Jana diny aghymdar shabuyly

Jana diny aghymdar shabuyly

Jahandanu zamanynyng erek­shelik­terining biri - missionerlik qyzmetting qarqyndap ósip, әrtýr­li saryndaghy diny birlestikter­ding әlemge tarauy. Ghylymiy-pub­lisistikalyq basylymdarda jana diny birlestikterdi «sekta», «totalitarlyq sekta», «balama dinder», «dәstýrli emes dinder» nemese «iritki salushy kulitter», tipti «jana ghasyr dinderi» dep ataydy. Songhy jiyrma jyldan beri Qazaqstanda kóptegen jana diny aghymdar payda boldy. «Jana» degenmen búlardyng basym kópshiligi janadan payda bolghan joq, tek qazaq topyraghyna shetelderden kelgen, bizding el ýshin ghana jana diny aghymdar. Olar­dyng ishinde bizding elde eng kóp taraghany - protestant diny toptary. Olar әrtýrli, ala-qúlalyghy sonshalyqty, tipti olardy býgin toptastyru, jýieleu onay da emes, sany 1300-ge tayap qaldy. Basty maqsaty - qazaqtardy, basqa da últtardy protestant dinin ústanushylargha ainaldyru. Býginde «qazaqstandyqtardyng bir payyzy - protestant dinin ústanushylar» degen derek bar. Basqa da diny aghymdar belsendi missionerlik qyzmet atqaryp jatyr. Protestanttar Almaty, Qaraghandy, Qostanay jәne Soltýstik Qazaqstan oblystarynda keninen taraghan. Sondyqtan elimiz shetel missionerlerining belsendi әreketining alanyna ainalghan. Býginde Qazaqstanda 25 elden 367 missionerler júmys jasaydy: olar - AQSh, Izraili, Slovakiya, Polisha, FRG, Ontýstik Koreya, Ukraina, Italiya, Resey Federasiyasynan, taghy da basqa elderden kelgender. Missionerler, negizinen, iri qalalarda, oblys orta­lyqtarynda shoghyrlanghan. Protes­tant qauymdastyqtarynyng sanyna baylanysty missionerlerding de sany ósude. Mysaly, Aqmola oblysynda 317 qauymdastyqqa 34 missioner, Aqtóbe oblysynda 114-ke - 13, Qaraghandy oblysynda  419-gha - 52, Qostanayda 188-ge - 21, Pavlodar oblysynda 172-ge - 125, Soltýstik Qazaqstan oblysynda 223-ke - 38. Songhy jyldary qaptaghan missionerler zangha qayshy әreketterge jii baratyn boldy. 2009 jyly 80 zang búzushylyqqa jol berildi. «Evangelistik hristian Baptister, «Tabighy jamaghat», basqa da birlestikter jergilikti atqarushy organdarda missionerlik qyzmetin tirkeusiz jýrgizuge tyrysady. Sonday-aq diny birlestikterdi tirkeu men olargha jer telimderin bólude elimizde sybaylas jemqorlyq beleng alghany da belgili.

Býgingi missionerler kimder?

Olar - arnayy psihologiyalyq dayyndyqtan ótken, shetelderde arnayy dayyndalghan mamandar. Ádebiyette olardy keyde «jana» missionerler dep te ataydy. Búlar - әkki, tәjiriybe jinaghan, arbau, azghyru әdisterin tereng iygergen, adamdy eliktirgish kabiletteri mol adamdar. Býgin missionerlerding tәjiriybesin jinaqtaytyn, strategiya men taktikasyn taldaytyn missiologiya ilimi qalyptasty. Missionerlerding ghylymy jurnaldary, ghylymy mektepteri, eki jýzden astam agenttikter júmys jasaydy. Diny uaghyzdary tónireginde pikirtalas bolghanmen, missionerlik - birtútas qozghalys.

