Bek Datúly. Bit
Wikipedia anyqtamasy: Bit (lat. Anoplura-pediculus) - úsaq ektoparazitter tobynyng bir týri. Bitting auyz qúrylysy jandy nәrsening terisin tesip qanyn sorugha óte ynghayly. Bitting belgili bir týri bir nemese birneshe jandy-januarda ghana ómir sýre alady. Adamnyng bitteri (lat. Pediculus humanus) qyshyma jәne bórtken sekildi aurulardyng tasymaldaushysy bolyp tabylady. Býkil әlemge taralghan.
Masa.kz anyqtamasy: «Biyt» (halyqaralyq atauy. Aramtamaq-mәngýrt) - jemqor mәngýrtter tobynyng bir týri. «Bittin» jýike qúrylysy qandastarynyng terisin tespey-aq qanyn sorugha ynghaylastyrylghan. «Bitter» ýnemi memlekettin, halyqtyng esebinen ómir sýredi. «Búqaranyng bitteri» (halyqaralyq atauy. Satqyn mәngýrtter) bodandyq jәne alauyzdyq sekildi aurulardyng taratushysy bolyp tabylady. Qazaq arasyna jii taralghan.
Abay: Búl bitting atasy ter, anasy kir,
Shyqqan song óz denennen ózindi jer.
Masa.kz: Búl bitting atasy kommunizm, ashkózdik anasy,
Kózderin shel basyp, ruhsyzdyqpen ulanghan sanasy.
Bitpen kýresting jalghyz tәsili: Syghyp tastau.
Qúrmetti oqyrman!
Wikipedia anyqtamasy: Bit (lat. Anoplura-pediculus) - úsaq ektoparazitter tobynyng bir týri. Bitting auyz qúrylysy jandy nәrsening terisin tesip qanyn sorugha óte ynghayly. Bitting belgili bir týri bir nemese birneshe jandy-januarda ghana ómir sýre alady. Adamnyng bitteri (lat. Pediculus humanus) qyshyma jәne bórtken sekildi aurulardyng tasymaldaushysy bolyp tabylady. Býkil әlemge taralghan.
Masa.kz anyqtamasy: «Biyt» (halyqaralyq atauy. Aramtamaq-mәngýrt) - jemqor mәngýrtter tobynyng bir týri. «Bittin» jýike qúrylysy qandastarynyng terisin tespey-aq qanyn sorugha ynghaylastyrylghan. «Bitter» ýnemi memlekettin, halyqtyng esebinen ómir sýredi. «Búqaranyng bitteri» (halyqaralyq atauy. Satqyn mәngýrtter) bodandyq jәne alauyzdyq sekildi aurulardyng taratushysy bolyp tabylady. Qazaq arasyna jii taralghan.
Abay: Búl bitting atasy ter, anasy kir,
Shyqqan song óz denennen ózindi jer.
Masa.kz: Búl bitting atasy kommunizm, ashkózdik anasy,
Kózderin shel basyp, ruhsyzdyqpen ulanghan sanasy.
Bitpen kýresting jalghyz tәsili: Syghyp tastau.
Qúrmetti oqyrman!
Búl biyt-sirke turaly ghylymy maqalanyng dәiektemesi emes, «bittik» jasap otyrghan bir әriptesimizdin, jo-joq, keshiriniz «bittep» ketken tútas bir redaksiyanyng bittey ghana oiyn - shaldyr-shatpaq maqalasymaghyn sizderge úsynbas búryn engizip jatqan kirispemiz. Sebebi әlgi maqalanyng ayaghyna qaray avtor bylay degen:
«Alysta jýrgen aghayyndarymyzdyng men ana oblysqa barmaymyn, myna oblysqa ghana baramyn dep múryn shýiiruin, kvotadaghy jenildikterdi paydalanyp elge kelip alyp, izinshe keri ketip qalularyn tek osy aitylghandarmen ghana týsindiruge bolady. Obaly ne kerek, myna jerge ýirene almadym, búrynghy túryp kelgen jerime qaytpasam bolatyn emes, dep kelgen memleketterine qayta ketip qalghan keybir aghayyndardyng ózderi de shyndyqty moyyndapty. Jana jerge birden ýirenisip ketuding auyr tiyetinin, alghashqy kezde biraz problemalardyng úshyrasatynyn týsinemiz. Robot siyaqty júmys isteytin keybir sheneunikterding alystan kelgen aghayyndargha salqyn qaraytynynan, keyde sebepsizden-sebepsiz әure-sarsangha salyp qoyatynynan da habardarmyz. Onday kelensizdiktermen jergilikti túrghyndar da az úshyrasyp jatqan joq. Biraq, halqymyzda «Bitke ókpelep tonyndy otqa jaqpa» degen sóz bar emes pe...»
