Covid-19. Olqylyqtarymyz ben jetistikterimiz...
Birinshi ret Qytaydyng Uhan qalasynda bastalyp, býkil dýniyejýzin jaylap ýlgergen koronovirus indeti elimizde tarala bastalghanyna bir jyldan asty. 10 nauryzdaghy mәlimetke qaraghanda, búl aurugha jer sharynda 118 mln adam shaldyghyp, odan kóz júmghandar sany 2,4 mln-gha jetken. AQSh pen Meksika, Ýndistan, Batys Europa elderinde indet qatty órship túr. Mәselen AQSh-ta auru júqtyrghandar 30 millionnan asty, qaytys bolghandar 534 myn. Braziliyada sәikestire alghanda - 12,4 mln jәne 277 myn. Ýndistanda - 12,5 mln jәne 460 myn. Halyq sany 145 mln Reseyde 4.5 million adam auru júqtyryp, opat bolghandar 90 mynnan asty. Al 18,7 mln túrghyny bar Qazaqstanda 227 mynnan asa adam kovidke shaldyghyp, 2830 nauqas qaytys bolghan. Virusty etiologiyaly pnevmoniyamen 49670 adam auyryp, 657 ómirden ozghan.
Men dәriger bolmasam da, jarty ghasyrdan asa ósimdikter patologiyasymen ainalysqandyqtan mikrobiologiya salasynan, virusologiyadan biraz habarym bar. Sol sebepti koronovirus pandemiyasy bastalysymen ghalamtorda jariyalanghan aqparattardy taldap, qorytyndy jasap, «Abai.kz» portalynda ýsh maqala jariyaladym.
Ótken jyly 18 nauryzda jaryq kórgen: «Koronovirus pandemiyagha ainaldy» degen maqalamda indet 9-14 nauryz aralyghynda Germaniya men Italiyadan oralghan 4 otandasymyzda bayqalghanyn, olarmen birge kelgen 200-den asa jolaushylardyng kópshiligi karantinge oqshaulanbaghandyqtan infeksiya tez tarala bastaghanyn, 18 nauryzda ol 33, onyng ishinde Almatyda 15, Núr-Súltanda 18 adamda tirkelgenin jazghan edim.
Koronovirustyng elimizde keng taralyp ketuine jol bermeu ýshin memleket basshysy arnayy qauly qabyldap, sanitarlyq gigiyenalyq sharalar iske asyryla bastady. Mektep oqushylary men jogharghy oqu oryndarynyng studentteri mezgilinen erte demalysqa jiberildi. Kóp adam qatysatyn halyqaralyq jәne qoghamdyq sharalar, toy tomalaqtar dogharyldy nemese shekteldi. Ásirese bir uaqytta myndaghan adamdar jinalatyn júma namazyn mýlde dogharghany dúrys boldy.
Qazaqstan telearnasynyng «Ashyq alan» baghdarlamasy ayasynda Densaulyq saqtau ministrligining jauapty qyzmetkeri Dias Ahmetshәrip pen professor Dinagýl Bayasheva jәne t.b. qatysuymen bes-alty ret súhbat jýrgizilip, indetten saqtanu sharalary nasihattaldy. «Qoldy tәuligine birneshe ret sabyndap juu, arnayy qospalar nemese spirtpen zararsyzdandyru, qol berip amandaspau, týshkirseng auzyndy oramalmen nemese jeninmen jabu, jabayy andar men qústardan aulaq jýru, deneni shynyqtyru, aghzanyng dertke beriktigin nyghaytu ýshin kókónister qoldanu qajettigine nazar audaryldy. Kóp nәrsege nemqúrayly qaraytyn bizding otandastarymyzdyng saqtyq sharalaryn búljytpay oryndauy ekitalay edi.
