Ózbekstan Qazaqstandy qosa alghanda, Ortalyq Aziya elderimen ózara senim men tatu kórshilikke negizdelgen qatynastardy da­my­tu jolymen jýrip keledi. Ózbek jәne qazaq halyqtary ja­qyn kórshiler ghana emes, kópjaqty yntymaqtastyqtyng kó­p­te­­gen aspektisi boyynsha bir-birin bauyrlar retinde qoldap otyrady.

Sondyqtan da Ózbekstan men Qazaqstan – jaqyn kórshi­ler, senimdi әriptester jәne qa­tar qonys tepken bauyrlas mem­leketter. Eki elding halyqta­ry arasyndaghy ózara baylanys­tar men bauyrlastyq qatynas­tardyng úzaq tarihy bar. Keyin­gi jyldary eki memleket ara­syn­daghy yntymaqtastyqtyng jana kezeni bastaldy. Sayasi, sauda-ekonomikalyq, mәdeniy-gumaniy­tarlyq jәne basqa salalardaghy ózara tiyimdi qatynastar qarqyn­dy damyp jatyr.

Qazaqstan bizding elding Orta­­lyq Aziyadaghy negizgi sauda-ekonomikalyq әriptesi eken­digin erekshe atap ótken jón. 2016 jyldan beri ótkizilip kele jatqan joghary dengeydegi kezdesulerding arqasynda elderimiz arasyndaghy ózara tiyimdi qarym-qatynas jana kezenge ótti. 2016 jylghy qyr­kýiekten bastap joghary den­geydegi 5 memlekettik sapar jәne 10-nan astam júmys sapary boldy, taraptar arasynda 20-dan astam kezdesu ótkizildi. Osy kezdesuler barysynda 230-gha juyq memleketaralyq, ýkimetaralyq jәne salaaralyq qújatqa qol qoyyldy. Olar elderimiz ara­syn­daghy yntymaqtastyqtyng qúqyq­tyq negizi bolyp sanalady. Bú­ghan qosa, Ózbekstan men Qazaq­stan BÚÚ, TMD, ShYÚ, IYÚ, Týrki­til­des memleketter úiymy jәne bas­qa da qúrylymdar ayasynda bel­sen­di týrde yntymaqtasyp otyr.

2018 jyly «Qazaqstandaghy Ózbekstan jylyn» jәne 2019 jyly «Ózbekstandaghy Qazaqstan jylyn» ótkizu elderimizding mәde­niy-gumanitarlyq salalar­daghy yntymaqtastyghyn aitar­lyqtay ny­ghaytty.

Memleketter arasyndaghy qatynastar Ózbekstan Respublikasy men Qazaqstan Respublikasy arasyndaghy mәngilik dostyq turaly shartty (1998 jyl), Strategiyalyq әriptestik turaly shartty (2013 jyl), Odaqtastyq qatynastar turaly shartty (2023 jyl) jәne jaqyn әriptestik, tendik, birlik jәne joghary senim qaghidattary bayandalghan basqa da qújattardy qosa alghanda, birqatar qújat negizinde nyghaya týsti.

Býgingi tanda eki elding kóshbasshylary kópjaqty әriptestikti dәiekti týrde damytugha jәne nyghaytugha degen nyq úmtylysyn, sonday-aq jana biyikterge iyq tirestire jetu niyetin kórsetip jýr. Ózara dostyq baylanystar naqty praktikalyq qadamdarmen bayytylyp, joghary traektoriya boyynsha damyp keledi.

***

«Ózbek pen qazaq – jaqyn kórshi ghana emes, ortaq tarihy múra, mәdeny jәne ruhany qúndylyq baylanystyrghan bauyrlar. Búl – bagha jetpes baylyghymyz, biz ony airyqsha baghalaymyz. Men taghdyrymyz qanday ortaq bolsa, bolashaghymyz sonday ortaq bolatynyna senemin»

Shavkat MIRZIYYoEV,

Ózbekstan Respublikasynyng Preziydenti

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Búl rette eki el arasyndaghy yntymaq­tas­tyq dinamikasyna toqtalu oryndy. Qazaqstan aumaghynda Ózbekstan reziydentterining qatysuymen 1400-den asa kәsiporyn qúryldy. Qazaqstanda óner­kәsiptik kooperasiya boyynsha iri jobalar iske asyrylu ýstinde. Atap aitqanda, Qostanayda, Shymkentte jәne Týrkistanda «Ravon» avtomobiliderin qúrastyru, sonday-aq túrmystyq tehnika men toqyma ónimderining óndirisi jolgha qoyyldy.

