqtyq músylmandyqty týsinudi qamtamasyz etedi. Sosyn Shәkәrim men Abaydy qarama-qarsy qoydy qay oiynyzdan shygharyp otyrsyz?

Búl jerdegi Abaydyng sopylyqqa taghyp otyrghan syny jana syn emes, ol sonau tradisionalister men sopylar arasynda IH ghasyrdan beri kele jatqan syn. Abaydyng sopylyqty synauynda maqsat bar. Búl maqsatty Abay ózining uaqyty men kenistigindegi ahualdan alyp otyr. Abay ghana emes, jalpy Shyghys әlemi Batystyng tehnologiyasynan, ghylymynan artta qaludyng basty sebebi retinde islamnyng ruhy bolghan sopylyq dýniyetanymdy kórsetken bolatyn. Sebebi, Abaydyng dәuirinde sopylyq mәdeniyet әbden tozyghy jetip, ózining taza ruhynan alystap, kim kóringenning qúralyna ainalyp, din-qoghamdy ydyratudyng sayasatyna ainalghan bolatyn. Tariqattar sayasy biylik basyndaghy jekelegen han, súltandargha ghana qyzmet ete bastaghan. Sopylyq ózining adamdyq, moralidyq múrattarynan júrday bolghan edi. Búghan syrtqy missioner-oriyentalisterding de yqpaly kýshti boldy. Sopylyqty joqqa shygharu arqyly islamdyq tútastyqty ydyratu maqsat etildi.

Tarihtaghy Iasauy joly - din ishi tútastyqqa jәne dinder arasy tatulyq pen toleranttylyqqa shaqyrady. Búl joldyng ústyndyq negizi - sharighat, psihotehnikalyq jýiesi - tariqat, tanymdyq negizi - maghrifat jәne aqiqattan túrady. «Sharighatsyz tariqatqa, maghrifatsyz aqiqatqa ótuge bolmaydy», - deydi Iasaui. Iasauy ilimi boyynsha sharighat - Allanyng jaratqan baqshasynda qalay jýrudi úsynady. Alla adamgha aqyl, erik, qayrat beru arqyly synap, osy baqshany adaspay aralaghandargha jәnnetti nәsip etedi. Yaghni, sharighattyng múraty - jәnnat. Sol baqshanyng ishinde «gýl» bar. Ol gýldi tek qana Allanyng didaryn talap etkender ghana izdeydi. Qarapayym (imam) siz ben biz (ghalym) emes, búny tek Allagha ghashyq bolghandar qalap alady... Olar ýshin Allanyng júmaghy da, tozaghy da emes, Ózi kerek. Yaghny tariqattyng múraty Allanyng didary. Sondyqtan da olardy «didar talap» deydi. Syngha tózgender ghana «syrgha qanyghady». Búl maghrifat satysy. Ol syr arqyly Alla turaly tanymgha, «núrgha» qol jetkizedi. Aqiqat satysynda Alla men adam arasyndaghy aqiqatqa kóz jetkizedi. Búl maqam Músa (s.gh.s.)maqamy: Qúranda «Men Seni (Allany) kórgim keledi» ayatyna negizdelgen. Mine, qarap otyrsanyz, Iasauy ilimi birinsiz biri bolmaytyn prosester men tútastyq teoriyasynan túrady. Osy әrbir satyda sufiyding iman dәrejesi de ósip otyrady. Birinshi sharighat maqamyndaghy imangha «imany bostan», tariqat maqamyndaghy imangha «imany gýl», maghrifat maqamyndaghy imangha «imany syr», haqiqat maqamyndaghy imangha «imany núr» delingen. Abaydyng da «imany gýl» kategoriyasy osy tariqat satysynyng imany. Onda adamdy sýi, Allanyng hikmetin sez! «Mahabbatpen jaratqan adamzatty, Sen de sýi, sol Allany jannan tәttin, dinine qaramastan adamzattyng bәrin bauyrym dep sýng kerektigi - osy Iasauy mәdeniyetinen kelgen.

