Qazaqstannyng shetelge et eksporttauyna qatysty eki manyzdy janalyq boldy. Birinshisin halyq quana qarsy alsa, ekinshisine narazylyq bildirdi. Endi әngimeni kóp sozbay el yzasyna tiygen ekinshisinen bastayyq. 

«Shoshqa eti qazir ishki naryqta óte az tútylsa da, eger syrtqy naryqqa eksporttasaq, múrtymyzdy balta shappaydy?» degen sóz ben ony ósirushilerdi nesiyelendiru qaydan shyqty. 

Eurostat (Europanyng statistikalyq qyzmeti) EO jan basyna shaqqanda jylyna – 45 keli, Qytayda – 40 jәne Reseyde – 30 keli et tútynady. 2019 jyly Europada shoshqa etine degen 10 mln tonnanyng súranysy ótelmegendigi jayyndaghy mәlimetti algha tartty. Donyz etine degen súranys keyingi 3-5 jylda arta týsedi dep boljamdau da osy derekke qosa tirkemelendi. Búl jaghymdy habar qúlaghyna tiygen qazaq sheneuinikteri jerden jeti qoyan tapqanday quanyp, alashty donyz baghugha ýndep shygha keldi. Tipti baghdarlama jasap, bólinetin aqsha kólemin de eseptep tastady. 

Endi olargha osy bir jaghymdy habardy kim úsyndy desek, ol - mal sharuashylyghyndaghy tiyimdilikti arttyru ortalyghynyng diyrektory Nikolay Babenko eken. Kózderin euro túmandatyp, últtyq namys tars esten shyqqan bizding minstrliktegi sheneuinikter onyng sózin jerge tastamay, músylmandar qauymyn jerge qaratty. Au, aghayyn, biz amalsyzdyng kýnimen kóp aqsha berip jatqandyqtan barlyq jerdi sasytyp, talpaq tanudy ósireyik, biraq, ony Resey jeri arqyly Batysqa ótkizemiz ghoy degen súraq shendi-shekpendilerding oilaryna da kirip shyqqan joq.

Bir keli shoshqagha etine 0,9 evro júmsap, 1,97 evrony qaltagha basamyz degen oy sanalaryn jaulap aldy. Ony donyz ústaushy otandastarymyz etnikalyq azshylyqtaghy slavyandyqtar tútynu ýshin qazir el naryghynda 1,4 eurogha saudalap otyrghanyn esterine de alghan joq. Jәne sol shoshqa etin saudalaushylar: «Biz nege Batystaghyday tengege shaqqanda 1,97 eurogha satpaymyz», degen pikirge keletindigin de kerek etpedi. Eger olar ósip-ónse, satugha shygharatyn ishki naryqta súranystyng azdyghy, syrtqy naryqtaghy qos kórshimiz: Qytaydyng satyp aluda qoyatyn joghary talabyn, óz naryghyna Reseyding esh jibermeytinin de eskergen joq.  

Jәne aidy aspangha shygharyp, aqshasy bar qazaqtardy shoshqa keshenine aqsha salsan, bir jyldan keyin qayyryp ala alasyng degen qyzyqtyra eliktiru nauqanyn bastap ketti. Nikolay Babenkonyng sózine sensek, Qazaqstan búdan jyl sayyn 1,5 mlrd. euro payda kóredi-mys. 

«Shoshqa virusyn júqtyrghan» sheneuinikterimizdi jayyna qaldyryp, qazaq balasy ýshin shoshqa etinen basqa 1,5 mlrd. eurodan asa payda kóretin jol men baghyt-baghdar bar ma? Bar bolsa ne? Endi soghan toqtalayyq.

Qazaqstan  2025 jyly jana et óndeu keshenderin iske qosu arqyly et eksportyn $370 mln. jetkizudi kózdep otyr. 