Qazaqstanda missionerlik qyzmet belgili bir strategiyalyq maqsatqa beyimdelip, manyzdy jerler nysanagha alynyp otyr. Álemde olar óz júmystaryn iri halyqaralyq sauda ortalyqtarynda, tabighy baylyghy mol jerlerge ornalastyrady, kishigirim memleketterge, qalalargha bara bermeydi. Qazaqstanda olar óndiristik ólkelerde tarihy Otanynan jyraqta túratyn orys, nemis, polyak, ukrain diasporalaryna zor mәn beredi. Etnostar miday aralasyp, últsyzdanghan, tilinen, mәdeniyetinen, dininen qol ýze bastaghan, kedeylengen ortada olargha júmys jasaugha qolayly. Jana diny aghymdar «kýnәdan qútqaramyz» dep shyn niyetterin býrkemelep, jasyryp, týpting týbinde, biylikke qol jetkizgisi keletindigi jasyryn emes. Qazaqstan - býgin olar ýshin din jaghynan iygeretin «tyn» territoriya, adamdyq material túrghysynan da, tabighy baylyq túrghysynan da «shiykizat kózi». Qazaqstandy ýlken geosayasy ekspansiyanyng dәl ortasynda ornalasqan memleket dep baghalaulary tegin emes.

«Jana diny aghymdar» syrttan qarjylyq qoldau alatynyna asa nazar audarghan jón. Jylyna 20 mlrd. dollargha deyin qarjylyq qoldau alady. Bizding dәstýrli dinderimizding onday kómek almaytyny, sondyqtan olarmen bәsekelese almaytyny taghy da belgili. Olar qarjygha shirkeuler salady, gazetter shygharady. Álemdik qarjylyq daghdarystan tolyq shyqqannan keyin syrttan kómek kýsheyip, olardyng belsendiligi tez artuy da mýmkin. Eng bir qiyndyghy, sol qarjyny baqylaugha bizding memleketting mýmkindigi joq, sebebi qarjy jeke adamdardyng bankidegi esepshotyna týsedi. Al zang boyynsha ony baqylaugha tyiym salynghan.

Olardyng basty maqsattaryna qalay da diny qauymdastyqtardyng sanyn ósiru, óz qataryn kóbeytu arqyly qol jetkizuge úmtyluda. Qazaqstan halqymen júmys barysynda qoghamdy jasyna, әleumettik jәne etnostyq tobyna qaray jikteydi. Bir jaghynan, óz ilimine boyúsynushylardyng diny bilimin terendetu bolsa, ekinshi jaghynan, ateisterdi, dinge beyjay qaraytyndardy óz yqpaldaryna iykemdeu bolyp otyr. Ýshinshiden, pravoslaviye, músylman deushilerding de diny bilimi tayazdyghyn eskerip, olardy da nysanagha alady, әsirese, qazaq, úighyr, orystarmen júmys jasaydy. Resmy sayasat ústanymyn, toleranttylyq, tózimdilik, syilastyq, kelisim degen adamgershilik talaptaryn óz mýddelerine iykemdi paydalana alady. Tózimdilikting jalpaqshesheylik, qoshametshil, qúrday jorghalau emestigin biz de eskere bermeymiz.

Býgin protestantizmge ótushiler qazaq arasynda da kórinis aldy. Protestanttar dúghalaryn qazaq, qyrghyz, ózbek, úighyr tilinde oqidy, qazaqtardan pastorlar dayyndap, diny uaghyzdy sheteldikter emes, qazaqtar aitatyn boldy. Protestant-pastorlardyng jetpis payyzy qazaqtardan dayyndap, qazaqtardyng qolymen qazaqtardy protestantizm dinine audaru strategiyasy qolgha alynuda. Osylay últ, otbasy dinine qaray jikke bóline bastady. Protestanttar býgin Injilden góri Qúran sýrelerine kóp sýienetin boldy. Olardyng ilimine iykemdi qazaq әielderi bolyp otyr. Ol jalghyzbastylyqqa, túrmys auyrtpalyghyna da baylanys­ty. Eng qiyny, olar balalaryn da sol dinge tartady. Keyde protestanttar óz júmystaryn jasyryp jýrgizedi, qoghamdyq qorlar, mektepter, sporttyq seksiyalar, ýiirmeler qúrady. Mysaly, Aqmola oblysynyng Qyzyljar auylynda mektepte ýy sharuashylyghy ýiirmesinde din taratqan.