Iasauy ilimi qazaq músylmandyghynyng negizi. Sondyqtan biz Iasauy jolyndaghy qazaq músylmandarymyz. Ony eshkimnen jasyra almaymyz. Iasauy joly fikhtyq jaghynan Imam aghzam Ábu Hanifanyn, aqaidtyq (doktrinalyq) jaghynan imam Maturudiyding ilimine negizdelgen, týrki halyqtary arasynda keng taraghan naghyz týrkilik mәdeniyetpen somdalghan dәstýrli músylmandyq týsinigimizding ainasy. Elbasy N.Á. Nazarbaevtyng «Iasauy bizding Konfusii» degen sózining artynda da osy sebepter jatyr. Iasauy ilimi Qazaqstandaghy dinishilik qana emes dinderaralyq tatulyq pen toleranttylyqtyng temirqazyghy. Ol ýshin Iasauy múrasyn óz dengeyi men dәrejesinde mengerip, soghan layyq bola aluymyz kerek. Qazaqtardy Iasauiydi sýiyge ony qúrmetteuge shaqyramyn. Óitkeni ózindi qúrmetteuding ústanymy osynda jatyr..

Qúrmetti oqyrman qauym! Qazirgi tanda din mәselesi әrbir qogham ókilin beyjay qoymaytynday dәrejede ózektiligin sezindire bastady. Búl qúbylys erteli-kesh bastaluy tiyis bolatyn. Songhy kezderde qazaq músylmandyq týsiniginin, oi-sanasynyng jýiesi men qalybyn, negizin qalaghan sopylyq turaly tolassyz jaryq kórgen maqalalar leginen oqyrman qauymynyng habardar ekendigi belgili. Búlar negizinen maqsatty, bir jaqty, sopylyqty yaghni, qazaqtyng ghasyrlar boyghy qalyptasqan diny tirshilik formasyna narazylyq, ony joygha ýndeu sipatynda jazyldy. Zikirshilerge qarap, zikirdi, sopylargha qarap sufizmdi joqqa shygharu mәselesi «bitke ókpelep tondy otqa jaghu» ekendigin bayqay almaytynday dәrejede diny tózimsizdik, óshpendilik siyaqty psihologiyalyq esepter birinshi oryngha shyghuda. Al negizinen qazaqqa óshpendilikten búryn aqyldy (rasional) tyndaugha beyimdeludi tarih atamyz әrbir tarihy ótkenimizden ghibrat retinde kózimizge kórsetse de «kórsoqyrlyq» degen nauqasymyz múrnymyzdyng úshynan shygha keletin boldy. Búlay etu - qazaq qoghamyn, últyn jikke bóledi. Elbasynyng dinaralyq, últaralyq birlik sayasatyna da, elimizding birtútastyghyna da qayshy әri sayasy jaghynan da qauipti. Syrtqy kýshter onsyzda osal tústarymyzdy andyp otyr. Sondyqtan basqa, basqa din mәselesi jóninde tuyndaghan súraqtardy tek onyng mamandary ghana jauaptandyryp, әrbir qúbylysty ghylymnyng elegimen saraptap otyrghanymyz abzal. Óitkeni, din, adamdaghy «meniki» dep tanylatyn bolmystyq jәne әleumettik anyqtalumen naqtylanudy kýsheytetin institut.

Negizinen, eng birinshi әrbir din zertteushisi diny senim - aqida jәne diny tanym arasyn ajyratyp kórsete bilu kerek. Diny senim bireu. Sondyqtan islam da bireu. Onyng birinshisi, ekinshisi joq. Al diny tanym kóp, sondyqtan músylmandyq formalary da kóp. Búl óte tabighy qúbylys.      Negizinen Iasauy jolyndaghylar, dilinde hikmetting shamy, ýstinde jýnnen tigilgen qarapayym shapany, taza qúdaydy pәkteu men úlylau jolyna týsken saf kónil adamdar turaly Batystyng emes, oriyentalistik baghytta emes jәne «uahabiylik, taymiyalyq» tendensiyadan tys ústanymmen jazylghan enbekterdi de oqyp shyqqan abzal. Sosyn sopylyq turaly naqty pikir aitu, ekining birining qolynan keletin is emes. Búl óz aldyna jeke, tereng ghylym. Sondyqtan Asylbek myrza, búl turaly Ibn Haldunnyng Muqaddimasynan oqyp bilersiz. Bizge osy ghylym turaly bar mәlimetterdi týsinuding ózi ýlken olja. Sopylyqtyng mәnine kóz jetkizu ýshin Imam Ghazaliyding «Ihia-ul-Ulumiy-d-diyn», Ibn Arabiyding «Futuhat-ul-Makkiya», Imam Rabbaniyding «Maktubat», Qushayriyding «Risala», Suhrauardiyding «Auariyf-ul-Maariyf» jәne Iasauiyding «Mirat-ul Qulub» atty enbekterin qarap shyqqan dúrys.