Koronovirus Qytayda tarala bastaghannan elimizge eki-ýsh aidan keyin kelgenimen, indetpen kýresuge dayyndyghymyz shamaly ekeni belgili boldy. Ol negizinen túmau siyaqty aua arqyly (vozdushno-kapelinaya infeksiya) júghatyndyqtan kóshede, qoghamdyq oryndar men kólikterde betperde paydalanu qajettigine kónil audarylmady. Onyng sebebi keyin belgili boldy: Alyp satarlar tabysqa kenelu ýshin halyqtyng múqtajdyghyn paydalanyp, dәrihanalarda 20-25 tenge túratyn betperdelerdi kótere (optom) alyp, 200-250 tengeden sata bastapty. Almatyda olardy tigetin ýsh-tórt seh bar eken, biraq Qytaydan keletin shiykizattyng joqtyghynan júmystary túralapty. Shymkentten halyq sany bir milliongha taqaghan «Núr-Súltangha» jýz myng dana betperde jiberilmek boldy. Onyng ýstine ony ýsh-tórt saghat sayyn auystyryp otyru kerek dep dәriger kenes berip jatty. Pavlodarda tәuligine 500 mynday betperde shygharugha mýmkindik bar eken, biraq ol iske kirise qoymapty. Nauryz aiyndaghy elimizdegi jaghday osylay boldy. Qoghamdyq oryndar men kóshelerde betperde taqqan biren-saran adamdar ghana kezdesetin.
Koronovirustyng elimizde keng taralyp ketuine jol bermeu ýshin elimizde 16 nauryzdan tótenshe jaghday jariyalanyp, eki aigha sozyldy. Qalalarda blokpostylar qoyylyp, avtokólik qatynastary toqtalyp, azamattardyng kóshege shyghuy qatang shekteldi. Kópqabatty túrghyn ýilerdi birinde kovidke shaldyqqan nauqas bayqalsa, ghimarat karantinge alynyp, kireberisteri men ainalasy, qalalarda halyq kóp jýretin kósheler men sayabaqtar, qoghamdyq kólikter men ayaldamalar zararsyzdandyryldy. Áriyne sanitarlyq-gigiyenalyq túrghydan búl shara qajet shyghar, biraq virus jogharghy temperaturagha berik, ony joyatyn birde-bir himiyalyq zat joq ekenin eskersek, milliarrdataghan budjet qarajaty bosqa ysyraptaldy.
«Abai.kz» portalynda jariyalanghan ekinshi maqalam: «Koronovirus, ekonomika jәne azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi» dep ataldy. Onda indetting dýniyejýzining ekonomikasyna keri әserine, atap aitqanda qalypty halyqaralyq qatynastar dogharylyp, birtalay memleketter shekaralaryn jauyp, óndiris toqyrap jatqanyna toqtalghan edim. Olardyng saldary jәne múnay baghasynyng tómendeuinen biraz elderding últtyq valutasy qúldyrap, Qazaqstanda bir AQSh dollary 400-440 tengege deyin kóterildi. Qorghanys zattary, virusty anyqtaytyn test, dәri-dәrmekter men medisinalyq qúral jabdyqtar jәne t.b. qajettiliktermen qatar, dertke shaldyqqan azamattardy emdeuge memleket budjetinen orasan qarjy júmsaldy. Ótken jyldyng mamyr aiynda koronoviruspen kýresuge 6 trillion tenge nemese 13 milliard dollar, JIÓ-ning 8 %-gha juyq qarjysy júmsaldy degen aqparat boldy. Densaulyq saqtau ministr A.Soydyng resmy deregi boyynsha 2020 jyly koronovirusty shekteuge 114 mlrd 826 mln, Qarjy ministrining birinshi orynbasary B.Sholpanqýlynyng mәlimetine sәikes 191,9 milliard tenge júmsalypty. Medisina qyzmetkerlerinin eren enbekteri eskerilip, olargha ruhany jәne qarjylay qoldau jasalyp, birinshi topqa jatatyndardyng jalaqysyna qosymsha tólemaqy berildi. Ótken jylghy 26 tamyzdaghy mәlimetke sәikes qyzmet barysynda 8532 dәriger koronovirus júqtyryp, 230-y dertten qaza bolypty.
Preziydent Q.Toqaev tótenshe jaghdaygha baylanysty joldauynda halyqty azyq-týlikpen qamtamasyz etuge basa nazar audaryp, auylsharuashylyq óndirisin qoldaugha 5 payyzdyq ýstememen 70 milliard, kóktemgi egis júmystaryn mezgilinde atqarugha arzandatylghan janarmay jәne basqa qajetti materialdarmen qamtamasyz etu ýshin sharua qojalyqtaryna 100 mlrd tenge qarajat bólinetinin mәlimdegen edi.
