Qúdaygha shýkir, qazaq halqy el men jerdi qadir tútqan qasiyetti qara narlargha eshqashan kende bolyp kórgen emes. Solardyng biri – el qamqory Jarty Sýierqúlúly. Bir ókinishtisi, Jartynyng tughan-ólgen jyldary, ómir joly turaly el auzyndaghy anyzdar men shejire-derekterden ózge mәlimet saqtalmaghan. Degenmen, Jartynyng birge tughan aghalary Qojbanbet by men әigili Shoghan abyzdyng ómir sýrgen kezenderine negizdele otyryp, ony da shamamen XVI ghasyrdyng sony men XVII ghasyrdyng basynda ómir sýrgen dep jobalaugha bolady. Búl saladaghy ókinish, әriyne, tek Jarty babamyzgha ghana emes, qazaq tarihyndaghy tolyp jatqan tarihy túlghalargha tәn ekeni ashy da bolsa aqiqat. Oghan tarihymyzgha qatysty kez kelgen aqtandaqtyng ornyn toltyrugha halqymyzdyng auyzsha tarihy (shejireler men anyzdar) kómekke keledi.

Bir quanarlyq jagh­day, shejireler men anyzdardy tarihy dәlel-dәiek retinde kól­deneng tartugha teris qaraghan KSRO kezindegi tanym-týsinikten arylyp ta kelemiz. Búl saladaghy ghylymy dәiekti, asa auqymdy enbekting biri alashtyng abyz úly Aqseleu Seydimbekting «Qazaqtyng auyzsha tarihy» atty zertteui. Atalghan әigili enbeginde: «Qazaq halqynyng óz jady men óz bolmysynda saqtalghan aighaq-derekterge múqiyat den qoymay túryp, negizinen jatjúrttyqtar qaldyrghan magh­lúmattargha sýienu arqyly jazyl­ghan tarihtyng әdette «jarymjan» tarih bolyp shyghatyny ayan. Tarihty әigili túlghalar arqyly zerdeleu – qazaqtyng dәstýrli ta­nym-týsiniginde erteden qalyp­tasqan ýrdis jәne múnday ýrdis qazaq shejireshiligining negizgi ústanymy bolyp tabylady. Qa­zaqtyng qariya sózderi tarihty údayy jeke túlghalardyng ómir deregi arqyly taratady», – deydi ghalym. Aqiqatynda da, biz sekildi bar qúndylyghyn folik­lory men auyzsha shejireleri arqyly saqtap kelgen halyq ýshin últ tarihyndaghy aqtandaqtardy týgendeude kórnekti de ónegeli túlghalar turaly el auzynda ejelden saqtalyp, úrpaqtan úrpaqqa jalghasyp kele jatqan auyzsha derekterding manyzy men atqarar qyzmeti erekshe. Jarty baba turaly da osyny aitugha bolady. Shejirelik derek boyynsha ol Úly jýzding alban atasynan taraydy. Naqtylap aitqanda, shejire boyynsha albannan shybyl, sary tuady. Sarydan – sýierqúl, sýimendi. Al sýierqúldan qojbanbet, jarty, dosaly, shoghan, Mәmbet (aljan), ýmbet (shaja) degen alty ata taraydy.