IYә, kóship kelgen qandastarymyz eshqashan qaptaghan «itter» men ózinizdey «bitterge» ókpelep Otanyna opasyzdyq jasamaydy. Oghan olardyng boyyndaghy últshyldyq, memleketshildik sezimderi, «janym - arymnyng sadaghasy» deytin tabandy namystary jol bermeydi.
Sonymen, nazarlarynyzgha ayaq astynan «itter» men «bitter» turaly әngime qozghatqan «Egemen Qazaqstan» gazetining 2-aqpan kýngi sanyndaghy maqalany úsynamyz. «Bitterge» nege nalyp otyrghanymyzdy Siz týsinsin dep. Áytpese, әu bastan Egemendikti elemegen, Asyl sózdi ýlken qarippen, bas әrippen jazugha arlanghan, búrynghy qandyqol kommunisterding qolynan býgingi «bitterge» ruhy tazarmastan ótip ketken, aljyghan gazettegi arzan sózdi ózimizge baspas edik. Degenmen, biylikting auyzyn ashqanda kómeyin kóru ýshin «agha gazetti» aqtaramyz. Óitkeni, búl gazet biylikting ýni ghoy.
"Masa-aqparat"
Seyfolla ShAYYNGhAZY. Óz elinde ózi qonaq bolghysy keletin oralman aghayyndardyng oilaghandary ne?
Qazaq elining tәuelsizdik aluy respublikadan tysqary jerlerde jýrgen otandastarymyzdyng ata-júrtqa oraluyna keng jol ashty. Eger derekterge jýginer bolsaq, 1991-2011 jyldar aralyghynda 221,3 myng otbasy nemese 860,4 myng qandastarymyz Qazaqstangha kelgen eken.
1993 jyldan bastap kelushiler ýshin jyl sayynghy kvota belgilenui de atamekenge oralam deushiler ýshin qolayly jaghdaylar tughyzdy. Óitkeni kvotagha engen oralmandargha jәrdemaqylar men ótemaqylar týrinde, sonyng ishinde túrghyn-jay satyp alu ýshin de, qosymsha әleumettik kómekter kórsetildi, jana oryngha kóship keluine baylanysty ketken shyghyndary qaytaryldy.
Eger alghashqy jyldary Qazaqstangha qonys audarushylar qatary birneshe myng otbasyn ghana qúrasa, 2005 jyly immigranttargha bólingen kvota 15 myng otbasyna, al 2009-2011 jyldary 20 myng otbasyna deyin jetkizildi.
Osynday әngime ýstinde qay memleketterden kelgender kóbirek eken degen qyzyghushylyq saualdyng tuatyny da zandy. Eger onday súraqqa jauap izdep kórer bolsaq, oralmandardyng 60,5 payyzynyng Ózbekstannan, 10,4 payyzynyng Mongholiyadan, 12,4 payyzynyng Qytaydan, 7,8 payyzynyng Týrkimen-stannan, 5,3 payyzynyng Reseyden kelgenin atap kórseter edik. Al qalghan 4 payyz ózge elderden kelgenderdi qúraydy.
