Úly Otan soghysy:
Qazaqstan tәuelsizdik alghannan keyin dýniyejýzine tanylghan memleket boldy. Úly Otan soghysy jyldary elderdi eriksiz kóshiru nauqanynan Qazaqstan kóp etnosty memleket bolyp, býgingi kýni ony mekendeytin últtardyng óz Otanyna ainaldy.
Totalitarlyq jýiede milliondaghan azamattardyng taghdyry tәlkek bolyp, zaman qasiretin arqalap, alghashynda jeke adamdar qudalansa, keyinnen búl sasyasat shekaralyq aimaqtaghy tútastay halyqtardy tughan jerinen aiyryp, basqa aimaqqa kýshpen jer audartty. Olardy qonystandyrghan jerding negizgi qataryna Qazaqstan kirdi. Qazaqstandyqtar Úly Otan soghysyna deyin de totalitarlyq jýiening naqty ortalyghy bolyp keldi. Sebebi qazaq halqynyng asharshylyq jyldary, újymdastyru kezeni, qughyn-sýrgin uaqytyndaghy demografiyalyq ózgeriske úshyratqan kenestik dәuirding tereng sayasatynyng bir kórinisin - Úly Otan soghysy jyldarynda basqa últ ókilderin kýshtep shoghyrlandyru arqyly taghy da jýzege asa týskenin bayqatady. Sonday-aq, keyinnen aqpan-nauryz plenumynyng sheshimimen aghylyp kelip jatqan halyqtardyng shoghyrlanuymen tolyqtyrdy.
Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys kezinde gitlerlik әsker men rejimge jәrdemdesti degen syltaumen Edil boyyndaghy nemister, Soltýstik Kavkaz, Qyrym jaghalauyn mekendeushi biraz halyqtar qudalanyp, tughan jerinen tys, Qazaqstan jerine ornalastyryldy.

Úly Otan soghysy:
Qazaqstan tәuelsizdik alghannan keyin dýniyejýzine tanylghan memleket boldy. Úly Otan soghysy jyldary elderdi eriksiz kóshiru nauqanynan Qazaqstan kóp etnosty memleket bolyp, býgingi kýni ony mekendeytin últtardyng óz Otanyna ainaldy.
Totalitarlyq jýiede milliondaghan azamattardyng taghdyry tәlkek bolyp, zaman qasiretin arqalap, alghashynda jeke adamdar qudalansa, keyinnen búl sasyasat shekaralyq aimaqtaghy tútastay halyqtardy tughan jerinen aiyryp, basqa aimaqqa kýshpen jer audartty. Olardy qonystandyrghan jerding negizgi qataryna Qazaqstan kirdi. Qazaqstandyqtar Úly Otan soghysyna deyin de totalitarlyq jýiening naqty ortalyghy bolyp keldi. Sebebi qazaq halqynyng asharshylyq jyldary, újymdastyru kezeni, qughyn-sýrgin uaqytyndaghy demografiyalyq ózgeriske úshyratqan kenestik dәuirding tereng sayasatynyng bir kórinisin - Úly Otan soghysy jyldarynda basqa últ ókilderin kýshtep shoghyrlandyru arqyly taghy da jýzege asa týskenin bayqatady. Sonday-aq, keyinnen aqpan-nauryz plenumynyng sheshimimen aghylyp kelip jatqan halyqtardyng shoghyrlanuymen tolyqtyrdy.
Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys kezinde gitlerlik әsker men rejimge jәrdemdesti degen syltaumen Edil boyyndaghy nemister, Soltýstik Kavkaz, Qyrym jaghalauyn mekendeushi biraz halyqtar qudalanyp, tughan jerinen tys, Qazaqstan jerine ornalastyryldy.
Eger osynday adamdar nemese jeke bir toptar bolghan jaghdayda tek solargha ghana zang jolymen shara qoldanudyng ornyna kenes ýkimeti tútastay halyqtar men etnikalyq toptardy jer audaruy, olardyng soghys jaghdayynda ózderi aimaqtaryna әserin tiygizgen auyr da kýrdeli sayasy mәsele bolghandyghy aqiqat.
