Ótken ómirding bir oqighasy edi. 1968 jyly Reseyden orys tilinde shyghatyn «Pioner» jurnaly jazushy L.Voronkovanyng «Ot - ómirding izi» («Sled ognennoy jizniy») atty, balalargha arnalghan romanyn jariyalay bastady. Jurnaldyng әr sanyn asygha kýtetinbiz. Álemdi jaulap, úlanghayyr memleket qúrghan, aqyrynda skifterdi baghyndyram dep kelip úly dalada Tomiris hanshanyng qolynan qaza tapqan parsynyng patshasy Kirdyng ómiri jayyndaghy esimiz kete oqyghan búl qyzghylyqty roman, shyndyghynda tarihtyng әkesi bolyp sanalatyn Gerodottyng kitabynan alynghan kóp hikayanyng biri ghana ekenin biz keyin, eseygende bildik. Bala edik. Tughanynan ólgenine deyingi ómirine kuә bolghan biz ýshin Kir patsha (eski parsy tilinde Qúrysh patsha) әlemdegi eng úly túlgha bolatyn. Shang juytpaytynbyz. Onyng jauy - bizge jau, onyng dosy - bizge dos, istegenining barlyghy dúrys bolatyn. Aqyrynda eseyip erjete bastap, týrli ghylymdarmen, tarihpen ainalysyp ong men solymyzdy tany bastaghanda sonau yqylym alysta qalghan balalyq shaqtan alyp shyqqan eng asqaq iydealdar bir-aq kýnde kýiregen edi. Jabayy jau sanalghan skifter - ózimizding kóne babalarymyz ekenine, al bala jasymnan erligine, memlekettik, eldik isterine sýisinip kelgen Kir patsha bizding Otanymyzdy, kindik qanymyz tamghan qasiyetti topyraghymyzdy jaulaugha kelgen, eshqanday ayaushylyqty bilmeytin, bitispeytin dúshpan bolghanyna kózim jetken kýni meni bir ýrey biyledi.

Ótken ómirding bir oqighasy edi. 1968 jyly Reseyden orys tilinde shyghatyn «Pioner» jurnaly jazushy L.Voronkovanyng «Ot - ómirding izi» («Sled ognennoy jizniy») atty, balalargha arnalghan romanyn jariyalay bastady. Jurnaldyng әr sanyn asygha kýtetinbiz. Álemdi jaulap, úlanghayyr memleket qúrghan, aqyrynda skifterdi baghyndyram dep kelip úly dalada Tomiris hanshanyng qolynan qaza tapqan parsynyng patshasy Kirdyng ómiri jayyndaghy esimiz kete oqyghan búl qyzghylyqty roman, shyndyghynda tarihtyng әkesi bolyp sanalatyn Gerodottyng kitabynan alynghan kóp hikayanyng biri ghana ekenin biz keyin, eseygende bildik. Bala edik. Tughanynan ólgenine deyingi ómirine kuә bolghan biz ýshin Kir patsha (eski parsy tilinde Qúrysh patsha) әlemdegi eng úly túlgha bolatyn. Shang juytpaytynbyz. Onyng jauy - bizge jau, onyng dosy - bizge dos, istegenining barlyghy dúrys bolatyn. Aqyrynda eseyip erjete bastap, týrli ghylymdarmen, tarihpen ainalysyp ong men solymyzdy tany bastaghanda sonau yqylym alysta qalghan balalyq shaqtan alyp shyqqan eng asqaq iydealdar bir-aq kýnde kýiregen edi. Jabayy jau sanalghan skifter - ózimizding kóne babalarymyz ekenine, al bala jasymnan erligine, memlekettik, eldik isterine sýisinip kelgen Kir patsha bizding Otanymyzdy, kindik qanymyz tamghan qasiyetti topyraghymyzdy jaulaugha kelgen, eshqanday ayaushylyqty bilmeytin, bitispeytin dúshpan bolghanyna kózim jetken kýni meni bir ýrey biyledi. Jo-joq, búl aruaqtardyng aldyndaghy ýrey emes edi.

Lermontov bir óleninde aitady emes pe, «Men búghauda ósip temir torda otyrghan býrkitpin» dep. Totalitarlyq sistemada tuyp, «sananyng tepkisinde», bir shyndyghy joq ótirik tarih atmosferasynda ósken sovettik balalargha әldebir kinә qoi, aiyptaudyng ózi - әbestik. Men «sovettik tariyh» dep atalatyn ghylymnyng qalyptastyrghan jalghan ghalamynyng masshtabynan shoshyndym. Syrtqy týri shyn tariyhqa úqsaytyn, aty shyqqan avtoriytetterge siltemeleri bar úlanghayyr jalghan hikaya. Tútastay hikayagha emes, onyng keybir tústaryna ghana kýmәn keltirip kóriniz, sodan song ne bolatynyn kóresiz. Berisi - qogham tarapynan, ghylymy әulet, әriptester tarapynan aiyptalyp, ataq-abyroydan aiyrylyp júmystan quylasyz. Arysy - abaqty men bir týiir qorghasyn. Býgingi qazaq bizding búl aitqanymyzgha senbeui mýmkin. Biraq sovet zamanynda tarih ghylymynyng siqy osynday bolatyn. Basqasha boluy mýmkin de emes, sebebi tarih - iydeologiyanyng eng basty qúraly. Adamdardyng barlyghy birdey oilaytyn, birdey týisinip-sezinetin kommunistik qogham qúru ýshin, adam sanasynda bittey alalyq bolmau kerek. Sol ýshin halyqtardy ózining tabighy mentaliytetinen, últtyq sanasynan aiyrady, sol ýshin aqyldy, bilimdi, jón biletin adamdardy joyady. Orystyng bir filosofynyng aitqany bar, «Sovet Odaghynda tarih ghylymy joq. Bizding tarih dep jýrgenimiz - ótken zamangha sәulesin týsirgen, ótken zamangha tónkerilgen býgingi sayasat» («V Sovetskom Sonze net istoricheskoy nauki. Nasha istoriya - eto nasha politika oprokinutaya v proshloe») dep. Anyq sóz saptasy esimde joq, biraq maghynasy tura osynday.

Áriyne, tarihy derekte kýnә joq. Egerde ol adal tarihshy keltirgen shyn derek bolsa. Tarihy jәdigerde kýnә joq. Egerde ol, әldebir әmirshinin, әldebir biyleushi әuletting qas-qabaghyna qarap jazylghan emes, tek qana shyndyqty tayanysh etken jәdiger bolsa. Tarihty búrmalaytyn, jalghan sóileytin tarihshy qazir de bar, búryn da bolghan. Ózi kuә bolghandy adal jazghan, búrynghy tarihty aqiqat eleginen ótkizip qoldan kelgenshe shyndyqty qalyptaugha tyrysqan arly, jauapkershilikti tarihshy qazir de bar, búryn da bolghan. Demek, ótkenning bәri shyndyq emes eken. Barlyq uaqyttaghyday, dәn menen topannyng aralas bolatyndyghynday aqiqat pen jalghan ýnemi qatar jýredi eken.

Endi, qúrmetti oqyrman, osy qaghidalardy oigha ala otyryp ózim býkil sanaly ómirimde zerdeleumen ótken, әlemdik ghylymda Kir menen Tomiristing soghysy dep tanbalanatyn, al bizshe, osydan eki jarym myng jylday búryn saharada bolyp ótken úly qantógisti, bizding qasiyetti Túmar әjemizding Qúrysh patsha bastaghan kóne parsynyng batysqa, týn týbine jasaghan úly jaugershiligin toqtatqan, osylaysha mәjýsiylikte, jabayylyqta jatqan Europa júrtshylyghyn, qanshama halyqty óz erkinen, óz әreketinen tys qúldyqtan qútqarghan úly kýresin shama-sharqymsha bayan etip bereyin.

