Seysenbi, 26 Qarasha 2024
Janalyqtar 3729 0 pikir 9 Tamyz, 2012 saghat 07:59

Júmamúrat Shәmshi. Qara qytay qaptasa...

 

Juyrda Qytaydyng internet sayttarynda aldaghy 20 jylda Qazaqstanda 20 million hanzu mekendeytin bolady degen qorqynyshty mәlimet jariyalandy.

B. d.d. III-II-ghasyrda 100 million hanzu júrtyna qorghan saldyrghan 1million ghún babalarymyzdyng danqty ruhymen qazirgi tanda 1 milliard 365 million alapat su tasqynday qara qytaygha qarsy túruymyz mýmkin emes.

Shartarapqa at shaptyrghan týrki balasy  qaghanatqa bólip, qonys tepken Ortalyq Aziya HI-ghasyrdyng ayaghynda keregesi sógilip, tu-talaqay bóliske týsti. Sodan son-aq, Ortalyq Aziyany soltýstikten kelgen Resey әi-shәigha qaramay, qyryp-joyyp, tútastay ózine qaratyp aldy. Ontýstikte Ýndistandy jaulaghan aghylshyndardy Termez qalasyna jetkenshe toqtatatyn tegeurindi kýsh bolmady. Parsy júrtyna aghylshyndardyng tisi batpady, degenin istete almady.

 

Juyrda Qytaydyng internet sayttarynda aldaghy 20 jylda Qazaqstanda 20 million hanzu mekendeytin bolady degen qorqynyshty mәlimet jariyalandy.

B. d.d. III-II-ghasyrda 100 million hanzu júrtyna qorghan saldyrghan 1million ghún babalarymyzdyng danqty ruhymen qazirgi tanda 1 milliard 365 million alapat su tasqynday qara qytaygha qarsy túruymyz mýmkin emes.

Shartarapqa at shaptyrghan týrki balasy  qaghanatqa bólip, qonys tepken Ortalyq Aziya HI-ghasyrdyng ayaghynda keregesi sógilip, tu-talaqay bóliske týsti. Sodan son-aq, Ortalyq Aziyany soltýstikten kelgen Resey әi-shәigha qaramay, qyryp-joyyp, tútastay ózine qaratyp aldy. Ontýstikte Ýndistandy jaulaghan aghylshyndardy Termez qalasyna jetkenshe toqtatatyn tegeurindi kýsh bolmady. Parsy júrtyna aghylshyndardyng tisi batpady, degenin istete almady.

Jartylay otargha ainalghan Qytay da qúr jatpady, Peterburg kelisimi boyynsha, Shyghys Týrkistandy qarpyp qaldy. Oghan Shynjannyng Ile, Altay taulary jatady. 751 jyly әigili Atlah shayqasynda týrki-arab birikken kýshinen kýirey jenilgen qara qytaydyn, birneshe jýzdegen jyldar boyy Ortalyq Aziyagha qaray betteuge jýregi daualamap edi. Qytaygha 5650 shaqyrym qorghan saldyrghan kýsh - babalardyng qajymas batyrlyghynyng aighaghy. Tarihta talay tar jol tayghaq keshken týrkining úrpaghy qazaqtar shókelep jyghylsa da, tirsegi qiylmaghan. Ensesin tiktegen býgingi Qazaq jeri Atyrau men Altaydyng arasy, bayaghy ýlken Týrik qaghanatynyng bir bóligi - at sauyrynan qan keshken babalar amanaty. Sondyqtan jan-jaqtan qaumalaghan AQSh, Resey men Qytaydan sheginerge jol joq. 1980-90 jyldary әleumettik auyrtpalyqtardy bastan ótkizgen Qytay endi geostrategiyalyq damu jolyn tandap aldy.

