«Ekonomikalyq zertteuler instituty» AQ Ónirlik zertteuler ortalyghynyng diyrektory Qaysar Nyghmetov auyl әkimderin tikeley saylaudy qarastyratyn Qazaqstannyng saylau zannamasyna engiziletin ózgerister ónirlerding damuyna qalay әser etetinin aityp berdi.

Óz súhbatynda ol atalghan jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru reformasynyng ekonomikalyq tiyimdiligi jәne auyl әkimderin tikeley saylaudyng artyqshylyqtary turaly súraqtargha jauap berdi. Nyghmetov myrza auyldyq aumaqtar men audandyq manyzy bar qalalardyng basshylaryn tikeley saylaudyn, jergilikti ózin-ózi basqarudy damytudyng ong halyqaralyq tәjiriybesi turaly aityp berdi.

Aghymdaghy jyldyng mamyr aiynda Memleket basshysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaev «Qazaqstan Respublikasyndaghy saylau turaly» Zangha tolyqtyrular engizu turaly» Zangha qol qoydy.

Atalghan jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru reformasynyng ekonomikalyq tiyimdiligi birinshi kezekte birqatar salyqtar men tólemderden týsetin týsimderdi beru esebinen auyldyq okrugter dengeyinde ekonomikalyq bazany qamtamasyz etuge baylanysty bolady.

Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqarudyng kiris bazasyn odan әri keneytu ýshin 2022 jyldan bastap 2024 jylgha deyingi kezende 7 salyq pen tólemdi beru josparlanuda (birynghay jer salyghy, jer uchaskelerin paydalanghany ýshin tólem, jer uchaskelerin satudan týsetin týsimder, jer uchaskelerin jaldau qúqyghyn satqany ýshin tólem, su resurstaryn paydalanghany ýshin tólem, qyzmetting jekelegen týrlerimen ainalysu qúqyghy ýshin liysenziyalyq alym, qyzmetting jekelegen týrlerimen ainalysugha liysenziyalardy paydalanghany ýshin tólem).

Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru organdarynyng eldi mekenderding tirshiligin qamtamasyz etuding sapaly kórsetiletin qyzmetterimen qamtamasyz etu ýshin qarjy resurstarymen nyghaytylghan ókilettikteri men qúraldary bolady.

Auyldyq okrugterding salyq bazasynyng úlghangyn eskere otyryp, auyldyq okrugterding ózin-ózi qamtamasyz etui orta eseppen 50% - gha jetedi dep josparlanuda (qazir auyldyq okrugterding menshikti kiristeri olardyng jalpy kiristerining 13%-yn qúraydy).

Óz kiristerinen týsken qarajat tek qana auyldyq okrugti damytugha jәne jergilikti qoghamdastyq jiynymen kelisu boyynsha jergilikti manyzy bar mәselelerdi sheshuge baghyttalatyn bolady.

Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru budjetimen júmys isteuding erekshe tәrtibi engiziletin bolady, ol biznes-prosesterdi edәuir ontaylandyrugha¬, qol rejiyminde eseptilik úsynudy boldyrmaugha, budjettik baghdarlamalardy irilendiruge mýmkindik beredi, búl týptep kelgende uaqyt pen qarajatty ýnemdeuge mýmkindik beredi.

Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru organdarynyng jauapkershilik salasy óz aumaghyn damytu, qoghamdyq kenistikterdi abattandyru, jergilikti kólik, әleumettik jәne ózge de infraqúrylym, bazalyq qyzmetter kórsetu mәselelerin qamtidy.

Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru reformasy eng aldymen jergilikti biylik qyzmetining halyqqa ashyqtyghy men eseptiligin qamtamasyz etetin jýieni qúrugha baghyttalghan.

Ákimderding tikeley saylauyn engizu әkimderdi tikeley halyq saylauyna mýmkindik beredi. Óz kezeginde saylanghan әkim jýrgizilip jatqan júmys ýshin halyqqa esep beretin bolady.

Ákimderding tikeley saylauyn engizu azamattyq qoghamgha, jergilikti dengeyde demokratiyany ilgeriletuge serpin beruge tiyis. Adamdar ózderining ózekti mәselelerin sheshuge tikeley qatysady.

Damyghan jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru azamattardyng ózderi, olardyng pikirinshe, ómir sýru dengeyin jogharylatatyn sheshimderdi tandaydy degendi bildiredi.
Auyldyq okrugterde jergilikti qoghamdastyqtyng júmys¬istep túrghan

jinalysyn qayta qúru jolymen ókildi organnyng funksiyalary bar jergilikti ózin – ózi basqaru organy-kenes qúrylady. Ol budjet jәne jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru qarajaty esebinen jýrgiziletin júmystardyng aqshalay qarajatyn paydalanudyng tiyimdiligine monitoring jýrgizedi, әkimning auyldyq okrug әkimshiligining qyzmeti turaly esebin tyndaydy.

