Qazaq jerinde bolyp jatqan uaqighalardan qytay elinde túryp jatqan qazaqtar aiyrym qala almaydy. Ghalatordan qadaghalap otyramyz. Quanyshymyz ben qynjylysymyz birge. Gazetterdi ghalamtordan qol jete qalghan kezde oqyp qalamyz. Qyzyqtylaryn dereu kóshirip, el aralatyp jiberemiz. Múnshalyqty yqylas tughyzghan maqalalardyng biri  - Kamal Ábdirahman, Qabdesh Júmadilov, Bolat Nәsenov degen jazushy, tarihshylar arasyndaghy Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tughan jәne jerlengen jerine baylanysty taytalas boldy. Pikirler ekiúday bolghan song bizde qosylyp, «Jas Alashqa bilgenimizdi joldap edik, alty ay kóleminde baspay jatyr. Sonan keyin Sizderge saludy jón dedik. Mise tútsanyzdar basarsyzdar.

Qazaq jerinde bolyp jatqan uaqighalardan qytay elinde túryp jatqan qazaqtar aiyrym qala almaydy. Ghalatordan qadaghalap otyramyz. Quanyshymyz ben qynjylysymyz birge. Gazetterdi ghalamtordan qol jete qalghan kezde oqyp qalamyz. Qyzyqtylaryn dereu kóshirip, el aralatyp jiberemiz. Múnshalyqty yqylas tughyzghan maqalalardyng biri  - Kamal Ábdirahman, Qabdesh Júmadilov, Bolat Nәsenov degen jazushy, tarihshylar arasyndaghy Qarakerey Qabanbay batyrdyng tughan jәne jerlengen jerine baylanysty taytalas boldy. Pikirler ekiúday bolghan song bizde qosylyp, «Jas Alashqa bilgenimizdi joldap edik, alty ay kóleminde baspay jatyr. Sonan keyin Sizderge saludy jón dedik. Mise tútsanyzdar basarsyzdar.

Qabdesh Júmadilov Qabanbay batyrdyng tughan jәne ólgen jeri -  Tarbaghatay silemderi degendi nyghyzdap aityp jýr. Kamal Ábdirahman óz joramalyn úsynady. Arqada deydi. Qytayda tuyp- ósken, bizge et tanys Qabdesh Júmadilovtyng pikiri turaly aitayyq. Bizding qolymyzda bar qytay derekteri búl jazushyny qoldamaydy. Tariyhqa kelui de, ketui de tez ótken qaysar jonghar memleketi óz túsynda qazaq, qyrghyz, úighyr siyaqty halyqtargha talay zaual saldy. Qyrghyz ben úighyrdyng qalaghan jerin op-onay bauyryna basty. Qazaqty da talay jerinen ysyryp tastady. Mysaly, 1619 jylghy qytay sopylary әkelgen jazbalarda býgingi Semey jerine jetip alghan qalmaqtardyng jeti pútqana salghany, onda qalmaq sopylary mol ekeni anyq jazylghan. Al 1667 jylghy jazbada qalmaqtardyng ózara qyrqysynan sol pútqanalardyng sany azayghany aitylypty. Dәl osy kezderden 18 ghasyrdyng basyna deyin qalmaqtar qazaqtardan óte kóp jerlerdi tartyp alady. Qalmaq qazirgi Qazaqstannyng shyghysy men ontýstik shyghysyna, Tarbaghatay men Barlyq taularyna, Ertisting basy men orta túsyna, Erenqabyrghagha (Tiyani-Chan), Teristik jәne Ile Alataularyna, Ile jazyghyna ornalasyp, qazaqtardy yghystyrady. 1670 jyldary Ayagózge deyin jetedi. Qabdesh Júmadilovting qatalyghy osynda. Qabanbay batyr týgili onyng atalary da búl manda tuylghany tarih dәlelderden alshaq jatyr. Batyr baba búl jaqta tughan joq, Qabanbay batyr tughanda Tarbaghataydy qazaqtan tartyp alyp, qalmaq jaylap jatqan. Ótken jyly Qabanbay batyrdyng arghy atasy Mәmbet shejiresi shyqty. Sondaghy mәslihat shayda bar mәmbetter bir kisidey Qabanbaydyng әkesi Qojaqúl, onyng әkesi Mәmbet, onyng әkesi Bayjigit Saryarqada tughan dep qol qoydy. Búghan dәlel Qabanbay batyrdyng kindik úrpaghy, tóbe by Sýleymenning aituymen nayman týselinde jyrlanghan Kәribay aqynnyng «Múryn- Bayjigit» qissasy. Osynda Bayjigitting ýilengen jeri jóninde:

