Ýsh tildi qatar oqytu kimning iydeyasy? Ony kimder qoldaghan?
Qazaqstanda bilim baghdarlamasyna taghy ózgerister engizilui mýmkin. Búl birinshi synypta ýsh tildi, qazaq, orys jәne aghylshyn tilin qatar oqytugha baylanysty. Osylay dep bilim jәne ghylym ministri Ashat Aymaghambetov aytty.
Ol birneshe tildi bilu artyqshylyq ekenin, biraq bastauysh synyptargha kelgende, zertteuler jýrgizgennen keyin, birinshi synyp oqushysy ýshin birden 3 tildi mengeru qiyngha soghatynyna kóz jetkizgenin aitady.
Ministr Aymaghambetovting mәlimdemesi
«Mәsele didaktika men fiziologiyada. Biz búl mәsele boyynsha sheshim qabyldadyq jәne birinshi synypta qazaq tilinde oqytatyn mektepterde bala bir ghana tildi – qazaq tilin mengerui, yaghny aldymen óz ana tilinde oqu men jazudy mengerui ýshin júmys istep jatyrmyz. Ekinshi synypta baghdarlamagha orys tili, ýshinshi synypta aghylshyn tili qosylady. Orys tilinde oqytatyn mektepterge kelsek, 1-shi synypta orys jәne memlekettik tilder, 3-shi synyptan bastap aghylshyn tili bolady. Ádistemelik túrghydan alghanda búl oryndy, múnday zertteuler men úsynystar jasalyp qoyghan. Sondyqtan biz ony jýzege asyrudy josparlap otyrmyz», - dedi ministr.
Ýsh tildi birinshi synyptan bastap oqytu baghdarlamasy 2016 jyly engizilgen bolatyn. Sol kezde baghdarlama qazaq qoghamynyng qarsylyghyna úshyrady.
«Áueli bala ana tilin jetik mengerip aluy kerek», «Mektep tabaldyryghyn janadan attaghan býldirshin ýsh tildi qatar oqysa, óz tiline shorqaq bolady», «Sauatyn ana tilinde ashsyn, sodan keyin shet tilderi oqytylsyn» degen pikirler aityldy. Osy pikirlerding tobyqtay týiinin qazaq til bilimi men әdebiyettanu ghylymdarynyng negizin salushy Ahmet Baytúrsynovtyng aitqanymen bersek: «Oryssha oqyghandar orys sózining jýiesine daghdylanyp ýirengen, noghaysha oqyghandar noghay sózining jýiesine daghdylanyp ýirengen. Qazaq sózderin alyp, orys ya noghay jýiesimen tizse, әriyne ol naghyz qazaqsha bolyp shyqpaydy. Sonday kemshilik bolmas ýshin әr júrt balasyn әuelinde óz tilinde oqytyp, óz tilinde jazu-syzu ýiretip, óz tilining jýiesin bildirip, jolyn tanytyp, balalar әbden daghdylanghannan keyin basqasha oqyta bastaydy. Biz de tilimiz búzylmay saqtaluyn tilesek, ózgelershe әueli ana tilimizben oqytyp, sonan song basqasha oqytugha tiyispiz», - dep jazyp ketken ghalym.
Ýsh tildilik iydeyasynyng avtory - Núrsúltan Nazarbaev
Jalpy ýsh tildilik iydeyasy turaly alghash ret búrynghy preziydent Núrsúltan Nazarbaev 2006 jylghy qazan aiynda ótken Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasynda HII qúryltayynda aitqan bolatyn.
Eks-preziydent 2007 jylghy halyqqa joldauynda «Tilderding ýshtúghyrlylyghy» atty mәdeny jobany kezen-kezenmen iske asyrudy úsyndy.
Keri ketken statistika
«Qazirgi zamanghy qazaqstandyq ýshin ýsh tildi bilu – әrkimning derbes tabystylyghynyng mindetti sharty. Sondyqtan 2020 jylgha qaray aghylshyn tilin biletin túrghyndar sany keminde 20 payyzdy qúrauy tiyis», - dedi Nazarbaev.
2020 jyly әlemning týrli elderindegi aghylshyn tilin mengeru dengeyin anyqtaytyn English Proficiency Index zertteuining nәtiyjeleri jariyalandy. Qazaqstan әlemdegi 100 elding ishinde 92 oryngha ie bolyp, aghylshyn tilin eng tómen dengeyde biletin elderding qatarynda túrdy. Al, 2021 jyly 112 elding ishinen 96 oryngha bir-aq týsti.
Ýshtildilikke qarsy shyqqan deputat - Aldan Smayyl
Nazarbaevtyng joldauynan keyin elde ýshtúghyrly til sayasatyn iske asyru sharalary bastalyp ketti. Aqyrynda búl birinshi synyptan bastap qazaq, orys, aghylshyn tilderin qatar oqytugha alyp keldi. Ýsh tildilik baghdarlamasy dayyndalyp jatqanda, sol kezdegi Mәjilis deputaty Aldan Smayyl búl jobagha qarsy shyqty.
