Songhy jyldary Pashinyan ýkimetining batysshyl baghytynan tuyndaghan Mәskeu men Erevan arasyndaghy qarym-qatynastaghy eleuli shiyeleniske qaramastan, Armeniya Resey altynyn eksporttau ýshin negizgi jahút dәlizge ainaldy.

Esterinizge sala keter jayt: Erevan búdan búryn ÚQShÚ-gha qatysuyn toqtatyp, atalghan úiymnyng qyzmetine endi qatyspau niyetin bildirgen bolatyn. Bir qaraghanda, keybir anghal pendelerge Armeniya «Ontýstik Kavkazdaghy Batystyng әskery jәne sayasy plasdarmy» retinde jeke әreket ete bastaghan siyaqty kórinedi. Biraq osy sayasy kelispeushilikterding barlyghy Batystyng sanksiyalaryn ainalyp ótip, milliardtaghan dollar tabatyn sýikimdi «odaqtastyqqa» esh kedergi keltirmeydi. Geosayasat Erevangha Elidorado naryqtarynda payda tauyp qaluy ýshin tabylmas qazyna.

Resmy statistikagha kóz jiberetin bolsaq, Armeniya men Birikken Arab Ámirlikteri arasyndaghy sauda kólemi 2024 jyldyng alghashqy 10 aiynda 5 milliard dollargha jetip, bes esege úlghayghanyn anghara alamyz. Ekonomikadaghy bilgirlerding aldyn ala esepteuleri boyynsha, búl әriptestikting kólemi 6 milliard dollargha deyin ósip otyr.

Armeniyadaghy ashyq ýkimettik derekkózderge qaraghanda, armyan eksporty BAÁ-men jalpy sauda kólemining 98 payyzynan astamyn qúraghan. Búl arada ne nәrse kózge úryp túr? Osy sauda kólemindegi armyan tauarlarynyng ýlesi mardymsyz.  Biraq, eksport kólemi nege kýrt ósti degen súraq tuyndaydy.

Resey BAÁ-ge Armeniya arqyly barlyq sanksiyalanghan altyndy ótkizip keledi dep atalghan saualgha Armeniyanyng Statistika komiytetining amalsyz sifrmen jauap beruine tura keledi. Komiytetting mәlimetinshe, Armeniyanyng altyn, gauhar jәne basqa da zergerlik búiymdar importy men eksportynyng jalpy kólemi 2024 jylghy qantar-qazan ailarynda bes eseden astam úlghaydy. Import 6,8 milliard dollardy, al eksport 7,4 milliard dollardy qúrady. Búl – kórshisi hәm ata jauy Ázerbayjangha qaraghanda qyrghan qazba bayylghy joq el ýshin zor jetistik.

Altyn óndiru, almas qyrlau jәne zergerlik ónerkәsip Armeniyada kenestik dәuirden beri ekonomika men sauda negizderining biri bolghanymen, osynday fantastikalyq sandar aqyl-oydy alay-dýley etui әbden mýmkin. Keremet ósimning artynda syrtqy faktorlar túr.

Reseyding Armeniyagha eksporty dәl osy kezende 5,6 milliard dollargha ósip, 8,3 milliard dollargha juyqtady. 2024 jyly armyan BAQ-tary Resey altyny men almastarynyng Armeniyagha jetkiziluining kýrt úlghayghany jәne olardyng keyinnen ýshinshi elderge qayta eksporttalatyny turaly habarlady.

Birikken Arab Ámirlikteri osy «ýshinshi elderdin» qataryna kiredi.

Armeniyanyng keden organdary ótken jyldyng birinshi jartysynda óz elining jalpy qúny 4,4 milliard dollar bolatyn nebәri 66 tonna altyn importtaghanyn habarlady. Búl altynnyng da kóp bóligi Reseyden keldi.

Armeniya Reseyden alghan altyndy shetelge jiberdi. Búl rette BAÁ osy eksporttyng ýshten ekisin óz ekonomikasyna «sinirip» aldy, al qalghan bóligi Qytaygha ketti. Nege Armeniyanyng Qytaygha eksporty qantar-qazan ailarynda ýsh ese ósip, 1 milliard dollargha juyqtaghanyn tóbesi tesik jandardyng bәrine týsindiredi.