Sopylyq eshqashan islamgha syrttay oppozisiyalyq sipatta bolghan da emes! Sopylyq islamnyng mazmúny, mәni. Al forma men mazmún birtútas nәrse ghoy. Asylbek myrza aitqan jalany sufizmge kezinde kenestik rejim túsynda ghylymy ateizm mamandary jetkilikti dәrejede jazyp qaldyrghan. óitkeni sopylyq tariqattaghylar ghana olargha qarsy tolassyz narazylyq bildirgen bolatyn. Sopylyq islamnyn, músylmandardyng eng qiyn-qystau kezinde qorghaushysy bola bilgen. Sufizmning ishki mәnin ashyp týsindiruge bir maqala týgil, zertteushining ómiri de jetpeydi. Sondyqtan sopylyqtyng syrtqy qyryna qarap-aq onyng músylmandyq tarihyndaghy ornyn tanugha bolady.

Imam myrza sopylardyng maqsaty - sol dindi (islamdy) negizinen taydyru, ekendigin, sopylyqtyng islamnyng negizgi postulattaryn qúlatqysy keletindigin aitypty. Búghan tang qalmasqa sharang joq. Búl jerde qazaqty endi islamdy qabyldap jatqan el retinde tanytady. Ynsap qayda aghayyn? Siz ben biz osy sopylyq arqyly músylman bolghan joqpyz ba? Ata-babamyz osy jol arqyly bizge islamdy ýiretken joq pa edi? Islamnyng qay negizine sopylar qarsy shyghypty? Iman negizderine me, әlde ghibadat negizderine me? Qúrangha ma? Hadiske me? Álde, olar Múhammed payghambardy payghambar dep tanymay ma? Múnday sandyraqty gazet betine jazudyng ózi qoghamdyq túraqtylyqty búzatyn fitna emey, nemene?

Qala berdi, Iasauy men Shәkәrim osy topyraqtaghy ruhaniyattyng negizderi men temirqazyqtary. Siz sonda qazaqy músylmandyqty reformalaudy oilap otyrsyz ba? Onday shoqpardy belinizge ilmey-aq qoyynyz, mertigip ketersiz. Kez kelgen reforma, dәstýrmen sabaqtasyp, onymen ýilesimdilikte jýrse  ghana jemis beredi. Joq әlde, Siz ótkendi týbirimen óshirginiz kele me? Ol naghyz revolusiya! Islamgha búl jol - jat. Qazirgi islamdaghy revolusionerler - uahabiyler. Abay men Shәkәrimning danalyqtary tolyghymen taza islamnyng ózegi - Qúrannan túratyndyghyn siz әli bile almay jýrseniz, oghan kim kinәli?

Sopylyq - fiyrqa da, sekta da, mazhab ta emes. Sopylyq islamnyng ruhy, mәni. Onsyz islam islam bola almaydy. Sufizmge ghasyrlar boyy syn aityp, onyng tek jaman qyryn kórsetip, qol shoshaytqandar - dýmsheler ghana. Al dýmsheler mandaydaghy kózben de dúrys kóre almaydy. Olar islamdy qaghida, qúrghaq ereje, tәnning bes uaqyt býgilip, iyilui dep týsinip, soghan qarsy Alladan sauap, jәnnat súraghan «saudagerler». Al ghibadat - Allanyng jәnnatyna joldama aludyng qúny emes, ghibadat sebep qana. Jәnnatqa layyq bolu, Allanyng nazaryna ilugimen onyng rizashylyghyna, qútyna ie bolumen ghana mýmkin bolar! Sufiyler әlemge ghashyq, sonymen qatar ishki kózben «ghayypty», «didardy» sezinip, oghan ghashyq bola alady.

Sufiyler ýshin songhy hatam-ul anbiya - Hz. Múhammed eng teberik núsqa, eng tendesi joq ýlgi, ónege adam. Sufiyler ýshin Alladan basqa hidayatqa jetkizetin, qútqaratyn eshkim joq. Alla - amanat retinde Qúran men Sunna jolyn kórsetti. Qalghany sufiyding ózine baylanysy. Sufiyler Siz ben biz siyaqty, bes-alty kitap oqyp alyp bilgishsinetin halyq emes! «Men bir-aq nәrse bilemin, ol da mening eshtene bilmeytindigim» -degender osy Allagha ghashyq bolyp, zikir salghan sufiylerding ústanymy. Mysaly Iasauy dana ózi turaly «men nadanmyn», Baqyrghany «Barsha biday men saban, barsha jaqsy men jaman», Shәkәrim de «Álemning bәrin men bilsem, әlem meni bilmese» deydi. Búlardyng ólshemi Alla. Ózderin Allamen ólshegen adam әriyne búl әlemde әrdayym Allanyng hikmetin izdeushi bolyp shyghady.

