Transshekaralyq ózenderge qatysty Konvensiyagha qol qoyyp kirgen QHR Ertis pen Ile ózenin keneusiz paydalanyp jatyr. Sonyng saldarynan Balqashtyng «balyghyn tayday tulatyp, baqasyn qoyday shulatatyn» Ilening suy azayyp, úly múhiytqa baryp qúyatyn Ertisting de ekpini tejelip barady. Ekolog-mamandar Qytay osy beti eki ózenning suyn ózbetinshe paydalana berse, Jetisu jeri men Shyghys Qazaqstan, odan keyin tútas Altay ólkesin alapat shól basuy mýmkin degen boljamdar aitady. Alayda, qol qusyryp qarap otyra beru qate, qareket kerek. Tómendegi maqalada Júngo júrtynyng da aiylyn jighyzatyn jayttardyng bar ekendigi bayandalady. Sonday-aq maqala avtory әlikýnge mәrtebesi anyqtalmaghan (teniz be, kól me?) Kaspiyge qatysty mәseleni de salystyra oilaugha jeteleydi. 

Qytay – ontýstik tenizdegi araldardyng 75 payyzynan airylghan el

Qytaydyng ontýstik tenizdegi iyelik aumaghy barghan sayyn tarylyp barady. 1947 jylyghy Qytaydyng Gomindang ýkimeti túsynda ontýstik tenizdegi iyelik qúqy 3 million 600 myng sharshy shaqyrym dep túraqtandyrylghan bolatyn.

Transshekaralyq ózenderge qatysty Konvensiyagha qol qoyyp kirgen QHR Ertis pen Ile ózenin keneusiz paydalanyp jatyr. Sonyng saldarynan Balqashtyng «balyghyn tayday tulatyp, baqasyn qoyday shulatatyn» Ilening suy azayyp, úly múhiytqa baryp qúyatyn Ertisting de ekpini tejelip barady. Ekolog-mamandar Qytay osy beti eki ózenning suyn ózbetinshe paydalana berse, Jetisu jeri men Shyghys Qazaqstan, odan keyin tútas Altay ólkesin alapat shól basuy mýmkin degen boljamdar aitady. Alayda, qol qusyryp qarap otyra beru qate, qareket kerek. Tómendegi maqalada Júngo júrtynyng da aiylyn jighyzatyn jayttardyng bar ekendigi bayandalady. Sonday-aq maqala avtory әlikýnge mәrtebesi anyqtalmaghan (teniz be, kól me?) Kaspiyge qatysty mәseleni de salystyra oilaugha jeteleydi. 

Qytay – ontýstik tenizdegi araldardyng 75 payyzynan airylghan el

Qytaydyng ontýstik tenizdegi iyelik aumaghy barghan sayyn tarylyp barady. 1947 jylyghy Qytaydyng Gomindang ýkimeti túsynda ontýstik tenizdegi iyelik qúqy 3 million 600 myng sharshy shaqyrym dep túraqtandyrylghan bolatyn.

Teniz aumaghyndaghy iyelik qúqyna qatysty 1982 jyly qabyldanghan halyqaralyq Konvensiyagha sәikes,  qúrlyq jerden 370.4 shaqyrymgha deyingi (200 mill) aumaq –  arnauly ekonomikalyq aimaqqa jatady.Mine, búl, tenizben kórshiles elderding iyelik qúqyq mәselesi boyynsha negizge alatyn normalary. Qytaymen teniz arqyly shektesetin Filippiyn, Indoneziya, Bruney, Malayziya, Vetnam, qatarly elder de búl tenizge   iyelik qúqyqtary bar ekenin algha tartyp qana qoymay, óz mýddelerine say araldardy iygerip te  otyr. Tipti, múnay-gaz óndirisin barynsha damytuda.1930-1936 jyldardaghy Batys elderinin   otarlap kirui Qytaydyng kórshi memlekettermen qarym-qatynas barysynda әlsizdik tantuyna sebep boldy.  Tek 1956 jyldan bastap teniz aidyndaryna iyelik etu mәselesi kóterildi. 　

Qytaydyng ontýstik teniz aumaghynda 130-dan astam aral bar. Ol araldar negizinen Shisha top araldary(Paracel Islands) men Nansha top araldary(Spratly Islands), Jonsha top araldary, Donsha top araldary bolyp tórtke  bólingen.    Jalpy Qytay Shisha top araldaryna  iyelik qúqyn  1974 jylghy Vetnam-Qytay soghysy arqyly qaytaryp aldy. Búl 22 araldan túrady. Degenmen alys teniz aidynyndaghy araldargha iyelik qúqyn bәri bir  jolgha qoya almady.  Jonsha top araldary ýshin Filippin jәne Vetnam, Taiuan arasynda dau tuyndap otyr. Al Filippin bolsa, Quanyandau(huangyan island) aralyna 2010 jyldan bastap әskery nysandar túrghyza bastady.

Nansha top araldarynan qazir Vetnam 29 aralgha, Filippin 7 aralgha, Malaizyay 3 aralgha, Bruney 1 aralgha, al Qytay bar bolghany 9 aralgha iyelik etedi. Onyng ýstine Jonsha top aralyna jatatyn Quanyandau araly(Huangyan island) men Shyghys Qytay tenizindegi Dyaundau(Senkaku island) aralyna qatysty Filippinmen jәne Japoniyamen aradaghy shiyeleniste Qytaydyng beti qaytty. Búnyng basty sebebi retinde Qytay halqy qazirgi biylikting jemqorlyq jaylaghan qorqaqtyghy men AQSh bastaghan Batys elderining qoldauyna qol jetkizip otyrghan kórshilerin aiyptaydy.