Álqissa, erte-erte zamanda Midiya degen elde Astiag degen patsha jasapty. Midiyanyng astanasy Ekbatan, әldeneshe shaqyrym biyik dualmen qorshalghan, dualdyng syrtyn ainaldyra qazyp su toltyrghan tereng ory bar, qambalarynda neshe jyl jese tausylmas astyghy, qúdyqtary men kәrizderinde neshe jyl ishse tausylmas suy bar, alynbas berik qamal eken.

Qazirgi tariyhqa sýiensek orta ghasyrlarda Ámudariya men Syrdariyanyng arasy Mәurennahr dep atalghan eken. Parsy men týrikting ortaq leksikasynda «nehiyr» - «ózen» degendi, al «mәuren» - «eki aralyq» degendi bildiredi. Yaghni, Mәurennahr - eki ózenning arasyndaghy jerding aty. Biraq, erte zamanda Mesopotamiyadaghy Tigr jәne Evfrat ózenderining arasy da Mәurennahr dep atalghan. Keyinnen búl býkil Ghajam ólkesining ekinshi atyna ainalypty. Mine, biz әngime etip otyrghan Ekbatna shahary osy abat ónirding qolqa-jýregine ornalasqan eken. Astiagtyng bala kezinde búl ólkeni kóshpendi skifter jaulapty. Sol kezdegi otyryqshy elderding tarihnamasyndaghy resmy dәstýr-salt boyynsha, kóshpendiler yqty-jardy tyndamaytyn jyrtqysh, syrt kelbeti adam demeseng tabighat qúbylystaryna úqsas mylqau kýsh beynesinde kórinedi. Astiagtyng әkesi Qiaqsar patsha, elge auyr salmaq bolghan kóshpendilerden qútyludyng amalyn oilaydy.

Osylaysha kýnderding kýninde skifterdi mol dastarhan jasap qonaqqa shaqyrady. Qonaqtar tútastay qaqtalghan siyr men qoydyng etin opyryp jep, sharapty sabasymen tónkerip, aqyrynda mas bolyp, әr jerge qyljiyp úiyqtap qalady. Osy kezde Qiaqsardyng dayyndap qoyghan әskerleri kelip óli úiqyda jatqan skifterdi qyryp salady. Ras-ótirigin kim bilgen, biraq eski jәdigerler osylay bayan etedi.

Ákesining taghyn iyemdengen Astiag bir kýni týs kóredi. Týsinde ózining qyzy Mandana tóbesi kók tiregen terekke ainalypty. Terekting kólenkesi býkil әlemdi jauypty. Shoshyp oyanghan Astiag kýni boyy qobaljyp jýredi. Kelesi týni taghy týs kóredi. Búl joly patshanyng qyzy úshan dariyagha ainalypty, jayylyp býkil dýniyeni alypty. Ayqaylap shoshyp oyanghan Astiag saraygha dereý júldyzshy ghalymdaryn, týs jorityn sәýegeylerin aldyrady, bolghan jaydy aitady. Sonda sәýegeyler aqyldasa kele aitypty, «sizding basynyzgha búlt ýiirilgen eken, qyzynyz Mandanadan tughan jiyeniniz sizding altyn taghynyzdy alady, jihanger bolyp aqyrynda býkil әlemdi jaulaydy» dep. Sәuegeyler ketip qalghannan keyin patshanyng bir aqylshysy aitypty, qyzynyzdy qolynan eshtene kelmeytin bir ezge beriniz, ar jaghyn kóre jatarsyz dep.

Qazirgi Iran, búrynghy Parsy ol kezde Midiyanyng qúramynda otyrghan Anshan dep atalatyn shaghyn ghana uәlayat eken. Astiag oilap-oylap qyzyn osy Anshangha ózi biyleushi etip taghayyndaghan, úrys-soghysqa joq, momyn Kambiz esimdi adamgha úzatady. Keyinnen Mandana aiy-kýni jetip, bosanyp úl tughanda, sol úldy úrlatyp saraygha aldyrady. Balanyng jórgegin ashyp kórgen Astiag ózining bas uәziri Garpagty shaqyryp alyp, nәresteni soghan tabystap, taugha aparyp óltirip tasta, taghylar jep ketsin depti. Garpag, bәrinen beyhabar, mandayy jarqyrap kýlip jatqan nәresteni óltiruge qoly barmay ózining qoyshysy Mitridat degen adamdy shaqyryp sonyng qolyna tabystaydy. Mitridat balany ýiine alyp kelgende, sol kýni onyng әieli Spako da bosanypty. Balasy óli tughan eken, sol mәiitti taugha aparyp, keyinnen qol basynday ghana qanqany bas uәzirge әkelip beripti. Garpag balanyng óltirilgenine patshasynyng kózin jetkizipti. Sonymen Astiag kónili jaylanyp tynysh tauypty.

Osylaysha Qúrysh esimdi bala tumay jatyp osynday ótkelekterden ótip taghdyrdyng qalauymen tiri qalypty.

Qúrysh alghyr, qajyrly bolyp ósedi. Ákesine erip patshanyng qoyy men siyryn baghyp jýrip at qúlaghynda oinaytyn shabandozgha ainalady. Birde balalar patsha saylap oiyn oinaydy. Qúryshty patsha qylyp taghayyndaghan eken, ol jarlyghyn oryndaghysy kelmegen bir balany qatty jazalapty. Ol baydyng balasy eken, әkesine jylap barypty. Birden-birge ketken dau-damay aqyrynda Astiag patshanyng aldyna jetipti. Qúryshty alghash kórgende, onyng patsha taghynda otyrghan ózinen ainymaytynyn kórip Astiag airan-asyr tang qalghan desedi. Mitridatty shaqyrtyp aldyryp, «mynaday bala saghan qaydan keldi» dep súrapty. «Ózimning balam» depti Mitridat. Astiag jendetti shaqyrtyp, myna qoyshy shynyn aitsyn, azaptandar deydi. Aqyrynda otqa qyzdyrghan qanjarmen jonynan taspa tilgende Mitridat barlyq shyndyqty aitypty.

Astiag patsha jiyenining qúrmetine toy jasaydy, kýndizgi toygha Qúryshpen jasty balalardy shaqyrady. Bas uәzirding balasy da shaqyrylghan eken, bala ýiden shygharda bir jamandyqty sezgendey әkesine qimay-qimay qarapty. Garpag, oiynda eshtene joq, «bara ghoy, qúlynym, qúrby-qúrdastarynmen kónil kóterip qayt» dep balasyn shygharyp salady. Biraq, uәzirding balasy toydan qaytpay qalady. Qobaljyghan Garpag keshke toygha ózi barady. Astiag uәzirine neshetýrli dәmdi tabaq-tabaq qylyp tartqyzady. Eng sonynda «men saghan búryn jep kórmegen bir tamaghyndy tatyrayyn» dep qolymen belgi beredi. Dayashy Garpagtyng aldyna betin jibekpen japqan bir kersendi әkep qoyady. «Ashyp, dәm tat» deydi Astiag. Uәzir kersendi ashyp, ishinde mýshelenip búzylghan óz balasynyng etin, etting ýstinde túrghan basty kóredi.

