Jau jolyna bomba qylghan jýregin

«Jas aqyn Abdolla Júmaghaliyev batyrlyq turaly jazudy sýiyshi edi. Onyng geroylary tamasha erlikter jasaugha úmtylatyn. Soghys aqynnyng ózin de shygharmalaryndaghy geroylary siyaqty batyr, tabandy soldat etip shyghardy».
«Sosialistik Qazaqstan» gazetining 1943 jylghy 13 qantar nómirindegi osylay bastalatyn shaghyn maqala aqynnyng maydandaghy erligin eline әigilegen edi. Jerlesterine, qalamdas joldastaryna ghana emes, erjýrektik oqigha búdan eki kýn búryn «Pravda» gazeti arqyly býkil odaqqa mәlim bolghan-dy.
Abdolla Júmaghaliyev 1915 jyly 26 aqpanda (keybir resmy qújattarda 1914 jyly) (qújatta 3 sәuir dep qate kórsetilgen) Batys Qazaqstan oblysynyng Jympity audanyndaghy Marks selolyq kenesine qarasty Bylqyldaq eldi mekeninde dýniyege keldi. Býgingi tanda Syrym audany, Josaly auyldyq okrugi atalady. 1941 jyldyng shildesinde Almaty qalasyndaghy Frunze qalalyq әskery komissariatynan 316-atqyshtar diviziyasynyng 1075-atqyshtar polki qúramynda maydangha attandy. Áygili general Panfilovtyng basqaruyndaghy qúrama biliktiligi men batyldyghynyng arqasynda maydangha tynghylyqty dayyndyqpen shyqqan. Jaujýrek panfilovshylar qazan aiynda Batys shepting 16-әskeri qúramynda qolbasshy Rokossovskiyding basshylyghymen asa jauapty shep – Volokalam tasjolynyng qorghanysyn qamtamasyz etti.
Áskery dayyndyqta erekshe qabiletimen kózge týsken jauynger Abdolla Júmaghaliyev 203-arnauly barlaushylar rotasynyng sapyna alyndy. Kóp keshikpey pulemetshi bolu armanyna da qol jetkizdi. Biraq soghystyng aty – soghys, Novinky derevnyasynda bolghan úrysta vzvod pulemetshisi Abdolla Júmaghaliyev qaza tapty. Aqynnyng erligi turaly tek gazet betindegi qysqasha derek kýii qalmasyn degen niyetpen Mәskeuding qorghanys tәsilderi turaly 1941 jylghy qazandaghy bibliografiyalyq derekkózder men arhiv qújattaryn saraptap, birshama zerdeleu júmysyn jýrgizgen edik. Óitkeni Abdollanyng songhy shayqasy sol jyldyng 26 qazanyndaghy әskery búiryqty oryndau is-qimylynyng ayasynda bolghan.
Abdolla Júmaghaliyevke qatysty tyng mәlimetterdi janghyrtugha, әsirese Dmitriy Sneginning 1948 jyly jaryq kórgen «Na dalinih podstupah» atty povesi maghan onyng jauyngerlik beynesin zerdeleude biraz jaytty ashyp berdi. Búl maydan jazbalary keyipkerding qaharmandyq qyryn ashuda qúndy derekter úsynady. Jazushy qajetti derekterdi múqiyat jinaqtau arqyly Panfilov diviziyasyna qatysty shynayy tarihtyng betterin jazghan. Onyng jazbalaryndaghy maydan dalasyndaghy úrystardyng mezgili men orny, úrysqa qatysushylar turaly aqparat dәl berilgen. Qalamger diviziya qúramynda bes jyl boyy maydan dalasynda boldy. Soghystan song aty anyzgha ainalghan danqty qúramanyng jolyn dәriptep, komandirleri men qatardaghy jauyngerlerin әigilegen shygharmalary arqyly sol súrapyl kezenning shejiresin jazdy.
«Shalghaydaghy shepte» povesi auyz әdebiyeti men últymyzdyng úly oishyly Abaydyng mol múrasymen susyndaghan Abdolla Júmaghaliyevting joghary patriottyq ruhy men sheshushi shayqas aldyndaghy ishki jan dýniyesin sheber suretteydi. Áskery prozanyng artyqshylyghy sol, avtor qúndy qújattar men ózi kuәger bolghan naqty oqighalargha sýiene otyryp, maydan dalasyndaghy shynayy kórinisti oqyrmannyng kóz aldyna әkeledi.
Mine, qarulas artillerist joldasy aqynjandy Beregovoygha Abdolla Abay ólenderinen ýzindi oqyp otyrghan sәt: «Ne prazdno tikait chasy, jizni uhodit – vot glyadi, proshla minuta y jizni proshla, ee ne vernuti, proshay sudiba». Syz oqpanada otyryp qarulasymen óz syryn, soghys aldynda bastap jazghan úzaq dastany turaly da syr bólisedi.