Jartynyng ómirge kelui men esimi turaly el arasynda mynaday anyz aitylady. Búl babamyz jaryq dýniyege jarymjan bolyp keledi. Áuelde ata-ana búl shaqalaqty adam bola ma, bolmay ma, qatargha qosyla ma, qosylmay ma dep, tymaqqa salyp, biraz kýn әlipting artyn baghady. Joq, anau aitqanday emes, bala kýn sanap qatayyp, qaraqúlaqtana beredi. Sodan kónilindegi kýdigi seyilgen Sýierqúl auyl moldasyn shaqyryp, balagha at qoyghyzady. Molda balanyng bitimine qarap otyryp: «Nyshandy sәby eken, jay adam bolmas. Qalay bolsa da bir músylmangha bayyp, kóbeyip jatyrmyz ghoy, aty «Músylmanbay» bolsyn», deydi de, azan aityp, atyn qoyady. Alayda bir qol, bir ayaghy jansyz «Músylmanbaydy» auyldyng kelin-kepshikteri men bylayghy júrt alghashynda «jarty bala», óse kele «jarty» atap ketedi. Sәby kәmelet jasqa tolar-tolmas әkeleri Sýierqúl jasy jetip, o dýniyege attanyp ketkennen keyin, Jartyny әuletting ýlkeni, aghasy Qojbanbet qamqorlyghyna alady. Jiyrma jasqa tolar-tolmasta alban elindegi dualy auyz, aituly biylerding biri bolghan Qojbanbet tek aghalyq paryzyn óteu túrghysynan ghana emes, bauyrlarynyng ishinde osy jarymjan inisine óte yqylas-meyirimi týsip, jaqsy kórip, ayalap, mәpelep ósiredi. Eki sózining birinde: «Jartym menin, Jartym, artymnan ergen halqym», dep erkeletip otyrady eken. Ákesinen qalghan mal men basqa ie bolyp, dilmәr-sheshendigimen, mol kisiligimen, әdilet sýigishtigimen el ishinde abyroyy tez ósip kele jatqan aghasy Qojbanbetting ayaly alaqany men qamqorlyghynyng arqasynda Jarty eshkimnen qaghaju, qorlyq-zorlyq kórmey eseyedi.

Qojbanbetting inisi Jartygha erekshe meyirimi týsuine myna bir jaghday sebep bolghan degen de sóz bar. Sol kezderdegi jii bolyp tú­ratyn әlde jaugershilik, әlde ýr­kinshilikting birinde Jarty júrtta qalyp qoyady. Óitkeni, jayshylyqta әri-beri kóshkende, el aralaghanda Jartyny alyp jýretin arnayy adam, kebejeli týie sekildi arnayy kólik qajet bolady eken. Tarihtaghy shapqynshylyqta jýre almaytyn kәri-qúrtandar men bala-shaghanyng júrtta qalyp qongy qalypty jaghday bolatyn. Sebebi, deni sau, qaruly er-azamattardyng bәri alghy shepke jaugha attanyp ketedi de, auylda qarttar men qyz-kelinshekter, bala-shagha ghana qalatyn. Sodan jaudyng beti qaytyp, qauip seyilip, júrt sәl tynystay qalghanda Qojbanbet Jartyny izdep jolgha shyghady. Eng әueli birden salyp úryp el kóshken júrtqa barady. Barady da bir ghajayyp kórinisting ýstinen týsedi. Ózderi kiyiz ýy tigip otyrghan júrttaryna jaqyn jerdegi or­mannyng shetinde bir boz biyening әldeneni emizip túrghanyn kóredi. Boz biyeni emip túrghan әste qúlyngha úqsamaydy. Atyn tebinip jetip barsa, boz biyeni emip túrghan kәdimgi ózining inisi Jarty eken. Qojbanbet búghan tanyrqap qarap túrghanda boz bie jele jortyp ormangha kiredi de ghayyp bolady. Aghasy Qojbanbetke Jarty bolghan jaydy bayandaydy. Sóitse, el ýrkip ketken onshaqty kýnnen beri osy boz bie kelip Jartyny emizip ketip túrady eken. Osy oqighadan keyin inisining әste tegin adam emes ekendigine әbden kózi jetken Qojbanbet, ony mәpelep ósirip, ýili-barandy etudi oilaydy.