Ókinishke oray karantindik sharalargha baylanysty sharuaqojalyqtary biraz qiynshylyqtargha tap boldy. Feysbukte elimizding azyq-týlik korporasiyasy basqarmasynyng tóraghasy Almasbek Sadyrbaevtyng Preziydent Q. Toqaev pen Premier ministr A. Maminge joldauy jariyalanghan edi. Ol karantindik sharalardy qadaghalau ýshin qoyylghan blokpostylarda otyrghandar neshe týrli anyqtamalar talap etetinin, jalpylay rәsimdelgen belgili bir qújat joq ekenine toqtala kele, kópshilik sharua qojalyqtary túqym, janar-jagharmay, gerbisidter jәne t.b. egis nauqandaryna qajet materialdardy oblys ortalyqtarynan jetkize almaghandyqtan, egis nauqandarynan bas tartugha mәjbýr bolyp otyrghanyna nazar audarghan edi.
Koronovirus pandemiyasyna qaramastan elimizding agrarlyq sektory ótken jyldy tabyspen ayaqtady. Auylsharuashylyghyna bólingen innovasiya 15 payyzgha úlghayyp, nәtiyjesinde azyq-týlik ónimderin óndiru 5,6 %-gha artyp, onyng jalpy qúny 6,3 trillion tengeni qúrady. Et pen sýt jәne basqa malsharuashylyq ónimderi 3 payyzgha kóbeyip 2,6 trillion tengege jetti. 18,3 million tonna astyq jinalyp, nan ónimderimen elimizding túrghyndary tolyq qamtamasyz etilip, 7-8 million tonna biday men ún kórshi elderge eksportqa shygharyldy.
Osy maqalada koronovirus jyl ayaghynda nemese kelesi jyldyng basynda qaytalanyp, derttin zardaby әlde qayda joghary boluy mýmkin ekenine toqtalghan edim. Biz Qytay ýkimeti siyaqty bir-eki aptada birneshe myng adamgha arnalghan auruhana sala almaytynymyzdy eskerip, Almaty men Núr Súltan, Shymkentpen qatar, oblys ortalyqtarynda júqpaly auruhanalar jәne dәrigerlerge arnalghan jataqhanalar men ashanalar salyp, iske qosu qajet ekenine nazar audardym. Áriyne. Ótken jyly Elordada dýniyejýzilik jetistikter men tәjiriybeni eskere otyryp eki jýz adamgha arnalghan jana auruhana salynyp, paydalanugha berildi. Onyng qúrylys júmystary men qajetti qúral jabdyqtaryna besjarym milliard qarjy júmsalypty. Almaty men Shymkent qalalarynda jәne oblys ortalyqtarynda 16 moduldy auruhanalar salynyp iske qosyldy.
Bir millionnan asa túrghyndary bar megapolister Almaty men Núr-Súltan jәne Shymkent qalalary koronovirus pen pnevmoniyanyng taraluy boyynsha alghashqy oryndarda boldy. Indetterding kóp taralghan aimaqtary óndiris damyghan Atyrau, Aqtóbe, Qaraghandy, Pavlodar oblystary ekenin, demek toy tomalaqpen qatar, júmysshylar shoghyrlanghan kәsiporyndarda sanitarlyq jәne gigiyenalyq talaptardyng saqtalmauy indetting taraluyna sebepker bolyp otyrghanyna toqtalghan edim. Atyrauda júmysta bolghan jýzge juyq júmysshylar koronovirus júqtyryp, ýilerine qaytarylghany jayly aqparat bolghan.
Koronovirus elimizde jana tarala bastaghan kezde shetelderden oralghan myndaghan azamattardy eki apta karantinde ústap, nauqas adamgha jaqyn bolghandardy provizorlyq emhanalargha jatqyzyp, kóp qabatty ýiding bir pәterinde indetke shaldyqqan adam tirkelse, ony tútasymen karantinge alyp, ainalasy men kireberisterin zararsyzdandyrugha milliardtaghan qarajat júmsaldy. Biraq koronovirus pen pnevmoniya asqyndaghan mamyr, mausym men shilde ailarynda emhanalarda oryn tapshy bolghandyqtan olargha tek auyr nauqastar ghana jatqyzylyp, jenil jәne ortasha dәrejede auyrghandardyng kópshiligi ýiinde emdeluge mәjbýr boldy. A. Abdrasulov ótken jyly shildede auruhanalarda oryn bolmaghandyqtan nauqastar koridorda jatqanyn jazypty.