– Tyndashy, Abdolla. – Beregovoy pulemetshi dosyn iyghynan qysa til qatty. Abayynnyn: «lishi vera y pravda – na grebne volny» degeni qanday! Búl, bauyrym, biz turaly, bәrimiz turaly aitylghan. Sirә, Abay sening dastanyna jol ashqanday, әdebiyetke túsauyndy kesken dep beyneleuge de bolar.
Abdolla qarulasynyng sózin jalghay týsti:
– Ózime shygharmam basynda shiyki kórindi. Mening tereng boylay almaghanym anyq. Ol endi múnda, maydan dalasynda jalghasady... – degen sarbaz sózin nyqtap, salmaqty jýzben qolyn qúlashtay sermedi. Alystan aspangha atqylaghan jau raketalarynyng jarqyly, otqa oranghan auyldar, jaraly jauyngerler, bәri de onyng nazarynan tys qalghan joq. – Men endi Abaygha arnalghan poemany qalay jazu keregin bilemin!
Rasynda da, Abdolla Júmaghaliyev soghysqa deyin de Abay shygharmalaryn jata-jastana oqyp, jyr jazugha, ólendi Abaysha jazugha asa qúmar boldy. Al jazushy Múhtar Áuezovting qoldauy onyng daryn-quatyn eselep, úly aqyn turaly poemany jazugha kirisuine sebep bolghan edi. Dmitriy Snegin aqyn shygharmashylyghy turaly kózqarasy men jauyngerding jan dýniyesin, ústanymyn oqyrmangha baylanysshy Ayambek Núrkenov arqyly jetkizedi. «Men auyl múghalimi kim ekenin endi ghana úqqandaymyn. Men búdan bylay balalardy batyl әri otansýigish etip qalay tәrbiyeleu qajettigin bilemin. Men olargha osy týn turaly, Abdolla turaly, ýlken Otan... bәri, bәri jóninde býge-shýgesine deyin bayandap beremin».
Osylaysha, jazushy qazaq dalasynyng úly Abdollagha Ayambek bolyp tamsanady, osylaysha, Dmitriy Snegin úly Abaydyng qazaq halqyna qaldyrghan bay múrasy men Abdolla Júmaghaliyevting Abay shygharmalaryna qúshtarlyghyn pash etedi, aqyndardyng qúndylyghyn úrpaghyna amanattaghysy keledi.
Sóitip, Sneginning maydan tuyndysy arqyly Abdolladay batyrdyng qaysarlyghy men qalamgerligin qatar aita týsken abzal. Abaydan quat alghan, onyng aqyndyq quatyn jan-tәnimen sezingen, sóitip, últ ústazy turaly dastan jazudy armandaghan Abdollanyng shiyrek ghasyrdan sәl asqan shaghynda sheyit bolghany ózekti órteydi. Ot pen oqtyng arasynda kózsiz erligimen tanylghan aqyn elge aman oralghanda qazaq әdebiyetin qúndy dýniyemen bayyta týser me edi degen saual kónilde túrady.
Abdollanyng rota komandiyri V.Grigorievting 1942 jylghy 6 jeltoqsanda «Sovetskaya gvardiya» gazetinde jaryq kórgen «Pisateli – geroy!» atty maqalasy bizdi sonau soghystyng bir súrapyl kýnine qayta oraltady. Derevnya shetindegi jalghyz ýy jau qúrsauynda qalghan. «Odinokiy dom byl okrujen so vseh storon»... Qazaqsha sóiletsek: «Nemister Júmaghaliyevting kózin qúrtu ýshin bar kýshin saldy. Jan-jaqtan shabuyldaghan nemis әskerine jalghyz da bolsa Júmaghaliyev onaylyqpen berilmeytinin bayqatty. Sol kezde nemister ýige ot qoydy. Biz auyldy alystan baqylap túrdyq. Órtke oranghan ýiden avtomat dausy әli shyghyp jatty. Úrysta biz kóp dýniyege ýirendik. Erlikke, qaysarlyqqa. Alayda, biz japadan jalghyz jau qúrsauynda qalghan, sonda da ólispey berispegen Abdollany eske alghanda, onyng jasaghany jay erlik emes ekenin sózsiz úghyndyq. Ol órtenip jatqan ýiden tiri shygha almasyn sezse de, ajaldy qasqayyp túryp qarsy aldy. Onyng bar oiy otansýigishtik sezimmen, namyspen astasyp jatty. Abdolla batyrlar turaly jii jazatyn, endi ózi de qaharmandyq tanytty».