            «...Jaylauy Dәuletkerey Esil, Núra,

            Qúdalyq búrynghydan qalghan múra...»

deydi. Ánekey, Qabanbay batyrdyn, onyng ata- babalarynyng tughan, ósken óniri - Esil men Núra.

Qytay tarihy 1757 jyly  Pu De qolbasshynyng jasaghy Qabanbay batyr jasaghymen birneshe ret qaqtyghysyp, eki jaqtan shyghyn bolghanyn, qytay jaghy ólgen 300 qazaqtyng sol jaq qúlaqtaryn kesip alyp, Ortalyqqa jibergenin jazady. Jazbalarda Qabanbay batyr qytay sherigine soqqy ýstine soqqy bere otyryp, óz alamandaryn ekige bóledi, biri Semeyge qaray, ekinshisi Qarqaraly taularyna qaray dala soghysynyng amal-aylasymen jyljypty. Osy qaqtyghys turaly derekterde, aldynda qazaqtardan qalmaq, keyinnen qalmaqtardan qytay basyp alghan Ayagóz jerinen ary qaray Qarqaralygha deyingi dala bos jatqany, el joqtyghynan qytay әskeri azyqtan tarshylyq kórgeni aitylady. Qytay jiyanjýni onynshy aida amaly tausylsa kerek, keyin qaytypty. Al Qabdesh Júmadilov 1748 jyly Qabanbay batyr shyghysqa ilgerilep ketti dep «Daraboz» romanynda jazady. 1757 jyly qytay әskeri jetken jer - bir basy Semey many, ekinshi basy Qarqaraly bolsa, osy jerlerde qazaq otyrmasa, Qabanbay eli búl jaqta qalay otyrsyn? Nayman ol kezde Arqadan әli kóterilmegen. Qabdesh Júmadilovtiki qate derek.

1988 jyly qytay Ýkimetining qoldauymen Ýrimji qalasynda Zeynolla men Beysenghaly birigip «Qarakerey Qabanbay» degen kitap shyghardy. Sol kitapta ýlken qata jýrdi. Eki jazushy qatalasyp, 1758 jyly Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr Ýrimjige jylqy aidap baryp, jylqy saudasyn ashyp berdi degen jalghan derek keltirgen bolatyn. Osy qatany Qabdesh Júmadilov tipti óreskeldendirip, múny Qabanbay batyr 1748 jyldan bastap, ólgenine deyin Tarbaghatayda otyrdy degenge mysalgha tartypty. Shyndyghy búlay emes. Beyjinde 1991 jyly Ortalyq Ýkimet basqyzghan «Mәnching patshalyghy kezindegi batys-soltýstik últtarynyng sauda tarihy» degen kitapta «Ýrimji qazaq saudasy» degen taqyryp bar. Onda 1758 jylghy sauda jaghdayaty turaly bylay jazylady: (qysqarttyq) «9 aidyng 17-si kýni Ýrimjige qazaq sauda kerueni jetti. Nusan men Iundy patshamyzgha myna jaghdayatty mәlim etedi. Bas batyr Qabanbaydyng balasy Edige men inisi Tumetay 57 qazaqty bastap Ýrimjige keldi. Olar 380 jylqy әkeldi... Jylqyny asa jaqsy kóretin Edige jylqynyng baghasyn kóterudi talaptady. Edige men Tumetaydan bilgenimiz, qazaq saudagerleri aldynda eki ret jolgha shyghyp, Ýrimjining qay jaqta ekenin taba almay qaytyp ketipti. Edige Ýrimjige suyt jýrip, 30 kýnde jetkenin aitty». Shyndyq osynday. Qabanbay batyr 1757 jylghy Pu Demen qaqtyghystyng saldarynan kýdiktenip, Ýrimjige ózi kelmegen. Saudagha ynghayly úly Edigeni jibergen. Andanyzshy, Edige suyt 30 kýn jýripti. Jylqy maly jaldy, qondy bolsa kýnine 80 shaqyrym jele, ayandaydy. Sonda Edige  kemi 2000 shaqyrym jerden shyqqan ghoy. Al Ýrimji Tarbaghataydan tóte tartsa 400 shaqyrym. Edigeler tóbesin kórip otyrsa, qytaydan adasyp ne kórinipti? Negizinde Qabdesh Júmadilovting Qabanbay batyr Ýrimjige bardy degeni Qabanbay batyrdyng Tarbaghatayda ólgenine tiyanaq bola almaydy. Zeynolla ózining qata aqpar jazghanyn qazir moyyndap jýr. Adam qatelespey túra ma? Al Qabdesh Júmadilov osy qateni maldanam dep úrynyp otyr. Biraq moyyndaugha dәrmeni jeter me eken? Moyyndasa romanyndaghy uaqighasyn Zeynolla aghasynan kóshirip alghany, ótirikke qúrylghan bolyp shyghady. Biraq shyndyqqa bas úruy tiyis qoy.