«Búl әmirimdi oryndamaghan, meni aldaghan uәzirge ghana emes, maghan aramdyq istegenderding barlyghyna mening jasaytyn syiym» degen eken Astiag. Garpag qajyrly er eken. Patshasynyng istegen súmdyghynan kózi qarauytyp, býkil dýniyesi tónkerilse de, ishindegisin bildirmey, ornynan túryp iyilipti de «keshire kóriniz, әmirshim, búl maghan layyqty jaza» depti. Depti de kersendi alyp saraydan shyghyp jýre beripti. Balasyn arulap qoyghannan keyin, Garpag endi ishine qan qatyp, patshadan qalay kek aludy ghana oilaghan eken. Biraq, syrtqy týrinde esh ózgeris joq, kýnde saraygha kelip, patshagha adal qúl bolyp, mindetin qaltqysyz atqaryp jýre beripti.

Astiag sәuegeylerin shaqyrtyp, bolghan jaydy bayan etipti. Sәuegeyleri aitypty, «Sizding jiyeniniz oiyn kezinde oinap bolsa da patsha taghyna otyrdy osymen aruaqtardan kelgen ayan oryndaldy, endi qoryqpay-aq qoyynyz» depti. Astiag kónili jaylanyp, balany Anshan uәlayatyna, әkesi men sheshesine attandyrady. Al endi Matridat pen Spakonnyng jayy ne bolypty? Qúrysh ata-anasynyng qolyna barghannan keyin, ózin ajaldan alyp qalghan, asyrap-jetkizgen osy eki adamnyng taghdyry ne bolghanyn bilmek bolyp, qolynan kelgenshe talay ret izdeu salypty. Biraq, olardyng ne kýige úshyraghanyn anyqtay almapty. Keyinnen naghashy atasynyng astanasyn alyp taghyna otyrghannan keyin ghana shyndyqqa jetipti. Astiag patsha osy qazirgi әmirshilerdey-aq eken. Keyin jiyenining tónireginde týrli qanqu әngime órbimes ýshin Mitridat pen Spakony saraygha aldyryp azaptap óltiripti. Al, baqtashynyng kishkentay ghana qújyra ýii typ-tipyl órtelinipti. Mine, patshanyng әuletine jazatayym júghysqan, tipti jaqsylyq jasaghan adamnyng ózi kóp jaghdayda osynday kepke úshyrauy mýmkin eken.

Qúrysh eseyip erjetedi. Mine, osy kezde oghan bir qúpiya hat keledi. Hat iyesi bayaghy uәzir Garpag eken. Ol kezde de uәlayattardyng arasyndaghy torap joldarda keden túrady eken, ary-beri ótken adamdy tekseretin kýzetshiler bolady eken. Garpag keudedegi bas ketetin asa qaterli iske barghanda, әlbette, barlyghyn oilastyrady. Hatty jabayy taushan-qoyannyng ishine tigip jiberipti. Garpagtyng hatyn jetkizetin adam anshylar siyaqty kiyinip, kedennen osylay ótken eken. Kedenshiler oiynda eshtene joq, beline birneshe qoyandy asyp alghan adamdy Anshan uәlayatyna qaray ótkizip jiberedi. Mine, Midiyanyng kýireuine, Astiagtyng taqtan airyluyna, Qúryshtyng biylikke qol jetkizip qazirgi Indiyadan bastap Balkan týbegine deyingi jerdi jaulap Úly Parsy imperiyasyn qúruyna, osylaysha adamzat tarihyn mýldem basqa arnagha búrghan erekshe oqighalar tizbegine sebep bolghan bir japyraq qaghaz ózining adresatyna osylay jetkizilgen eken.

Endi hattaghy mәn-jaygha keleyik. Búl kezde Astiagtyng ishki-syrtqy sayasattaghy qatelerinen әleumetting ahualy shiyelenisip, ushyghyp ketken. Sarayda, patshanyng janynda otyryp memlekettegi ahualdy qalt jibermey qadaghalaghan bas uәzir Garpag, Astiagtyng birneshe osal jerin jazbay tanyghan. Eng әueli patshagha Midiyanyng aqsýiek әuleti, biylik jýiesin ústap otyrghan aristokratiya men sheneunikter qarsy. Sodan song býkil din men memlekettegi barlyq diny rәsimderdi atqaryp otyrghan sahabalar qarsy. Eng sonynda әskerbasylardyng deni patshanyng orasan qataldyqtarynan jýregi shaylyghyp, tek bastaryn qosyp búlghaqqa bastaytyn adamdy kýtip otyr. Osy faktorlardyng barlyghyn eseptep kelgen Garpag qimyldaytyn kez jetti dep sheshedi. Áriyne, saray ómirining qyr-syryna jetik tәjiriybeli, әkki uәzir ýlken saqtyqpen qimyldaghan. Ózine kerek adamdardy әldeneshe tekseristen ótkizgen. Aqyrynda isting sәti bilingende qapysyz qimyldaghan. Álbette, ayaghy almaghayyp búnday búlghaqty bastau ýshin patshanyng ózi jәne janyndaghy adal aqylshylary senetindey ýlken bir oqigha sebep kerek. Kәrini de, jasty da, tipti, dýnie esigin jana ashqan nәresteni de qoly qaltyramay óltiretin, adamnyng qadirin bilmeytin teksiz patshadan kek aludy kózdegen bas uәzir, oilap otyryp aqyrynda bayaghy ózi ólimge qimay qoya bergen Qúryshty esine týsiredi. Anshan uәlayatynda, uәly degen aty ghana, el qatarly qonyrtóbel tirshilik keship jatqan Kambizding úly, bolashaq úly patsha Qúryshqa kemenger uәzir Garpag ózining hatyn osynday jaghdayda joldaghan eken.

Taghdyrly hattyng taghdyry

Garpag ózining hatynda Midiyanyng ishki-syrtqy ahualyn qysqasha aityp beredi, biyleushi әulettin, әskerbasylardyng patshagha qarsy ekenin bildiredi. Ózderining Astiagqa ashyqtan-ashyq qarsy shygha almaytyndyqtaryn, búl úly isti bastau ýshin әldebir syrtqy sebep kerek ekenin aitady. Sóz sonynda Qúryshqa, Anshan uәlayatynyng halqyn kóteriliske bastasang degen ashyq úsynys jasaydy.

Keyingi zertteushiler (men búl jerde bizding zamannyng ghalymdaryn aityp otyrmyn) osy tanghajayyp oqighany kóp zerdelegen. El ishinde búlghaq úiymdastyrudyn, memleketti qúlatudyng tehnologiyalary barlyq uaqytta birdey, bir-birine úqsas bolyp keledi. (Alysqa barmay-aq, bizben qandas sanalatyn osman týrikterining tarihyna jýgineyik. Birneshe lek bolyp Aziyadan qonys audarghan seljýk taypalary qazirgi Týrkiyanyng Irakpen shekaralas bir shaghyn aimaghyn Vizantiyanyng imperatorynan súrap alady. Esen Búgha bastap barghan jauynger el sany kóbeyip jerge simay bara jatqanda, izdegenge súraghan degendey, grekting jergilikti sharualary imperatordyng ýstinen aryz aityp týrikterge kele bastaydy. Aqylgha simaytyn salyq jýiesi Vizantiyanyng týbine jetti dep jazady ghalymdar. Grekting sharualaryna jany ashyp, salyq jinaugha kelgen salyqshylarmen ilinisken janjal aqyrynda týrik-grek soghystarynyng sebebine ainalyp, Vizantiya, imperatordyng ýstemdiginen qútylyp, kóne órkeniyetter besiginde býgingi Týrkiya payda bolypty).