Múnay baghasynyng qúldyrauy, әue men temir jol qatynastary, turizm salalarynyn, kóptegen iri óndiris oshaqtary men kәsiporyndar, orta jәne shaghyn biznes subektilerining toqyrauyna baylanysty memleket budjetine týsetin salyq bir trillion 700 mlrd tengege azayghanyna, tótenshe jaghdaygha baylanysty júmyssyz qalghan ýsh milliongha juyq azamattardy qarjylay qoldaugha memleket budjetinen milliardtaghan qarjy júmsalyp jatqanyn, sondyqtan ekonomikany qúldyraudan qútqaru ýshin qatang ýnemdeu sayasatyna kóshuimiz kerek jәne tómendegi sharalardy iske asyru qajet ekenin nazar audarghan edim.
►Almaty men Núr -Súltanda jәne oblys ortalyqtarynda milliardtaghan qarjy júmsalatyn jobalar men qúrylystardy toqtatu;
►Sport pen mәdeniyet salalaryna bólinetin qarajatty qysqartu, әsirese aiyna birneshe million jalaqy tólep shetel legiondaryn shaqyrudy dogharu;
►Ártýrli ministrlikter men әkimshilikterde, «Samúryq Qazyna», «QazMúnaygaz», «QazAgro» jәne t.s.s. kvaziymemlekettik mekemelerde isteytin sheneunikterding sanyn qysqartyp, jalaqysyn shekteu;
► Baylyghyn offshorlyq aimaqtarda jasyryp otyrghan zandy jәne jeke túlghalardyng qarjysyn elimizge qaytaryp, otandyq ekonomikany qoldaugha paydalanu;
►Tabysyna baylanysty jana salyq jýiesin endiru; mәselen ailyq jalaqysy 250-300 myng tengeden assa ústalatyn salyq 15%, 500 myng - 1 mln bolsa - 20- 30 % gha deyin jogharylatu;
► Parlament deputattarynyng jalaqysy men olargha kórsetiletin qyzmetterdi shekteu.
Ótken jyldyng 13 shildesinde jariyalanghan: «Koronovirus men pnevmoniya órship túr» degen maqalamda indetting birinshi tolqynyn auyzdyqtay almay túrghanda, jyghylghangha júdyryq degendey oghan pnevmoniya qosylghanyna toqtalghan edim. Mausym aiynda búl indetke 623 adam shaldyqqan, nemese kórsetkish ótken jylmen salystyrghanda 2,3 ese joghary, 1- 8 shilde aralyghynda 56809 nauqas tirkelip, 39 702-ynyng etiologiyasy virustyq, 9789 bakteriyaly ekeni anyqtalypty. Resmy derekterge qaraghanda jarty jylda pnevmoniyadan 1780, koronovirustan 375 adam qaytys bolypty.
Songhy kezde Qazaqstanda keng taralghan búl aurudy dýniyejýzilik densaulyq saqtau úiymy (DDSÚ) koronovirus indetining bir týri degen boljam jasaghanyn, osyny eskersek, býgingi tanda oghan shaldyqqandar 250 mynnan, qaytys bolghandar 2 mynnan asqanyn jazghan edim. Ókinishke oray Ókpeni jasandy tynystandyru apparatynyn, dәri dәrmekterdin tapshylyghynan talay nauqastar, ishinde elimizge belgili túlghalar men sayasatkerler qaytys boldy. Elimizde tek tamyz aiynyng sonyna qaray pnevmoniyagha shaldyqqandar men odan qaytys bolghandar jayly resmy aqparat berile bastady.
Osy maqalamda densaulyq saqtau salasyndaghy ózekti mәselening biri nauqastargha qajet dәri-dәrmekter, qorghanys kiyimderi men arnayy qúraldardyng jetispeuine nazar audarghan edim. Dәri dәrmekterding 85 payyzy 884 mln AQSh dollaryna importtalyp kelgen eken: birinshi orynda Germaniya, ekinshi – Resey, otandyq óndiristing ýlesi 15 payyzdan aspaghan.
