Reseyge salynghan sanksiyalar songhy shiyrek ghasyrdaghy eng quatty әri auqymdy sanksiyalar sanalady. Sany jaghynan ol Iran, Soltýstik Koreya men Belarusi eline salynghan sanksiyalardy da basyp ozdy. Osynyng ózi Resey biyligining qanshalyqty agressiyalyq qadamgha baryp, qarsy reaksiya alghanynyng kórsetkishi bolsa kerek. 

Reseyge Ukrainagha soghys ashyp, basyp kirgeni ýshin sanksiyalardyng bes paketi salyndy. Birinshi paket Reseyding Lugansk jәne Donesk atty separatisterding ózin respublika dep jariyalauyn Reseyding resmy moyyndauyna baylanysty boldy.

Sanksiyalardyng birinshi paketi

21 aqpanda Amerika Qúrama Shtattary óz azamattaryna Luganks pen Doneskti Resey tarapy moyyndaghany ýshin Donbassqa investisiya salugha tyiym saldy. VEB, Promsvyazibank jәne olardyng 42 enshiles úiymy, onyng ishinde SSKA futbol klubyna, Reseyding joghary lauazymdy túlghalarynyng balalaryna, mysaly Denis Bortnikov, Petr Fradkov, Vladimir Kiriyenko qarsy sanksiyalar engizildi.

Germaniya «Soltýstik aghyn 2» gaz qúbyryn sertifikattaudy toqtatty. Búl Resey ýshin asa quatty soqqy boldy desek te bolady. Sebebi atalmysh qúbyr arqyly Resey Europagha gaz satudy eselep arttyryp, paydany eselep tabudy josparlady. Alayda mlrdtaghan dollar ketken joba aqyry iske qosylmady.

Úlybritaniya bes reseylik bankke jәne ýsh reseylik kәsipkerge Gennadiy Timchenko, Boris Rotenberg, Igori Rotenbergke qarsy sanksiya saldy. Austarliy men Kanada Reseyding kәsipkerleri men Memlekettik Duma deputattaryna qarsy sanksiyalardy tópelep saludy jón kórdi. Japoniya eli de sanksiyalargha qosyldy.

Europalyq Odaq separatisterdi qoldaghan Resey Memlekettik Dumasynyng 351 deputatyna qarsy sanksiyalar saldy. Olardan bólek sanksiyanyng suyq jeli  Sergey Shoygugha, Andrey Kostinge, Igori Shuvalovqa, Mariya Zaharovagha, Margarita Simonyangha, Vladimir Solovievke de tiydi. Resey naryghyndaghy birneshe kompaniyalar sanksiya jariyalanghan sәtte aksiyalary qúldyryp, kompaniyanyng enshiles úiymdaryn sata bastady. Búl sanksiya saludyng basy bolatyn.

Sanksiyalardyng ekinshi paketi 

Úlybritaniya Reseyge Ukrainagha basyp kirgeni ýshin sanksiya salu boyynsha belsendilik tanytuda. Ekinshi paketti de solar bastady. Aeroflotqa Úlybritaniyagha úshugha tyiym salynyp, el aumaghynda depozit ashugha shekteu qoyyldy.  Sonday-aq Reseyge múnay óndeuge arnalghan tehnologiyalar men jabdyqtardy importtaugha tyiym salyndy. Dәl osynday sharalar Belarusike de qoldanylady.

AQSh preziydenti Djo Bayden Reseyge qarsy joyqyn sanksiyalar paketin jariyalady. Reseylik kompaniyalardyng dollarmen, euromen, funtpen jәne iyenmen esep aiyrysu mýmkindigin shekteu,  joghary tehnologiyalyq ónimderding importyna shekteuler qoi, Reseyding iri memlekettik kompaniyalary ýshin AQSh jәne Europa naryghynda qaryz aludy shekteuler men Resey qaryzyn óteuge shekteuler qoy iske asty. Resey sayasatkerleri men әskery shendilerding tuystaryna sanksiyalar salynyp, olardyng syrttaghy qarjylary búghattaldy. AQSh óz aumaghyndaghy Resey bankterining aktivterin búghattaudy iske asyrdy.

EO sanksiyalargha qosylyp, Reseyding 300-den astam kompaniyasyna sanksiyalar saludy iske asyrdy. Resey azamattarynyng viza aluyn qiyndatudy bastady jәne Resey aktivterin tәrkileu men búghattaudy iske asyrdy.