Kapital.kz aqparatyna sener bolsaq, AShM oblys әkimdikterimen birlesip, osy baghytta taransúlttyq kompaniyalar men strategiyalyq investorlardy tartudy qolgha alyp jatyr.

Ministrimiz Saparhan Omarov bar ýmit Núr-Súltan men Qostanaygha siyr etin óndeuge Tyson Foods kompaniyasyn, baghylan etin óndeuge Bauman kompaniyasyn agrokeshender salugha tarta bilude degendi sóz etken bolatyn.

Alghashqy kompaniyamen kelissózder bastalyp ketse, songhysymen mәmilelesu endi qolgha alyndy. Sәtin salsa, onda olar salghan investisiya arqasynda 42 mynnan asa júmys orny qúrylady. 

Juyq aralyqta jalpy qúny 271 mlrd. tengeni qúraytyn jeke túlghalar salghan investisiya óndiris kólemin 2,7 esege arttyryp, qosymsha 4 myngha juyq júrt júmyspen qamtylmaqshy. 

Energyprom.kz aqpary boyynsha, biz etpen óz elimizding ishki naryghyn tek 87%-gha qamtysaq, syrtqa ónim shygharuymyz bar bolghany 2%-gha jetip, syrttan 14,5%-gha et satyp alyp jýrmiz. Eti óndeu men saqtau jaghy kónil kónshitpeydi. 38% shújyq ónimderi syrttan әkelinip otyr. 

2013 jylmen salystyrghanda ótken 2019 jyly siyr sany 37%-gha artyp, 2,7 mln-nan 3,8 mln. basqa deyin jetti.  Biraq jeke sharualardyng qolyndaghy mal basy 72%-den 56%-gha kemise, onyng esesine, memlekettik subsidiyanyng arqasynda fermerlik sharuashylyqtaghy zengi baba túqymy 23%-dan 37%-gha deyin artty. Osy aralyqta elimizge enip ketken sheteldik ónimderden arylu jolynda otandyq óndirushiler әzirshe, el naryghynyng 7%-yn ghana ózderine qarata aldy. 

Biraq, bir siyrgha shaqqanda jyldyq ortasha sýt sauyluy: jeke sharuashylyqta – 2,4 tonna bolsa, fermerlik sharuashylyqta – 1,9 tonnagha jetip aqsap jatyr.

Bir ókinishtisi qazaq jylqysynyng etining shetelge eksportalmauy әm búl salada eshbir naryqtyq barlau saraptama jasalynbauy jýrekti auyrtady. Biraq, qazaq qymyzy qúrghaq úntaq týrinde «Euraziya Invest LTD» men «Golden kemel» kompaniyalary tarapynan Qytay, Resey jәne Gonkongke satylymgha shyghyryla bastady.  

Biylghy mamyr aiynan bastap veterinarlyq sertifikatpen maqúldanghan jylqy eti japon eline eksporttalatyn boldy. Mal sharuashylyghynyng qúlaghyn ústap otyrghandardyng sózine sener bolsaq, 1991 jyly Qazaqstanda bar joghy 1,7 mln. bas qylqúiryq bolsa, 2000 jyly onyng sany 976 myngha deyin azayyp, endi qazir Qambar ata túqymy 3 mln. deyin jetip otyr.

Qazaqstanda memleket qoldauy arqasynda jylqy sany 2,9 mln. basqa kóbeyip, et satu – 30% (132 myng tonna), qymyz sauyp-satu – 7% (27,6 myng tonnagha) artty. Bir asyl túqymdy jylqygha –  100 myng tenge, bir litr qymyzgha – 60 tenge subsidiya berile bastady. 

Bie satyp alghany jәne oghan mal azyghyn dayyndaghany ýshin de bir basqa 20 myng tenge tólenip keledi. Jylqy ósirgende jem dayyndaytyn tehnika satyp alatyndargha tólenetin subsidiyalanghan investisiya satyp alu qúnynyng 25%-yn qúraydy. Nesie men lizing  bәsi 10% tónireginde.