Áueli shekarasyn kenitip, etek-jenin japty. Aghylshyndardan 100 jylgha jalgha bergen Gonkongty qaytaryp aldy, 1998 jyly Alyndy qosyp aldy. Dauly territoriyalar mәselesi boyynsha, Resey 1992 jyly Amur men Ussury aimaghyndaghy 600-ge juyq kishigirim araldy jәne 10 sharshy shaqyrym jerdi Qytaygha beru turaly kelisim shartqa qol qoydy. 1995 jyly Grimfilidegi shekarany anyqtauda Resey 1,5 gektar jerinen aiyrylyp qaldy. Tek bayaghy gomindanshylardyng aqsýiek úrpaghy qonys tepken Tayvani araly ghana boy bermey qoydy. Biraq, bolashaqta ony bәribir  Qytay jútyp jiberui kýmәnsiz.

Úiqysynan oyanghan aidahardyng arany ýlken. Kórshilerine endi búrynghyday ysyldap emes, ysqyryp jaqynday týspek. 2002 jyly Shanhayda basylyp shyqqan 8-synyp oqulyghy boyynsha, Qazaqstannyng 510 myng sharshy shaqyrym aumaghyn Qytaydyng jeri  dep oqytudyng ar jaghynda neni menzeytini kórinip túr. Diny ekstrimizm, lankestik jәne últshyldyqtyng óristeu qaupin algha tartqan Qytay 1996 jyly «Shanhay bestigin» qúru jóninde úsynys jasady. 2001 jyly mausym aiynda Shanhay Yntymastyq úiymy qúryldy. Úiymnyng basty maqsaty - ózara senim, dostyq, beybitshilik, tatu kórshilik qatynastardy qoldau, aimaqtardaghy qauipsizdikti saqtau bolyp tabylady. ShYÚ arqyly Qytay ózining birtútastyghyn, Tayvani onyng qúramy ekenin tolyq moyyndatty. Qytaydyng AQSh pen Reseyden aiyrmashylyghy - enbek migrasiyasy, sauda-sattyq, jyljymaytyn mýlik, meyramhana ekspansiyasy arqyly kez kelgen elding naryghyn jaulap alady jәne tize býktiruge shamasy jetedi.

Qytay kapitaly kishkentay Qyrghyzstanda 500-den asa jobany qarjylandyryp otyr. 2010 jyly elimiz 81 mln tonna múnay óndirdi. Qazaqstandaghy «Aqtóbemúnaygaz», «Petro-Qazaqstan» múnay kompaniyalarynyng aksiya paketteri Qytay últtyq múnay kompaniyasynyng uysynda ekenin eskersek, geosayasy oiynda útylyp qalmaugha úmtylghan jón. Óitkeni, Qazaqstan neghúrlym mol múnay óndirgen sayyn Qytaydyng qoregi de soghúrlym qyza bermek jәne barmaq tistep qaluymyz әbden mýmkin. Basqany bylay qoyghanda, qazirding ózinde AQSh pen Europanyng naryghyn Qytaydyng arzan tauarlary jaulap aldy.

Álemning 500-den astam transúlttyq kompaniyasy Qytayda júmys isteydi. Sondyqtan, jahandanudyng AQSh, Europa sekildi kóshbasshylary qytaylanudan qaralay qorqady. Jahandanu ýrdisi әdeyi qytaylanugha qarsy baghyttalyp otyrghan synayly. Álemning 174 elinde 60-100 million aralyghynda Qytaydyng huasyaosy órip jýr. «Huasyao» degenimiz-Júngho mýddesine adal qyzmet etetin, arnayy joghary oqu oryndarynda dayyndalghan, elining syr-qúpiyasyn ólip bara jatsa da tis jarmaytyn otanshyl qytay kәsipkeri. Álgi huasyaolar júmys istegen elinde ýilenip, sol elding azamattyghyn alyp tastay batyp, suday sinuge tyrysady. Barghan elinde ótirikten bilmegensiydi, negizinde olar sol el turaly býge-shýgesine deyin óte jaqsy biledi.