Kәmeletke jetip qalghan, sheshesi men әkesining shym-shymdap aitqan әngimesinen ózining biyik nesibesi, úly bolashaghynan tolyqtay habardar Qúrysh kóp oilanypty. Ózin andyghan jau kóp, al eng ýlken jau - naghashy atasy Astiag búnyng әr qadamyn qadaghalap otyr. Alghashynda úshbu hatty Astiagtyng arandatuy ma dep te oilaydy, biraq ol oiynan ainidy. Sonymen bolashaq jarty dýniyening әmirshisi tәuekelge barady.

Áueli Anshannyng sharualaryn jinap alyp bir kýn bel jazdyrmay auyr enbekke salypty. Ertenine әkesining azynaulaq dәuletin shashyp, egin dalasyna dastarhan jasatyp, júrtty kәuapqa toyghyzyp, sharap ishkizip mәz-mereke qylypty. Ýshinshi kýni júrtty jinap, «al, kәne, aityndarshy, qara terge malshynyp enbek etken jaqsy ma, әlde ishken mas, jegen toq, ómirdi merekemen ótkizgen jaqsy ma» dep súraydy. Áriyne, júrt iship-jep, kónil kótergendi qalaydy. Endeshe, qashanghy Midiyanyn, onyng toyymsyz әmirshisi Astiagtyng qúly bolyp jýre beresinder. Men senderdi erkindikke, tәuelsiz ómirge shaqyramyn. Erinder mening sonyma. Menimen birge bolyndar, birge ólinder. Ne erkin el bolayyq, ne býitken tirshilikting keregi joq, barlyghymyz jer jastanayyq» deydi. Deni ózining jasóspirim zamandastary, qoldarynda kemel qaruy da joq birneshe myng adam osylaysha qaterli, jankeshti jolgha týsipti.

Alghash habar kelgende Astiag senbegen kórinedi. Kóterilisshilerge qarsy tipti әsker shygharudy kerek dep tappaghan eken. Osynyng arqasynda Qúrysh bastaghan, endi belgili bir tәrtipke baghynyp, jýielenip, әsker bolyp qalyptana bastaghan jasaq jergilikti jerdegi Midiyanyng birneshe garnizondaryn talqandap, qoldary qarugha jetip, endi basqa últtardy, uәlayattardy ózine qosyp ala bastaydy. Onyng ýstine Astiagty qaytqen kýnde soghysqa úryndyrudy kózdegen әskeriyler, kóterilisshilerding isterin, olardyng jetistikterin әldeneshe ese ósirip jetkizedi. Imperiyagha qauip tóngenin sonda ghana týsingen Astiag ýlken әsker jaraqtap Qúryshqa qarsy attandyrypty. Adamdy Qúday úrarda, әueli ony aqylynan aljastyrady ghoy. Astiag patsha jer qayysqan әskerge bas sardar qylyp ózining uәziri Garpagty taghayyndapty. Garpag osy әskermen, Anshannan aulaqta, ala-qúla qarulanghan jasaqty bastap әri-sәri kýide túrghan Qúryshqa kelip qosylady. Osylaysha, bozbala Qúrysh, kózdi ashyp-júmghansha әlemdegi eng kýshti armiyalardyng birining sardary bolyp shygha keledi.

Súmdyq habardy estigen Astiag kýiikten ólip kete jazdapty. Eng aldymen tyndyrghan isi - býkil sәuegeylerin, júldyzshy ghalymdaryn jinap alyp, jalynyp-jalbarynyp, jylaghanyna qaramay barlyghyn qyryp salypty. Qúrysh patsha turaly jazylghan kóp romandardyng birinde mynaday epizod bar. Astiag sәuegeylerge aqyryp, «Sender meni aldadyndar, sol ýshin osy jerde barlyghynnyng basyng shabylady» deydi. Sәuegeyler men ghalymdar jylap-enirep patshadan rahym súraydy. Sonda bir ghalym basyn biyik ústap ýndemey túrady. «Sen nege jalbarynbaysyn?» depti Astiag. «Onyng ne keregi bar» depti ghalym, «sen tek túrghandy da, jalbarynghandy da óltiresin». Sodan song kýledi. «Nege kýlesin?» deydi Astiag. Sonda ghalym, «bayaghy aspannan týsken ayan oryndalyp, birneshe kýnnen keyin sendey qanisherding biyligining ayaqtalatynyna quanyp kýlip túrmyn» deydi. Áriyne, búdan keyin onyng basy shabylady. Osy sharuany tyndyryp bolghan Astiag shúghyl sauyn aityp, Midiyanyng qalghan әskerin eng songhy sarbazyna deyin bir tudyng astyna jinaydy. Sóitip qol bastap jaugha qarsy ózi attanady. Biraq, basynan baq tayghan patsha alghashqy úrysta Qúryshtan, dәlirek aitqanda óz aqshasymen jaraqtaghan әskerden masqara bolyp jenilip, maydan dalasynan sheginip, astanagha qaytyp keledi, qaqpanyng barlyghyn bekitip, ordy sugha toltyryp qorghanysqa kóshedi. Ar jaghy tipti onay. Qúrysh kelip astananyng aldyna tu tikkende qala halqy qaqpany ashyp beredi. Mesopotamiya, bizshe Mәurennahrda alghash qúrylghan, zamanyna layyq ozyq ekonomika, biyik mәdeniyet qalyptastyrghan imperiyalardyng biri bolyp sanalatyn Midiya osylay qúlaghan eken. Janadan qúrylghan Parsy imperiyasynyng qúramyna osylay kirgen eken.

Qúrysh ózining naghashy atasyna kenshilik jasapty, Garpagtyng aituymen alys bir uәlayatqa uәly qylyp taghayyndapty. Astiag keterinde Garpagqa «Keging qaytty ma, qaytsa meni nege óltirip tastamaysyndar?» deydi. Sonda Garpag aitypty «Sen siyaqty beybaq ýshin taqtan airylyp qatardaghy qúldyng dәrejesine týsuding ózi ólimmen teng emes pe? Al mening qúlmen kek alysatyn әdetim joq» dep. Astiagtyng búdan keyingi tarihy búldyr. Qartayyp ólipti dep kuәlandyrady bir jәdiger. Jenilip taqtan týsken kýni kýiikten ólipti dep kuәlandyrady endi bir jәdiger. Taghy bir romanda mynaday epizod bar, ótirik-shynyn kim bilsin. Jyldaghy salyqty astanagha alyp ketuge kelgen zeketshi Astiagtyng jer jebirine jetip úrsady. Myna salyqty nege az jinaghansyn, men seni osynyng ýshin dýrelep alugha haqym bar deydi. Bir kezdegi ózining zeketshisi, ózining qúly aitqan sózge tóze almaghan Astiag sol jerde ózine-ózi qanjar súghyp óledi.

Qonghan baqtyng úshardaghy tarihy...

Taqqa otyrghan Qúrysh, memleket basqaru dep atalatyn zildey auyr mindetti moynyna artady. Vavilon, Assiriyamen eki aradaghy jer dauy, búrynghy bolghan soghystardyng izi, alystaghy Mysyrmen eki aradaghy diplomatiyalyq oiyndar, Grekiyamen (inan) bolashaq soghystargha dayyndalu... tolyp jatyr. Biraq, jas patsha iske eren qajyrmen kirisedi. Áueli Vavilongha (bizshe Babyl) qarsy soghys ashady. Búl soghys úzaqqa barmapty. Qúrysh qalany qorshaugha alyp azghantay ghana qamaydy. Sodan song Vavilonnyng atausyz patshalary, shyn biylik iyesi sahabalar Nabonid patshany tútqyndap qalanyng qaqpasyn ashyp beredi.