Áriyne, protestanttar erteng el bas­qarugha keletin jastardy ózderining din jolyna audarugha kóp mәn berip otyr. Jalpy, jastardyng dýniyetanymy, sayasy baghyt-baghdary, últtyq ústanymyna yq­pal etu әlemdik strategiyagha ainaldy. Býgin әlemde 2 mln. astam student óz elinen jyraqta, shetelde bilim alyp jatyr. AQSh-ta 600 myn, Angliyada 300 myn, Germaniyada 230 myn, Fransiyada 130 myn, Qytayda 150 myng student oqidy. Qazaqstannan 20 mynnan as­tam student shetelde bilim aluda. Búl memleketter jastargha bilim berip qana qoymay, olardyng boyyna batystyq mәdeni, sayasy qúndylyqtaryn siniredi. Jastargha negizgi yqpal etetin joldary - diny әdebiyet, teledidar, radio, inter­net, habarlandyru, jarnamalar. Mәselen, «IYegova kuәgerleri» diny әdebiyetti ýsh jýz tilde taratady, onyng ishinde qazaq tili de bar. Radio eki jýz on bir tilde, aptasyna segiz myng jarym saghat habar taratady. Juyq arada radio әlemning toqsan jeti payyzyn qamtityn bolady. Jerserikteri arqyly әlemdi týgel qamtugha evangelister mýmkindik alyp otyr. Olardyng nazaryndaghy eng manyzdy on aimaqtyng biri - Euraziya. «Keshe kommunizm ýs­temdik qúrghan aimaqty kýnәdan tazartu - paryzymyz» deydi protestanttar.

2003 jyly qyrkýiek aiynda Brusseli qalasynda ótken diny senim mәselesine arnalghan әlemdik parlamentaralyq konferensiyasynda Europanyng Qauipsizdik jәne yntymaqtastyq úiymynyng ókili, amerikalyq Kolly Durhem «Biz ateizm qúrsauynan azat bolghan Qazaqstan siyaqty elderge qolúshyn sozyp, olargha din tandaugha mýmkindik jasap jatyrmyz» degen-di. Ol «kómek» dep Qazaqstangha aghylyp kelip jatqan әrtýrli jana diny aghymdardy aityp otyr. «Eger osy baghytpen júmys jasay bersek» deydi ol, «olar amerikalyqtarsha oilap, amerikalyqtarsha ómir sýretin bolady». Sóz joq, búl ashyq aitylghan qiytúrqy pikirge bizder, sonymen birge Resey, Egiypet, Belarusi, Tәjikstan, basqa da elderding deputattary toytarys berdik, sebebi qauipke osy elder de ýlken alandaushylyq bildirip otyr. Barlyq elderdi bir izge salyp, bir dinge sendirip, bir qolda ústaugha eshkim de kelispeydi. Gegeliding «Eger adamdardyng barlyghy bir oida bolsa, onda eshkimning eshtene oilamaghany» dep aitqany bar. Býgingi adamzattyng basty qyzyghy - әrtýrli tilde sóilep, әrtýrli dәstýrli dinderde bolyp, әrtýrli mәdeniyet pen saltqa bas iyip, bir sózben aitqanda, aluan týrli órkeniyet ayasynda boluynda.

Missionerlerding payymdauynsha, dinder qughyn-sýrginge úshyrap, halyqtar dәstýrli dinderinen biraz uaqyt qol ýzip qalghandyqtan, býgin postsosialistik kenistikte tek tarihy dinder emes, barlyq dinderge qyzyghushylyq tanytyp otyr, osy ahualdy olar paydalanyp qalugha tiyisti.