Elge oralghan qandastarymyzdyng oblystar boyynsha ornalasuyna kóz jýgirtken kezde mynaday kórinisti bayqaugha bolady. Oralmandardyng 24,3 payyzy Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysyna, 18,2 payyzy Almaty oblysyna, 13,3 payyzy Manghystau oblysyna, 7 payyzy Jambyl oblysyna qonystanghan. Osy sandardy oy eleginen ótkize otyryp Qazaqstandy Otanym dep kelgen bauyrlarymyzdyng 60 payyzdan astamynyng tórt oblysqa ghana qonystanghanyn kóruge bolady. Onyng syry nede?
Endi ótken jyly elge kelip atbasyn tiregen tughandarymyzdyng el ónirleri boyynsha ornalasu jaghdayyna nazar audaryp qarayyq. 2011 jyly respublikagha shetelderden 43960 adam nemese 14850 otbasy qonys audarghan. Osy aghayyndardyng 6700-i Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysyn, 5217-isi Manghystau oblysyn, 3648-i Almaty oblysyn, 3516-sy Jambyl oblysyn, 2429-y Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysyn ózderine túrghylyqty jer retinde tandaghan. Búl jerde «tandaghan» sózi әnsheyin aityla salyp otyrghan joq.
«Elim» dep «enirep» jetken qandastarymyzdyng respublikanyng oblystaryn qonystanu jaghdayyna kóz sala otyryp neni angharugha bolady? Ol - alys-jaqyn shetelderden kelgen bauyrlarymyzdyng negizinen Qazaqstannyng bes-alty oblysyn ghana meken etudi qalaytyndyghy. Al, ol neni bildiredi? Ashy da bolsa aitayyq, ol jana ózimiz atap ótkendey, «enirep» jetken bauyrlarymyzdyng Qazaqstangha Otanym dep emes, osynda búrynnan túryp jatqan nemese songhy jyldary kóship kelgen aghayyn-tughandaryn saghalap, kýneltu ýshin keletindigin dәleldeydi. Búl rette tipti qyr-sonymyzdan qalmay qoyghan jany siri rushyldyqtyng da qylang berip jatqan boluy әbden mýmkin. Áytpese qazaq ýshin, әsirese, alysta, jat júrtta jýrip tughan elin ansaghan qazaq ýshin úlan-baytaq Qazaqstannyng kez kelgen týkpiri Otan emes pe? Jalpy, Otan degen asyl sózdi belgili bir oblystardyng shenberimen ghana shektep, myna jer jaqsy, myna jer jaman dep, atamekendi alalaugha bola ma ózi. Olay bolghan kýnde, ata-babalarynyng kindik qandary tamghan qasiyetti topyraqty ansap kelgen bauyrlarymyzdyng kóksegenderi ne? Bәlkim olar biz myna Shymkent pen Jambyl óniri tәrizdi kýnshuaqty aimaqtarda qolymyzdy jyly sugha malyp otyra bereyik, al ana, aua rayy qytymyr soltýstik pen batystaghylar búrynghysynsha óz kýnderin ózderi kóre bersin dep oilaytyn bolar? Olar sol ónirlerge ýirengen, olar ata-babalarynan qalghan jerler, sondyqtan ondaghylardyng túra beretinine esh kýmәn da joq. Mәsele onda emes, bizding aitpaghymyz basqa. Atajúrt dep asyghyp kelgen, saghynyp kelgen aghayyndarymyz boylarynda qazaqtyng qany bar ekenin, azamattyghyn kórsetip, tizesin endi tiktep jatqan jas memleketting qoltyghynan demeuding ornyna, jyly jerge túmsyqtaryn súghyp búghyp otyratyn bolsa, onday qandastardan Qazaqstangha ne payda? Elge jandary ashymaytyn, kelmey jatyp talap qoyatyn qazaqtardy shaqyryp, qúshaq jaya qarsy alu qanshalyqty dúrys degen saual da osyndayda tuyndaydy. Biz búl jerde tiyesili kvotany alyp, soghan sәikes belgili bir jenildikterdi paydalanyp, artynsha kelgen jaqtaryna qaytadan qashyp ketken qazaqtar turaly tipti aityp ta otyrghan joqpyz. Al, ondaylar jetip-artylady. Mine, tughan jerdi saghynudyn, qúrmetteuding bir kórinisi.