Qytay Ontýstik tenizden yghysyp barady. Nege?

Ondaghy sebep, birinshiden, kórshi elderding halyqaralyq zang normalaryna say iyelik qúqyn algha tartuy; Ekinshiden, әr el ózining ishki tenizderine jaqyn araldardy iyelenip aldy; Ýshinshiden, AQSh bastaghan Batys elderining qoldauy men әskery kómegi olardyng QHR ókimetining pәrmenine qarsy túruyna quat boldy; Tórtinshiden, Qytay biyligining AQSh bastaghan Batys elderine  baylanysty ymyrashyldyq sayasaty Qytaydyng әlsizdigin onan arman kýsheytti.

Alyp qytaydy ataghanda kózderine alyp aidahar elesteytin kórshi elder qazir qytaygha qarsy birlese otyryp sayasat jýrgiziude. Tipten 2012 jyly qytay azamattarynyng últtyq tólqújat  kartasyna talastaghy aumaqtardyng kirip ketui olardyng ashuyn tughyzdy. Filippiyn, Indiya, Vetnam siyaqty elder nota tapsyryp, qytay azamattarynyng tólqújatyn qabyldamay tastaghan bolatyn. Oghan Batys elderi de aralasqan.

Qytay ekonomikasynyng damuynan seskengen AQSh bastaghan Batys elderi týrili joldarmen Qytaygha  sayasi-ekonomikalyq qysym jasaudy kýsheytip jiberdi.  Onyng ýstine ashyqtan-ashyq Fillippiyn, Japoniya, Vetnam qatarly elderge әskery qoldau sayasatyn jýrgizude.  Tipten ótken jylghy Balyqshy araly(Dyau Yudau) ýshin Japonyamen bolghan talasta AQSh Qytaygha eskertu jasady. Áriyne búl eskertu  Júngo memleketining eng jandy jerine tiygeni belgili. Ol eskertu – Qytay mәnsaptylarynyng AQSh pen Batys elderindegi bankterge qoyghan amanat aqshalaryn әshkerleu jәne olardyng atyn atau, tipti qajet bolsa, qarjy ainalymynda toqtatyp, «múzdatu» (zamoroziti) edi. Mine búl qolyna baylyq bitken nemese mәnsәp ústaghan qytaylardyng shetelge audaryp, úrlap jatqan aqshalaryna jariya ete jazdaghan AQSh-tyn  qatang eskertui bolatyn.

Ontýstik teniz aumaghy – mol baylyq kózi

Ontýstik qytay tenizi – әskery jәne strategiyalyq mәselede manyzdy  ghana emes,  mol baylyq bazasy. Ondaghy múnaydyng   qory 140 milliard tonnadan astam bolsa, gazdyng zapastaghy qory  250 milliard tekshe metrden asady. Onyng ýstine balyq sharuashylyghynyng qaynaghan ortasy. Qytay osy baylyqty armandaghanymen әzirshe mýmkindigi bolmay otyr.

Qazir Qytay ózine tiyeseli sanaytyn Ontýstik Teniz aumaghynyng  80 payyzy –  talastaghy aumaqqa ainalyp, Qytaydyng ashyq tenizdegi mýddesine shekteu qoydy. Tipten teniz joldaryn bógep tastady. Ol az bolghanday әr el ózining iyelik úqqyq kólemin belgilep, mol múnay jәne gaz baylyghyn ashty.  

Qazir Vetnam, Malayziya, Filippin   elderi ózderining iyelik etip otyrghan teniz aidyndaryn qorghau ýshin әskery dayyndyqtaryn kýsheytip jiberdi. Sonymen qatar teniz aumaqtarynda múnay-gaz salasy boyynsha ónerkәsipti barynsha qolgha alyp otyr. Ásirese, ekonomikalyq quaty kýshti Malayziyanyng tebini qatty. Malaiziya kýnine 645 myng barell múnay óndirse (1991), Malayziyagha tәueldi sanalatyn osy teniz aumaghyndaghy múnaydyng zapas qory 16 milliard tonnadan asady dep mejelenude, al 260 myng adamy bar Bruneyding negizigi tabys kózi – múnay eksporty. Bruney múnayy eksportynyng jartysyn Japoniya alatynyn da eskeru kerek.

Vetnam 4 múnay alabyn ashsa, Filippin shetel kompaniyalarymen birlese otyryp múnay búrghylay bastady.

1982 jyly qabyldanghan halyqaralyq Konvensiyagha sәikes kez kelegen elding  Tenizding aiyryqsha ekonomikalyq aumaghyna jatatyn, tenizding ishine 200  mill kiretin aumaqtan shyghatyn baylyqqa ie bolugha qúqy bar. Demek, Konvensiyagha mýshe bolyp kirgen Qytaydyng  endi talasugha zandy qúqy joq ekenin eskersek, Qytay ózining útylghanyn aqyry moyyndauy kerek. Ázirshe olay bolmay túr. Mine  dәl osy jayt qazirgi QHR ókimetining qyzghanyshyn tudyryp, tózimin tauysyp barady.

Qysqartyp aitqanda, Qytay endi ontýstik qytay tenizine qoja boludan ketti. Kórshilerimen talasyp, kýsh kórsetuding de tiyimsiz tәsil ekenin týsindi.

(1982 jylghy qabyldanghan halyqaralyq konvensiya sәikes tenizge iyelik etu qúqyghynyng sipattamasy)

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