Eki dostas memleket arasyndaghy yntymaqtastyq sauda qatynastarymen ghana shektelmeydi. Qazaqstan elimizding ekonomikasyna investisiya qúigha erek­she kónil bólip otyr. Ózbekstanda Qazaqstan kapitalynyng qatysuymen 1100-den asa kәsiporyn júmys isteydi. Bes jyl búryn búl kórsetkish shamamen 6 ese az boldy.

Bizding elding auyl sharuashylyghynda әli de kóptegen paydalanylmaghan mým­kindik bar. Sondyqtan keyingi jyldary agrarlyq sektordy damytu mem­lekettik sayasattyng arqauyna ainaldy. Osylaysha, Ózbekstannyng auyl sharuashylyghy ishki naryqty sapaly jemispen jәne kókónispen toltyryp qana qoymay, kórshi jәne alys shetelderding naryqtaryn da iyemdenip jatyr.

Sonyng ishinde Ózbekstan men Qazaq­stannyng auyl sharuashylyghy jónindegi birlesken júmys toby eki el arasyndaghy osy saladaghy yntymaqtastyqtyng ózekti mindetterin iske asyrumen belsendi ainalysady.

Ózbekstannyng Ortalyq Aziyadaghy eng iri sauda-ekonomikalyq әriptesi sanalatyn Qazaqstanmen auyl sharuashylyghy salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyq sauda, investisiyalar, ghylym jәne instituttyq yntymaqtastyq salasynda belsendi damyp keledi.

2023 jylghy 7-8 qyrkýiekte Samar­qandta azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi mәse­leleri jónindegi Halyqaralyq konferen­siya ótti. Oghan Qazaqstannyng Auyl sharua­shylyghy ministrligining basshy­lyghy bastaghan delegasiya da qatysty.

Konferensiyada auyl sharua­shy­ly­ghynyn, orman jәne balyq sharuashy­lyghynyng ónimdiligi men ornyq­ty­l­yghyn arttyru, sonyng ishinde auyl sharuashylyghynyng joghary ónim­di sektorlaryn negizdelgen sayasat pen tәjiriybe arqyly qoldau jәne tabiy­ghy resurstardy ornyqty paydalanu­dy qamtamasyz etu mәseleleri talqy­landy. Jetekshi taqyryptar úsaq auyl­sharuashylyq tauar óndirushilerin qoldau ýshin qauipsiz jәne tiyimdi azyq-týlik jýiesin qúru, auyl­dy jer­lerde kedeyshilikti azay­tu, agroazyq-týlik jýielerining inklu­zivtiligi men tiyimdiligin arttyru boldy. Osy sheshimder boyynsha keleshegi auqymdy kelisimderge qol jetkizildi.

2023 jylghy 4 qazanda Tashkentte «Tiyimdiligi joghary auyl sharuashylyghy mashinalaryn jasau jәne tehnikany paydalanu dengeyin arttyru ýshin innovasiyalyq sheshimder» taqyrybynda Halyqaralyq ghylymiy-praktikalyq konferensiya ótti. Konferensiyagha qazaq ghalymdary men ghylymy mekemelerding ókilderi onlayn-rejimde qatysty.

Agrarlyq salada qol jetkizgen keli­sim­der men kәsipkerler arasynda orna­tylghan yntymaqtastyqtyng nәtiy­jesinde 2023 jyldyng qorytyndysy boyynsha Ózbekstan men Qazaqstan arasyndaghy auyl sharuashylyghy jәne azyq-týlik ónimderining ózara sauda­synyng kólemi 1,87 mlrd dollargha teng boldy. Sonyng ishinde auyl sharuashylyghy ónimining eksporty – 179,7 mln dollar, al import – 1,69 mlrd dollar.

