Qara teniz – ghasyrlar boyy Shyghys pen Batysty jalghaghan, halyqtar arasyndaghy sauda-sattyq pen ekonomikalyq baylanystyng kýretamyryna ainalghan aidyn.

Onyng jaghalauyndaghy memleketter ýshin teniz joldary tek jýk tasymaldaytyn baghyt qana dep oilamau kerek, últtyq ekonomikanyng tynys-tirshiligin qamtamasyz etetin manyzdy arna. Alayda songhy jyldary Resey men Ukraina arasyndaghy soghys Qara tenizding strategiyalyq manyzyn búrynghydan da arttyryp, ony halyqaralyq teketiresting kýrdeli aimaghyna ainaldyrdy. Búl shiyelenisting saldary eki memleketpen shektelmey, әlemning týkpir-týkpirindegi milliondaghan adamnyng kýndelikti dastarqanyna әser etude.

Ukraina men Resey әlemdik astyq naryghynda airyqsha oryn alady. Eki memleket te biday, jýgeri, arpa jәne kýnbaghys mayyn syrtqy naryqqa kóptep shygharatyn elderding qatarynda. Ásirese Soltýstik Afrika, Tayau Shyghys jәne Aziyanyng birqatar memleketteri Qara teniz arqyly jetkiziletin auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderine tәueldi.

2022 jyly Reseyding Ukrainagha keng kólemde basyp kiruinen keyin Qara tenizdegi qalyptasqan sauda jýiesi ýlken daghdarysqa úshyrady. Ukrainanyng Odessa, Chernomorsk jәne Yujnyy porttary arqyly jýzege asyrylatyn astyq eksporty kýrt qysqardy. Tenizdegi qauip-qater, port infraqúrylymynyng zaqymdanuy jәne kemelerdi saqtandyru qúnynyng ósui halyqaralyq tasymalgha aitarlyqtay kedergi keltirdi.

Nәtiyjesinde әlemdik naryqta astyq baghasy qymbattap, azyq-týlik importyna tәueldi memleketterding ekonomikalyq jaghdayy kýrdelene týsti. Ásirese tabysy tómen elder ýshin búl auyr synaq boldy. Óitkeni múnday memleketterde nan baghasynyng kóterilui halyqtyng túrmys dengeyine tikeley әser etedi.

2022 jyldyng shildesinde Týrkiya men Birikken Últtar Úiymynyng araghayyndyghymen Qara teniz astyq bastamasy qabyldandy. Búl kelisim Ukraina porttarynan astyq pen basqa da azyq-týlik ónimderin qauipsiz tasymaldaugha mýmkindik berdi.

Kelisim halyqaralyq qoghamdastyq ýshin manyzdy diplomatiyalyq jetistik sanaldy. Onyng ayasynda ondaghan million tonna auyl sharuashylyghy ónimi әlemdik naryqqa shygharyldy. Alayda 2023 jyldyng shildesinde Resey kelisimge qatysuyn toqtatty. Mәskeu óz auyl sharuashylyghy eksportyna qatysty kedergiler tolyq joyylmaghanyn algha tartty. Al Ukraina men Batys memleketteri búl sheshimdi halyqaralyq azyq-týlik qauipsizdigine tóngen qater retinde baghalady.

Kelisim toqtaghanymen, Ukraina keyin Qara tenizding batys aumaghy arqyly balama teniz dәlizin úiymdastyryp, eksporttyq tasymaldy birtindep qalpyna keltirdi. Degenmen soghys jaghdayynda múnday baghyttardyng túraqty әri qauipsiz júmys isteuine eshqanday tolyq kepildik joq.

Qara tenizdegi shiyelenisting eng auyr zardabyn soghysqa qatysy joq memleketterding halqy tartuda. Mysaly, Mysyr, Livan, Yemen jәne Afrikanyng birqatar elderi syrttan jetkiziletin astyqqa edәuir tәueldi.

Astyq baghasynyng ósui tek nannyng qymbattauymen shektelmeydi. Ol mal azyghynyn, et pen sýt ónimderinin, únnan jasalatyn taghamdardyng baghasyna da yqpal etedi. Búghan tasymal shyghyndary men energiya baghasynyng ózgerui qosylghanda, inflyasiyalyq qysym kýsheye týsedi.

Azyq-týlik tapshylyghy keybir memleketterde әleumettik narazylyqty órshitip, sayasy túraqsyzdyqqa әkelui yqtimal. Sondyqtan Qara tenizdegi qauipsizdik jaghdayy býginde әskery nemese aimaqtyq sipattaghy dau ghana qaramau kerek. Býkil adamzattyng әleumettik-ekonomikalyq bolashaghyna qatysty kýrdeli týiinge ainaldy.

Qara tenizdegi jaghday Qazaqstan ýshin de manyzdy. Elimiz әlemdik astyq eksporttaushysy bolghandyqtan, halyqaralyq naryqtaghy ózgerister otandyq auyl sharuashylyghy óndirushilerine tikeley әser etedi.

Bir jaghynan, әlemdik súranystyng artuy qazaqstandyq astyq eksportyn keneytuge mýmkindik beredi. Ekinshi jaghynan, kólik dәlizderindegi túraqsyzdyq, tranzittik shekteuler men logistikalyq shyghyndardyng ósui búl mýmkindikterdi tolyq paydalanugha kedergi keltiredi.

Sondyqtan Qazaqstan ýshin eksport baghyttaryn әrtaraptandyru strategiyalyq mindetke ainalugha tiyis. Ortalyq Aziya, Qytay, Kaspiy tenizi arqyly Kavkaz jәne odan әri halyqaralyq naryqtargha shyghatyn baghyttardy damytu elding kólik tәuelsizdigin nyghaytady.

Sonymen qatar astyqty tereng óndeu, saqtau infraqúrylymyn janghyrtu jәne otandyq óndirushilerding halyqaralyq naryqtargha tikeley shyghuyna jaghday jasau qajet.

Qara tenizdegi shiyelenis qazirgi әlemning ózara qanshalyqty tyghyz baylanysqanyn kórsetti. Bir aimaqtaghy әskery qaqtyghys myndaghan shaqyrym qashyqtyqtaghy halyqtyng azyq-týlik baghasyna, túrmysyna jәne әleumettik túraqtylyghyna әser ete alady.

Búl daghdarystan shyghudyng negizgi joly – halyqaralyq qúqyq qaghidalaryn saqtau, azamattyq keme qatynasynyng qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etu jәne diplomatiyalyq kelissózderdi jalghastyru. Astyq tasymaly sayasy qysym qúralyna ainalmauy kerek. Óitkeni azyq-týlik – memleketter arasyndaghy teketiresting emes, adamzattyng ortaq tirshiligining negizi.

Qara tenizdegi beybitshilik tek jaghalaudaghy memleketterge ghana qajet dep oilamayyq. Ol nanyn osy ónirden jetkiziletin astyqtan pisiretin milliondaghan otbasy ýshin de manyzdy.

Álemdik sayasattaghy mýddeler qanshalyqty qayshylyqty bolghanymen, adamzattyng ashtyqtan qorghalugha degen qúqyghy bәrinen joghary túrugha tiyis. Sebebi astyq tiyelgen әrbir kemening qauipsiz sapary – bir elding ekonomikalyq tabysy dep qana týsinbenizder, myndaghan shanyraqtyng berekesi men ertengi kýnge degen senimi.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek, 

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi

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