Ótken jyly jylqy ósiretin 4,7 mynnan asa sharuashylyq memlekettik qoldaudyng paydasyn kóre aldy. 2016 jyldan bastap, 10 jylgha jenildetilgen jyldyghy 6% nesiyemen berilgen «Qúlan» baghdarlamasy júmys istep keledi. 2017 jyly 1440 sharuashylyq 40 myng bas, odan keyingi 2018  jyly 512 sharuashylyq 12 myng bas satyp ala aldy. 2020 jyly búl qoldaudyng ayasy keneyedi dep boljanghan edi. 

Ýkimetting bergen qoly alghan. Endi mal basyn ósirgen qazaqtar ata saltynda joq shoshqa etin saudalaudy dәstýrli әm qyryq shyrmauly, toqsan qaqpandy RF arqyly ótetin Europagha emes, babadan qalghan tórt týlikti ótkizu ýshin Ýndi-Qytay baghytynda әlemdik naryqty jaulaugha әzirlene bastady. 

Biraq, shendilerding nazarynan tys qalyp kele jatqan dýnie – 5-ke jetpes siyry, 20-gha jetpes qoy-eshkisi, 2-3 bas jylqysy 10-15 tauyghy barlargha jeke subsidiya jasau. Osy azghana malyn ósirip otyrghandar ne sanda, ne sanatta joq. Ári júmyssyz mәrtebesin de iyelene almaydy. Ayaghynan tik túryp ketken malyn myndap, jýzdep órgizgen iri, orta jәne shaghyn sharuashylyqtarmen qatar birge atalghan sanatqa jatatyndargha da bazar bәsin týsiru ýshin әr satugha shygharghan dýniyesin bazarlau ýshin arzan ónim óndirip, ony satugha birdey jaghday jasap, 10 júmyrtqasyn 35-37 tengege satqyzyp, ýstinen 300 tengege, etterin  400 tengege satqyzyp, ýstinen 1700 tengelik dotasiya jasap otyrsa, týgimiz keteydi ghoy. Sol júmyrtqany 35-37 tengege, sol etti 400-ge kóterip satyp alushylardy alushylardy 5-ten 50-ge deyin aralyqta ghana aqsha qosyp satugha mindettese, bireu qoy dey me?!

Inflyasiyany qashanda auyzdyqtaugha bolady. Óitkeni, jekesheler óndirgen ónimder shetelden keletin dollargha baylauy tauar emes, óz ishimizdegi osynday bolar bolmas jaghdaydy rettey almasaq, nesine memleket qúryp otyrmyz!? Jogharghy kabiynette otyrghan myrzalar, iri, orta, shaghyn jәne jeke mal ónimderin satushylargha ailyq jәne toqsandyq әm jyldyq inflyasiyany eskere otyryp, kóterme saudagha ónim ótkizude birdey jaghday jasap, bólip-jarylmay dotasiyalanularyn jolgha qoi kerek. Al, kóterme saudadaghylardy tek 5-25 tengeni ýstinen qosugha mindetteytin uaqyt tudy. Sonda qazir maly joqtar, júmyssyz jýrgender de ne auyl ishinde, ne qala shetinde mal ósirip memleketke masyl bolmaugha baryn salady. 

Bәri óz qolymyzda tek sony isteuge memlekettik dengeyindegi niyetimiz joq. Qazaq jaghdayyndaghy әleumettik jaqtan qorghau degenimiz – osy.

Osy mәselede euroekonomikamen auyryp-syrqaghandar últtyq ereksheligimizdi, dildik ózgesheligimizdi esh qaperlerine de almaydy. Batys pen orystyng ekonomikalyq ilimi ótip ketkenderge ne dersin!? Óz qolyndy ózing kese almaysyng ghoy!?

Ábil-Serik Áliakbar

Abai.kz