Pnevmoniyanyng keng taraluy, kovidke shaldyqqan azamattardyng kópshiligi ýide emdeluine baylanysty súranys artyp, dýrbelennen dәrihanalarda kóptegen dәriler tez arada satylyp, zәruge ainala bastaghan edi. Olar Resey men Ózbekstan jәne Týrkiya men Ýndistannan tasymaldandy. Batys Europa men Týrkiyada túratyn qandastarymyz da gumanitarlyq kómek retinde dәri-dәrmekter men qorghanys, tynys alu qúraldaryn jibergenine toqtaldym. Alypsatarlar onay tabys tabu ýshin dәri dәrmekter men qorghanys zattaryn zansyz satumen ainalysyp, birazyn qúqyq qorghau qyzmetkerleri ústaghanyn, jalpy qúny 725 mln 182 myng zattar tәrkilengenine toqtalghan edim. Batys Qazaqstan oblysynyng shekarasynan Reseyge 6,7 mln betperde, 40 myng antiyseptikter, bir myn dana qorghanys kostumderin ótkizbek bolghan.
Egemendik jyldary múnay baghasy sharyqtap, budjetke milliardtaghan qarjy týsip jatqan jyldary otandyq dәri óndirisin qolgha alugha bolatyn edi. Osyghan oray Preziydent Q.K. Toqaev: «Biz qashanghy dәri dәrmekke tәueldi bolamyz, namys qayda?», dep búl últtyq qauipsizdik mәselesi ekenine nazar audardy. Memleket basshysynyng núsqauymen qúqyq qorghau jәne sybaylas jemqorlyqpen kýres mekemelerining qyzmetkerleri alypsatarlarmen ymyrasyz kýres jýrgizdi .
Osy maqalamda Covid -19 virusyn anyqtaytyn otandyq test jýie qajet ekenine, Qytay men Resey, AQSh pen Batys Europa ghalymdarymen birlese dertke qarsy vaksina shygharyp, qoldanudy tezdetu qajettigine nazar audarghan edim. Respublika biotehnologiya ortalyghynyng jauapty qyzmetkerining mәlimdeuinshe mausym aiynda bar joghy bes-alty myng otandyq test paydalanugha berilui josparlanghan eken. Búrynghy densaulyq ministri Birtanovtyng mәlimeti boyynsha ótken jyldyn 13 nauryzynda elimizde 15 myng PTR synama bolghan eken. 28 mausymdaghy aqparatqa sәikes bir aptada 500 myng adam tekseristen ótkenmen, kezekke túrghandar sany azaymaghan. Shilde men tamyz ailarynda Almaty qalasynda test jetispeuinen birneshe tәulikke zerthanalardyng júmysy toqtaldy. Covid-19 anyqtaytyn test osy kýnge deyin elimizge shetelderden, kóbinese Ontýstik Koreya men Reseyden tasymaldanuda.
Sonymen elimizde koronovirus pandemiyasy bastalyp, aldymen tótenshe jaghday, keyinnen lokdaun jәne karantindik sharalar iske asyryla bastaghanyna bir jyldan asty. Áriyne ol elimizding ekonomikasyna, halqymyzdyng tabysy men túrmys jaghdayyna, kýndelikti ómirine, qalyptasqan salt dәstýrine óz әserin tiygizbey qoymady. Memleketting qoldauyna qaramastan birtalay shaghyn jәne orta biznes oshaqtary jabyldy, júmyssyzdyq kóbeye týsti. Mektep oqushylary men jogharghy oqu oryndary studentterining qashyqtan oqu jýiesine kóshui elektrondy baylanys salasyndaghy kemshilikterding betin ashyp, milliardtaghan budjet qarajatynyng tiyimsiz júmsalghanyn nemese qoldy bolghanyn kórsetti. Alystaghy auyldardy bylay qoyghanda, Elorda týbindegi keybir eldi mekender túrghyndary ghalamtor qyzmetin paydalana almay әbigerge týsti. Koronovirus pandemiyasy ghylym, әsirese medisina salasynda olqylyqtar jetkilikti ekenin kórsetti.
Qaterli indetpen kýreste qol jetken jetistiktermen qatar, qap әttegen- ai, deytin ókinishter jetip artylady. Kóptegen elderdin tәjiriybesine nazar audarsaq, oryn alghan kemshilikter aiqyndala týskendey. Solardyn bәrine bolmasa da, negizgilerine toqtala ketkendi jón kórdim.