Tarihshy Bolat Nәsenovte Qabanbay batyr 1760 jyldary shyghysqa ótip ketken degen qate pikirde eken. Shyndyghy mynaday. 1757 jylghy  Qabanbay batyrmen bolghan soghys kóshpendi elmen aiqasudyng erekshe ekenin, oghan qytay jaghy dayyn emes ekenin kórsetti.  Qabanbay qoly Semeyge jetpey qytay jaghy kisi salady. Qabanbay orystan kómek súray ma dep seskense kerek. Ot qaruly orystar qazaqqa qol sozsa, soghys ayaghy nemen bitetinin bir Qúday ghana biledi. Sonymen, 1758 jyly Ayakózding boyynda qytay men qazaq soghyspaugha, eki jaqqa tiyimdi kelisimge otyru ýshin ymyralasady. Eki jaq oilanyp, talaptaryn qoyyp 1762 jylgha deyin elshi jiberisip, osy jyly uaqytsha kelisimderge keledi. Sonyng qorytyndysynda qytay Ilening orta túsyna, Alakólding sol tústyq jaghasyna túraq salyp, jiyanjýnderin jiberedi. Qabdesh Júmadilov pen Bolat Nәsenov ózderi de qatelesip, eldi de qatelestirip, Qabanbay batyr kóship keldi dep qisynsyz jazyp jýr. Alakóldegi qytay bastyq 1810 jylgha deyin Alakóldi jaylap, Balqashqa deyingi jerlerdi kózdep otyrady. Osy jylgha deyin Ayakózding ong tústyghyna,  Alakólge qaray qazaqtardy qazaqtyng óz mekenine ótkizbeydi. Osy jaghdayatty qazaq tarihshysy Shoqan anau atam zamanda jazyp qaldyrghanyn qytay qazaqtary biz de bilemiz. Óitkeni el tarihy manyzdy. Qabdesh qytayda ósti, sóite túra osy uaqighalar jónindegi Nyghmet aghanyng jazghandaryn oqysa bolar edi. Óitpepti, anyzgha ilesip jýre beripti. Qazaqtar óz Ata mekenderi, bir kezde qalmaq, onan song qytay basyp qalghan jerleri- Altay, Tarbaghataygha 1810 jyldary sheginde qayta oralady. Búl turaly qazaq ghalymy Shoqan  men qytayda aty shyqqan tarihshy Nyghmet agha birauyzdy. Shyndyq osynda. Tarihtan beyhabar Qabdesh Júmadilovtyng Shoqanmen, Nyghymet aghamen taytalasyp, olardyng aitqandaryn teris etpegi qonymsyz-aq.