Ornalasqan jerlerinde kóshirilgen­derding sayasy qúqyqtyq jaghdayynyng auyr bolghandyghy jergilikti halyqqqa da­ batty. Qonys audarylghandargha óz­de­rimen birge kótere alatynday ghana óz zat­tarymen azyq-týlik alyp jýrulerine rúqsat etildi. Sondyqtan soghys kezinde mate­rialdyq jәne azyq-týlik jergilikti halyq ózderinde tapshy bolsa da soghys qasiretine tótep bere otyryp, kelgen halyqtarmen kerek-jaraqtarymen bólise bildi. Osynday keshegi әkimshil-әmirshil kezenning jappay býkil halyqty kýshtep kóshiru sayasaty halyqtardyng jeke el retinde órkendeuine kóp keri әserin tiygizdi.
Kenes ókimetining kýshtep qonys audaru sayasatyna aldymen kәrister ilikti. Búl nauqannyng alghashqy kezeni 1935 jyly jýzege asty. Japon ókimeti soghys túsynda shekara manyndaghy kәristerge senimsizdikpen elding ishine qaray kóshirse, Kenes ýkimeti de japon armiyasyna jasyryn qyzmet atqarulary mýmkin degen kýdikpen kenestik kәristerdi jer audardy. Kәristerdi jer audaru nauqanynyng ekinshi kezeni, 1937 jyly jalghasty. Onda Qiyr Shyghysty mekendeytin kәristerding 98 454 adamy bar 20 789 otbasy kóshirildi. Osy jyldyng sonyna qaray Ázirbayjan, Armyan respublikalarynan shekaragha jaqyn ornalastyrylghan kýrd, armyan, parsy, týrik halyqtarynyng keybir ókilderi Qazaqstangha jer audarylsa, Qyrym tatarlarynyng kópshiligi Ózbekstangha kóshirilip әkelindi. Al, 1940 jyly respublikagha 102 mynday polyaktar ornalastyryldy.
1941 jyly Kenes - German soghysy kezinde halyqtardy jer audarudan Kenes ókimeti, totalitarlyq jýie erekshe «tәjiriybe» jinaqtady. Mәselen, Kenes Ýkimeti Prezidiumynyng 1941 jyly 28 tamyz qaulysynda Edil boyynda túryp jatqan nemisterdi qonys audarugha úighardy. Osy qaulydan keyin Leningrad aimaghynan 96000 myng adam nemister men finderdi jer audaru kózdelip, olardyng 15000 adamyn Qazaqstangha jiberuge úigharylghan. 1941 jyldyng 6 qyrkýieginen bastalghan kýshtep kóshiruge bes kýnning ishinde Mәskeu qalasynan jәne Mәskeu oblystarynan 8617 nemisti jәne Rostov oblystarynan 21400 nemisti Qazaqstannyng Qaraghandy oblysyna (4000 adam, Jambyl oblysyna (8000 adam), Qyzylorda oblysyna (8000 adam), Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblystaryna (10017 adam) jer audardy. Qauly shyqqan jyldyng 21 qyrkýieginde endi Krasnodar aimaghynan 34287, Ordjonikidze aimaghynan 95489, Tula oblysynan 3208, Kabardiyn-Balkar ASSR-inen 5327, Severo-Osetiya ASSR-inen 2929 adam nemisterdi jer audarghan. Ondaghy adamdardy Qazaq SSR-ine qabyldau jәne ornalastyru ýshin 15000000 som bólindi. Osy jyldyng 22 qyrkýieginde nemisterden Qazaqstan Respublikasyna Zaporoj oblysynan 63000 adam, Stalin oblysynan 41000 adam jәne Voroshilovgrad oblysynan 5487 adamdy jer audardy. Al osy jyldyng 8 qazanynda nemisterdi Gruziya Respublikasynan 23580 adam, Ázirbayjan Respublikasynan 22741 adam jәne Armyan Respublikasynan 212 adam kóshirilse, 22 qazanda Daghystan Respublikasynan nemisterden 4000 adam jәne Sheshen-Ingush ASSR-inen 574 adam nemisterdi sypyrta jer audardy.
Sebebi, Kenes Odaghy Jogharghy Kenesi Prezidiumynyng «Povoljiede túryp jatqan nemisterdi qonys audaru» turaly jarlyghynda: «búl aimaqta túryp jatqan nemisterding German ýkimetining tapsyrmasymen shpiondyq júmystar isteydi», - degen syltau taghyldy. Ol kezde búl júmys әli jýrgizilgen joq edi. Al olardy jazalau nauqany odan búryn bastalyp ta ketken bolatyn.