Jarty kәmelet jasyna tolyp, ýilenetin mezgil de keledi. Aghalary Qojbanbet by pen Shoghan abyz alys-jaqynnan qyz aittyra bastaydy. Biraq, júrttyng bәri Qojbanbet pen Shoghannyng mal basyna qyzyqqanmen, Jartygha qyz beruge kelgende san syltau aityp, teris ainalady. El ishinde: «Jarty bayghúsqa kim qyzyn berer deysin, ýilenbey óter me eken…» degendey kýnkil de kóbeyedi. Alla taghala pendesin beker nyshandy ghyp jaratpaghan eken, taghy da kýtpegen jaghday bolady. Kórshi auyldyng ay dese auzy, kýn dese kózi bar has súluy Jartyny ózi qalap, túrmysqa shyghady. Ol turaly aitylatyn anyzdyng ózi jyrgha bergisiz. Bir jyly jaz shygha irgeles dulat elindegi Qosh­qarbay deytin baydyng auyly jaylaugha kóshuge dayyndalady. Alty qanat aq boz ýiler jyghylyp, atan týiege jýk artylady. Qoy-qozy, eshki-laq, jylqy jaylaugha aidalady. Sәndi kiyinip, kil jorgha mingen, synghyrlay kýlip, syzyltyp әn salghan qyz-bozbalalar – ejelden kóshting sәni. Mal da, jan da kók shalghyny bitik, auasy sal­qyn, bastau-búlaghy synghyrlap jatqan keng jaylaugha jetkenshe asyghatynday. Ol zamandaghy kóshting deni salqar kósh. Mәselen, kókteuden jaylaugha kóshu ýshin ailap, aptalap jol basugha tura keledi. Búnday salqar kósh qyz-bozbalalar ýshin túnyp túrghan oiyn-sauyq, sәn-saltanat, dumandy mereke.

Kóshting aldyn ýlde men býldege oranghan jastar әn-jyrmen, әzil-qaljynmen dumandatyp bastap kele jatady. Baryn kiyip, baqanyn qolyna alghan bay, bardam ýiding erke qyzy su tógilmes jorghamen top ortasynda tolghan aiday tolyqsyp jayrang qaghyp keledi. Ay dese auzy, kýn dese kózi bar aru boyjetkenning sәukelesining úshar basyndaghy qarqarasy jalt-júlt etip, kóz qaryqtyrady. Esimining ózi qanday?! Aqbiyke! Kósh bastaghan kórikti qyz Aqbiykege jol jónekey kóz salmaghan jan qalmaydy. Sal-seriler shyr ainalyp, qyz many­nan shyqpaydy, bәri de әzil-qaljyndarymen qaytse de arudyng kónilin tabudyng qamynda. Jolay erulik alyp shyqqan bay auyldar qyz әkesine baylyqtaryn kórsetip, erjetken erke úldaryna qúda týsuge dәmeli ekendigin de aityp qalyp jatady. Aqylyna kórki say, tәkappar bay qyzy eshkimge nazar audarmaghan kýii kóshti bastap mejeli jerge jyljy beredi. Bir kýni osy Qoshqarbay auylynyng kóshi bir eru elding túsyna kelgende, kósh tizginin irkip, bir kýn eruleydi. Attan týsip, qonaqtargha әzirlengen kiyiz ýige kirip bara jatqan Aqbiykening janary qapelimde manyna núr shashyp, jýzinen erekshe meyirim tógilgen bir jigitting kózimen týiisip qalady. Jigit úshatyn qyranday qomdanyp, janary jalt-júlt etip, arnayy dayyndalghan oryntaqta esik aldynda otyr eken. Aqbiyke aru әlgi jigitten kóz almay úzaq qarap qalady. Búl auyl Qojbanbet auyly edi. Qyzdyng kózi týsip, kónili qúlaghan Jarty bolatyn. Kóship bara jatqan әke-sheshesi, bauyr-tuystary, malshy-qosshylarmen birge osy auyldan erulik jep, asyqpay týstengen boyjetkenning ynta-yqylasy, kónili jigitke shyndap auady. Sol kýni týnde Aqbiyke týs kóredi. Týsinde ghajap is kóredi.

