Mәdeny almasu jәne ekonomikalyq ósu: Preziydent Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha saparyna sholu

Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan – ejelgi dәuirden kele jatqan tarihy baylanystary bar bauyrlas eki memleket. Ortalyq Aziyada túratyn eki halyq ta ghasyrlar boyy kóptegen mәdeni, sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq kýizelister men tolqulardyng kuәsi boldy. Týrki jәne parsy әlemine tereng enetin ortaq tarihy tamyrlar qazaq pen tәjik halyqtaryn berik mәdeny jәne etnikalyq birlikke baylanystyrady.

Tariyhqa kóz jýgirtsek, Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan halyqtary ortaq jer bolyp, ekonomikalyq ómirding týrli salalarynda yntymaqtasa otyryp qana qoymay, sonymen qosa qiyn sәtterde de bir-birine qoldau kórsetken. Kóshpeli taypalardan orta ghasyrlargha deyin otarlau synaqtary men jahandyq imperiyalardyng yqpaly arqyly qazaqtar men tәjikter ózderining mәdeny erekshelikterin saqtay otyryp, órkendeuge úmtyluda úqsas qiyndyqtardy ótkerdi.

1990 jyldardyng basynda tәuelsizdik alghan Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan ekijaqty qatynastardyng jana dәuirine ayaq basty. Búl baylanystar sayasy dialog pen ekonomikalyq ózara is-qimyldy damytu ýshin manyzdy negiz boldy. Osy kezende Astana men Dushanbe arasynda diplomatiyalyq jәne ekonomikalyq kópirlerding belsendi qúrylysy bastaldy. Eki memleket TMD, ÚQShÚ jәne ShYÚ siyaqty әrtýrli aimaqtyq úiymdar ayasynda seriktes boldy, búl olardyng qauipsizdik, sauda jәne mәdeny almasu salalaryndaghy yntymaqtastyghyn nyghayta týsti.

Songhy otyz jyl ishinde Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan ónimdi jәne túraqty yntymaqtastyq ornata aldy. Ekijaqty qarym-qatynastardyng ózara qoldauy men damuy memlekettik dengeyde de, qoghamdyq úiymdar, biznes jәne mәdeniyet mekemeleri dengeyinde de kórinis tabady. Qazaqstan aimaqtaghy eng iri ekonomikalardyng biri bola otyryp, Tәjikstangha infraqúrylymdy damytu, sauda jәne bilim beru baghdarlamalarynda aitarlyqtay qoldau kórsetti. Óz kezeginde Tәjikstan әrqashan aimaqtyq túraqtylyq pen transúlttyq qauip-qaterlerge qarsy kýrestegi ýilestiru mәselelerinde senimdi seriktes bolyp qala berdi.

Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng 2024 jylghy tamyzda Tәjikstangha sapary ekijaqty qarym-qatynastar tarihyndaghy manyzdy kezendi bastady. Búl sapar tek joghary dengeyde sayasy dialogty jalghastyru retinde emes, sonymen qatar eki memleketting jahandyq túraqsyzdyqtyng jana jaghdayynda strategiyalyq әriptestikti terendetuge úmtylysy retinde atap ótuge bolady. Ekonomikalyq, mәdeny jәne sayasy mәselelerdi talqylau, sonday-aq ónirlik jәne halyqaralyq syn-qaterler boyynsha ýilestirudi kýsheytu Qazaqstan men Tәjikstannyng bir-birin dos retinde ghana emes, Ortalyq Aziyadaghy beybitshilik pen túraqtylyqty qamtamasyz etudegi negizgi әriptester retinde de kóretinin kórsetedi.

Búl maqalada Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng tamyz aiynyng 22-23 kýnderi kezinde Tәjikstangha jasaghan resmy saparyna sholu jasalady, yaghny memleket basshysynyng qanday sharalargha qatysqandyghy, qol qoyylghan qújattar men jýzige asyrylyp jatqan jәne jýzege asyruy josparlanghan bastamalar men jobalar turaly aitylady. Sonymen qatar, eki memleket arasyndaghy qarym-qatynastyng olardyng halqynyng ómirine әseri, búl qarym-qatynastyng bolashaqtaghy damuynyng nәtiyjesine qatysty boljamdar aitylady.

1. Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha is-saparynyng 1-shi kýnine sholu

2024 jyldyng 22 tamyzynda Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha sapary eki elding ekijaqty qarym-qatynastardy nyghaytugha jәne terendetuge úmtylysyn atap ótken manyzdy oqigha boldy. Sapar barysynda әrtýrli salalardaghy, sonyng ishinde sayasat, ekonomika, mәdeniyet jәne qauipsizdik salalaryndaghy yntymaqtastyqty odan әri keneytu ýshin negiz qalaghan birqatar qújattargha qol qoyyldy.

1.1. Memleketter arasyndaghy shaghyn qúramda ótkizilgen kelissózge sholu: «Odaqtastyq qatynastargha nazar audaru kerek» degen ústanymda boldy

Kezdesu barysynda Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan preziydentteri ekijaqty yntymaqtastyqqa qatysty keng auqymdy mәselelerdi talqylady. Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng aituynsha, «Tarihy manyzgha» ie jәne Qazaqstan-Tәjikstan qarym-qatynastaryn damytudaghy manyzdy kezenge ainalatyn Odaqtastyq qatynastar turaly shartqa qol qoigha erekshe nazar audaryldy.

Preziydent Toqaev: «Biz – senimdi odaqtas eldermiz. Qazaqstan tarapy Tәjikstannyng qazaq halqyna degen tileules niyetin joghary baghalaydy. Biraq múnymen toqtap qalugha bolmaydy. Biz algha qaray jyljuymyz kerek. Búl sapar – yntymaqtastyghymyzdy damytugha tyng serpin berudi kózdeydi. Býgin Odaqtastyq qatynastar turaly shartqa qol qoyylady. Meninshe, búl qújattyng tarihy manyzy zor. Osy orayda birqatar ózekti mәsele boyynsha mazmúndy pikir almasamyz dep oilaymyn», - degen. Búl kelisim barlyq salalarda, sonyng ishinde sayasat, ekonomika jәne mәdeniyet salalarynda tyghyz yntymaqtastyqtyng negizin qalaydy.

Tәjikstan preziydenti Emomaly Rahmon da búl kezdesuding manyzdylyghyna toqtalyp, onyng ekijaqty qarym-qatynastardyng damuyna tyng serpin beretinin aitty. Ol: «Bizding qarym-qatynasymyz sayasi, sauda-ekonomikalyq, mәdeniy-gumanitarlyq jәne qauipsizdik salalaryndaghy yqpaldastyghymyz qarqyndy damyp keledi. Sizben eki el yntymaqtastyghynyng qazirgi jay-kýii men perspektivasyn, sonday-aq halyqaralyq jәne aimaqtyq kýn tәrtibindegi mәselelerdi talqylaugha әzirmin», - dep atap ótti. Taraptar barlyq dengeydegi yntymaqtastyqty odan әri terendetuge dayyn ekendikterin bildirgenin atap ótu manyzdy.

1.2. Innovasiyalyq jәne sifrlyq tehnologiyalardy damytugha qatysty

Sapardyng negizgi aspektilerining biri eki el arasyndaghy sifrlyq ózara is-qimyldy damytu josparlaryn tanystyru boldy. Qazaqstannyng Sifrlyq damu, innovasiyalar jәne aerogharysh ónerkәsibi ministri Jaslan Mәdiyev pen Tәjikstannyng Innovasiyalar jәne sifrlyq tehnologiyalar agenttigining diyrektory Mirzo Hurshed birynghay ghalamtor-resurstar platformasyn jәne SmartBridge keneytu júmystarynyng nәtiyjelerin tanystyrdy. Búl jobalar memlekettik qyzmetterdi jaqsartugha jәne olardyng eki elding azamattary ýshin qoljetimdiligin arttyrugha baghyttalghan.