Býgin jana diny aghymdar aqysyz aghylshyn tilin ýiretuge, qayyrymdylyq sharalaryna zor mәn beredi. Osydan keybireuler «olardy qoldau qajet» degen pikirler de aitylyp jýr. Degenmen tek bizding elde ghana emes, kóptegen Europa elderinde jana diny aghymdar tónireginde ýlken alandaushylyq bar. Dabyl qaghushylar tek dәstýrli dinder tarapynan ghana emes, memlekettik, onyng ishinde memleketaralyq organdar da bar. Sonday-aq mәsele tek protes­tantizm aghymdaryna ghana baylanys­ty emes, basqa da qauymdastyqtar da elderdi oilandyryp otyr. Eng alghash Europa memleketteri men AQSh-ta jana diny aghymdar qyzmetine baylanysty ýlken alandaushylyq bayqalghan bolatyn. Búl dinaralyq bәsekelestikten tughan qayshylyqtar emes. Álem elge iritki salatyn diny aghymdar deytin toptardy destruktivti sektalar, keyde kulitter dep ataydy, sondyqtan olardyng qyzmetin zang tetikterimen shekteytin boldy. Mysalgha, saentologiya shirkeuin alayyq. Daniyada saentologiya diny mәrtebesinen aiyryldy. Kanadada saentologiyagha óte kóp aiyppúl salyndy. Italiyada saentologiya qylmystyq úiym dep tanyldy. Onyng 29 mýshesi sottaldy. Ispaniyada qylmystyq is kóterildi. Germaniya men Fransiyada saentologiya qylmystyq úiym dep tanylyp, Fransiyada olardyng birqatar basshylary abaqtygha jabyldy, alayaqtyq jasau men adamdardy ózderin-ózderi óltiruge jetkizgendikteri ýshin aiyptaldy. Al AQSh-ta saentologiyagha taghylghan kinә men sot sheshimderi turaly әngime - óz aldyna bólek tariyh. Gresiyada Afiny soty 1997 jyly saentologiyagha ty­yym saldy. Saentologiyanyng qylmystyq isterin osylay jalghastyra beruge bolady. Europanyng Parlament Assambleyasy 1994, 1996, 1999 jyldary, odan keyin de sektalar jәne jana diny qozghalystar turaly sheshimder qabyldady. Ol qújattarda sektalar men diny aghymdardyng belsendiligine alandaushyq bildirip, olardan tónip túrghan qauipti elge týsindirudi maqsat etken. Ár elding mәdeny dәstýrleri men zang jýiesi aluan týrli bolghandyqtan, Parlament Assambleyasy әr memleket óz sheshimderine qaray is-qimyl jasauyn qalaydy.

Euroodaq elderinde adam qúqy búzyluynyng әrtýrli kórinisteri bayqalady: otbasyndaghy qatygezdik qarym-qatynas, jynystyq qatynasqa iykemdeu, adamdardy satu, zorlyq-zombylyqqa iytermeleu, nәsildik kózqaras taratu, zansyz emshilik qyzmet jasau.

Reseyding Dintanu zertteu ortalyghy memlekettik organdar, búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarymen birigip, jana diny aghymdardyng ilimi men qyzmeti turaly aqparat beredi, aghartushylyqpen ainalysady, әdebiyetter shygharyp taratady, dәrister oqidy. Ortalyqtyng jetekshisi A.Dvorkinning aituynsha, «sektalardan shyghudyng joly - oghan kirmeu, yqpalyna ilinbeu». Eger sektanttardan eldi aldyn ala saqtandyrsaq, naqty aqparat bersek, halyq qayta-qayta sektagha shaqyrudyng nemen bitetinin eskertsek, adamdar olardyng aldamshy sózine ermes edi deydi. Onyng zertteui boyynsha, psihologiyalyq túrghydan jeke adam sektagha birte-birte enedi. Eng aldymen, әrbir adam osy kýnge deyingi ómirin týgel adasu, qate dep eseptep, búryn onyng aq degeni endi qara eken, qara degeni aq, jaman degeni jaqsy, jaqsy degeni jaman ekenin moyyndaugha tiyisti. Ata-ana, otbasy, búrynghy dostaryn dos emes, jau eken dep týsinu qajet eken. Osylay adam ekinshi kezenge ótedi, qoghamnan oqshaulana bastaydy, jiger-qayraty әlsirep, belgili bir jattandy sózderdi qaytalay beredi, birte-birte erkinen aiyrylyp, tilalghysh, aitqandy eki etpeytin adam bolyp shyghady. Songhy kezende ol tolyqtay jana aghymgha berilip, bar kýshin salyp oghan júmys jasap, úiqydan, tamaq ishuden qalady. Barlyq sektalar osylay temir tәrtipke negizdelmegenmen, osynday qauymdastyqtardyng kóptigine Resey ghalymdarynyng birazy nazar audarady. («Religovedeniye», Rostov-na Donu, 2009, 373-375-bet.)