Birinshi. Elimizge endirilgen tótenshe jaghday (TJ) óz mindetin atqara aldy ma? Búl súraqqa ong jauap beru qiynyraq. Alghash Almaty men Núr-Súltan qalalarynda bayqalghan infeksiya bir aidyng ishinde elimizding barlyq aimaqtaryna taralyp ýlgerdi. TJ-gha baylanysty iri qalalardyng shetine blokpostylar qoyylyp, tәulik boyy kýzet jýrgizu ýshin tәrtip saqshylary men dәrigerlermen qatar, әskeriyler tehnikalarymen, keyinirek әskery mindetti azamattardy tartudyng qanday qajettiligi bar edi? Mәselen Almaty qalasynyng ainalasyna otyzdan asa blokpostylar qoyyldy. Olardyng keybirinde qalagha kirgisi nemese shyqqysy kelgenderden polisiya qyzmetkerleri jýieli týrde para alyp kelgeni keyin belgili boldy. Blokpostylar arqyly mólsheri óte úsaq, mikroskop arqyly kórinbeytin virus infeksiyasynyng taraluyn toqtatu mýmkin emes edi. TJ kezinde qalada, әsirese kópqabatty ýilerde túratyn túrghyndargha eki ay boyy ýiqamaqta otyru onaygha týsken joq. Mәselen eki nemese ýsh bólmeli pәterde otbasy mýsheleri kóshege shyqpay otyrugha mәjbýr boldy. Onyng eki-ýsh erjetken balasy bolsa, әrqaysysy sabaqqa dayyndaluy kerek, demek komputer nemese smartfonmen júmys istep, ghalamtor paydalanady. Eng bastysy qala túrghyndary taza auada jýrip, ýide kóp qimyldamay otyrghandyqtan olardyng aurulargha qarsy immuniyteti tómendedi. TJ kezinde ishimdik saudasy, otbasylardyng ajyrasuy 40 payyzgha deyin artqan kórinedi. Qanshama shaghyn jәne ortasha kәsipkerler tabysynan airyldy, memleket eki milionnan asa adamgha 42,6 myng tenge kóleminde jәrdemaqy tóledi. TMD kenistiginde Belorusi, Batys Europada Shveysariya jәne t.b. memleketter tótenshe jaghday jariyalamady, Resey bizdegidey qatang shekteu sharalaryn qoldanbay, karantin jariyalady.
Ekinshi. Koronovirus pen pnevmoniyagha shaldyqqan túrghyndar jayly aqparattyng shynaylyghy kýmәn keltiredi. 25 nauryzdaghy resmy aqparatqa sәikes 236200 adamda KVI+ , 50152 - KVIY- júqtyrghan, demek nauqastar halyq sanyna shaqqanda 2 payyzgha jetpeydi. Ótken jyly 1-8 shilde aralyghynda pnevmoniyagha shaldyqqan 56809 nauqas tirkelip, 39702-nyng etiologiyasy virustyq, 9789 bakteriyaly ekeni jariyalanghan edi. Shilde aiynda oghan 250 myng adam shaldyqqany, kópshiligi virusty etiologiyaly ekeni, qaytys bolghandar 2 mynnan asqany jayly aqparat boldy. DDSÚ nyng arnayy sheshimi qabyldanghannan keyin búl indet jayly resmy aqparat qyrkýiek aiynynan berile bastady.
Ótken jyly Qazaqstan telearnasynyng «Ashyq alan» baghdarlamasy jýrgizgen súhbatta, janylmasam tamyz aiynda, mәjilis deputaty Týrkistan oblysynyng 70-80 payyzdan astam túrghyndary qaterli indetke shaldyqqany jayly aitqan edi. Osy mәlimdeme shyndyqqa ýilesetin siyaqty. Karantindik jәne saqtyq sharalar qatang saqtalynbay, toy tomalaqtar ótkizip, tipten jýzdegen adamdar qatysuymen kókpar úiymdastyrylyna qaramastan, qys ailary men nauryzda halyq sany bir milllionnan asatyn Shymkent qalasy, tyghyz ornalasqan Týrkistan men Jambyl oblystary kóbinese jasyl aimaqta boldy. Búl túrghyndar arasynda újymdyq immuniytet qalyptasuyna baylanysty boluy mýmkin.