Qasym-Jomart Toqaev múnday tehnologiyalardy engizu «bizding ózgeristerimizding ishinde elimizdegi eng perspektivaly baghyttardyng birine» ainaluy mýmkin ekenin atap ótti. Búl bastamalar, atap aitqanda, jasandy intellektti paydalanu memlekettik qyzmetterding sapasyn arttyrugha jәne olargha qoljetimdilikti jenildetuge arnalghan.

1.3. Ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyqtyng keleshegi

Keneytilgen qúramdaghy kelissózder barysynda taraptar sauda-ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyq mәselelerin talqylady. Qazaqstan Preziydenti «ózara sauda kólemin 2 milliard dollargha deyin jetkizuge mýmkindikter bar» dep atap ótti. Qazaqstan Preziydenti elderding ózara saudany odan әri arttyru ýshin orasan zor әleueti bar dep sanaydy. Mysaly, Astana Tәjikstangha 85 týrli tauar týri boyynsha shamamen 200 million dollargha jetkizudi arttyrugha dayyn. Tәjik tarapynyng da Qazaqstangha eksportyn úlghaytu ýshin bayypty rezervteri bar.

Agroónerkәsiptik sektorgha erekshe nazar audaryldy, onda taraptar ún, kondiyterlik jәne ósimdik mayyn óndiretin birlesken kәsiporyndar qúru mýmkindigin qarastyrugha kelisti. Búl sharalar azyq-týlik qauipsizdigin nyghaytugha jәne eki elding ekonomikasyn әrtaraptandyrugha baghyttalghan. Toqaev «Agrarlyq sektorda ekijaqty tauar ainalymyn úlghaytu ýshin eleuli negiz bar» dep, búl yntymaqtastyqtyng osy salasynyng strategiyalyq manyzdylyghyn atap ótti.

Kelissózder barysynda Ortalyq Aziyadaghy transshekaralyq ózenderding su resurstaryn tiyimdi paydalanu mәselelerine erekshe nazar audaryldy. Qazaqstan Preziydenti tәjik tarapyna su-energetika salasyndaghy, atap aitqanda Qazaqstandy sumen qamtamasyz etu salasyndaghy mindettemelerdi oryndaugha baylanysty uaqtyly sheshimderi ýshin alghys bildirdi. Búl sharalar aimaqtyng túraqty damuyn qamtamasyz etu jәne su resurstaryna qatysty janjaldardy boldyrmau ýshin manyzdy.

Toqaev Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan osy saladaghy syndarly yntymaqtastyqty jalghastyrugha kelisti, búl ekologiyalyq jaghdaydy jaqsartugha jәne eki el azamattarynyng ómir sýru dengeyin jaqsartugha kómektesui tiyis ekenin atap ótti.

Sifrlandyru jәne IT-tehnologiyalardy damytu mәselelerine erekshe nazar audaryldy. Qazaqstan Preziydenti «IT salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyq eki memleket ýshin keng perspektivalar ashatynyn» atap ótti. Qazaqstan memlekettik qyzmetterdi sifrlandyru jәne IT-tehnologiyalardy damytu boyynsha tәjiriybesimen bólisuge dayyn. Qol jetkizilgen uaghdalastyqtardyng shenberinde elektrondy ýkimet platformasynyng sifrlyq sheshimderi tәjik tarapyna berildi, búl Tәjikstandaghy memlekettik qyzmetterdi jetildiruding negizi bolady.

Qazaqstannyng halyqaralyq damu agenttigining (KazAID) kómegimen tәjik mamandaryn Qazaqstannyng jetekshi IT mektepterinde oqytu jalghasuda. Toqaev «múnday tәjiriybe almasu elderimizdegi IT mamandarynyng biliktiligin arttyrugha kómektesetinine», búl óz kezeginde eki elding halyqaralyq arenadaghy ústanymdaryn nyghayta týsetinine senim bildirdi.

Sapardyng kýn tәrtibinde mәdeniy-gumanitarlyq yntymaqtastyq ta manyzdy oryn aldy. Qasym-Jomart Toqaev Qazaqstannyng Tәjikstandaghy mәdeniyet kýnderin ótkizuding manyzdylyghyn atap ótti, onyng ayasynda eki halyq arasyndaghy mәdeny baylanysty nyghaytugha baghyttalghan birqatar is-sharalar bar.

