Zaman ozyp, jer tozghan ghasyrda ómir sýrsekte zamanauy búqaralyq aqparat qúraldary jyldan jylgha kýsheyip, ózgerude. Media-kenistiktikting atalmysh búl zamanuy sipaty jana mindetter men mýmkindikterdi zannamalyq túrghydan retteudi qajet etpek. Media salasyna engizilgen jana zang osy syny túrghydan  qauip-qaterlerge jauap bolmaq. Sonday-aq, óz kezeginde media ortanyng damuy men júmys isteui ýshin túraqty jәne әdil qúqyqtyq bazany qúrugha degen úmtylys bolyp tabylady.

Mass media óz kezeginde zaman talabyna say platformalar men media formattardyng keng auqymyn qamtidy: dәstýrli gazetter men teledidardan bastap onlayn basylymdargha, blogtargha, әleumettik jelilerge jәne aghyndyq qyzmetterge deyin. Búl túrghyda tehnologiyanyng jyldam damu satysy óz kezeginde aqparatty jyldam óndiruge, taratugha jәne tútynugha eleuli ózgerister әkeldi. Nәtiyjesinde aragha bir jyl salyp BAQ turaly zangha preziydentimiz qol qoydy. Osy tústa BAQ-qa engizilgen jana zandar jayly ardager jurnalisterding pikirin bileyik dep, Jas Qazaq gazetining Bas redaktory, KTK telearnasy Bas diyrektorynyng orynbasary Srayyl Smayyl myrzamen súhbattasqan edik:

Suret spiykerding jeke múraghatynan alyndy

– Úzaq uaqyt talqygha týsken zangha nýkte qoyyldy. Jana zang jayly oiynyz? Oqyp shyqtynyz ba?

– Atauy aityp túrghanday, búl zang dәstýrli BAQ - gazet, jurnal, televiziya, radio, aqparat agenttikterin ghana emes, býkil mediany - internet resurstaryn da qamtidy. Ózgeris kóp. Sonyng ishinde jurnalisting erekshe mәrtebesi men qúqyghynyng qorghaluy, qazaqtildi auditoriyanyng órisin keneytu, memlekettik emes BAQ-ty grant arqyly qarjylandyru, elimizge habar taratatyn sheteldik telearnalardyng bizding teleónimdi kórsetuge mindetteluine qatysty baptar bar. Songhy jyldary qazaqtildi oqyrman men kórermenning kóbeygeni belgili. Osyghan oray, zanda TV-da qazaqsha kontentti aldaghy eki jylda 60 payyzgha kóbeytu kózdelgen. Bolashaqta onyng kólemi úlghayatyn bolady.

Jurnalisterding qúqyghy demekshi, jazylghan nemese kórsetilgen dýnie boyynsha talap -aryz merzimi 1 jyl bolyp belgilendi. Yaghniy,

Endi eki nemese odan kóp uaqyt búryn jazghan maqalasyndaghy derekter ýshin jurnalisti jauapqa tarta almaydy. Aldynghy qújatta merzimsiz bolatyn. Jalpy, búl zang otandyq BAQ-tyng júmysyna tyng serpin berip, sapaly kontent jasaugha, sol arqyly bәsekege qabiletti boluyna septigin tiygizedi dep oilaymyn.

– Atalghan qújatta taghy qanday ondy ózgerister bar?

– «Mass media turaly» Zang barlyq aqparat qúraldarynyn, sonyng ishinde, Internet resurstardyng damuyna yqpal eteri anyq. Búl rette әlginde aitylghan memlekettik emes BAQ-ty grant jýiesimen qarjylandyru tetigining engizilui manyzdy faktor. Qarjylandyruda tariften smetalyq jýiege kóshu sayttargha, gazet pen jurnaldar ýshin tiyimdi-aq. Aqparat qúraly óz jobasyn úsynyp, qazir aqsap túrghan salalyq jurnalistikany damytady. Taghy bir janalyq. Aqparat agenttigi retinde tirkeletin sayttar endi Internet-basylym bolady. Jana zang dәstýrli gazet pen jurnaldardyn, olardyng sayttaryna da jana mýmkindikter beredi.

Al jana zang jayly sayt jurnalisteri ne oilaydy eken? ZAKON.KZ saytynyng jurnalisti, frilanser Múhit Túrsynәlining jana zang jayly pikiri:

– Jana zannyng artyqshylyqtary qanday?

– Jana zanda, mening jeke pikirimshe, eng basty artyqshylyq – jurnalisting erekshe mәrtebesi jәne zang aldynda quynym merzimin naqty 1 jyl etip bekitu. Mәrtebe turaly kóp aityp ketuding qajeti joq deshti, al zang aldynda qudalanu әlsiregeni aityp keterliktey ózgeris. Jana Mass media turaly zang jurnalisterge kez-kelgen qúzyretti organ tarapynan quynym bastaugha bir-aq jyl beredi. Jariyalanym merzimi bir jyldan asqan sәtte BAQ ókiline tiyise almaydy. Búl belgili adamgha únamay qalghan jurnalisti jalghan aiyptaugha ýlken kedergi. Nemese tәjiriybeli jurnalisti mansabyn bastaghan kezdegi qatelikteri ýshin qudalaudy aldyn alady.

– Jana qújatta memlekettik jәne memlekettik emes BAQ úghymdaryn ajyratu da qamtylghan. Múnyng jýzege asu prosessi qalay bolmaq? Bólip-jaru emes pe sizding she?