Ýshinshi. Kýnde kógildir ekran men radiodan neshe ret qaytalanatyn saqtyq sharalardyng tiyimdiligi men oryndalu mýmkindigi kýmәn tudyrady. Mәselen, qoghamdyq oryndarda jóteletin nemese týshkiretin adamdardan 1,5 -2 metr qashyqtyqta túru. Jolaushylar toly avtobusta nemese azyq-týlik dýkenine kirsen kimning jótelip, týshkire qoyatynyn qaydan bilesin? Ótken jyly avtobusi jәne basqa qoghamdyq kólikterge otyratyn jolaushylar siymdylyghynan 50 payyzdan aspau kerek degen talap qoyyldy. Ony kim rettemek, jýrgizushini kim tyndaydy? Tanerteng qala túrghyndary qyzmetine ýlgeru, keshke qaray tezdetip ýiine jetu kerek. Beptperdeni eki ýsh saghat sayyn auystyryp túru, qoghamdyq kólikterde qolghap kiu, ony kýndelikti zararsyzdandyru jayly. Búl sharalar nauqastarmen jaqyn qatynasta bolatyn dәrigerler ýshin qajet ekeni kýmәn tudyrmaydy, al barlyq túrghyndar ýshin qanday qajettiligi bar? Infeksiya auru adammen jaqyn qatynasta bolghanda júghady. Bastapqy kezde jýz myng adamnyng ishinen, ótken jyly jaz ailarynda shamamen on -jiyrma myng adamnyng arasynda bir- eki nauqas kezdesui mýmkin edi. Lokdaun kezeninde kóshede, nemese sayabaqtarda ýsh adamnan artyq jinalmau eskertildi. Ayaldamada, dýkender men dәrihanalar aldynda birneshe adam túrsa, ne isteu kerek?
Tórtinshi. Koronovirusqa baylanysty memleket dengeyinde qabyldanghan keybir sharalardyn dúrystyghy kýman tudyrady. Mәselen bir jyldan asa jogharghy oqu oryndarynyng studentteri men mektep oqushylarynyng kópshiligi qashyqtyqtan oqyp, auyldyq jerlerde túratyndardyng birazy ghalamtor jýiesining mashaqatyn kórdi. Búl shara mektepte nemese uniyversiytette auru júqtyru qateri joghary bolatynyna negizdelgen bolu kerek. Resmy statistika boyynsha nәtiyje qarama-qayshy boldy. Mәselen ýstimizdegi jyldyng 10 aqpanynda jariyalanghan mәlimet boyynsha kovidke shaldyqqan 7500 oqushynyng jartysynan kóbi qashyqtyqtan oqyghandar, demek ýiinde otyryp auru júqtyrghandar. Batys Europa elderining tәjiriybesine nazar audarsaq, olardyng kópshiliginde off lain bilim beru saqtalypty. Shveysariya jәne t.b. elder mektep oqushylary men studentterdi qashyqtyqtan oqytugha indet asqynghannan keyin ghana auysypty. Elimizde jana oqu jylyn kýzde off lain formatta bastap, birinshi toqsandy, mýmkin ekinshini de bitiruge bolatyn edi. «Aqsaq qoy týsten keyin manyraydy» degendey, Bilim jәne Densaulyq saqtau ministrlikteri tómengi (1-5) jәne jogharghy (9-11) synyptar ýshin negizgi pәnderden sabaqtardy birinshi nauryzdan off lain formatta bastau turaly qauly qabyldady. Eger búryn bir klasta 15 oqushymen shektese, endi 25 oqushygha deyin rúhsat etildi. Ókinishke oray, Almaty men Núr -Súltanda indet órshuine baylanysty mektepterdi jabugha tura keldi.
27 nauryzda «Ashyq alan» baghdarlamasynda úiymdastyrylghan súhbatta sabaqtardy qashyqtyqtan oqytugha baylanysty oqushylardyng bilim dengeyi kýrt tómendep ketkeni, sheshuin qajet etetin biraz týitkilder jayly pikir talas boldy. Sala qyzmetkerleri jii tekserip «sanitarlyq normalar saqtalynbady» dep aiyppúl salatyny, ony mektep diyrektory tóleuge mәjbýr ekeni de aityldy. Jogharghy oqu oryndarynyng studentteri qaday bilim alyp, kurstan kursqa kóshirilip jatqany jayly resmy aqparat joqtyng qasy. Biz bir mәseleni úmytpauymyz kerek. Bolashaq qoghamnyng damuy adamy kapitalmen tyghyz baylanysty, ol tereng bili men biliktiliktilikpen anyqtalady. Búl jaghynan 2020 jyly 174 elding ishinde Qazaqstan 55 orynda boldy.