Preziydent: «Biz jastar arasyndaghy baylanysty keneytuge, onyng ishinde bilim beru salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyqty terendetu arqyly eki jaqtyng mýddeli ekenin rastadyq», - dep atap kórsetti. Toqaev sonymen qosa, memleketter arasyndaghy bilim almasu men ghylymy júmystardyng bastamasy bolatyn kelesi jobanyng da manyzyn atan ótti, ol: «L. Gumiylev atyndaghy Euraziya últtyq uniyversiyteti men M. Osimy atyndaghy Tәjik tehnikalyq uniyversiytetinde birlesken aqparattyq tehnologiyalar fakulitetining ashyluyn qúptaymyz. Múnday janalyqtardyng mәn-maghynasy zor әri halyqtarymyz múny erekshe yqylaspen qabyldary sózsiz», - degen bolatyn. Búnday bastama, búl bilim beru salasyndaghy ózara týsinistik pen yntymaqtastyqtyng joghary dengeyin kórsetetindigi anyq.

Ónerkәsip, auyl sharuashylyghy, energetika jәne sifrlyq tehnologiyalar salasyndaghy memorandumdargha qol qoi ózara tiyimdi seriktestikting jana kókjiyekterin ashady. Kólik-logistikalyq infraqúrylym men agroónerkәsip keshenin damytudaghy birlesken kýsh-jiger de eki elding ekonomikalyq ósuine yqpal etetindigi osy kezdesu kezinde aityldy.

Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha saparynyng birinshi kýninde aitylghan jobalar, bastamalar men kóterilgen ortaq mәseleler ekijaqty yntymaqtastyqty terendetu negiz bolyp, manyzdy qadamdar jasaldy. Odaqtastyq qatynastar turaly shartqa qol qon, ekonomikalyq jәne mәdeny jobalardy talqylau, sonday-aq sifrlandyru jәne su resurstary salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyq eki el ýshin de jana perspektivalar ashatyndyghy anyq.

2. Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha is-saparynyng 2-shi kýnine sholu

Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha saparynyng ekinshi kýni de eki elding týrli salalardaghy yntymaqtastyqty terendetuge úmtylysyn kórsetetin memleketaralyq baylanysty nyghaytudaghy manyzdy oqighalargha toly boldy. Sapardyng ekinshi kýni, yaghny 2024 jyldyng 22-23 tamyzy mәdeny is-sharalargha qatysu, resmy kelissózder men iskerlik kezdesulerdi qosa alghanda, sapardyng negizgi baghyttary ekijaqty qarym-qatynastardyng manyzdylyghyn kórsetti jәne bolashaq yntymaqtastyqtyng jana perspektivalaryn belgiledi.

2.1. Mәdeny baylanystardy nyghaytu: Qazaqstannyng mәdeniyet kýnderining ashyluy

2024 jylghy 22 tamyzda Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaev pen Tәjikstan Preziydenti Emomaly Rahmon Qazaqstannyng Tәjikstandaghy mәdeniyet kýnderining ashyluyna qatysty. Búl mәdeny almasu eki el halyqtary arasyndaghy mәdeniyetaralyq baylanysty nyghaytugha baghyttalghan. Emomaly Rahmon búl sharanyng manyzdylyghyna toqtalyp, «Mәdeniyet – halyqtardy baylanystyratyn jәne olardyng dostyghyn nyghayta týsetin kópir», - dep atap ótti.

«Kohy Borbad» memlekettik kesheninde ótken gala-konsert Qazaqstan men Tәjikstannyng mәdeny múrasynyng baylyghy men aluan týrliligining jarqyn ýlgisi boldy. Simfoniyalyq orkestr men «Astana balet» balet truppasy, «Hassak» etno-foliklorlyq toby, Dimash Qúdaybergen men Aygýl Ýlkenbaeva syndy tanymal әrtisterding oryndauynda kórermender dәstýrli jәne zamanauy ónerding ýilesimdi ýilesimin kórdi.