1943 jylghy 13 qantarda «Sosialistik Qazaqstan» gazeti atalghan maqalany qazaq tilinde basyp shyghardy. Komandirding búl mәlimeti – Abdollanyng batyrlyghyna berilgen alghashqy tarihy bagha edi. Sóitip, jaysang jigit Abdollanyng tendessiz erligi tughan eline mәlim boldy. Keyin aqyn Ábu Sәrsenbaev 316-atqyshtar diviziyasynyng qúramynda Mәskeu qorghanysyn qamtamasyz etuge qatysushy retinde «Aqyn jýregining alauy» atty maqala jariyalap, onda Abdolla Júmaghaliyevting qaytpas qaysarlyghyna kuә qarulastarynyng atyn atap, naqty derekter keltiredi.
«26 qazan. Tansәri. Artilleriyalyq kanonada. Panfilov diviziyasy birneshe dýrkin jaugha toytarys berip, qorghanystyng jana dengeyine kóshti. Leytenant Grigorievting rotasy diviziya men artilleriyalyq polkting qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etti. Qiyan-keski shayqas kezinde jau әskerleri baqylaugha alghan ýide basyn qaterge tikken ýsh jauynger qaldy. Olar Abdolla Júmaghaliyev, Ivan Dunay, Ábil Qúndybaev». Demek keyingi ekeui Abdollanyng erligin kózben kórgen qarulastary. Jaujýrek jigitting batyrlyghy turaly jar salghan da – sol ekeui. Gvardiya kapitany V.Grigoriev te «Pisateli – geroy!» maqalasyn Ivan Dunay men Ábil Qúndybaev bayanhattarynyng negizinde qúrghan.
1944 jyly taghy da «Sosialistik Qazaqstan» respublikalyq gazetinde aqyn Qasym Amanjolovtyng «Abdolla» poemasy jaryq kórdi. Mine, seksen jyl boyy oqyrman susyndap kele jatqan shoqtyghy biyik poeziya tuyndysynyng songhy bir baghasyn olardyng izbasary – qazaqtyng Qadyr aqyny beripti. Yaghny «Qasym Amanjolov ózining ýzengiles dosy, aqyn-batyrdyng erligine arnap jalghyz әri mәngi eskertkishti ornatty». Shynynda da:
«Kókiregining kekti zilin,
Qosa týirep qorghasyngha,
Qandy qyrghyn qapylysta
Ayrylyp bar joldasynan.
Jaralanghan jolbarystay
Órt janarly bir jas úlan,
Yrghyp búlttan týser jayday.
Ózi oq bop atylghanday,
Eregiske janyn tigip,
Kýtti jauyn, tas bekinip», – dep tas týiin sertpen jau oghyna keude tosqan Abdolla erligin jyrgha qosqan Qasymnyng aqyn ólimi turaly anyzyn jattap ósken úrpaq qanshama.
1948 jyly jazushy Dmitriy Sneginning 316-atqyshtar diviziyasynyng 857 artiyleriyalyq polki qúramynda soghysyp, maydan ortasyndaghy oqighalardy kózimen kórgen shejireshi әri múraghat qújattaryn paydalanghan qalamger retinde jazghan jogharydaghy «Shalghaydaghy shepte» atty povesin jariyalady. Povesting basty keyipkerleri – general V.Panfilov, batyr Bauyrjan Momyshúly, aqyn Abdolla Júmaghaliyev, Brest qamalyn qorghaushy, bolashaq ghalym V.Fursov sekildi túlghalar. Snegin óz shygharmasynda qatardaghy sarbaz Abdolla Júmaghaliyevti atalghandardan bóle-jarmay, onyng erligine erekshe ekpin týsirdi. Aytar bolsaq, general Panfilovtyng ózi de Júmaghaliyevting jaujýrektigine tәnti bolatyn.
– Redaktorgha aityp, qaysar pulemetshining jazghan óleni men jasaghan erligin gazet betinde jariyalau kerek. Otbasynyng qayghysyn bólisip, elge layyqty hat jóneltu kerek, – depti Panfilov. Jazushy aragha biraz jyl salyp, dәlirek aitqanda, 1961 jyldyng 30 tamyzynda búl taqyrypqa qayta oraldy. Ol Abdollanyng aghasy Ghúbaydolla Júmaghaliyevke hat joldap: «sizding bauyrynyz Abdollamen men shyn mәninde Panfilov diviziyasynda birge qarulas boldym. Ol atqyshtar, al men artilleriyalyq polkte túrdyq. Songhy ret ony 1941 jylghy qazanda, Mәskeuden shalghaydaghy kire beriste fashistermen bolghan keskilesken shayqas kezinde kórdim. Tizerlep ómir sýrgennen góri túryp ólgendi jón sanaghan jauynger Otanynyng ýlken jýrekti úly bola bildi. Bauyrynmen qalay maqtansa da bolady! Abdollanyng erligi dәriptelgen «Shalghaydaghy shepte» atty kitabym da sizding jeke qorynyzda bar dep oilaymyn.