Endi oralmandar әzireyildey kóretin elimizding batys jәne soltýstik oblystaryna keler bolsaq, búl ónirlerde halyq ejelden siyrek qonystanghan. Sol siyrek qonystanghan halyqtyng arasynda qazaqtar tipten az. Búl - bir. Ekinshiden, júmys kýshi de dәl osy oblystarda jetpey jatyr. Ýshinshiden, jergilikti últ ókilderi sanynyng azdyghy atalghan ónirlerde ana tilimizding órkendeuine de eleuli núqsan keltirip otyr. Osy aitylghandardy jәne ken-baytaq Qazaqstannyng barlyq jerlerining de qazaqtar ýshin Otan bolyp tabylatynyn eskere kelgende, alysta jýrgen aghayyndarymyzdyng birtú-tas Qazaq elining keybir ónirlerine múryndaryn shýiire qarauyn týsinu de, týsindiru de óte qiyn.
Osydan onshaqty jyl búryn qyzmet babymen Germaniyada bolghan kezimde, egde jastaghy nemis әielining әngimesin estigenim bar. Búl elding de Qazaqstan siyaqty elge oralghan óz otandastaryn yqy-laspen qabyldap jatqany belgili. Ángime de dәl sol mәsele tónireginde órbidi, yaghny janaghy kisige Germaniyagha oralyp jatqan nemisterge qanday jaqsylyqtar men jenildikter jasaluda degen saual qoyyldy. Búl saualgha әlgi nemis últynyng ókili syrttan kelgen nemisterge nelikten jaqsylyq jasaluy tiyis, olardyng býgingi Germaniyanyng ósip-órkendeuine qanday enbekteri sindi. Jaqsylyq osy eldi damytugha ýles qosyp jýrgen nemisterge jasaluy kerek, al endi ghana kóship kelip jatqandardyng bizge qanday da bir talaptar qoylaryna qúqylary joq, aldymen enbekterin sinirsin, sodan keyin ghana talap qoysyn dep jauap berdi. Biz siyaqty kólgirsudi, jyltyr sózdi bilmeytin, ómir sýru tәji-riybeleri mol, saltyna berik, órkeniyetke jetken, sondyqtan da әr nәrseni óz atymen ataytyn nemis halqynyng ókili osylay deydi. Dәlelimen keltirilgen búl sózge qarsy dau aitu qiyn.
Biraq Qazaqstan memleketi de, qazaqtar da alystan kelgen aghayyndargha múnday tik minez kózqaras tanytyp otyrghan joq. Kerisinshe, qandastarymyzdyng elge keluin jenildetude jәne olardy jana jaghdaylargha beyimdeude memleket tarapynan belgili bir sharalar da qabyldandy. Oralmandardyng Qazaqstan qoghamyna tezdetip kirigip ketuleri ýshin 2007 jyldan bastap olar kóbirek qonystanghan Ontýstik Qazaqstan, Manghystau oblystarynda jәne Qaraghandy qalasynda beyimdeu jәne kiriktiru ortalyqtary ashyldy. Búl ortalyqtarda qúqyqtyq mәseleler, memlekettik tildi, qajet bolghan jaghdayda orys tilin ýiretu baghytynda tegin aqyl-kenester beriledi, kәsiby dayarlau, qayta dayarlau jәne biliktilikti arttyru júmystary jýzege asyrylady. Onyng syrtynda, әrbir oblysta oralmandardyng elge kelgennen keyingi alghashqy uaqyttarda túra túrularyna jaghday tughyzatyn uaqytsha ornalastyru ortalyqtary bar. Qoldanystaghy zannamalargha sәikes jergilikti atqaru organdary oralmandardy tegin medisinalyq jәrdemning kepildi kólemimen qamtamasyz etedi, múqtajdargha mektepter men balabaqshalardan, әleumettik qorghau mekemelerinen oryndar beriledi, jeke túrghyn ýy salamyn jәne óndirispen ainalysamyn deushilerge mýmkindigine qaray jer telimderi bólinedi. Olardyn Qazaqstanda túraqty túrulary jәne Qazaqstan azamattyghyn alulary ýshin qarapayymdatylghan proseduralar qarastyrylghan. Mәselen, azamattyq alu ýshin ótinish bergen kezde ol adamnyng Qazaqstanda mindetti týrde bes jyl túruy talap etilmeydi. Ótken 2011 jyldyng ózinde ghana 35617 oralmannyn, al tәuelsizdik jyldary ishinde 757 myng qandastarymyzdyn, nemese 1991 jyldan bastap elge oralghandardyng 90 payyzynyn Qazaqstan aza-mattyghyn aluy bizding búl sózimizge tolyq dәlel.