Azghantay uaqyttyng ishinde Qúrysh patsha qazirgi soltýstik Indiya, Aughanstannan bastap jarty dýniyeni jaulap ýlgeredi. Osy jenimpaz soghystardyng tarihyn qarap otyrsanyz tanghajayyp bir qúbylysty bayqaysyz. Kóptegen qalalar qaqpany ózderi ashyp beripti. Nege? Álbette, jaulaushy, qarsylaspay, soghyspay bas iygenning jany qalady dep uәde beredi. Barlyq soghystarda derlik solay bolady. Qorshaugha týsken qalalardyng halqy kóp jaghdayda qalany qiratpay aman alyp qalu ýshin, jәne eng bastysy óz janyn saqtau ýshin jaugha beriledi. Búl týsinikti. Biraq, búnyng syrtynda taghy bir kiltipan bar. Ol kezde últtyq memleketter әli payda bolmaghan siyaqty. Halyqqa kim biylese de bәribir, әiteuir patsha ózi biylegen júrtyna jayly bolsa boldy. Al, jayly bolmasa, onda mәsele basqasha. Kóp jaghdayda qala halqynyng jaugha berilgen satqyndyghyna ... әmirshining ózi kinәli. Áskery mindetten (bitpeytin soghystarda qolyna qaru ústay alatyn erkek kindiktining barlyghyn tauysyp bitiretin aqymaq patsha kimge kerek), qolyndaghy baryn sypyryp alatyn auyr alym-salyqtan, adamdyghyn taptaytyn ezgi men qorlyqtan әbden sharshaghan halyq ghayyptan kelgen jaulaushygha qaqpasyn ashyp, patshasyn óz qolymen ústap әkep berip jatsa, onyng qayran qalatyn eshtenesi joq. Ol kezdegi otyryqshy halyqtar eldik ýshin, erkindik ýshin kýrespeydi - tynyshtyq ýshin, eseli, tirnekti enbekke kedergi keltirmeytin tynysh ómir ýshin kýresedi. Qúrysh patshanyng tanghajayyp jenisterining syry, az uaqytta úlanghayyr jerdi alyp, pәlenbay patshalyqty baghyndyruynyng syry osynda jatyr.

Biraq, tútas patshalyqtardyn, tútas halyqtardyng óz erkimen beriluining artynda súmdyq saldary bar. Qaqpasyn ashyp qalasyn óz qolynan bergen, jerin óz erkimen úsynghan halyq jay quanbaydy, «bizdi azat etetin, tynysh ómir beretin patsha keldi, búnday patshany Qúdaydyng ózi jiberip otyr» dep aspanmen astasqan madaq jyrlardy jyrlaydy. Jaulaushy ózining әlemdi azat etuge kelgen jihanger ekenine shynynda da sene bastaydy. Sodan song búl senim aqyrsonynda ýlken jahandyq iydeyagha ainalady. Sodan keyin jana patshanyng manayyna úiysqan, biylikke, baylyqqa ash jana elita da ony jaugershilikke iytermeley bastaydy. Qúryshtyng Mәurennahrdy jaulaumen shektelmey, toqtay almay ary, Grekiya (inan) tarabyna qaray attanuyna osy eki faktor әser etken. Jenimpaz patshalar bitpeytin soghystyng jolyna osylay týsetin bolghan.

Qúryshtyng grek dýniyesine qarsy attanyp Kishi Aziyadaghy jaulaghan alghashqy memleketi Lidiya dep atalghan. Mermnad dep atalatyn patsha әuletinen shyqqan Aliatt patsha elin belgili bir kezennen asyryp kóz júmghannan keyin taqqa onyng balasy Krez otyrady. Lidiya patshalyghy qazirgi jónmen alatyn bolsaq Týrkiyanyng ontýstik-batys aimaghyn alyp jatqan Izmir uәlayatyna sәikes keledi. Patsha әuletining baghyna oray memleketti qaq jaryp suynda erigen altyny kóp Pattol ózeni aghady eken. Osy ózenning tabanyna qoydyng terisin tósep, biraz uaqyttan song alyp keptirip, jýnin qyrqyp otqa jaqqanda, bir qoydyng terisinen júdyryqtyng ýlkendigindey altyn qorytylyp shyghady eken. Osylaysha tonnalaghan altyn óndirgen Krez sol kezdegi eng bay patsha sanalypty.

Birde, kóne dýniyede aqylymen, oi-óresimen aty shyqqan danyshpan Solondy Krez ózining astanasy Sard qalasyna arnayy shaqyrtumen aldyrady. Aqylgóy filosofqa tiyisti syi-siyapatyn jasaghan Krez sonynda ony ózining qazynasy túrghan saraygha alyp kirip aralatypty. Biraq, Solon tau-tau bolyp ýiilip jatqan altyn-kýmiske, kespekterdi syndyra jazdap túrghan inju, zýbәrjat, gauhar tastargha nemqúraydy kóz tastap, shyghyp jýre beripti. Sәl tiksinip qalghan Krez artynsha bir otyrysta danyshpannan «Álemdegi eng baqytty adam kim dep oilaysyz?» dep súraydy. Solon ózin aitady dep ýmittengeni belgili. Biraq, Solon erlikpen qaza tapqan, ólgennen keyin halyqtyng qúrmetine bólengen bir adamdy, sodan song jegetin at taba almay, analaryn arbagha otyrghyzyp Qúdaylardyng panteony túrghan ghibadathanagha jayau sýirep kelip, sol jerde úiyqtap ketip oyanbay qalghan, halqynyng ayauly esimderine ainalghan eki bozbalany aitady. Shamdanyp qalghan Krez, sonda osynsha baylyq jinaghan, osynday ýlken júrtty biylep otyrghan men, mening basyma qonghan baq týkke de túrmaghany ma deydi. Sonda Solon aitty deydi «Men adamnyng basyna dәl osy sәtte qonghan baqqa kóp sene bermeymin, sebebi baq aumaly nәrse. Adam ómirining nemen ayaqtalghanyn kórip baryp qana onyng baqytty ya baqytsyz ekenin aitugha bolady. Sondyqtan siz jayynda men eshtene aita almaymyn» dep. Ashulanghan Krez, aqylgóy Solondy salqyn ghana shygharyp salypty.

Osy kezde Kishi Aziyanyng shetinen parsy әskerining aldynghy legi kórinedi. Krez patsha pәleketting aldyn almaq bolyp, Deliftegi sәuegeylerge siyapat retinde mol altyn jiberip, men Qúrysh patshamen soghysayyn ba, әlde soghyspayyn ba? Soghysa qalsam, elimnin, ózimning taghdyrym ne bolady dep saual joldaydy. Delifting sәuegeyleri eshqashan naqty jauap bermegen ghoy. Búl joly da Krezge adam týsinbeytin ekiúshty jauap beripti, soghyssan, sen gýldenip túrghan úly memleketti kýiretesin, depti.

Búl sәuegeylikti Krez ózinshe joridy, gýldenip túrghan memleketti Parsy dep sheshedi, Qúday jolymdy boldyrayyn dep túr eken deydi. Sonymen, Krezding armiyasy parsylargha aldymen shabuyl jasaydy. Ýlken jazyqta bolghan kýniboyghy shayqasta eki әsker teng týskendey eken, biraq kýn týsten aughanda Krez ózining atty әskerin aldynghy shepke shygharady. Qúrysh Lidiyanyng kavaleriyasyna qarsy Aziyadan alyp kelgen týie mingen sherikti qarsy qoyady. Lidiyanyng jylqylary búryn kórmegen januardyng sabalaq jýninen, jaman iysinen shoshyp, tulap keri búrylypty. Osylaysha lidiyalyq әskerding shebi búzylyp opyr-topyr bolady. Osyny paydalanyp Qúrysh sheshushi shabuylgha shyghady. Kóp úzamay jarym-jartylay qyrylghan Krezding armiyasy tize býgedi. Krez taghynan, Lidiya egemendiginen airylady. (Keyinnen Krez, «sender meni aldaghandaryng ne, arandatyp soghysqa úryndyrghandaryng ne?» dep delifiyalyq sәuegeylerge ókpe-nazyn aitqanda, olar «biz saghan gýldenip túrghan memleketti kýiretesing degendi sening óz memleketindi aityp edik» dep jauap beripti).