Qabanbay batyr 1758 jyldan bastap qytay baqylap otyrghan jerge kóshemin dese, qazaqtyng eng basty qolbasshysyna qytay quana-quana tandaghan jerin berer edi. Qabanbaydyng kelgeni tizege týspey otyrghan qazaqtyng teng jartysy kóship kelip, qytaydyng noqtasyn kiygeni, bodangha týskeni bolar edi. Biraq, Qabanbay batyr bodangha týsetin adam ba? Qarakerey Qabanbay batyr 1758- 1762 jylghy bitimderde qazaq jaghynan Abylaydan keyingi ekinshi adam bolyp sóz ústaghanyn qytay jaghy ashyq jazady. Tauday bolyp otyrdy, kesikti sózin aitqan shyghar.

Týptep kelgende aitarymyz, Qabdesh Júmadilov pen Bolat Nәsenovtardyng Qabanbay batyr 1748 jyldardan kóz júmghanynsha Tarbaghatay etegin mekendedi degenderi tarihty búrmalau. Zeynolla ózi teriske shygharyp otyrsa da Qabdesh jazushy Zeynollannyng qatasyn bilmey kóshirip  alghanyn moynyndaugha shamasy jetpepti. Biraq búl halyqty, qazaq tarihynyng iri túlghasy Qabanbay batyrdyng ghúmyryn búrmalau bolyp túr. Sondyqtan da búl qateni týzetu kerek. Qabanbay batyr tarihy túrghydan Tarbaghatay eteginde jerlenbegen.

Qytay ýkimeti qazaqtardyng qonys retin óte jiti qadaghalap otyrghan. Qay rudyng qashan, qaydan kelgenin, qay jerge toqtaghandaryn Alakóldegi bastyq tirkep, Ýrimjige údayy jiberip túrghan. Mysaly, 1816 jylghy 8 aida «Búryn tanys emes Bayjigit degender Ayakózden beri ótipti. Bayqasaq, olar maldy, jylqyly, bay kórinedi» dep jazypty. Qabdesh Júmadilovqa aitarymyz, mine, Qabanbay eli Bayjigitter alghash ret, Qabanbay o dýniyelik bolghannan song 60 nesheme jyldan keyin ghana Ayakóz manynan kórindi. 1748 jyl qayda, 1816 jyl qayda? Osynday dәiekten song Qabanbay batyrdy Tarbaghatay eteginde jerlendi deu qay tariyhqa siyady?

Endi Kamal Ábdirahmannyng derekterine kelsek, Qabanbay batyrdyng barlyq jón biletin úrpaghy búl kisining Qabanbay batyr Arqada jerlengeni turaly pikirimen birles. Bayjigit, Mәmbet shejirelerimen dóp keledi deydi. Búl kisi ótken jyldary birneshe ret saparlap kelip, Mәmbettermen, Qabanbay batyrdyng úrpaqtarymen kóp kezdesipti. Óz biletinderin Batyr úrpaqtarymen bólisipti. Mәmbet, Qojaqúldar Qabanbay batyrdy Kamaldyng sonshalyqty tereng biletinine bas shúlghyp otyr. Men búl kisini tanymaymyn. Eki adam birigip, әdiletsiz jazghyryp jatqan song ózim biletin qytay mәlimetterin úsynghandy jón kórdim. Kamal Ábdirahman qytay qazaqtaryna «Ókiresh Shal» degen kólemdi maqalasymen tanys. Maqala «Múra» jurnalyna jariyalanyp, qytaydaghy qazaq tarihshylary, shejireshileri arasynan kótere baghalandy. Tyng oilary, erinbey el aralap jýrgeni riza etti.

Mening biletinim - Qabdesh jazushy men jalghan taryiyqshy Bolat Nәsenov qiys sóilep, eldi adastyryp, qapiyada tarihty býldirip jýr.

Qytay, Ýrimji.

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