Biyl qantar-shilde ailary ara­lyghynda Ózbekstan men Qazaqstan arasyndaghy auyl sharuashylyghy jәne azyq-týlik ónimderining ózara sauda kólemi – 909,9 mln AQSh dollardy qúrady. Sonyng ishinde auyl sharuashylyghy ónimining eksporty – 161,7 mln dollar, al import — 748,2 mln dollar.

Eksporttalatyn ónimder – kókónis (52,3 mln dollar), jemis (28,9 mln dollar), keptirilgen jemis pen kókónis (11,4 mln dollar), temeki búiymdary (12,3 mln dollar), mal azyghy daqyldary (8,0 mln dollar), susyndar (6,8 mln dollar), kondiyterlik búiymdar (5,8 mln dollar) jәne óndelgen ónimder (2,2 mln dollar).

Importtalatyn auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderining tiziminde dәndi daqyldar (293,5 mln dollar), may (71,3 mln dollar), et (38,3 mln dollar), januarlargha arnalghan jem (36,4 mln dollar), susyndar (34,7 mln dollar), kókónis (26,1 mln dollar) jәne azyq-týlik ónimderi (26,3 mln dollar) bar.

Ayta ketu kerek, fitosanitarlyq baqylau jәne ósimdikterdi qorghau jayy memleketter arasyndaghy auyl sharua­shylyghy ónimderin eksporttau jәne importtau ýderisinde әrqashan basym mәseleler bolyp qala beredi. Sebebi búl saladaghy túraqty da sapaly júmys auyl sharuashylyghynyng bolashaghyna tikeley әser etedi. Búl baghyttaghy yntymaqtastyq dәiekti týrde jolgha qoyylghany manyzdy.

Byltyr 2 nauryzda Germaniyanyng Ortalyq Aziyadaghy sauda erejelerin jenildetu jónindegi jobasynyng (GIZ) teh­nikalyq qoldauymen ótkizilgen Orta­lyq Aziya fitosanitarlyq qyzmet­teri­ning ónirlik kezdesuinde Ózbekstan men Qazaqstannyng aqparattyq jýieleri kórsetildi.

Sol jyly 25-28 sәuir aralyghynda Ózbekstan men Qazaqstannyng shekaralas aumaqtarynda (3 km radius­ta) karantindik obektilerding oshaq­taryn anyqtau ýshin birlesken tekseruler jýrgizildi. Qazirgi uaqytta eki memleketting karantindik qyz­metteri fito­sa­nitariya salasyndaghy aq­parattyq jýielerdi integrasiyalau boyyn­sha belsendi júmys jýrgizip jatyr.

Kórshiles eki el arasyndaghy әriptestik agrarlyq bilim beru salasynda da jýzege asyrylyp otyr. Mysaly, 2023 jylghy 17-29 sәuir aralyghynda Termezdegi agrotehnologiya jәne innovasiyalyq damu institutynyng 11 professory men oqy­­tushylarynan qúralghan delegasiya Qazaqstannyng últtyq agrarlyq zertteu uniyversiytetinde biliktilikti arttyrudan ótti.

Byltyr Auyl sharuashylyghy miy­nistr­ligining janyndaghy Túqym sharuashylyghyn damytu ortalyghy Qazaq­stangha 1,2 myng tonna maqta túqy­myn, 12 tonna kýrish túqymyn jetkizdi. Biyl qantarda osy ortalyq Qazaqstangha 1,9 myng tonna maqta túqymyn jetkizu jóninde kelisimshart jasasty. Osy uaqytqa deyin 150 tonna ónim jetkizildi.