Armyan baspasózi reseylik altynnyng importy men eksportyna tartylghan onnan astam kompaniyany jariya etti. Osy kompaniyalardyng biri – Armeniyanyng eng bay biznesmenderining biri, Pashinyannyng seriktesi hәm biyleushi «Azamattyq shart» partiyasynyng deputaty Hachatur Sukiasyannyng otbasyna tiyesili.

Biznesting tizgini Hachatur Sukiasyannyng qolynda

Tabysty sauda operasiyalarynda AQSh pen Euroodaqtyng sanksiyalaryna jatatyn reseylik almastar da zor kólemdi iyelengen siyaqty. Jogharyda sóz etkenimizdey, 2023 jyly Armeniya (negizinen BAÁ-ge) 590 million dollargha juyq somagha 4,5 million karat almas eksporttady. Búl armyan qyrlaushy kompaniyalary óndirisining jyldyq jiyntyq kóleminen edәuir asyp týsedi. Armeniyanyng keden qyzmeti asqan saqtyq jasap, 2024 jylghy almas eksporty turaly mәlimetterdi jariya etken joq.

Osy orayda: Resey Ukrainagha qarsy keng auqymdy agressiya bastaghannan keyin AQSh Europalyq odaq pen Úlybritaniya osy elden altyn eksporttaugha tyiym saldy ghoy degen qisyndy súraq tuyndaydy. Búghan deyin batys elderi London birjasy arqyly satylatyn reseylik altynnyng negizgi importtaushylary bolghan edi. Úlybritaniya eng iri satyp alushy bolyp tabylyp, tek 2021 jyly ghana London 270 tonnagha juyq reseylik altyndy satyp aldy.

Biraq soghys bastalghannan keyin AQSh pen basqa da batys elderi, sonyng ishinde Europalyq odaq pen Úlybritaniya reseylik altyngha sanksiya engizdi.

Reseylik altyn óndiru industriyasy sanksiyany resmy engizgenge deyin-aq, yqtimal shekteulerden zardap shekti. Sala ókilderi búghan deyin óz ónimderin sheteldik naryqtarda sata almaytyndaryna, al satugha bolatyn kólemder ýlken diskontpen ketetindigine alandaushylyq bildirgen bolatyn. Altyn óndirushiler biylikti salagha kómektesuge jәne memlekettik rezervke naryqtyq baghamen altyn satyp alugha shaqyrdy.

AQSh Qarjy ministrligi G7 elderining sammiytinde qol jetkizilgen uaghdalastyqtar negizinde 2022 jylghy mausymda Resey altynyna qarsy sanksiyalar engizdi. AQSh-tan keyin Europalyq odaq da Reseyden altyn importtaugha tyiym saldy.

«Biz is jýzinde energotasymaldaushylardan keyin Reseyding eng manyzdy eksportyna tyiym salamyz», - dep mәlimdedi sol kezdegi EO syrtqy sayasat vedomstvosynyng basshysy Jozep Borreli.

Borrelding sanksiyalary - bos danghaza

Eurokomissiya kommuniykesinde tyiym salu (sanksiya), eger ol Reseyden shygharylsa jәne Reseyden EO-gha nemese ýshinshi elderge eksporttalsa, tikeley nemese janama týrde altyndy satyp alugha, importtaugha nemese beruge qoldanylady dep týsindiriledi. Atalghan embargo zergerlik búiymdargha da qoldanylady.

Al 2022 jyldyng 21 shildesinde Resey altynyn importtaugha tyiym saludy Úlybritaniya belgiledi. Sol jyly Japoniya men Kanada da tap solay boldy.

Resey әlemdegi iri altyn óndirushiler men eksporttaushylardyng biri bolyp tabylatyny jalpaq júrtqa belgili. Resey Qarjy ministrligining mәlimetinshe, 2021 jyly elde 346,4 tonna altyn óndirildi, búl 2020 jylmen salystyrghanda 1,8 payyzgha artyq bolyp sanalady. 2022 jyldan bastap Reseyde altyn óndiru, eksporttau jәne qayta óndeu turaly aqparat Putin búiryghymen qúpiyalandyryldy. Sondyqtan Resey qansha altyn óndiretini jәne ol qanday elderge eksporttalatyny turaly naqty derekter sarapshylardyng qolynda mýldem  joq bolghandyqtan olar tek boljamdy esepteuler negizinde ghana qorytyndy jasaugha mәjbýr boluda.

