Endeshe, basqa da erlikteri kem týspeytin búrynghy Odaq halyqtarynyng kóniline qapy qaldyrmay, qazaq últynyng mysalynda 21 ghasyr adamdaryna Shyghys maydan turaly aqiqatty jetkizeyik.

Sonymen, soghys bastalghannan keyingi segizinshi kýni fashisterge Belarusiting astanasy Minsk qalasy berildi, 22-kýni Moldovanyng astanasy Kishiynev alyndy, al soghystyng 72-kýni Kiyev qúlady. 1941 jyldyng 30 qyrkýiegine qaray Kenes armiyasynyng jalpy sany 5,3 million adamdy qúrasa, onyng ishinde 3 800 000 orys, ukraiyn, belarusi nemisterding tútqynyna týsip, 1 millionnan astamy qaza tapty. 1941 jyldyng qazan aiynda Mәskeudi qorghaytyn eshkim de qalmaghan edi. Nemister búzyp kirgen Mәskeu radiosy bravurly fashistik marshtardy taratyp jatty, qalada haos, marodyorlyq beleng aldy, qaladan shyghysqa qaray shyghatyn joldar adamdargha, kólikter men jýk kólikterine lyq toldy, orys ofiyserleri de azamattyq kiyimge auysyp alyp qashyp jatty.

Dәl osy uaqytta Mәskeudi qorghau ýshin Qazaqstannan 312-shi Aqtóbe diviziyasy, 316-shy Almaty diviziyasy, 238-shi Semey diviziyasy kelip jetti. Qalany qorghau kezinde jeke qúramnyng shyghyny 80-95%-dy qúrady. General Afanasiy Beloborodov «Ratnyy podviyg» atty kitabynda: «Mәskeudi ýsh qazaqstandyq jәne bir sibirlik diviziya qútqardy» dep jazady. Búl turaly marshal G. Jukov ta óz estelikterinde («Vospominaniya y razmyshleniya») atap ótken edi. Qazaqstandaghy júmyldyru (mobilizasiya) dengeyi Germaniyadan da joghary boldy. 1943 jylgha qaray Qazaqstanda qolyna qaru ústaugha jaraytyn adamdar týgeldey әskerge alynyp, tylda tek negizinen әielder men balalardan túratyn 750 000 adamdyq enbek armiyasy ghana qaldy. Respublika maydangha jalpy sany 1,38 million adamnan túratyn 18 diviziya, 7 atqyshtar brigadasy jәne 50 polk attandyrdy. Búl rette nemis fashisterining jaghynda mynalar: SS-ting 29-shy «Rona» orys diviziyasy, SS-ting 30-shy orys jayau әsker diviziyasy, General Krasnovtyng SS kazak korpusy, General Vlasovtyng Orys azattyq armiyasy jәne jalpy sany 1,8 million adamdy qúraytyn taghy da basqa «azat etushiler» toby soghysty. Al 1942 jyly Harikovty qorghau kezinde 106-shy qazaq Aqmola diviziyasy tolyghymen qaza tapty, eshkim shegingen joq jәne eshkim tútqyngha týsken joq.