Besinshi. 2021 jyldyng qys ailarynda arnayy salynghan moduldyq emhanalardyng nauqastarmen toltyryluy 30-40 payyzdan aspady, demek 60-70% oryndar bos boldy. Aurugha shaldyqqan adamdardyng 5-6 myny stasionarlyq jaghdayda emdelse, 15-20 myny ýiinde emdelip jatty. Demek olardyng infeksiyany qarym qatynasta bolatyn jaqyndaryna júqtyru mýmkindigi artty. Osyghan baylanysty virusty pnevmoniya men kovidke shaldyqqan nauqastar ne sebepti oqshaulanyp, stasionarlyq jaghdayda emdelmeydi, degen súraq tuyndaydy. Ótken jyly tipten koronovirusqa shaldyqqan nauqaspen qatynasta boldy degen adamdardyng ózin izdep, provizorlyq emhanalargha jatqyzdyq emes pe?
Osyghan oray ghalamtordyng «Mir tesen» aidarynda Vadim Zemgagakov: «Ya iymeiy v vidu ugnetenie mozgovoy deyatelinosty raznogo roda administrasiy y inyh struktur, prinimaishih neadekvatnye, no obyazatelinye k ispolinenii zakony y postanovleniya», dep jazghany bizdin sanitarlyq epiydemiologiyalyq qyzmetkerlerding qararlary men qaulylary jayly aitylghanday.
Altynshy. Osy uaqytqa deyin koronovirus pen pnevmoniya indetterining mausymdyq damu erekshelikteri, olargha aua rayynyng tiygizetin әseri jayly naqty tújyrym joq siyaqty. Mәselen ótken jyly indet kóktemning sonyna qaray ýdep, jaz ailarynda, әsirese mausym men shildede qatty órship, kýzge qaray bәsensigendey boldy. Aqpan aiynda ótken mәjilis pen maslihat deputattarynyng saylauynan keyin biraz kóterilip, nauryz meyramynan song tipten órship ketti. Osy aralarda aua rayynda da aitarlyqtay ózgerister bolyp jatty, birese teriskey men kýngeyde kýn jylynyp kóktem shyqqanday bolsa, artynan ile shala qarly boran men ýskirik ayazgha almasty. Songhy tәulikterde Almaty men Núr Súltan qalalarynda jaghday mýlde kýrdelenip, tәuligine 400-500 nauqastar tirkelude, arnayy emhanalardyng 70-80 payyz tósek oryndarynda nauqastar jatqan kórinedi. Qazaq auylsharuashylyq uniyversiytetining zerthanasy ontýstik astanada koronovirustyng úlybritaniyalyq jәne afrikalyq shtamdaryn anyqtaghan kórinedi. Sonda elimizding medisina salasyndaghy ghylymy ortalyqtar men sanitarlyq epiydemiologiyalyq mekemeler ne bitirip otyr? degen súraq tuyndaydy.
Eng bastysy. Koronovirus indetining qaterin tómendetuding negizgi joly újymdyq immuniytet qalyptastyru, demek aurugha qarsy vaksina qoldanu. Búl júmys AQSh, Indiya, Batys Europa jәne t.b. elderde ótken jyldyng qantar aiynan qolgha alyndy. Mәselen, býgingi tanda AQSh 120 millionnan asa , Úlybritaniyada 20 milliongha juyq túrghyngha ekpe jasap ýlgergen. Ókinishke oray búl júmys bizde bayau jýrip jatyr. Densaulyq saqtau Ministri A. Soydyng mәlimetine qaraghanda 20 nauryzda Reseyding Sputnik V koronovirusqa qarsy egilgender 120 mynnan әreng asqan, negizinen dәrigerler men múghalimder jәne tәrtip saqshylary. Qaraghandyda atalghan vaksinany óndiretin zauyt iske qosylyp, sәuir aiynda bir milliongha juyq túrghyndargha ekpe jasalmaq, kýzge deyin 7-8 million adamgha ekpe jasap ýlgeremiz be?.. Eger otandyq «Kazkoviyd» ekpesining tiyimdiligi joghary bolyp, mausym aiynan bastap óndirile bastalsa, onda ne sebepti ministr A.Soy eki ýsh elden (ishinde Resey men Qytay bar) vaksina alu jayly kelissóz jýrgizip jatyr, degen súraq tuyndaydy.
Múrat Qoyshybaev,
Almaty qalasy
Abai.kz