Qazaqstan Preziydenti búl mәdeny almasudyng manyzdylyghyn atap ótip: «Mәdeny yntymaqtastyq tereng ózara týsinistik pen qarym-qatynastarymyzdyng túraqty damuynyng negizi bolyp tabylady. Biz әriptestigimiz ýshin berik negiz qúru ýshin mәdeny baylanystardy odan әri nyghaytugha tiyispiz»,- dep pikirin bildirgen.

2.2. Sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq seriktestiktegi jana qadamdar

Sapardyng ekinshi kýni Qasym-Jomart Toqaev pen Tәjikstannyng Madjlisy namoyandagon Madjlisy Oly tóraghasy Mahmadtoir Zokirzodamen manyzdy kezdesuinen bastaldy. Kezdesu barysynda Qazaqstan Preziydenti ekijaqty yntymaqtastyqtyng jana kezenining simvolyna ainalghan Odaqtastyq qatynastar turaly tarihy shartqa qol qoyylghanyn atap ótip, Qazaqstan-Tәjikstan qarym-qatynastary damuynyng joghary serpinin atap ótti. «Búl qújattyng tarihy manyzy zor. Osy arqyly algha qaryshtap qadam basamyz. Preziydent, qúrmetti Emomaly Rahmonnyng parlamentaralyq baylanysty jandandyru turaly úsynysyn qoldaymyn. Ózinizdi elimizding shynayy dosy retinde bilemiz. Óitkeni Sizding studenttik shaghynyz Qazaqstanda ótti. Sondyqtan bizding baylanysymyz parlamentter dengeyinde jandanyp, ekijaqty yntymaqtastyq pen odaqtastyqtyng eng manyzdy bóligine ainalady dep ýmittenemiz», - dedi Toqaev parlamentaralyq baylanystardy jandandyrudy qoldaytynyn bildire kele.

Parlament Mәjilisining tóraghasy da jan-jaqty yntymaqtastyqty nyghaytu ýshin eki el basshylary arasyndaghy dostyq qarym-qatynastyng manyzdylyghyn atap ótip, kórsetilgen qoldaugha rizashylyghyn bildirdi. Ol: «Qazaqstan – Tәjikstannyng senimdi dosy, strategiyalyq seriktesi. Sizding búl saparynyz ekijaqty qatynastardyng qarqyndy damyp kele jatqanyn kórsetedi», - degen.

Sapardyng jalghasy Tәjikstan Premier-Ministri Kohir Rasulzodamen kezdesudi qamtydy, onda qol jetkizilgen uaghdalastyqtardy jýzege asyru boyynsha aldaghy qadamdar talqylandy. Qasym-Jomart Toqaev qúny 1 milliard dollardan asatyn qol qoyylghan kelisimsharttar eki el arasyndaghy kóp qyrly ózara is-qimyldy jana dengeyge kóteretinine senim bildirdi. Ol ózara saudada 2 milliard dollargha jetuding manyzdylyghyna toqtalyp, ýkimetter sauda kólemin arttyru ýshin jana kózderdi izdeui kerek dedi.

Jauap retinde Kohir Rasulzoda Qazaqstanmen yntymaqtastyqty terendetu Tәjikstan ýkimetining basty basymdyghy bolyp tabylatynyn quattady. Ol birinshi jartyjyldyqta tauar ainalymynyng 20 payyzgha artuy algha qoyylghan maqsattargha jetuding naqty mýmkindigin kórsetetinin atap ótti.

2.3. Kelisimderdi is jýzinde jýzege asyru: auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderining kórmesi

Sapardyng qorytyndy sharasy – auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderi men últtyq taghamdar kórmesine baru – qol jetkizilgen uaghdalastyqtardy is jýzinde jýzege asyrudyng simvolyna ainaldy. Qazaqstan Preziydenti men Tәjikstan Preziydenti kórmege qoyylghan ónimdermen tanysty, onda agroónerkәsiptik keshen men tamaq ónerkәsibi salalaryndaghy yntymaqtastyqty damytudyng manyzdylyghy atap ótildi.