1941-1945 jyldary KSRO-da 1,4 mln.-day nemis últynyng azamattary túrghan. Keyinnen soghys bastalghannan keyin búl etnos jan-jaqqa kýshtep taratyldy jәne nemis avtonomiyasy joyyldy. Al, biraq nemis avtonomiyasyn joi jayly búl is-qaghazda eshnәrse aitylmaghan.
1941-1942 jyldary Qazaqstangha nemisterding 1 209 430 adamy qonys audaryldy.
Halyqty deportasiyalau kezinde múnday kesh jariyalanghan qaulymen kelisuge de bolmaydy, әrbirinen osynday «kinә» tauyp, olardy ózining búrynghy avtonomiyasy jerinen aiyryp, elimizding basqa ónirine qonys audaru, әriyne jónsizdik bolyp otyrghany sózsiz edi. Múnday qaulylardyng qataryna Jogharghy Kenesting 1943 jylghy 12 qazandaghy «Qarashay Avtonomiyalyq oblysyn joi jәne onyng territoriyasyn administrativtik qayta qúru» turaly jarlyghynda: nemis basqynshylarynyng Qarashay Respublikasyna basyp kirgen kezde kóptegen qarashaylyqtar opasyzdyq kórsetip, satqyndyq jasaghan. Kóptegen adamdardy nemisterge ústap bergen, nemis-fashisterining qúrghan úiymyna kirip, Kenes Ýkimetine qarsy soghysqan. Nemisterding Zakavkazie asuynan óter kezde, olargha jol kórsetip, tiyisti jerlerine deyin alyp barghan. Al nemis basqynshylary búl jerden quylghannan keyin, ýkimet qúryghynan qashyp jýrgen, banditterdi, gitler-fashisterining agentterin qudalau, ústau bastaldy», - dep atap kórsetilgen. Osyghan baylanysty búl últty qatang jazalau maqsatymen, 62 842 adam túrghyny bar Qarashay Avtonomiyalyq oblysyn joyyp jiberdi. Shynayy kózqaraspen qaraghan kezde búl qújat syn kótermeydi. Jarlyqta aitylghanday «kóptegen qarashaylyqtar» Kenes Odaghynyng basqa audandaryna qonys audarylady delingen. Sóitip olardyng qazaq jerine 36 309 adamy ilikti. Al qonys audarylghandardyng barlyghy qarashay últy edi.
Mine, osynday qaulylardyng qataryna 1943 jyly 27 jeltoqsandaghy «Qalmaq Avtonomiyasyn joi jәne RSFSR qúramynda Astrahani oblysyn qúru», 1944 jyly 7 nauryzdaghy «Sheshen-ingush Avtonomiyalyq Respublikasyn joi jәne onyng territoriyalyq әkimshilik qúrylymy», 1944 jyly 8 sәuirdegi «Kabardiyn-balqar Respublikasynda túratyn balqarlardy qonys audaru», «Kabardiyn-balqar Respublikasyn Kabardin Avtonomiyalyq Respublikasy dep qayta ózgertu» jәne basqalar jatty.
Mine, osynday oidan jasalghan zangha baylanysty kýshtep qonys audaru negizgi operasiyasy Úly Otan soghysy kezinde iske asyrylyp, býkil soghys kezeninde (1946 jylghy esep boyynsha) KSRO-da jalpy jer audarylghan 2 463 940 adam bolsa, (al basqa derekterde 2 826 419 adam), olardyng ishinde Qazaqstan Respublikasyna jer audarylghan halyqtardyng jalpy sany 1 mln. 200 myng adamgha jetken. Sonda keybir qújattarda kórsetilgendey, kýshtep kóshirilgen halyqtardyng teng jartysynan kóbi Qazaqstangha jóneltilip otyrghan.
Sóitip, ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys qarsanynda jәne soghys jyldarynda Qazaqstangha jer audarylghan korey, sheshen, ingush, týrik, balghar, Qyrym tatarlary jәne basqa halyqtar men etnikalyq toptar ókilderi soghys kezinde eriksiz kóshirilse, soghystan keyingi aqpan-nauryz plenumy boyynsha da kelgen halyqtar túraqtap, elimiz kóp últty memleketke ainaldy.
Býginderi Tәuelsiz Qazaqstanymyzda óz Otany retinde kóptegen etnostar tatu-tәtti ómir sýrude.

Qúralay Qojahanova
Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov atyndaghy
Tarih jәne etnologiya institutynyng qyzmetkeri

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