Odan song iri qalalar manyna qytay kvartaldary bar. Sanaq boyynsha, AQSh-ta 30 mln, Kanada-da 3mln, Europa-da 30 mln, Avstraliya-da 2mln-nan asyp jyghylatyn túrghyny bar qytaylardyng kvartaldary bar. Niu-Yorkting ortasynan Chaynataun túrghyzghan Qytaygha AQSh qarsylyq bildirip «tәit» dey almady, óitkeni aqshasy tólengen. Auzyn aigha bilegen Qytay jalpy ishki ónim kólemi jaghynan 2010 jyly Úlybritaniyany, 2020 jyly Japoniyany quyp jetip, AQSh-pen ýzengi qaghystyrmaq. Áskery quaty jaghynan orys kórshisin basyp ozdy, AQSh pen Fransiyadan keyingi ýshinshi orynda. Onyng ekonomikalyq-qarjylyq quatyna kelsek, ol bir «jyr men júmbaq». «Jyr» bolatyny-ol qarjylyq-valutalyq qory jóninen AQSh pen Japoniyany ókshelep keledi. Esti de epti qytaylar AQSh sekildi ashyq basqynshylyqqa barmaydy. Tek ekonomikalyq-qarjylyq jaghynan «jaulap alyp» dinkeletedi.

Kompartiyada 70 millionnan astam mýshesi bar ortalyqtanghan Qytaydyng ekonomikany basqarudyng josparly ortalyqtyq  jәne naryqtyq jýiesi qatar damyp keledi. Ejelden qúrt-qúmyrsqa, baqa-shayandy, jylan men qústy qorek etken hanzuymyz Sibirding qaqaghan 60 S - suyghyn, Saharanyng aptap 60 S - ystyghyna da tez beyimdelgish, ózgening assimilyasiyasyna týspeytin jany siri halyq. Qayda barsa da, ósip-ónip, sany kóbeyip shygha keledi.

Reseyding Primorskiy kraydan sonau taygasyna deyingi orystyng kәri-jasymen otasyp ýlgergen qytaydyng qarasy 800-myngha jetipti-mys. Resmy derekter 30-myn, beyresmy mәlimetter 300 mynnan astam Qytay azamatynyng Qazaqstanda óz sharuasyn dóngeletip jýrgenin algha tartady. Qytay óz ekonomikasyn barynsha damytugha bet aldy, eger halyqtyng súranysyn qanaghattandyra almaytyn bolsa, elde býlikshilik bastalyp, ózderi biylikten aiyrylyp qaluy mýmkin ekenin Qytaydaghy әkim-qaralar óte jaqsy týsinedi. Biraq, Qytaydy qinaytyny ekonomikany damytu ýshin qajet tabighy shiykizat kózderining jetkiliksizdigi. Qazirding ózinde Qytaydyng iri qalalarynyng ýshten ekisi su tapshylyghyn kórip otyr. Ýlken qalalardyng manayy taqyr dalalargha ainaluda. Eger búghan Qytaydyng auyzsumen birshama qamtamasyz etip otyrghan Gimalay múzdaqtarynyng songhy kezderi kýrt ery bastaghanyn qossaq, jaqyn arada Qytay taza sudan kóp qiyndyq kóretin bolady. Múnyng sony elde ekonomikalyq apatqa әkelip soqtyratyny yqtimal. Sondyqtan da Qytaydyng janary dәl qazir әlemning qay-qay búryshyna da jiti tiguli. Qanday bolsyn, tabighy resurstardyng sheti shyqsa tarpa bas salugha dayyn otyr.

Sonday-aq, tayauda Qytaydyng tek túshy sugha emes, múnaygha da súranysy kýrt óse týspek. Óitkeni, eldegi shaghyn elektr stansalaryn qamtamasyz etip otyrghan tómen sapaly jergilikti kómir kenderining ózi de tausylugha tayau. Múnday sәtte Qytay sekildi súranysy shash etekten alyp imperiyanyng «tәbetin» qanaghattandyru óte qiyngha týspek. Ras, dәl býginde әlem elderi múnaydan tapshylyq kóre qoymaydy. Alayda onyng baghasy búrynghyday tiyngha baghalana qoymaytyny da shyndyq. Osyny eskere otyryp, múnaydyng qalghanyn molynan qarpyp qalu, mýmkindigi bolsa, qor jinau qay-qay memleketting ýirenshikti daghdysyna ainalmaq.