1995 jyldyng 23 jeltoqsanynda sektalardyng qauipti júmysynyng saldarynan Fransiyada 16 adam qaza tapty, onyng ýsheui sәbiyler edi. Osy da, basqa da uaqighalargha baylanysty Europarlamentting 1999 mausymynda sektalar turaly arnauly qaulysy qabyldandy. Onda birqatar sektalardyng qauipti әreketterine nazar audaryldy. Ártýrli ezoterikalyq (qúpiya) topqa kirgen ata-analary balalarymen qatygezdik qarym-qatynas ornatqan, zorlau, iydeologiyalyq yqpal saldarynan balalar mektepke barmay, memlekettik baqylaudan da tys qalghan. Sektalardan japa shekkenderdi psihologiyalyq, әleumettik jaghynan ómirge qaytaru ýshin kóptegen europalyq elderde memlekettik emes úiymdar payda boldy. Mysaly, Fransiyanyng «Otbasy men jeke adamdy qorghau» Assosiasiyasynyng jarnamasynda sekta qiytúrqy joldarmen adamdargha ózderining ilimin tanyp, ony psihologiyalyq joldarmen azdyrady: zorlanyp dinge qyzmet istep, úiqydan qalghan, toyyp tamaq ishpegen adamnyng densaulyghyna ziyan keledi; sektanyng ilimimen shektelgen adamnyng oi-órisi tarylady; adamdarmen pikir almasuy shekteledi, qoghamgha tútas qas, jau dep qarau adamdardy әleumettik túrghydan oqshaulanyp, otbasynyng búzyluyna әkeledi; balalar ata-analarynan, ata-analary bir-birinen ajyrasyp, qogham jikke bólinedi (Sonda, 288-289-better).

Katolikterding jana diny aghymdargha kózqarasyn 1991 jyly kardinal Fransiska Arinze jetpis bes episkop konferensiyalarynyng materialdary men bes kontiynentting mamandarynyng zertteuleri negizinde birqatar jana diny aghymdardy qauipti dep eseptedi. Kardinal Arinze olardyng sonymen birge elding tútastyghyna jik salatynyna, adamdardyng sanasyna yqpal etip qoymay, olardyng otbasynan qol ýzuine, qarjylary men dýniye-mýlkine ie bolatynyna basa nazar audardy (Sonda, 389-bet). Sonday-aq ol materialda «jana» dinge kirgenderge olardan shyghugha tyiym salyp, adamdardy tútqynda ústaghanday qoghamnan shektegeni, sonyng saldarynan sekta mýshelerining jappay ózderin-ózderi óltiruge deyin barghandary turaly derekter keltirdi (Sonda, 391-bet).

Arinze resmy Vatikandy oryndy-orynsyz synau, episkoptardyng arasyndaghy daular, olardyng oghash minez-qúlyqtary, sonday-aq katolik dindegilerding Injildi tereng mengermegendigi sektalargha ýlken kýsh beretindigine nazar audarady. Dinder bәsekelestigi zamanynda Qúdaygha qúlshylyq etu jolynda diny sana men jergilikti últtyq dәstýrlerding ýilesimine mәn beriluin kardinal talap etedi.

2004, 2005, 2007 jyldary «Diny senim bostandyghy jәne birlestikter turaly Qazaqstan Respublikasy» zanyna tolyqtyrular engizildi. Deputat retinde bir bayqaghanym, dinder mәselesinde Qazaqstan, basqa da tәuelsizdik alghan jas memleketterding zannamasy men europalyq standarttardyng ýilese bermeytindigi. Qazaqtar siyaqty otarlanghan últtar ýshin dәstýrli qúndylyqtar, últ mәdeniyetin, dәstýrli dinin qoldau óte manyzdy. Europa memleketterining de býgin hristiandyq qúndylyqtargha zor mәn beretindigin aittyq. Al Qazaqstangha kelgende europalyqtar, әsirese, Europadaghy Qauipsizdik jәne yntymaqtastyq úiymynyng ókilderi, olardy qoldaytyn eldegi keybir zangerler dinderding qúqy birdey degen jeleumen elding qalauymen eseptespey, dәstýrli dinderdi emes, europalyqtardyng qoldaytyn, bolmasa tipti Europadan quylghan diny aghymdardy Qazaqstangha tyqpalaydy. Bizding qogham býgin búghan alandauda.