25 aqpanda Euroodaq, Úlybritaniya, AQSh jәne Kanada preziydent Putinge onyng aktivterine tyiym saludy kózdeytin sanksiyalar salghanyn jariyalady. Putin Europalyq Odaqtyng sanksiyalar tiziminde Siriya men Belarusi preziydentteri Bashar Asad pen Aleksandr Lukashenkodan keyin ýshinshi memleket basshysy bolyp tirkeldi.

27 aqpanda Japoniya Putinge qarsy sanksiyalar salghanyn jariyalady. 28 aqpanda Australiya Putinge qarsy qarjylyq sanksiyalar engizip, oghan kiruge tyiym saldy, al Shveysariya EO sanksiyalaryna qosyldy.7 nauryzda Jana Zelandiya Putinge kiruge tyiym salsa, 17 nauryzda Putinning aktivterine búghattau qoyatynyn mәlimdedi.

Sanksiyalardyng ýshinshi paketi

Europalyq komissiya tóraghasy Ursula fon der Leyen jana ýshinshi sanksiyalar paketin jariyalan edi. AQSh, EO, Kanada jәne Úlybritaniyanyng birlesken sanksiyalary Resey rezervterin tolyq búghattau, Reseyden kelgen investorlar ýshin «altyn pasporttar» baghdarlamasyn joi, keybir reseylik bankterdi SWIFT jýiesinen ajyratudy kózdedi.

Europalyq Odaq 2022 jyldyng 12 nauryzynan bastap Reseyding jeti bankin SWIFT-ten ajyratty: VTB, Rossiya, Otkrytiye, Novikombank, Promsvyazibank, Sovkombank jәne VEB solardyng qatarynda boldy.

AQSh qorghanys salasyna qatysty 22 reseylik kompaniyagha qarsy sanksiyalar salu men múnay-gaz jabdyqtaryna eksporttyq baqylaudy búghattaytynyn jariyalady.

Germaniya, Finlyandiya, Ukraina, Norvegiya, Úlybritaniya jәne Europalyq Odaq Reseymen ghylym jәne bilim salasyndaghy baylanystaryn ýzdi. Úlybritaniyanyng zertteu jәne innovasiyalar agenttigi reseylik uniyversiytettermen baylanysy bar britandyq uniyversiytetterdegi jobalargha arnalghan 50 grantty toqtatty.

AQSh pen Europa elderi reseylik kompaniya ónimderin almau, reseylik ónimderge salyqty ósiru men Resey úshaqtary ýshin әue kenistigin jabyq dep jariyalaudy iske asyrdy.

Tórtinshi jәne besinshi paketter

Europalyq komissiya Reseyge qarsy qosymsha sanksiyalar jariyalady. Reseylik bolat ónimderining importyna tyiym salu, әskeriy-ónerkәsiptik keshenmen baylanysty birqatar memlekettik kәsiporyndarmen kez kelgen mәmileler jasaugha tolyq tyiym salu, Reseyding energetikalyq sektoryna jana investisiyalargha tyiym salu, EO-dan Reseyge qymbat әshekey búiymdar men tauarlardy eksporttaugha tyiym salu iske asty. Agressiyany qoldaghan Belarusiting DSÚ-gha kiru rәsimine tosqauyl qoyyldy. Reseyding defoltqa jaqyn dengeyi belgilene bastady, al reseylik ónerpazdar men sportshylardy týrli halyqaralyq sharalardan shettetu iske asty.

Reseyge sanksiya salu boyynsha altynshy paket EO elderi arasynda talqylanuda. Búl eng quatty sanksiyalar bolatyny aityluda. EO-gha mýshe 27 elding otyrysynda Reseyge qarsy altynshy sanksiyalar paketin qabyldau әzirge mýmkin bolmay túr. Vengriya múnay embargosyna qarsylyq tanytuda. Alayda EO elderi Vengriyagha rúqsat ete otyryp Resey gazy men múnayyna embargo jariyalau nemese oghan ótemaqy beru arqyly ony iske asyru jolyn jasauda. Búl Resey ýshin apatty sanksiya bolmaq, sebebi Resey múnayy men gazyn basty satyp alushlar EO elderi. Demek, Resey budjeti qarjylyq tapshylyqqa tap bolmaq.

Al Medvedev Reseyge salynghan sanksiyalar ondaghan jyldar boyy saqtaluy mýmkin degen oida. Al sarapshylar Reseyge salynghan sanksiya Kremli qansha maqtasa da, Resey ekonomikasyna ondyrtpay soqqy jasaghanyn moyyndap otyr. Toqsannyng toqyrauynday halyq kók paket kóterip, kóshe jaghala ketui de mýmkin deydi key jandar. Tipti Resey sauda joldarynan aiyrylyp, jana logistikalyq joldar izdeuge mәjbýr boluda...

Ashat Qasenghaliy

Abai.kz