Snegin atalghan povesinde barlaushy Abdolla Júmaghaliyev pen kishi komandirding úrys alanyndaghy aldyn ala boljamy dәl kelgenin bayandaydy. Tankter әbden jýrilgen jolmen 1-batalionnyng qorghanysyna shabuyl jasaytyny boljanghan. Oily-qyrly, shynjyr tabannyng jýruining ózin qiyndatatyn tústarda basqa bólimder ornalasqan edi. Sóitip, fashister batalion qorghap túrghan negizgi soqqyny Novinky derevnyasyna baghyttady. Qysyltayang sәtte Abdollalardyng pulemetshiler vzvodyna fashisterding jaqyndauyna jol bermey, batalionnyng shegine otyryp, jana bekiniske kóshuin qamtamasyz etu mindeti jýkteldi. «Úrys kýnning ekinshi jartysyna deyin jalghasty. Oq dauystary, әsirese Abdolla bolghan saray jaqtaghy atystar sayabyrsydy. Toqtady. Nemisterding snaryady da kók jýzin sharlaudy qoydy. Fashistterding de qaru-jaraghy otqa orandy. Okop ishinde jaraly jauynger jatyr. Ol ayanghan joq, ýsti-ýstine oq atqylady, aqyr ayaghyna deyin shayqasyp baqty. Bәri órtendi, pulemetshi de qaza tapty. Dúshpangha oq jaudyru arasynda óz tilinde... әndetken edi. Búl – namystyng әni, asqaq ruhtyng әueni edi».
Abdolla erligi turaly jyldar jýzinde jurnalist IY.Narsisov, aqyn-jazushylar P.Kuznesov, Ábu Sәrsenbaev, Bauyrjan Momyshúly, Mәlik Ghabdulliyn, Júban Moldaghaliyev, Qalijan Bekhojinder estelik qaldyrdy. Ókinishke qaray, KSRO Qorghanys ministrligining ortalyq arhiyvinde saqtalghan «Memorial» derekter bazasynda Abdolla Júmaghaliyev jóninde 1954 jylghy 20 aqpanda Jympity audandyq әskery komissariaty joldaghan «1944 jyldyng sonynda qaza tapty dep sanaugha bolady» degen birauyz sóz jazylghan. Jerles jauynger jóninde osynday mardymsyz aqparatty tolyqtyrugha tyrysyp, mәlimetter sayttyng «Qosymsha derekter» bóliminde óz qolymyzdaghy derekterdi toptastyryp, «Estelikter joly» jobasynda batyrdyng suretin jariyalaghan edik.
316-atqyshtar diviziyasynyng eren erligin layyqty baghalaghan marshal G.Jukovtyn: «Menen soghys nesimen este qaldy dep súraghanda, birden Mәskeu ýshin shayqas kóz aldyma keledi. Ol tarihy shayqas, jaudyng «Barbaros» josparynyng byt-shytyn shygharghan jenisti teketires» dep eske alady. Osy taghdyrsheshti úrys ishinde Abdolla Júmaghaliyevting bolghanyn, kópting biri bolmay, namysty tu etip, jarqyray kóringeni últy ýshin óshpes ónege. «Aqyn Abdolla Júmaghaliyev Otan ýshin maydanda ot bolyp janyp ketti. Onyng alauy әli sóngen joq. Sónbek te emes: Ol – mәngilik alau» (Qadyr Myrzaliyev).
«Týsir eske esil erdi,
Aty onyng edi Abdolla», – dep Qasym aqyn amanattap ketkendey, soghys órti alystay týskenimen, býgingi úrpaq eli ýshin otqa týsken batyrynyng erligi layyqty baghalanghanyn qalaydy. Búl – agha buynnyng da, jana buynnyng da, soghys kórgen biren-saran qalghan maydangerler men tyl ardagerlerding ortaq tilegi, elding sózi. Solardyng atynan Qazaqstan Jazushylar odaghy 60-jyldary Qazaq KSR Joghary kenesi tóralqasyna jәne KSRO Joghary kenesi tóralqasyna azamat Abdolla Júmaghaliyevke «Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry» ataghyn beru turaly ýndeu joldanghan edi. Eskerusiz qaldy. Endeshe, egemendik talabymen «Halyq qaharmany» ataghyn beru – ruhany janghyryp, tarihty týgendeuge kirisken, býgingi beybit kýnning qanshalyqty qiyndyqpen kelgenin sezine biletin bizding tilegimiz bolsa deymiz.
Núrjan Tólepov,
muzey ardageri, ólketanu isining ýzdigi
Astana
Abai.kz