Parsylar Krezdi otqa órtemek bolady. Biyik ýiilgen otynnyng ýstinde baylauly túrghan Krez, ot alghash lapyldaghanda «O, Solon, Solon, qaydasyng danyshpanym!» dep aiqaylap jylapty. Qúrysh, búl ne dep túr, kәne otty óshirinder deydi. Azdan song aldyna keltirilgen Krezden súrapty, Solon degen kim, onyng atyn aityp nege jyladyng dep. Krez bayaghyda bolghan jaydy aityp kelip, men әlemdegi eng bay patshanyng biri boldym, altyn men kýmisti, gauhardy qúm esepti shashtym, baqyt degen osy shyghar deytinmin, biraq Solonnyng aitqany ras bolyp shyqty, sen meni jenip, órtemek bolyp alaudyng ýstine shygharghanda sol qisapsyz baylyq mening bir sәttik ómirimdi saqtap qala almady, depti. Tamasha ghaqliya әngimege riza bolghan Qúrysh, jarlyghyn ózgertip, Krezdi janyna aqylshy qylyp alypty.

Bir qyzyghy, Qúrysh skif dalasyna ózining ajaldy joryghyn bastaghanda, onyng shtabynda parsynyng qolbasshylarymen birge osy Krez de bolghan eken. Biraq, onyng odan keyingi taghdyry belgisiz, skifter ony óltirdi me, әlde óltirmey qoya berdi me, ol jaghy beymәlim. Osylaysha Kishi Aziyadaghy eng bay jәne eng quatty memleket qúlaghan eken. Osydan keyin az uaqyttyng ishinde, Qúrysh, Grekiyadaghy bólek-bólek bolyp otyrghan memleketterding barlyghyn baghyndyrady. Afina, Miylet, eshkimnen jasqanyp kórmegen jauynger Sparta, bәri-bәri parsynyng tabanynyng astyna týsedi. Ellin әlemi ýshin bir zamangha sozylghan kiriptarlyqtyn, qúldyqtyng kezeni bastalady.

Qúryshtyng songhy joryghy

Kýshi boyyna simay túrghan jenimpaz parsylardyng endigi baghyty kóne dýniyening barlyq bilimin, tylsym syrlaryn múralanyp qalghan, perghauyndar biylik qúrghan júmbaq el Mysyr edi. Alayda, Grekiyany baghyndyrghan Qúrysh ayaq astynan nildey búzylady, býkil әskerdi Dәshtige, soltýstik-batystaghy skifterding dalasyna búrady. Jaulanghan elderden qosylghan soghys ónerining bilgirleri, әsirese, grekting strategteri, basqa da aqyldy adamdar Qúryshty búl joryqtan saqtandyrmaq bolady, dәl qazirgi sәtte qanshama qalalary bar, ekonomikasy damyghan, qazynaly Mysyrdy jaulaghan jón, al tarihta eshkim baghyndyra almaghan skifterdi, soghysyp, jenip baghyndyru ýshin olardy әueli sol qiyan daladan tauyp alu kerek. Úsharyn jel biletin júrtty izdep taba almay, býkil әsker ashtan, shólden qyrylsa masqaranyng ýlkeni sol bolady deydi.

Bir grekting qolbasshysy, skifter búryn parsylarmen jaulasyp pa edi, soghysyp pa edi dep súraydy. Joq, jaulasqan da, soghysqan da emes dep jauap beredi parsylar. Olay bolsa solargha tiyispey-aq qoysaq qaytedi deydi atalghan qolbasshy. Biraq, Qúrysh eshkimning uәjin tyndamaydy. Sonymen parsy imperiyasynyng әr jerinde damyldap jatqan qalyng әsker batys shekaragha qaray jyljy bastaydy. Kýz, qys ótip kóktem kelgende Qúryshtyng armiyasy Ámudariyadan ótip búrynghy Baktriya men Sogdiananyng nemese qazirgi Ózbekstan men Tәjikstanyng jerin basyp Dәshtige qaray attanypty. Deni jayau sherikter bolghandyqtan parsynyng әskeri bayau jyljyp shamamen eki ay uaqytta qazirgi Qyzylordanyng Shiyeli audanynyng túsynda aqyry skifting әskerimen bettesedi.

Qúrysh patshanyng әskerining sany jóninde әlemdik ghylymda birauyzdy pikir joq. Bireuler elu-alpys myng dese, bireuler jýz-jýz elu myn, keybireuler eki jýz myng degen sandardy aitady. Taghy bir ghalymdar tórt jýz elu myng әsker degendi aitady. Bizdinshe osy san shyndyqqa jaqyn. Onyng sebebi mynada. Qúrysh Soltýstik Indiyadan bastap batysta Grekiyany baghyndyryp shamamen qazirgi Balkan týbegine deyin jetken. Ontýstikte qazirgi arab memleketterining jerin baghyndyrghan, soltýstikte Kavkazgha deyin jetip kóne armyan memleketi Kilikiyany jaulaghan. Osy parsynyng dәrgeyine qaraghan júrttan, atalghan tórt jýz elu myndy shygharu әbden mýmkin. Onyng ýstine Qúrysh jenilgen, baghynghan elderding armiyalaryn ózine qosyp alyp otyrghan. Sol sebepti tórt jýz elu myng - aqylgha qonymdy san.

Soghystyng bolghan jeri jayynda da әrtýrli pikir aitylady. Bir top ghalym, Qúryshtyng armiyasy qazirgi Aughanstannyng jerinen kóktemde attanyp shildening ayaghy - tamyzdyng basynda qazirgi Ontýstik Qazaqstannyng jerinde Túmar patshanyng әskerimen kezdesti degen pikir aitady. Biz de osy pikirdi ústanamyz. Endi bir top ghalym Qúryshtyng әskeri qazirgi Týrkmenstannyng jerimen jýrip otyryp Manghystaudyng jerinde Uzboy degen ózenning jaghasynda skifting әskerimen kezdesti degen pikir aitady. Qúrysh soghysqan massagetterding qonystanghan jeri osy kóne Manghystau bolghandyghyn búl ghalymdar basty uәj qylyp aitady. Biraq búl marshruttyng nege mýmkin emes ekenin payymdap kóreyik. Birinshiden, jarty million әskerden túratyn armiyanyng intendanttyq, yaghny azyq-týlik jәne basqa da kerek-jaraq qyzmetining ózi әldeneshe myng adamdardyng qyzmetinen túratyn úlanghayyr jýie. Áskerding ashyghyp, kóteriliske shyghyp, patshalaryn óltirip jan-jaqqa tarap ketui, soghystardyng tarihynda talay ret qaytalanghan oqigha. Armiya uaqytynda kerek-jaraqpen qamtamasyz etilip, toqtausyz jýrip otyryp Manghystaudyng dalasyna jetti deyik. Jetkende skifter... joq bolyp shyqsa she? Otyryqshy halyqtardy eshqashan adam dep, soghysugha tatityn jau dep eseptemegen skifterdin, keng dalanyng basqa bir týkpirine kóship ketip qaluy ghajap emes. Ábden mýmkin. Sodan keyingini kózinizge elestetiniz. Tónirek jýzdegen, myndaghan shaqyrymgha sozylyp jatqan dala. Kýn shilingir, kýiip túr. Al eng basty qorlyq, osynshama әuremen neshe ay jýrip jetkende jaudyng joq bolyp shyghuy. Sodan son, kóptegen jihangerdi qor qylyp qorlaghan taghy bir nәrse bar. Ol kәdimgi ... ish auruy. Qazirgi tilmen aitqanda diyzenteriya. Skif ýshin әrbir tau-tasynyng eshqanday qúpiyasy joq, keng jaylau jazira, jer jayytymen tanys emes basqa adam ýshin ajaldy meken bolyp shyghuy mýmkin.