«Aghylshyn tili 3-shi synyptan bastap engizilui tiyis. Eger alty jasar bala birinshi synypta ýsh tildi ýirense, onda til, ruh jәne adamgershilik jaghynan biz odan ruhany mýgedek jasap shygharamyz. Álemning eshbir elinde 1-shi synypta nemese 2-shi synypta shetel tilin oqytpaydy. Japoniyada shet tilin oqudy 6-shy synyptan bastaydy. Olar dúrys istemeydi dep qalay aita alamyz? Ýsh til degendi qaydan aldynyzdar? 6 jasar bala ýsh tildi mengere alady degen qorytyndy jasap bergen adam bar ma?.. 1-shi synyptan bastap, qazaq tili әdebiyetpen biriktirilip bes saghat oqytylady, jogharghy synyptarda qazaq tiline saghattar az bólingen. 5-shi synypta orys jәne aghylshyn tiline qaraghanda, qazaq tili men әdebiyeti jeti saghatqa az oqytylady. Qazaq tilin orys tili men aghylshyn tilinen az oqytu turaly tapsyrmany kim berdi? Bastauysh synyptan song bala qazaq tilin bilip shygha ma, aghylshyndy ma?», - degen edi Aldan Smayyl.
Ýshtildilikke qarsy shyqqan deputat - Múrat Baqtiyarúly
Ótken aptada ghana Senat deputaty Múrat Baqtiyarúly ýsh tildilik baghdarlamasyn syngha aldy.
«Áriyne, jastardyng aghylshyn tilin bilui – uaqyt talaby. Biraq oilau, sanany damytu jýiesi әli tolyq qalyptaspaghan birinshi synyptaghy, balabaqshadaghy qazaq býldirshinderine birden ýsh tildi oqytudyng qajeti qansha? Qazaqstannan basqa әlemning eshbir memleketinde ýsh til birdey oqytylmaydy. Shet tilin bilu sauattylyqtyng negizgi kórsetkishi emes, әlemdik ghylymdy iygeruge qajetti qúral ghana. Al shynayy sauattylyq - búl ómirdi bilu, tandaghan mamandyqty tereng mengeru jәne ómirlik súranystargha jauap bere alatyn daghdylar men qabiletterdi qalyptastyru. Sondyqtan el preziydenti Toqaev shet tilin oqytudy ata-analardyng qalauy boyynsha 5-shi synyptan bastaghan dúrys jәne tiyimdi» ,- degen pikir bildirdi.
Senator búrynnan ýsh tilde oqytu jobasyn zerttep jýr. Ol әlemdegi eng damyghan 30 elding bastauysh synyptarynda qansha til oqylatynyn anyqtap, eki til 1-shi synyptan 4 elde, 2-shi synyptan 5 elde, 4-shi synyptan 12 elde oqytylatynyn aitqan edi.
«Bizding balalarymyz bitpeytin reformalardyng tәjiriybe alanyna ainaldy. Songhy 30 jylda Qazaqstannyng bilim beru jýiesi 10 millionnan astam adamdy qamtydy. Biz óskeleng úrpaqtyng ózine senimsiz bolyp óskeni ýshin de jauaptymyz. Jastar túlgha retinde, maman retinde qalyptasa almasa, jauapkershilik bizding moynymyzda», - dedi deputat.
2016 jyl. «Forbes.kz» sayty. «Ýsh túghyrly til» degen halyqqa ziyandy sol kezdegi ministr Erlan Saghadiyevting baghdarlamasyn qoldaghan biznesmenderding tizimin jariyalaghan. Dәlirek aitsaq, eldegi bir top tereng qaltaly kәsipkerler mektepterde 1-shi synyptan bastap ýsh tilde oqytu turaly bastamany qoldaytyndaryn aityp, arnayy mәlimdeme jasaghan. Ýsh tildilikti qoldaghan kәsipkerler myna kisiler:
Aydyn Raqymbaev,
Aygýl Jaylaubekova,
Andrey Lavrentiev,
Anatoliy Pobiyaho,
Armanjan Baytasov,
Bauyrjan Jamalov,
Berik Qaniyev,
Ghalymjan Esenov,
Gauhar Qaparova,
Dәuren Jaqsybek,
Eldar Ábdirazaq,
Erlan Qojasbay,
Islambek Saljanov,
Kenes Raqyshev,
Mehmet Kemal Shetiyneliy,
Mahmúd Shadiyev,
Marat Shotbaev,
Sidik Han,
Talghat Aqsambaev,
Túrsyn Alagózov.
Memlekettik til men orys tili qatar oqytylatyn, kez-kelgen qyzmetke kirer kezde memlekettik tildi ghana bilu jetkiliksiz sanalatyn elde ýshinshi shet tilin biludi 6 jasar balagha mindetteu auyr ekenin ministrlik úghynyp otyr. Endigi kezekte iske kirisu ghana qaldy.
Ayjan Temirhan
Abai.kz