Osy orayda oralmandardy ornalastyru mәselesin sheshu maqsatynda Qazaqstanda «Núrly kósh» baghdarlamasy qabyldanyp, ol boyynsha jekelegen túrghyn ýiler ghana emes, sonymen birge býtindey bir auyldardyng túrghyzylghanyn da aita ketken oryndy. Qazaqstandy shynymen elim-jerim dep kelgender mýmkindikterinshe osynday iygilikterdi paydalanyp, elimizding týrli ónirlerinde enbek etip, jap-jaqsy ómir sýrip jatyr. Osy aitylghangha shaghyn mysal retinde Qostanay oblysynyng Rudnyy qalasyna Ózbekstannan qonys audarghan qazaqtardyng Sokolov-Sarybay ken óndiristik birlestiginde ózderine júmys tauyp, túrghyndarynyng 90 payyzgha juyghy orystildiler bolyp sanalatyn Rudnyy qalasynda qalypty tirshilik keship jatqandaryn aitugha bolady. Bәlkim janadan qonys audarghandyqtan túrmystarynda belgili bir problemalardyng da boluy mýmkin, biraq «kósh jýre týzeledi» degen mәteldi eskersek, olardyng da birtindep sheshim tabaryna kýmәn joq. Jalpy, Qostanay oblysyna kóship kelgen aghayyndardy Qazaqstannyng egemendigin nyghaytugha ózindik dәrejede ýles qosyp jýrgender dep aitugha tolyq negiz bar.
Birinshiden, olar osyndaghy asa iri kәsiporyn - SSKÓB-ke júmysshy bolu arqyly júmys kýshin syrttan izdemey, óz qandastarymyzdyng kómegimen-aq mәselening sheshiluine jaghday tughyzyp otyr. Ekinshiden, túrghyndary 140 myng adam bolatyn Rudnyy qalasynda keshegi kenestik kezende nebary 9 payyzday ghana qazaqtar túrghandyqtan qazaq mektebi múnda mýlde bolghan emes. Al býginde qalada tórt qazaq mektebi bar kórinedi. Búl últtyq salt-dәstýrlerden birjola qol ýzip qalugha jaqyndaghan qala ýshin ýlken jetistik. Ol jetistikke osy ónirdi jatsynbay, elim-jerim dep kelgen oralman aghayyndardyng arqasynda qol jetip otyr.
Erterekte bilimdi, kózderi ashyq azamattarmen әngime barysynda osy bizding halyqta patriottyq ruh kýshti dep aitudyng ózi qalay bolar eken degen bir ekiúshty saualdyng tastalghany esimde. Sonda әngimege qatysyp otyrghandardyng birde-biri joq, olay emes dep qarsylyq bildire qoyghan joq, bәri de aitylghan pikirmen keliskendey synay tanytty. Eger terenirek oilap qarasaq, patriotizm degen sezimning ózi derbes memleketi bar halyqtarda ghana bolugha tiyis siyaqty. Óitkeni onday sezim tughan halqynnyng boyyndaghy ony jer jahangha tanytqan erekshelikterine, memleketinning әlem elderi arasynan ózine layyq oryn ala otyryp, algha basqan qadamdaryna degen maqtanyshtyng nәtiyjesinde payda bolady. Mening elim osynday, mening halqym osynday, men sol elding azamatymyn degen oilar adamnyng ruhyn kóterip, kónilin asqaqtatady. Adamnyng boyyn kernegen osynday zor maq-tanysh sezimi kele-kele óz Otanyna degen patriottyq sezimge úlasady. Múnyng ózi bir jyl, eki jyl emes, úzaq uaqyttargha sozylatyn ýderis. Áriyne, múnday qasiyetti boygha siniru ýshin adam ózining tughan elinde túryp, óz halqymen qoyan-qoltyq ómir sýrui tiyis. Jay ghana ómir sýrip qoymay, sol elding ystyq-suyghyn sol elde túratyn halyqpen birdey kórui kerek. Osylaysha elmen bite qaynasqan adam ghana sol elding patrioty bolugha qabiletti. Al ómir boyy syrtta jýrgen adamdar turaly olay dep aitu qiynyraq. Qazaqta «Tapqan әke emes, baqqan әke» degen sóz bar. Búl sózding maghynasy adam qay jerde, kimning qolynda ósse, oghan sol jer men sol adam ystyq bolady degendi bildiredi.