Forbes jazghanday, sarapshylardyng baghalauy men resmy statistikanyng az ghana mәlimetteri 2023 jyldyng qorytyndysy boyynsha Reseyde altyn óndiru kólemi 2021 jyldyng dengeyine qayta oraldy dep boljaugha mýmkindik beredi. Dýniyejýzilik altyn kenesi (World Gold Council, WGC) 2021 jyly Reseydegi óndiristi 324,7 tonna dengeyinde baghalady. Alayda 2023 jylghy óndiris kólemin baghalau odan da kýrdeli. WGC songhy esebine jýginetin bolsaq, 2023 jyly RF altyn óndiru 2 payyzgha nemese 6 tonnagha ósti dep boljanady, biraq esepte naqty absoluttik sandar keltirilmeydi.

Sanksiyalardy engizu nәtiyjesinde Reseyding altyn eksporty shekteldi jәne 2022 jәne 2023 jyldary óndirilgen altynnyng jartysyna juyghy el ishinde satyldy. Kóp bóligin Ortalyq bank satyp aldy.

Tek altyn ghana emes, reseylik almastar da syrtqa dymyn sezdirmey jylystap ketude.

Forbes súhbattastarynyng payymdauynsha, óndirilgen altynnyng ekinshi jartysy ainalma jolmen eksporttalghan. 2023 jyldyng ortasynda Reuters reseylik altyn eksporty qayta baghdarlanuy mýmkin birneshe yqtimal baghyttardy atady, olardyng arasynda - BAÁ, Týrkiya jәne Qytay bar. Armeniyany nege ekeni belgisiz eshkim de kózge ilip bayqaghan joq. Kólenkede eleusiz qala berdi. Al Bloomberg ImportGenius-qa silteme jasay otyryp, jogharyda kórsetilgen joldardy rastady.

2022 jyly altyndy satyp alugha kóptegen tyiymdar engizilgennen keyin reseylik iri altyn óndirushi kompaniyalardyng birining top-menedjeri de Forbes-ke bergen súhbatynda BAÁ-ni reseylik altynnyng eksporttyq baghyttarynyng biri dep atady.

Reuters mәlimetterine sәikes, 2022 jyldyng aqpanynan 2023 jyldyng nauryzyna deyin BAÁ-ge 75,7 tonna reseylik altyn әkelinui mýmkin. Kólemi boyynsha kelesi baghyttar әrqaysysy 20 tonnagha juyq importtaghan Qytay men Týrkiya boldy.

Kórsetilgen kezende Birikken Arab Ámirlikterine, Qytay men Týrkiyagha reseylik altyn eksportynyng 99,8 payyzy tiyesili boldy, dep habarlaydy Reuters agenttigi.

Putin men Pashinyan «geosayasat - bir bólek, tәtti qalash - bir bólek» dep sheshti

Armeniyanyng statistikalyq komiytetining mәlimetterine sәikes, BAÁ-ge eksporttalatyn reseylik altynnyng basym bóligi Erevan arqyly satylady. Basqasha aitqanda, Armeniya Resey altynyna qarsy engizilgen sanksiyalardy ainalyp ótuding negizgi dingegine ainaldy. Dәl osy Armeniya arqyly Resey altyn eksportynan milliardtaghan tabys aludy jalghastyruda. Áriyne, Erevan da osy shemadan aitarlyqtay payda kórip otyr. Sanksiyalar jaghdayynda reseylik altyn armyan kompaniyalaryna naryqtaghydan tómen baghamen satylady, búl sauda operasiyalarynan qosymsha payda tabugha mýmkindik beredi.

Armeniya Resey altynyn eksporttaumen ghana emes, sanksiyalargha jatatyn tauarlardyng keri eksportymen de ainalysady.

Búl prosess elde 2022 jәne 2023 jyldary tirkelgen qarqyndy ekonomikalyq ósimning negizgi faktoryna ainaldy. Alayda 2024 jyly ósim bәsendedi jәne boljamdargha sәikes bolashaqta osy bәsendeuin jalghastyrady.

Sózimizding týiininde bir aita keterligi, Batys Resey altyny men almastaryn Armeniya arqyly BAÁ men Qytaygha eksporttaugha kedergi keltirmeydi. IYә, AQSh Qarjy ministrligi reseyge qarsy sanksiyalardy búzugha qatysatyn keybir armyan kompaniyalaryna qarsy sanksiyalardy resmy týrde qoldandy. Biraq BAÁ-ge ondaghan tonna reseylik altyndy eksporttaytyn kompaniyalar búl tiziminde joq...

Ábil-Serik Áliakbar

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