– Mening jeke pikirimshe, jәne de men solay bolghanyn qalaymyn, memlekettik BAQ pen jeke BAQ-ty bólu tek zang jýzinde bolar. Búnyng qanday artyqshylyqtary bar.

Aqparattyng tәuelsizdigi: bólinu jeke búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng memlekettik yqpalgha tәuelsiz júmys isteuine mýmkindik beredi, búl oqighalardy әr týrli jәne obektivti týrde jariyalaugha yqpal etui mýmkin. Pikirlerding әrtýrliligi: bólinu demokratiyalyq prosess pen qoghamdyq diskurs ýshin manyzdy qoghamdaghy әrtýrli kózqarastar men pikirlerding boluyna yqpal etedi.

Monopoliyalandyrudyng aldyn alu: Memlekettik BAQ-ta qoghamdyq pikirge әser etu ýshin kóbirek resurstar men mýmkindikter bar. Bólinu memleketting aqparattyq kenistikti monopoliyalauyna jol bermeydi.

Dese de memleket tarapynan tónetin qauip – jeke BAQ-tardy zang jýzinde qudalau. Bqnday oqighalar Qazaqstanda oryn alady ma, әlde joq pa, әzirshe beymәlim, uaqyt kórseter dep oilaymyn.

– Jana zangha sizding qanday alyp qosar úsynystarynyz bar edi?

– Marqúm Altynbek Sәrsenbay kókemizdin: jurnalisti kәsiby qatelik ýshin zang jýzinde qudalaugha bolmaydy, – dep aityp ketken sózderi bar edi. Rasynda, damyghan elderde jurnalister esh uayymsyz oilaghan pikirlerin aityp, qatelesip jatsa da qoghamdyq ómirge әserlerin tiygizude. Sol tarapta, bizding jurnalisterge de sonday erkindik kerek edi. Jalghan kóp bolyp ketedi dep aitushylargha jauabym: jurnalist óz bedeline, baghana aityp ketken erekshe mәrtebesine júmys isteydi. Ótirikti úryp aita beretin adamdy, redaksiyany kim tyndamaq?! Bolmay bara jatsa, adamdy qaralau, kemsitu maqsatynda aitylyp, jazylghan zattargha ghana zang aldynda jauapqa tartsa dúrys bolar edi. Mening jana jobadan kýtken basty ýmitim osy boldy.

Suret spiykerding jeke múraghatynan alyndy

Sonymen qatar jurnalist retinde BQO, Qaztalov audany әkimining kómekshisi, audan әkimdigining baspasóz hatshysy Asylbek Nәsipqaliyúlynyng da jana zang jayly oiyn bilgimiz keldi.

– Jana zang jayly pikiriniz qanday? Artyq-kem túsy bar ma?

– «Mass media turaly» QR Zany elimizdegi búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng qyzmetin arttyratyn jәne «jurnalist mәrtebesin» aiqyndap berdi.  Memleket basshysynyng tapsyrmasymen mass-media salasyndaghy týitkildi mәseleler talqylanyp, komissiya mýshelerining de, qoghamnyng da pikirleri eskerildi dep oilaymyn.  Jalpy zang jurnalistika salasynyng әleuetin arttyrady dep senemin.  Zanda memlekettik jәne memlekettik emes búqaralyq aqparat qúraldary degen úghymdar bar.  Sonymen qatar uәkiletti organnyng búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng qoghamnyng moralidyq damuyna ziyan keltiruine jәne jalpy adamzattyq, últtyq, mәdeny jәne otbasylyq qúndylyqtardyng búzyluyna monitoring jasau qúzyretining qosyluy janashyldyq boldy.  Búqaralyq aqparat qúraldaryn memlekettik jәne memlekettik emes dep bóluge qatysty týrli pikirler aityluda.  Sonyng ishinde memlekettik basylymdarda «senzura» oryn alady degen jansaq pikir qalyptasuda.  Olay emes.  Mәselen,  «Egemen Qazaqstan»,«Qazaq әdebiyeti»,«Ana tili» syndy basylymdarda halyqtyng túrmys-tirshiligi men últymyzdyng ruhaniyatyna qatysty mәseleler ashyq kóterilude. Tek respublikalyq emes, oblystyq, audandyq basylymdar men sayttarda ashyqtyq qalyptasqan.  Búl jerde mәsele redaksiyanyng ústanymy men jurnalisterding kәsiby biliktiliginde dep oilaymyn.  Ekinshi mәsele uәkiletti organgha monitoring jasaugha qúzyrettilik berilui de oryndy.  Qazir sayttar men әleumettik jelilerdi alyp qarasaq resmy aqparattan búryn jalghan aqparattar tez taraydy.  Onyng ishinde últtardyng dostyghyna syzat týsiretin, otbasylyq qúndylyqtarymyzdy janshyp jatyrghan, mәdeniyetimizdi ayaq asty etken de jazbalar bar.  Aqparat maydanynda  oghamnyng birligin, memleketting túraqtylyghyn qamtamasyz etu ýshin uәkiletti organnyng monitoring jasap,  tiyisti qorytyndy shygharuy qajet dýniye.  Búl útymdy sheshim. Alashtyng ardaqtysy Mirjaqyp Dulatovtyng «Qay elding baspasózi myqty bolsa, sol elding bolashaghy zor» degen útymdy sózi bar. Elimizdegi jurnalistika salasyn damytuda «Mass-media turaly» Zannyng yqpaly zor bolmaq.

Darigha Asqar

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