Álemdi sharpyghan daghdarys Qazaqstan-Qytay qúbyrynyng qúrylysynyng toqtauyna bóget bola alghan joq. 988 shaqyrymgha sozylatyn, ótkirgish mýmkindigi 10 million tonnagha deyin jetken «Atasu-Alashanqay» bóligi paydagha berilse, ýsh jyldan beri Kenqiyaq-Qúmkól bóligin paydalanyp jatyr. Qúbyrdyng quaty 20 tonnagha jetedi. Búl qúbyrmen ainalatyn shiykizatty da Batys Qazaqstandaghy Qytay kompaniyalary óndiredi. Demek, Qytay Qazaqstannyng býkil jer asty baylyghyn soryp alatyn mýmkindikke iye. Ári Beyjing Qazaqstannyng bay uran kenishterine de mýddelilik tanytyp otyrghandyghy bayqalady. Qytay AES salu jóninde memlekettik baghdarlama qabyldaghan. IYirkól jәne Semizbay kenishterinen jylyna 1250 tonna uran óndirip jatyr.

Qytaydaghy qazaqtardyng qonystanghan jerleri-Tәnir tauynyng (Tyani-Shani) soltýstigindegi Erenqabyrgha, Altay, Tarbaghataygha taulary, Ile óniri sekildi asa kórkem jerler. Onda Ile, Ertis, ózenderi Qanas, Ýlingir, Sayram kólderi bar. Jalpy Qazaq jeri asqar taularmen, asau ózenderden qúralghan kóz sýrindiretin kórkem aimaq qytaylargha kezinde berip jibergenine ishten zyghyrdanyng qaynaydy.

Tez arada Qytayda qalghan 2 milliongha juyq qandastarymyzdyng songhy kóshin Qazaqstangha kóshiru kerek. Áytpese, aidahardyng arany endi bes-on jylda songhy túyaq qaldyrmayyn dep túr. Qytay óz ishinde de, syrtta da gegemondyq sayasat ústanugha bayaghydan-aq bet búrghan. Qytaydaghy qazaq mektepteri 2005 jyldan bastap, týgeldey qytay mektepterine ainalyp, qazaq tili pәni retinde ghana jýretin bolghan. Songhy uaqytta mektepten bastap qytaymen aralasyp ósken qazaqtyng qyzdary óskende әr qytaydyng eteginde noqtaly botaday ere jóneletin aurugha úshyrapty. Osylay,  endi 5-10 jylda qazaqtar týgelimen qytaylanyp ketui әbden mýmkin. Búryn Qytaydaghy qazaqtardyng taghdyryna memlekettik dengeyde bolysyp túrudyng mýmkindigi bar edi. Alayda tiyisti basshylarymyz kezinde Qytay tarapynan qiytúrqylyqpen úsynylghan qújatqa qol qoyyp jibergen. Sol qújat boyynsha, qytay memleketi óz qaramaghyndaghy qazaq últynyng ókilderin «pisirip jeymin» dese de, olardyng ishki sayasatyna Qazaqstan aralasa almaydy. Al, Qytaydyng ystyq qúshaghy shaqyryp túrghangha úqsaydy. Sondyqtan da kýn ozghan sayyn qytay azamattarynyng elimizge enu sany úlghayyp keledi. El bolyp saqtanbasaq, erteng hanzudyng qúrbany bolyp kete baruymyz ghajap emes. Alty basty ajdahanyng óneshinen ótsen, asqazannan bir-aq shygharsyn, myng ólip, myng tirilgen qazaq sodan keyin qayta tirilui neghaybyl.

«Abay-aqparat»

 

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