Qúrysh ta aqymaq emes. Ol әr kezde Dәshtige keruen tartqan saudagerlerding estelikterin, sayahatshylardyng jazbalaryn bayyptap zerdelep, ózi jaulaugha bekingen ólke jayynda barynsha mol maghlúmat jinaugha tyrysqanyna eshqanday kýmәn joq. Mine, sol sebepti parsynyng әskeri Manghystaugha emes, qazirgi Ontýstik Qazaqstan jerine sheru tartqan. Ol kezdegi Baktriya men Sogdiana otyryqshy el jaylaghan, ózen-suy mol, astyqqa bay el. Ásker osy abat ónirmen jýrip otyryp dittegen jerine sharshamay jetedi. Onyng syrtynda Qúryshtyng strategiyalyq jәne bir esebi bolghan siyaqty. Parsynyng әskeri skiftyng dәrgeyindegi osy otyryqshy elderdi jaulasa, keng dalada «qanghyp», ústatpay jýrgen skifter soghysu ýshin parsylardy ózderi izdep keledi. Sodan keyin ýlken maydan ashylghanda Qúryshtyng ansaghan massagetteri ózderining atalastaryna kómekke keledi. Osylaysha úlanghayyr Dәshtining dalasynda shashyrap jýrgen skifter bir maydangha jinalyp, bala-shaghasymen osy jerde qyrylugha tiyis. Tamasha strategiya. Jәne búl әskeriy-sayasy esep jartylay iske asqan da. Massagetter shynynda da Baktriyadaghy qandas aghayyndaryna kómekke kelgen.

Al endi Tomiris - bizding Túmar әjemizding әskerining sany qansha edi? Búl saualgha jauap beru óte qiyn. Salyq jýiesi birshama qalyptasqan otyryqshy elderding sanyn salyq qújattaryndaghy mәlimet arqyly shamamen shygharugha bolady. Sodan song halyqtyng sanyna qarap otyryp әskerining sanyn da shamalap esepteuge bolady. Alayda, skif dýniyesine kelgende statistikalyq zandylyqtar jýrmey qalady. Ár kezde Dәshtige kelip-ketken sayahatshylardyn, kóne tarihshylardyng jazghandarynan eshtene angharu mýmkin emes. Bizding zamanymyzdyng keybir avtorlary, skif asa ýlken halyq emes edi, sol sebepti әskerining sany da az bolghan degen pikir aitady. Keybireuleri Túmardyng ertip kelgen әskeri parsynyng armiyasynan eki jarym esedey az edi degen joramal jasaydy. Osy, tayanyshy joq derekke sýiensek, onda Túmar әje Jiydeli - Baysyngha jýz seksen mynday әskermen kelgen bolyp shyghady.

Az ba, kóp pe? Skif ýshin nemese әdepki eki halyqtyng soghysy ýshin kóp. Al parsy men skifting soghysy ýshin az. Nege deysiz ghoy? Sebebi, búl soghys skif pen parsynyng soghysy emes. Búl - skifting býkil әlemmen soghysy. Qúrysh Dәshtini qaytken kýnde alamyn, skifti qaytken kýnde jerding betinen joyamyn dep niyettengen. Skifting qiyn jau ekenin biletin Qúrysh jana imperiyadaghy soghysqa jaramdy degen erkek kindikting barlyghyn óz tuynyng astyna jinaghan. Yaghni, skif dalasyna sol kezdegi býkil әlemning әskeri jinalghan. Qúryshtyng armiyasynda Soltýstik Indiyadan bastap Balkan týbegine deyingi aralyqtaghy halyqtardyng barlyghynyng jauyngerleri bolghan. Osyghan qarap bizding babalarymyzdyng qanday qan keshkenin shamalay beriniz.

Soghystyng aldynda skifter ýshin, olardyng patshasy Túmar әjemiz ýshin bir qasiretti oqigha bolghan. Túmardyng nemeresi (balasy emes) Aspara (grekting interpretasiyasynda Spargapiys) janyndaghy azghantay úlanmen, eshkimmen aqyldaspay parsynyng kóshin shauyp tútqyngha týsedi. Osynyng aldynda ghana Qúrysh patsha Túmar padishagha hat joldaydy, qan tógspeyik, ekeumiz ýilenip beybit sheshimge keleyik degen úsynys jasaydy. Jasy kelip qalghan Túmar әje elshining sózin tyndap bolyp kýlipti. Sodan song bylay dep jauap beripti: «Sen qu adamsyn, Qúrysh. Býkil ómiri at ýstinde ótken meni qaytesin, gareming tolghan súlu qyz. Saghan men kerek emespin. Saghan mening elim men jerim kerek. Biraq mening elim erkindikten basqa eshtenege kónbeytin asau el, sen ony baghyndyram dep әure bolma. Al shynynda da qan tókking kelmeydi eken, olay bolsa әskerindi al da eline qayt».

Asparanyng (Spargapiys) tútqyngha týsuining ózi júmbaq jayttargha toly. Gerodottyng jәne basqa avtorlardyng kuәlandyruy boyynsha, Qúrysh massagetterding artynan qualay-qualay sharshaghannan keyin mynaday bir qulyqqa barady. Auyrghan, syrqaghan әskerlerdi, jandaryna torsyqqa, sabalargha qúiyp kóp sharap, tútastay qaqtalghan qoy men siyrdyng etin qalap qoyyp (ony qaydan ala qoydy eken?), qalghan әskerdi alyp sheginip ketedi. Týn ishinde Aspara osy auru-syrqaulardyng auylyn shabady, barlyghyn óltirip, sodan song toylaugha otyrady. Etti opyryp jep, sharapty tónkerip iship, aqyrynda mas bolyp, qyljiyp úiyqtap qalady. Qaytyp kelgen parsylar barlyghyn tútqyndaydy.

Áriyne, búl, parsynyng nәsilshil, últshyl tarihy ghylymynyng tudyrghan «shejiresi». Astiag patshanyng әkesi Qiaqsar da skifterdi osylay ishkizip-jegizip, mas qylyp baryp qyryp salady. Kóne parsy men qazirgi Irannyng tarihnamasynda ýnemi qaytalanyp otyratyn búl epizodtyng kózdeytin astarly maqsaty - skifterdi ishse tamaqqa, kiyse kiyimge jarymaghan, qolyna sharap pen tamaq týsse ólerin bilmey ishe beretin, jey beretin, yaghni, dalanyng taghy aiuany siyaqty tek qana instinktke baghynatyn әldebir mahlúqat qylyp kórsetu. Týp múrat - Irannyng adamdyq, insaniattyq, mәdeni, t.b. túrghylardan alghanda Túrannan ólsheusiz biyik túrghanyn kórsetu, parsynyng boyynda, kónilinde, qanynda dalalyqtargha degen óshtikti óshirmey, ýnemi qozdatyp otyru. (Osy orayda Qazaqstannyng Irandaghy elshiliginde biraz uaqyt júmys istep kelgen bir adamnyng әngimesi esime týsedi. Onyng aitysyna qaraghanda qazirgi Irannyng Shiraz qalasynan 70-80 shaqyrym jerde jatqan Parsynyng eski astanasy Persepoliding tas synyqtary ghana qalghan eski júrtyna jyl sayyn nauryz aiynda myndaghan adamdar jinalyp skifterding Parsyny qalay shapqanyn bayan etetin sahnalyq qoyylymdardy tamashalaydy eken. Búl da býgingi qyzylbas júrtyn aqyryndap ýstem sanagha baulu bolyp sanalady).