Resey qoghamynyng alandaushylyghy 1997 jyly konfessiyalar men memleket araqatynastaryna ýlken ózgerister engizuge әkeldi. Tym liyberaldyq kurstan әkimshilik-retteushilik baghytqa bet aldy. Eger 1997 jylgha deyin Reseyding dinder salasyndaghy zannamasy jalpy diny janarudy qoldasa, endi jana zanda dinderdi «dәstýrli» jәne «dәstýrli emes» dep jiktep, birqatar diny aghymdargha zandastyrugha tosqauyl qongha negizder jasalyndy. Osylay memlekettik diny sayasat salasynda jana standart ómirge keldi. Zanda hristiandyq, Islam, buddizm, iudaizm Resey halyqtarynyng bólinbes tarihy múrasy retinde qúrmettelinedi dep moyyndaydy. Birte-birte múny barlyq TMD elderi qabyldady. Búrynghy kenes­tik, kazirgi jana tәuelsiz memleketter­ding diny bostandyq turaly zandarynda shetelden kelgen diny aghymdardy shekteuge, dәstýrli dinderdi qorghaugha bet alady. Armeniyada Armyan Apostoldyq Qasiyetti Shirkeui últtyq shirkeu dep tanyldy. 2007 jyldyng kókek aiynda Armeniya Res­publikasy men Armyan shirkeui qarym- qatynasy jóninde zang qabyldady. Oghan sәikes Armyan shirkeuining auruhanalar, balalar ýileri, internattar, әskery bó­limsheleri men abaqtylarda óz ókilin taghayyndaugha qúqy bar. Basqa diny toptar onday mýmkinshilikke tek memleketting rúqsatymen ghana ie boldy.

Ázirbayjan zanyna baylanysty shetel­dikter men azamattyghy joqtar diny nasihatpen ainalysa almaydy.

Ukraina zanynyng 24-babyna sәikes missionerlik qyzmetin tek memlekettik organdarmen kelisim negizinde jýrgizedi.

Týrikmenstan zanynyng 20-babyna baylanysty shetelden aghylyp kelip jatqan diny әdebiyetti tek ghylymy saraptamadan ótkennen keyin ghana elge taratugha rúqsat beriledi. Al zannyng 8-babyna sәikes diny úiymnyng jetekshisi bolyp joghary diny bilimi bar Týrikmenstan azamaty bola alady.

Belarusi Respublikasynyng zanynyng 22-babyna sәikes әdebiyet jәne basqa da materialdy tek dintanu saraptamasynan keyin ghana paydalanugha rúqsat etiledi. Diny úiymynyng jetekshisi bolyp tek Belarusi Respublikasy azamaty bola alady. 2003 jyly «Belarusi Res­publikasy men Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeui kelisimi turaly» zang qabyldandy. Zang belorus halqynyng ruhani, mәdeny jәne memlekettik dәstýrining tarihy qalyptasuy men damuy barysyndaghy Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeuining manyzyn eskere otyryp qabyldaghanyna nazar audarady. Sonday-aq memleket Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeuining tarihy tәjiriybesi, ruhany әleueti men kópghasyrlyq mәdeny múrasynyng búryn da, býgin de belorus halqynyng ruhani, mәdeni, últtyq dәstýrlerine yqpal etetindigin moyyn­dady. Al Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeui Belarusi memleketin ruhany jәne mәdeny dәstýrlerding saqtaluynyng kepili retinde tanyp, qoghamdyq tәrtip, últtyq qúndylyqtar men adamgershilik qaghidalardy qamtamasyz etude memleketpen kelisimge mýddeli ekenin moyyndady. Memleket pen Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeui kelisimining basty baghyttary mynalar: qoghamdaghy adamgershilik ahual, tәrbie jәne bilim, mәdeniyet, shygharmashylyq qyzmet, tarihy jәne mәdeny múrany qorghau, densaulyq, qayyrymdylyq pen meyirimdilik, otbasy institutyn qorghau, ana men bala, erkinen aiyrylghan adamdarmen júmys, әskery qyzmetkerlermen tәrbiye, әleumettik jәne psihologiyalyq júmys, qorshaghan ortany qorghau. Kelisimge sәikes birlesken baghdarlamalar qabyldanghan. Belarusi Pravoslavie Shirkeui men әrtýrli ministrlikter, sonday-aq epiarhiya men oblystyq, audandyq atqarushy organdar birlesken is-әreketteri turaly josparlar maqúldaghan. (Sosiologicheskie issledovaniya; 2006, №2, 128-135-better).

Sonymen býgin Europa men kóptegen TMD elderinde totalitarlyq sektalarmen zangha sýiengen ymyrasyz, qatang iydeo­logiyalyq, ruhany kýres jýrip jatyr.

Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng «Diny senim jәne diny birlestikter turaly» zany 1992 jyly 15 qantarda qabyldandy. Búl zannyng basty maqsaty zorlap tanylghan kenestik ateistik iydeologiyadan erkindik alu edi. Sonday-aq dindi sayasattandyrugha jol bermeu boldy. Býgin qoghamdyq pikir búl zandy jetildirudi talap etip otyr. Basty mәselening biri - totalitarlyq sektalardyng zardabynan halyqty qorghau. Degenmen biz әli óz ústanymymyzdy tolyq aiqyndamay, keyde tipti abyrjyp, kauip-qaterden seskenetin siyaqtymyz. El taghy bir mәselege nazar audarady. Elimizdegi katolikterge jaghday tughyzatyn Vatikan men Qazaqstan Respublikasy arasynda kelisimge qol qoyylghan, al tarihy dinderimiz Islam jәne pravoslaviyemen әli onday kelisim jasalghan joq.

Iritki salushylar tek dәstýrli dinderge ghana qarsy júmys jýrgizip jatqan joq, qoghamdyq jәne әleumettik instituttar­gha, memlekettik konstitusiyalyq qúry­lymyna qauip tóngizip túrghandyghyna el alandap otyr. Kosmopolitizm, «Qúday men dinder birligi», «adamzat birligi», «jana nәsil» iydeyalarynyng astarynda myng ghasyrlyq ruhany qúndylyqtardy shettetu, birte-birte yghystyru niyeti jatyr. XXI ghasyrda dәstýrli әdep, adamy qaghidalar tozghan, olar adamdy endi jalyqtyrady, tarihy dinder bar bolghany «salt-dәstýr» dinderi, adamnyng «jany» emes, tek «tәn» dinderi dey kelip, destruktivtik sektalar adamdardy «últ», «memleket» degen búghaudan azat etetin janarudyng «jana» jolyna shaqyrady. Búl - tәuelsizdigimizge de tóngen qauip. Býgin intelliygensiyanyn, jalpy azamattardyng Kazaqstan qoghamy jikke bólinuding aldynda túr dep qauipten saqtandyruy oryndy.

Sonymen birge býgin basqa da pikirler aityluda. Dәstýrli emes dinderding tarauy - demokratiyalandyrudyng kórinisi, sondyqtan olardy shekteu demokratiyany shekteumen birdey delinedi. Sóz joq, diny senim bostandyghy - azamattyq qoghamnyng basty qaghidasy. Biraq ózin din dep jariyalaghan birlestikting bәri iygilik, meyirimdilik әkelmeytini belgili boldy. Diny senim bostandyghyn býrkemelep, әrtýrli iritki salushy kulitterding tym erkindik aluyna, missionerlerding shamadan tys belsendiligine, olardyng artynda Batystyng myqty qarjyly qoldaushylarynyng barlyghyna bizding qogham asa zor alandaushylyq bildirude.

Eldin, jerining tútastyghy, shekara­synyng myzghymaytyndyghy siyaqty, onyng ruhany tútastyghy men birligine de qol súghugha bolmaytyndyghy aqiqat. Onsyz últty, eldi aman saqtau mýmkin emes. Búl - әlemdik qaghida. Ruhy biyik el ghana qoghamnyng erkindigi men dinin, diny senim bostandyghyn, halqynyng nanym-senimin qorghay alady. Dinderdi syilay otyryp, sonymen birge olardy qadaghalaugha, qajet bolsa, olardy shekteu qajeti bar.

Qoghamnyng sana-sezimine, tәrbiyesine jenil-jelpi qaraugha bolmaydy. Bizding keshegi tarihymyzdan sabaq alsaq ta bolar. Jýzdegen últtardyng tarihyn týbegeyli ózgertu ýshin V.IY.Leninge - on bes jyl, Adolif Gitlerge - 10, Ayatolla Homeyniyge - 20 jyl qajet boldy. Osy túlghalardy alghashqyda halyq elge baqyt әkelushiler dep tanysa, býgin olardyng ilimining әrtýrli dengeyde zardabyn shegude. Syrttan kelip, ishi-bauyrymyzgha kiretin aramyzdaghy «aqylshylardyn» artynda da myqty lobbiyler túr.