Alysta jýrgen aghayyndarymyzdyng men ana oblysqa barmaymyn, myna oblysqa ghana baramyn dep múryn shýiiruin, kvotadaghy jenildikterdi paydalanyp elge kelip alyp, izinshe keri ketip qalularyn tek osy aitylghandarmen ghana týsindiruge bolady. Obaly ne kerek, myna jerge ýirene almadym, búrynghy túryp kelgen jerime qaytpasam bolatyn emes, dep kelgen memleketterine qayta ketip qalghan keybir aghayyndardyng ózderi de shyndyqty moyyndapty. Jana jerge birden ýirenisip ketuding auyr tiyetinin, alghashqy kezde biraz problemalardyng úshyrasatynyn týsinemiz. Robot siyaqty júmys isteytin keybir sheneunikterding alystan kelgen aghayyndargha salqyn qaraytynynan, keyde sebepsizden-sebepsiz әure-sarsangha salyp qoyatynynan da habardarmyz. Onday kelensizdiktermen jergilikti túrghyndar da az úshyrasyp jatqan joq. Biraq, halqymyzda «Bitke ókpelep tonyndy otqa jaqpa» degen sóz bar emes pe...
Bes sausaqtyng birdey bolmaytyny sekildi, adamdardyng da jaratylysy, minez-qúlyqtary әrtýrli. Sondyqtan júrttyng bәrin bir qalypqa syighyzamyn deu qatelik. Jogharyda aitqanymyzday, syrttan qonys audaryp kelgen kóptegen qandastarymyzdyng Qazaqstannyng soltýstik ónirlerinen ózderine meken tauyp, enbek etuleri ol sózimizge dәlel. Osy az ghana mysaldyng ózinen-aq elge oralghan otandastarymyzdyng bәrining birdey ózderining atamekenderine shekesinen qaramaytynyn, ansaghan Qazaqstanymyzdyng bir púshpaghynan oryn búiyrghanyna tәube dep, ózge júrtpen birge enbek etip, tynysh qana ómir sýrip jatqandaryn angharugha bolady. Shynyn aitsaq, Qazaqstanda ómir boyy taban audarmay túryp kelgen jәne elding ósip-órkendeuine belgili bir dәrejede ýlesterin qosqan qazaqtardyng da mynaday aumaly-tókpeli naryq zamanynda shekelerining shylqyp túrghany shamaly. Tynday bersen, olardyng da aqtaryp salar nazdary az emes. Ókpelerin qoldaryna ústap jýrgen aghayyndardyng eki qolgha bir júmys taba almay daghdarghan sol qandastaryna da bir qarap qoyghandary artyq bolmas edi. Al endi, óz eline ózi búldanbaytyn, óz eline ózi qonaq bolmaytyn, memleket tarapynan kórsetilgen kómekti qanaghat etip, odan arghysyn óz tirligimen jalghastyryp әketip jatqan aghayyndargha qazaqstandyqtar da riza. Qaramyz kóbeyer edi, sonday aghayyndar kóbirek kelse eken dep tileydi...
Seyfolla ShAYYNGhAZY.
«Egemen Qazaqstan» gazeti