Asparanyng jau qolyna qalay týskenin biz endi eshqashan da bile almaymyz. Al óz basym onyng mas kýiinde tútqyngha týskenine senbeymin.

Qolyna hanzadaday qymbat tútqyndy týsirgen Qúrysh endi sayasy shantajgha kóshedi, skifterge zor talaptar qoya bastaydy. Ózining sayasy saudadaghy oiynshyq túlghagha ainalghanyn kórgen Aspara, birde Qúryshtyng aldyna jauapqa kelgende parsynyng beygham túrghan bir әskerining qanjaryn qynnan júlyp alyp óz jýregine qadap ólipti. Taqtyng múrageri, Ishpaqay әuletining eng songhy erkek kindiktisi ómirmen osylay qoshtasqan eken. Habar dereu Túmar әjege jetedi. Qayghydan kýizelip, ilezde jýdep qalghan Túmar әje esengirep otyryp Qúryshqa songhy sәlemin joldapty. «Sen ayar, qanisher Qúrysh, mening balamdy aldap qolyna týsirdin, qanyn tóktin. Men keshege deyin seni ayap, óltirmey qoya bereyin dep kelip edim. Endi saghan eshqanday ayaushylyq joq. Ajalyna dayyndal. Qalay soghysqandy qalaysyn? Ózenning arghy jaghasynda soghysqyng kelse, jaghadan sheginip bizding әskerimiz siyatynday jer qaldyr. Bergi jaqta soghysqyng kelse, onda jaghadan biz shegineyik» depti.

Qúryshtyng armiyasy ózenning bergi jaghasyna ótedi.

Sonymen bizding dәuirimizge deyingi 529 jyly tamyz aiynyng bir kýninde, su anasy Syrdariyanyng jaghasynda, jýzden astam halyqtyng úldary qatysqan әlemdegi eng úly qantógis bastalady. Gerodot jazady, adamzat tarihynda búnday soghys búryn-sondy bolmaghan eken dep. Búl soghystyng qansha kýnge sozylghany jayynda da әrqily pikir aitylady. Gerodot bir kýnde bәri de ayaqtalghan eken deydi. Kim biledi. Biraq soghystyng toqtausyz qyzu jýrgeni anyq. Qadym zamanynyng avtorlary skifting erligin sipattaghanda, «eshbir ólshemge simaytyn ashu, yza, kek» degen beyneli sózdi paydalanady («yarosti, kotoraya ne poddaetsya nikakomu opisanii»). Osy úrysta әlemning eng er halyqtary skifting sadaghy men jebesi, skifting nayzasy, skifting semseri degenning ne ekenin tanidy. Parsynyng әskeri tútastay qyrylypty. Soghystan keyin Túmar әje Qúryshtyng mәiitin izdep taptyrypty da, basyn kesip, «qangha toymadyng ghoy, endi qanyp ish» dep qan toltyrghan kón dorbagha saldyrypty.

Parsylardan saray tónireginde jýretin, úrys-soghysqa qatysy joq azynaulaq adam ghana tiri qalady. Túmar әje, Qúryshtyng basy salynghan kón dorbany osylardyng qolyna ústatypty. Taghy bir derek boyynsha parsylar bir jyldan keyin әldeneshe arba altyn men týrli qazyna alyp kelip Qúryshtyng mәiitin satyp alypty.

Mәiit elge jetkizilgen song kelesi patshanyng әmirimen Qúryshqa arnalyp mavzoley salynypty.  Mavzoleyding qúrylysy sol kezdegi sәulet ónerining eng basty jetistikterin boyyna jinaqtaghan. Eni jalpaq alty baspaldaqtan túratyn biyik túghyrdyng ýstine tabyt-kamera ornatylghan. Kameranyng ólshemderi 3,17 h 2,11 h 2,11. Qúrysh ólgennen keyin eki ghasyr ótken song bizding dәuirimizge deyingi 330 jyly movzoleyge Aleksandr Makedonskiy kelip ketipti. Ol kelgende Qúryshtyng dәrilengen mәiiti bar ma, joq pa, belgisiz. Tek qana sahaba-shyraqshylar bar eken. Aleksandr Indiyagha joryqqa ketken kezde mavzoley tonalypty. Indiyadan qaytyp kelgennen keyin Aleksandr tonaushylardyng barlyghyn ólim jazasyna kesipti. Parsy imperiyasynyng negizin qalaghan úly jihanger ózining ómirin osylay ayaqtaghan eken.

Atalghan mavzoley Irannyng Shiraz qalasynan 130 shaqyrym jerdegi Persepoli arheologiyalyq aimaghynda, eskilikting kóp múrasynyng biri retinde әli túrghan kórinedi.

Áygili arhiytektor Shusev, Qyzyl alandaghy Leninning mavzoleyin jobalaghanda osy Qúryshtyng mavzoleyin ýlgi qylyp alghan eken.

Al endi osy úly jihangerdi jenip, qanshama halyqtardy parsynyng jaugershiliginen, qúldyghynan qútqarghan bizding Túmar әjemizding mәiiti qayda? Áriyne, ony eshkim bilmeydi. Qúday osynday erekshe nesibe iyesi qylyp, úly mindet jýktep jaratqan әjemizding qasiyetti sýiegi osy daladaghy sansyz obalardyng qaysysynda jatyr, nemese qazaq jerinde bar ma, әlde bir uys topyraq mýldem basqa jerden búiyrdy ma, biz ony eshqashan anyqtay almaymyz. Skif әuletinen tughan úly úrghashy, úly anamyz, úly әjemizdi biz tek qana maqtan ete alamyz. Biraq, eshqashan jatqan jerine baryp tәu ete almaymyz. Eng ókinishtisi sol.

Qúrysh patsha dýniyege ne berdi? Onyng býkil әlemdi baghyndyryp, әdiletke, imangha úiyghan birtútas kosmopolittik imperiya-memleket jasaymyn, býkilәlemdik birkelki tәrtip ornatamyn degen jahandandyru әreketi, aqyrsonynda úshy-qiyry joq parsy-grek soghystaryn tudyrdy, keyinnen endi Makedondyq Aleksandr - Eskendir Zúlqarnayynnyng Shyghysqa qaray jasaghan keri jaugershiligine, adamzat tarihyndaghy әli kýnge deyin bitpey kele jatqan qan tógister tizbegine, adamzatqa, adamdyqqa qarsy jasalghan úlanghayyr qylmystargha úlasty.

Qúrmetti oqyrman, osy býgingi jer betinde bolyp jatqan shym-shytyryq shiyelenisti oqighalardyng barlyghynda da sol eki jarym myng jyl búryn jasaghan Qúrysh patshanyng sayasatynyng izi, úshyghy bar desem, ol mening asyryp aitqandyghym emes. Tizerlep túrghan qúl halyqty, nәsili qúl halyqty, әlemdi biyleytin әmirshi halyqqa ainaldyram degen naqúrys iydeya osylaysha eki jarym myng jyldyq adamzat tragediyasyna ainalghan eken.

(Jalghasy bar)

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