Qazaq jerine kelgen aq patsha biyligi de, sol sekildi Sovet ýkimeti de legitimdi emes-tin. Qazaq tarihyndaghy osy aqiqat әli kýnge qújat týrinde aiqyndalmay keledi.

Sovet ókimeti Qazaqstangha zansyz keldi
Qazaqstanda patshalyq biylik legitimdi bolghan joq. Ony kýshpen alyp, qysyryp tastaghan Sovet biyligi de legitimdi bolghan joq. Ol kezde jalghyz legitimdi biylik boldy. Ol – 1917 jyly jeltoqsanda Orynborda qúrylghan Alashorda ýkimeti. Mine, sol zandy biylik edi. Qay túrghydan alsaq ta ol sol kezdegi jalghyz zandy biylik bolatyn.

Alashorda qazaq qoghamynda orta ghasyrdan qalyptasqan sayasy dәstýr retinde shaqyrylghan II-shi jalpyqazaq sezinde qúryldy. Ol sezdi eshkim zansyz dep aita almaydy. Ony tek Sovet tarihnamasy, iydeologiyasy zansyz, búzyq sekildi kórsetti. Al, shyn mәninde, zang túrghysynan, tarih túrghysynan barlyghyn zerttep, naqty baghasyn bersek, ol sol kezdegi zandy ýkimet bolatyn.

Qazaq jerinde últtyng iygi jaqsylary, ýlkenderi, dualy auyzdary bas qosatyn qúryltay jinalys býkil últtyng atynan sheshim qabyldaydy. Ol sayasy nemese basqa sheshim bola ma, ony qazaq qoghamy moyyndaydy, sony oryndaydy. Sondyqtan I-shi, odan song II-shi jalpyqazaq sezi de osy dәstýr boyynsha shaqyryldy. Osy qúryltay sezi jabyq týrde Alashorda ýkimetin saylady. Jabyq týrde onyng tóraghasyn saylady. Al Alash partiyasy sheshimin býkil qazaq halqy moyyndady.

Al  sovet ókimetin qazaq qoghamy shaqyrghan joq. Sovet ókimetine qazaq qoghamy ashyq týgili jabyq týrde de dauys bergen joq. Referendum, saylau ótti me? Joq. Sondyqtan zertteushi retinde, mening týsinigim boyynsha, Sovet ýkimeti legitimdi emes.

Biz osyny ashyq týrde moyyndaytyn, tipti bolmasa arnayy qújatpen ony rastaytyn uaqyt jetti dep bilemin.

Jәne, 1931-32 jylghy asharshylyqtyng genosid ekeni dausyz.
1992 jyldyng basynda Jogharghy kenesting sovettik reformalargha baylanysty qaulysy resmy gazetterge jariyalandy. Men sol komissiyanyng qúramynda bolghanmyn.

Komissiyanyng qorytyndysy boyynsha Qazaqstanda jýrgizilgen eksperiymentting saldarynan qazaq halqynyng qyrghyngha úshyrauyn genosid dep baghalaghan. Men osy baghany dúrys dep sanaymyn.

…Kórshi elderdegi tarihshylar bylay deydi: „Múnday jaghdaylar barlyq imperiyalyq qúrylymdarda bolghan. Jana, myqty, industrialdy qogham qúru ýshin osynday auyr joldan, osynday qyrghynnan barlyq memleketter ótken-mys. Shyndyghynda, búl jәy sóz emes. Búl niyeti týzu adamdar aitatyn sóz emes. Eshqanday qyrghyndy aqtaugha bolmaydy. Qazaq halqyna keler bolsaq, búl jәy qatelik emes. Búl bolisheviktik ýkimetting maqsatty týrde jýrgizgen sayasatynyng saldary.

Sol ýlken qyrghyndy jasaghan Goloshekindi ornynan alyp tastau ýshin kýresken qazaq ziyalylarynan túratyn sayasy top bolghan. 1927-28 jyldary Smaghúl Sәduaqasov bastaghan top Goloshekindi biylikten ketiruge tyrysty. Asharshylyqqa deyin ketiruge tyrysqan. Kollektivizasiya, konfiskasiyanyng qarsanynda.

Jaghypar Súltanbekov, Ydyrys Mústanbaev. Olar Troskiymen, Zenoviev, Kamenovpen tikeley baylanysqa shyghyp otyrdy. „Goloshekindi alyp tastandar, oghan kómektesinizder,-dedi. Al Troskiyding ne degenin bilesiz be? Mәsele Goloshekinde emes, mәsele Stalinde dedi. Óitkeni Troskiylerding negizgi jauy Stalin bolatyn. Olar Stalinge qarsy birge shyghayyq dedi. Bizding ziyalylarymyz oghan kelisken joq.

Degenmen sol kezde Goloshekinning janynda bolghan basqarushy qazaqtyng sayasy toby óte mansapshyl, biylikqúmar bolyp shyqty. Qazaqtyng erekshe qyryluyna solardyng da tikeley qatysy bar, ony moyyndauymyz kerek.

Biz kóp jaghdayda jylap-enirep barlyq kinәni basqagha japqandy jaqsy kóremiz. Mәskeuge, Stalinning biyligine audaramyz. Qazaq halqynyng qyryp-joyyluyna qazaq biyligin basqarushy sayasy elita da belgili bir dengeyde kinәli. Mәselen, qazaq halqynyng 49 prosentining kózi joyylyp ketti. Bir últtyng jartysyna juyghy qyrylyp qaldy. Nege ózbek, qyrghyz emes, qazaq osylay kóp qyrghyngha úshyrady? Olarda da sonday sayasat jýrdi, olar da qyryldy, biraq qazaq erekshe kóp qyryldy.

Negizinen, postsovettik elder ishinde Reseydin, Ukrainanyn, sodan song Qazaqstannyng halqy kóp qyryldy. Nege? Bizding últtyq basqarushy elitanyng kemshiliginen, әriyne. Biz ony moyyndauymyz kerek. Biz Mәskeu tapsyrma berse, ony asyra oryndaugha tyrysamyz. Osy — bizding halqymyzdyng ýlken tragediyasy.

Mysaly, Ózbekstandy alayyq. Mәskeu tapsyrma beredi, ózbekter basynda "iyә, iyә" dep qúp kórgen ynghay tanytady da, artyn súiyltyp jiberedi. Meyilinshe, últqa qarsy dýniyeden ainalyp ótuding jolyn qarastyratyn edi.

Al bizde olay bolmady.

Mәmbet Qoygeldi, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor

Abai.kz