Emomaly Rahmon Tәjikstan men Qazaqstannyng eki elding ekonomikasynda sheshushi ról atqaratyn auyl sharuashylyghy salasynda birlesken jobalardy damytu ýshin aitarlyqtay әleueti bar ekenin atap ótti. Rahmon múnday almasulardy jalghastyrudyng manyzdylyghyna toqtalyp: «Biz azyq-týlik qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etu jәne halyqtarymyzdyng әl-auqatyn jaqsartu ýshin auyl sharuashylyghy salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyqty nyghaytuymyz kerek», - dedi.

Qorytyndy

Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng Tәjikstangha sapary mәdeni, sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq aspektilerdi qamtityn ekijaqty qarym-qatynastardy nyghaytudaghy manyzdy qadam boldy. Qol qoyylghan kelisimder men qol jetkizilgen kelisimder eki elding yntymaqtastyqty damytyp, auqymdy jobalardy jýzege asyru jolynda júmys isteuge bel baylaghanyn kórsetedi. Búl sapar eki elding ghana emes, býkil Ortalyq Aziya ónirining túraqtylyghy men órkendeuine yqpal etetin qarym-qatynastardy odan әri damytugha berik negiz qalady.

Qazaqstan men Tәjikstannyng yntymaqtastyghy eki elding halyqtary men býkil Ortalyq Aziya óniri ýshin ýlken manyzgha iye. Búl seriktestikting manyzdylyghy tek ekonomikalyq baylanystardy nyghaytyp, saudany ilgeriletude ghana emes, sonymen birge aimaq aldynda túrghan negizgi mindetterdi sheshu ýshin birlesken kýsh-jigerde de jatyr.

Osy mәselelerding biri – azyq-týlik qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etu. Eki el de bay auyl sharuashylyghy resurstaryna ie jәne túraqty azyq-týlik óndirisi men almasu jýiesin qúru ýshin birin-biri tolyqtyra alady. Búl әsirese klimattyng ózgerui jәne halyq sanynyng ósui jaghdayynda, túraqty azyq-týlikpen qamtamasyz etu basty basymdyqqa ainalghan kezde óte manyzdy. Sonymen qatar, yntymaqtastyqtyng manyzdy baghyty aimaq elderi arasyndaghy jәne halyqaralyq naryqtarmen baylanystardy aitarlyqtay jaqsarta alatyn infraqúrylym men kólik dәlizderin damytu bolyp tabylady. Jana logistikalyq baghyttardy qúru jәne qoldanystaghy kommunikasiyalardy janghyrtu ekonomikalyq damudy jedeldetip, investisiya tartugha mýmkindik beredi, búl sayyp kelgende, azamattardyng ómir sýru sapasyn jaqsartady. Sonday-aq mәdeniyet pen bilim salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyq ózara týsinistik pen halyqtar arasyndaghy dostyqty nyghaytugha yqpal etedi. Mәdeny almasulardy, bilim beru baghdarlamalaryn jәne birlesken ghylymy zertteulerdi qoldau senim men qúrmetke negizdelgen ortaq bolashaqty qúrugha kómektesedi.

Degenmen, ong boljamgha qaramastan, nazar audarudy qajet etetin mәseleler әli de bar. Su resurstary, ekologiyalyq mәseleler jәne túraqty damu mәseleleri ónirlik dengeyde kýsh-jigerdi ýilestirudi talap etedi. Qazaqstan men Tәjikstan kýsh biriktire otyryp, býkil Ortalyq Aziya aimaghyna ýlgi bola otyryp, búl mәselelerdi sheshude sheshushi ról atqara alady.

Qazaqstan men Tәjikstannyng yntymaqtastyghy jay ghana diplomatiyalyq kelisim emes, túraqtylyq pen órkendeu ózara qoldau, qúrmet pen ortaq maqsattar arqyly jýzege asatyn bolashaqqa naqty ýles bolyp tabylady degen oidamyn.

Aynúr Baqytjanova

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