Siz islam filosofiyasyn onyng ontologiyalyq, metafizikalyq jýiesin qaytadan, dúrystap qarap shyghynyz. Sosyn baryp tauil men tafsiyr, aqyl men naqyl, hәl men maqam, zat pen sipat, jauHar men aghraz arasyndaghy mәnning parqyn biletin bolasyz. Islamda týsinuding eki formasy - tauil men tafsir bar. Búl eki metod ózara birin-biri tolyqtyryp túrady. Sufiylerding tauil metody - ishki tanymgha negizdelgen. Tafsirding mýmkindigi jetken jerinen әri qaray tauil bastalady. Búl negizinen Farabiyding «faghal sana» men «mustafad sana» arasyndaghy qauyshu, ýndesu prinsiypine negizdelgen. Ghazaliyden keyin islamda filosofiya óldi degender tarihta boldy. Mashanidy qaytalap ne qylasyz, ózindik oy bolu kerek ózin ghylymdamyn dep sezinetin adamda.

Siz aitqan ontologiyalyq týsindiru formasy, mazmúny әrqily bolghanymen Ál-Kindi, Ál-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd siyaqty islam filosoftarynyng bәrine ortaq qalyp. Búl tanymdyq týsindiru joly ghana búnday qalyptyng diny senimge eshqanday qatysy joq. Sondyqtan tanym men senim arasyna tendik qongha bolmaydy.

Iasauiya qúqyqtyq jaghynan imam Aghzamnyng jolynda, aqaid jaghynan imam Maturiyding jolyndaghy sunny tariqaty. Sopylyq, esinizde bolsyn, qazaqtyng últtyq bolmysy men memlekettiliginin, mәdeniyetining negizi. Ol eshqashan memleketke, onyng sayasatyna «qighash emes». Sopylyq eger qazaq memleketi men sayasatyna qighash bolsa, onda memlekettiligimiz ben mәdeniyetimiz de «qighash» bolghany. Óitkeni, sopylyq qazaq ruhaniyatynyng negizindegi ózekting eng manyzdysy, qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining ainasy. Iasauy tariqatyndaghylardyng tórt ústanymy bar: birinshisi - rabt-súltan, yaghny memleket basshysyna adaldyq, ekinshisi - Otan - kenistikti iyelenu, ýshinshisi - uaqytty mengeru, tórtinshisi - ihuan ózara bauyr, tuys bolu. Mine osynday negizde islam qazaq dalasyna taralyp, biz músylman bolghanbyz.

Asylbek myrza, diny tanym men diny senim arasyn ajyratpasanyz, aq pen qara, dúrys pen búrys eki arasy kórinbey eki ortada júrtty әure sarsangha salasyz. Tarih pen uaqyt, kenistik pen mәdeniyet, din men tanym týsinik arasyn týsindiruding joly - tarihy sabaqtastyq arqyly mýmkin bolady. Búl jerde de din turaly ghylymy taldaudan kóri «imamdyq ýkim» beruding «jenildigin» sezingenge úqsaysyz. Sopylyq turaly pikiriniz ne ghylymgha, ne dәstýrli tanymgha, ne diniy-sharghy ýkimge say emes. Áriyne, men sizding býgingi kýnning «neoimamy» ekendiginizdi jariyalaghanynyzgha qarsy emespin. Degenmen býgingi qazaq imamdarynyng bir qolynda Qúran men Sunna, ekinshi qolynda Iasauy hikmetteri jýrse ghana tarihy sabaqtastyq ornap, diny tanymymyz damyp, diny sana janghyrady degen senimdemin. Sózding sonyn elbasymyzdyng «... Baghymyz -  Tәuelsizdik, dinimiz -  Islam, biraq biz ata jolynan, babalarymyzdyng aq jolynan taymauymyz kerek» degen sózimen ayaqtaghym keledi.

Dosay KENJETAY

Filosofiya jәne teologiya ghylymdarynng doktory, professor

http://www.qazaquni.kz/9598.html