Qatygez Stalingrad shayqasy tolyghymen qazaq diviziyalarynyng arqasynda jeniske jetti: 27-shi, 38-shi, 72-shi, 73-shi gvardiyalyq diviziyalar, 292-shi, 387-shi atqyshtar diviziyalary, 81-shi atty әsker diviziyasy, 74-shi teniz atqyshtar brigadasy, 129-shy minomet polki, 15-shi jeke arnayy motoatqyshtar bataliony. Jeke qúramnyng shyghyny 60-tan 70%-gha deyin jetti. Búl shayqasta polkovnik Ghany Safiullin basqarghan 38-shi diviziya erekshe kózge týsip, 300 myndyq nemis toptaluyn qorshaugha alyp, olardy tize býktirdi. Qazaq últynyng Stalingrad shayqasyndaghy jeniske qosqan ýlesi arnayy Stalin tarapynan tyiym salynyp, búl taqyrypqa qatysty Resey Qorghanys ministrligi Ortalyq múraghatynyng (SAMO) qújattaryna qoljetimdilik әli kýnge deyin jabyq kýiinde qalyp otyr. Leningradty 48-shi, 310-shi, 314-shi jәne 372-shi qazaq atqyshtar diviziyalary qorghap qaldy. Qalany qorghau kezinde bólimshe komandiyri, agha serjant Súltan Baymaghambetov bashqúrt Aleksandr Matrosovtyng (Shәkiriyan Múhamediyanov) erligin qaytalap, DZOT-ty keudesimen japty. Baltyq flotynda 1570 qazaq matros bolyp soghysty, tek «Kirov» kreyserining ózinde 156 qazaq qyzmet etti. Qazaqtardyng erligi men tózimdiligine tәnti bolghan Baltyq flotynyng qolbasshysy admiral V. Tribus Qazaqstan halqyna ashyq hat joldady: «Qazaq halqynyng úldary sýiikti teniz astanamyz, danqty Leningrad qalasyn sharshamay-talmay qorghap, shabuylgha birinshi qatarda shyghady. Erjýrek úldardy ósirgen Qazaqstan analary, sizderge myng taghzym!» Kursk shayqasyna jalpy sany 96 768 adamnan túratyn tórt qazaq diviziyasy qatysty. 73-shi gvardiyalyq diviziya Vermahtyng eki tankilik jәne eki jayau әsker diviziyasyn joyy jiberdi, әri eshkim de keyin shegingen joq. Kursk shayqasynda barlyq soghys tarihyndaghy jalghyz әielder tankilik ekipajy – Qaraghandy qalasynan shyqqan tórt qazaq qyzy qaza tapty. Biraq kenestik, keyingi reseylik ýgit-nasihat búl turaly býgingi kýnge deyin ýnsiz qaluda. Sol siyaqty 1945 jyly 25 sәuirde barlau rotasynyng komandiyri Aytqaly Álibekov kenes әskerlerining arasynda birinshi bolyp Eliba boyynda amerikalyq odaqtastarmen kezdeskeni turaly da aitylmaydy, әlemdik agenttikter men tarih ýshin birinshi bolyp aqqúba slavyan G. Goloborodiko kórsetildi. 1945 jyly 29 sәuirde agha leytenant Qayyrbek Madenov kenes sarbazdarynyng arasynda birinshi bolyp Berlinning eng biyik ghimaraty – Ratusha kýmbezine qyzyl tudy tikti. Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna úsynu Kremli tarapynan qabyldanbady. 1945 jyly 30 sәuirde nemis Reyhstagynyng ýstine Jenis tuyn birinshi bolyp leytenant Rahymjan Qoshqarbaev tatar jigiti Grigoriy Bulatovpen birge kóterdi. Komandovanie jasaghan Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna úsynu tudyng standartty emes ekendigi syltauratylyp, Kremlimen keri qaytaryldy. Qazaq últy 112 Kenes Odaghynyng Batyryn berdi, al búl ataqqa berilgen 130-dan astam úsynys keri qaghyldy.

Barlyq orys shovinisterining nazaryna jetkizemin – eger Qazaqstan KSRO qúramynda bolmaghanda, Kenes Odaghy Germaniyadan 100% kepildikpen soghysta jenilis tabushy edi, sebebi: oq-dәridegi 10 patronnyng 8-i qazaqstandyq qorghasyn men jezden jasaldy, 10 litr solyarkanyng 8 litri qazaqstandyq ónim edi, barlyq әskery zauyttar qaraghandylyq kómirmen jylytyldy, 90% shiynelider men ton qaptamalary, 95% soldat ayaqkiyimi qazaqstandyq shiykizattan óndirildi. Sonda orys, ukraiyn, belarusi jәne KSRO-nyng basqa da halyqtarynyng tarihy mýlde basqa baghytpen keter edi.

Dayyndaghan - Ábil-Serik Áliakbar

Abai.kz