Aqquly aidyn kól eken deydi. Jaghada túrghan Aqbiykege bir aqqu kelip: «Jýr, menimen birge kólde jýz», deydi. Qyz: «Jýzu bilmeymin», deydi. Sonda әlgi aqqu: «Men mana kýndiz kórgen Jarty degen jigitpin. Men de jýzu bilmeymin, biraq myna kólge týssen, aqqugha ainalyp jýzip kete beresin», dep ótinedi. Qyz aqqugha ilesip kólge týsedi. Sol-aq eken ol da aqqugha ainalyp, Jarty ekeui aidyn kólding betinde emin-erkin qalyqtap, sayran salady. Erteninde kósh qayta qoz­ghala bergende Aqbiyke syrlas qúrbylary men jengelerine Jartyny menzep: «Osy azamat mening otbasymnyng iyesi, tandaghan jarym bolady», deydi. Qyzynyng qalauy men Qojbanbetting kónilin qimaghan Qoshqarbay eki jasqa batasyn beredi. Osylaysha Aqbiyke aru men Jarty baqytty ghúmyr keshedi. Olar birneshe qyz, Aydabol, Jandabol esimdi eki úldy bolady. Úldyng kishisi Jandabol ýilenbey túryp, jaugershilikte qaza tabady. Aydaboldan Ázet, Nәzet degen eki úl dýniyege keledi. Ázetinen – Soltankeldi, Tanatar, Nәzetinen – Esber, Qanay degen úldar tuady. Búlar el auzynda «tórt jarty» dep atalady. Osy «tórt jartydan» býgingi ýlken úrpaq ósip-ónip, irgeli elge ainalyp otyr. Halyq ishindegi atadan balagha qalyp kele jatqan qariya sózderding aituynsha, Jarty baba tirshiliginde kóripkel әuliye, júldyzshy, emshi-tәuip bolghan.

Alda keler ke­len­siz jaghdaylardyng (shapqaly kele jatqan jau, jút әkeler qys, qúr­ghaqshylyq bolatyn jaz, dauyl, zilzala, júqpaly auru, t.b.) bәrin Jarty baba aldyn ala boljap, sonday apattardan elin aman alyp qalyp otyrghan. Sonymen birge, el ishindegi auru-syrqau Jarty babanyng eminen nemese deminen keyin nauqasynan aiyghyp, úrpaq sýi baqytyna ie bolghan. Myndaghan, on myndaghan adamgha, tútas elge osylay shapaghaty tiygen Jarty baba turaly sol kezding ózinde el ishinde: «Jarty aman bol­syn! Jarty aman bolsa, jalpy aman bolady» degen ataly sóz taraghan.

Kónekóz qariyalardan bizge jetken auyzsha derekterde Jarty babamyz turaly búdan ózge de aitylar anyz-әngimeler az emes. Olardyng bәrin ózge de tarihy derektermen, shejirelermen, jyrlarmen salghastyra otyryp, tarihy aqiqatty ashu aldaghy kýnder men keler úrpaqtyng enshisinde. Degenmen, halyq auzynda ejelden beri aitylyp kele jatqan: «Jarty aman bolsa, jalpy aman bolady», degen mәtelding shyghuy ghasyrlar shanyna kómilip jatqan kóptegen tarihy jaghdayattardan syr andatyp túrghanday. Eng bastysy, kóripkel әuliye, júldyzshy, emshi-tәuip, jarymjandyghyna qaramastan tútas bir ruly elge qamqor bolghan Jarty babamyzdyng el men jerdi saqtau jolynda úrpaqqa ónege bolarlyq ghúmyr keshkeni aqiqat.

Dýken MÁSIMHANÚLY,

Qazaqstannyng enbek sinirgen qayratkeri,

L.N.Gumiylev atyndaghy EÚU kafedra mengerushisi, professor.