Ata Zanymyz bireu, al dinder kóp, zang aldynda olardyng qúqy birdey bolghanmen, ómirde olar shyn mәninde birdey emes. Ghasyrlar boyy elimizge ruhany tirek, órkeniyetimizding qazyghy bolghan jәne bola beretin, mәdeniyet qúrushy, orny bólek Islam dini bar, ony sektamen qatar qoIgha tipti bolmaydy.

Songhy jyldary Qazaqstanda da «Destruktivti diny aghymdardan japa shekkenderge kómek ortalyghy» qúryldy. Onyng derekteri boyynsha, Qazaqstanda mynnan astam «destruktivtik», bylaysha aitqanda, elge iritki salatyn sektalar bar. Osy sektalardan japa shekkenderge Assosiasiyagha birikken 18 ortalyqtan kómek kórsetiledi («Din jәne qúqyq», Almaty, 2010, 42-bet). Sekta әreketine tap bolghan adamdar otbasynyng qayghysyna ainalyp, olar kómekke múqtaj bolyp otyr.

1. Mening júbayym sektagha týsip qaldy. Ol jerge bizding pәterimizden zattar, enbekaqy (shәkirtaqy, zeynetaqy) aparyp beredi.

2. Mening әielim sektagha barady jәne mening qarsylyghyma qaramay ol jerge kәmeletke tolmaghan balamyzdy da aparyp jýr.

3. Kәsiporyn basshysy sektagha qa­tysady, barlyq júmyskerlerdi jina­lysqa qatysugha mәjbýrleydi («Býgingi kýngi din». Astana, 2008, 48-50-better). Osy siyaqty aryzdar óte kóp.

Aqtóbe qalasynda destruktivtik diny aghymdardan japa shekkenderge kómek kórsetetin «Jaryq» atty «Aqparattyq-konsulitativtik ortalyq» júmys jasauda. 2010-2011 jyldary eluden astam azamat әrtýrli, psihologiyalyq, zang túrghysynan óz súraulary boyynsha kómek alghan. Olar, negizinen, «IYegova Kuәgerleri», «Jana ómir», «Bereke», «Blagodati» siyaqty jana hristiandyq aghymdar, basqa da әrtýrli baghyttaghy dәstýrli emes jana diny aghymdary ókilderinen ziyan kórgender. Dýniye-mýlkinen aiyrylghan, densaulyqtaryna ziyan kelgen, ómirlerine qauip tóngen, balalaryn sektagha tartu siyaqty japa shekkender jәrdem kýtedi. Sektalar internet, kompiuterlik grafika, aghylshyn tili tobyn qúryp, jastardy tartuda. Shymkentte iritki salushy kulit­ter qyzmetining saldarynan ata-analary qan qúnggha bas tartqandyqtan, olardyng balasy qaytys boldy. Áskery boryshyn óteuden bas tartu, erli-zayyptylardyng ajyrasuy, anasynyng ne әkesining otbasynan qol ýzui, otbasyndaghy qatygezdik turaly jaghdaylar óte kóp tirkelude («Býgingi kýngi din». Astana, 2008, 20-22-better).

Elimizdegi diny ahualdyng kýrdele­nuining sebebin tek totalitarlyq sek­talardyng shabuylynan kóru birjaqty týsinik bolar. Ashyghyn aitsaq, jana diny aghymdardyng bizding elimizde tarauynyng sebebi, bir jaghynan, dini, zang túrghysynan da sauatymyzdyng tayyzdyghynan bolsa, ekinshi jaghynan, dәstýrli din ókilderining bilimining jetilmegendiginen bolyp otyr. Taza búlaqtan susynday almaghan jastar lay sudy ishuge mәjbýr bolyp jýr.

Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasynyng XVII sessiyasynda N.Nazarbaev «oylary mýldem bóten týrli diny sektalar men úiymdardyng kiruinen saqtaytyn» sharalar­gha asa nazar audardy. Bizding halyq qoghamgha ziyan keltiretin diny qauymdastyqtardy shekteuge baylanysty zangha ózgerister men tolyqtyrudy, bolmasa din salasynda tipti jana zang kýtude.

Sony

Amangeldi Aytaly,

Aqtóbe memlekettik pedagogika

institutynyng professory,

filosofiya ghylymdarynyng doktory

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