Búdan basqa, tekseru komissiyalary qarajatty paydalanu tiyimdiligine josparly jәne jospardan tys (ótinish negizinde) tekseruler jýrgizetin bolady.

 Halyqaralyq tәjiriybe

2018 jyly biz «Jergilikti ózin-ózi basqarudyng tiyimdiligin arttyru esebinen ónirlerding institusionaldyq ortasyn jaqsartu» taldamalyq zertteu jýrgizdik, ol Qazaqstan Respublikasynda 2030 jylgha deyin jergilikti ózin-ózi basqarudy damytu tújyrymdamasynyng jobasyn әzirleuding negizi boldy.
Osy zertteu ayasynda sheteldik tәjiriybe taldandy, sonday-aq jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru mәseleleri boyynsha zannamany jetildiru jóninde úsynystar әzirlendi.

Býkil әlemde jergilikti ózin-ózi basqaru qalalyq jәne auyldyq eldi mekender túrghyndarynyng jergilikti manyzy bar isterdi basqarugha jәne ómirlik manyzdy mәselelerdi tikeley sheshuge mýddeli qatysuyn qamtamasyz etetin eng pәrmendi tetikterding biri bolyp tabylady.

Qazaqstan ýshin búl túrghyda Ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyq jәne damu úiymyna (EYDÚ) mýshe bolyp tabylatyn¬, jergilikti basqaru men jalpy ónirlik damudy damytuda tabystargha qol jetkizgen elderding tәjiriybesi manyzdy jәne qyzyqty bolyp tabylady.

Mysaly, Polisha jergilikti ózin-ózi basqarudy qalpyna keltiruge baghyttalghan tereng reformalardy jýzege asyruda tabysqa jetti. Ortalyqsyzdandyru qoghamdyq ómirding әrtýrli salalarynda negizgi ong nәtiyjelerge qol jetkizuge әkeldi.

Búl elde¬últtan tys ýkimetting ýsh dengeyli jýiesi әreket etedi. Birinshi dengey-gminder, ekinshi dengey-povyattar, ýshinshi dengey-voevodstvolar.
Gminanyng atqarushy organy basqarma bolyp tabylady. Gminalardy burgomistr (iri eldi mekenning әkimi) nemese voyt (auyldyq okrugting әkimi) basqarady.

1991 jyldan bastap burgomisterlerdi saylaudy gmina kenesining deputattary jýzege asyrdy; tek 2002 jyldan bastap burgomisterdi túrghyndar 4 jyl ókilettik merzimimen tikeley dauys beru arqyly saylay bastady.

Polyak munisipaliytetteri funksiyalardyng 4 negizgi tobyn oryndaydy: kenistikti basqaru, bastauysh jәne ishinara orta bilim, әleumettik qorghau, kommunaldyq qyzmetter jәne infraqúrylym.

Fransiyanyng memlekettik biylikti ortalyqsyzdandyrudyng jәne jergilikti ózin – ózi basqarudy damytu ýshin jaghday jasaudyng bay tәjiriybesi bar, onyng qúramyna jogharghy dengeydegi ónirler, aralyq dengeydegi departamentter jәne tómengi dengeydegi munisipaliytetter (okrugter men kommunalar) kiredi.

Mer men onyng orynbasarlary kommunaldyq dengeydegi munisipaldy kenesterding atqarushy organyn qúraydy jәne ony munisipaldy kenes tek óz mýshelerining arasynan kópshilik jýiede jasyryn¬dauys beru arqyly saylaydy.

Mer munisipaldy qyzmetterdi basqaru, basqarushy qyzmetkerlerdi taghayyndau, qúrylysqa rúqsat beru, azamattyq hal aktilerin tirkeu, azamattardyng jalpy qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etu, bastauysh mektepterding júmysyn baqylau jәne t.b. siyaqty ókilettikterge iye.

Munisipaliytetterde¬alty jyldyq merzimge tikeley jalpygha birdey dauys beru arqyly halyq saylaytyn jeke kenes beru kenesi bar. Munisipaliytetting kez-kelgen salyq tóleushisi munisipaldy kenesting deputaty bola alady.

Jalpy, 2021 jyldan bastap 2025 jylgha deyin elimizde saylau audandyq manyzy bar qalalardyn, auyldyq okrugterdin, auyldyq okrugting qúramyna kirmeytin kentter men auyldardyng 2 345 әkimderine qatysty bolady. Biyl 704 әkimning ókilettigi ayaqtalady. Aghymdaghy jyldyng tamyz aiynan jeltoqsan aiyna deyin adamdar auyl әkimderin tikeley saylau qúqyghyn iske asyra alady. Keyingi jyldary ókilettik merzimining ayaqtaluyna qaray dengeyi reformada kórsetilgen qalghan әkimder de halyqtyng tikeley dauys beruimen saylanatyn bolady.

Nyghmetov Qaysar Qayyrkenúly

"Ekonomikalyq zertteuler instituty” AQ
Ónirlik zertteuler ortalyghynyng diyrektory

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