Sonday-aq eki kórshi memleket ara­syndaghy әriptestik negizinde birqatar birlesken joba jýzege asyrylyp jat­qanyn aitqan jón. Syrdariya oblysy­nyng Syrdariya audanynda qúrylyp jatqan Ózbekstan men Qazaqstannyng Halyqaralyq ónerkәsiptik kooperasiya ortalyghy audanynda 1 million tonna astyqty tereng óndeu (26 mln dollar) jәne ósimdik maylaryn óndiru (5 mln dollar) jó­nindegi jobalardy iske asyru jos­parlanyp otyr. Búl joba ýshin jauap­kershilik qazaqstandyq «K-Agro» kompaniyasyna jýktelgen. Ol ózbek әriptesi «A-Sommeh» JShQ-men birlesip, jobany iske asyrudy bastaugha dayyn. Jo­ba­ny iske asyru Ózbekstan men Qa­zaq­stannyng Halyqaralyq ónerkәsiptik kooperasiya ortalyghyn (HÓKO) qúrudan bastalmaq.

Búdan bólek, qúny 8 mln AQSh dollary bolatyn birlesken jobany iske asyru ýshin Qazaqstannyng «Meat Magnat» ÁKK-si men Ózbekstannyng «Premium Beef Well» JShQ birlesken kompaniya qúrdy. Jobanyng birinshi kezeninde Týrkistan oblysynyng Sayram audanynda 3,5 myng bas iri qara ústalatyn mal sharuashylyghy kesheni iske qosyldy, sonday-aq jemshóp bazasyna qosymsha 50 gektar jer bólindi. Ekinshi kezende iri qara sanyn 20 myng basqa deyin kóbeytu jәne qosymsha jer uchaskelerin (2 myng gektar) bólu josparlanghan.

Osynday birlesken әreketterding barlyghy ghasyrlar boyghy dostyq baylanystarmen, ózara dәstýrlermen, qúndylyqtarmen jәne tiyimdi әriptestik qaghidattarymen ýilesim tauyp, layyqty baghalanyp otyr.

Búghan qosa Qazaqstanmen jana keleshektegi jobalar әzirlenip jatyr. Mysaly, Týrkistan oblysynda jibek sharuashylyghyn damytu jónindegi jobany iske asyru turaly kelisimge qol jetkizildi. 2024-2029 jyldargha arnal­ghan osy joba Auyl sharuashylyghy miy­nistrligi janyndaghy Jibek sharua­shylyghyn jәne jýn ónerkәsibin damytu komiytetining jәne «Qazaq Jibek» birlestigining qoldauymen jýzege asyrylatyn bolady. Joba ýsh kezende iske asyrylmaq. Birinshi kezende Týrkistan oblysyna jalpy qúny 32 mln dollar bolatyn tút jibek qúrtynyng 80 mln dana pillәsi jetkiziledi (5 mln pillә 2024 jyly jetkiziledi) jәne 10 myng gektar jer bólinedi. Ekinshi kezende Týrkistan oblysyna jibek qúrty júmyrtqasynyng tiyisti týri jetkiziletin bolady. Eksport­talghan tút jibek qúrtynyng pillәlary Týrkistan oblysynyng klimatyna beyimdelip, jaqsy nәtiyje kórsetkennen keyin Ózbekstan-Qazaqstan túqym ósiru kәsipornyn qúru josparlanyp otyr.

Sonday-aq Qazaqstan aumaghynda (Qostanay, Aqmola jәne Pavlodar ob­lys­tarynda) dәndi daqyldar jәne jem­shóp ónimderin óndiru jobasyn iske asy­ru boyynsha júmystar jýrgizilip jatyr.

Taghy bir keleshegi zor qadamdy atap ótken jón. Qazir Auyl sharuashylyghy ministrligining mamandary men agrarlyq salada júmys isteytin kәsipkerler delegasiyasy Qazaqstanda jýr. Búl sapardyng negizgi maqsaty – 50 myng gektar jer uchaskesinde auyl sharuashylyghy ónimin óndiru men iri qara mal ósiru jónindegi jobalardy iske asyru ýshin negizgi sharttardy kelisu.

Delegasiya mýsheleri Qazaqstannyng Aqmola, Qaraghandy, Qostanay jәne Sol­týstik Qazaqstan oblystarynyng agrar­lyq salasyndaghy jauapty túlgha­­lar­men jәne kәsipkerlermen kezde­­sedi. Búl kezdesulerding maqsa­ty – Ózbekstandaghy dәndi daqyldar­men, mal sharuashylyghymen, qús sharuashy­lyghymen jәne balyq sharuashylyghymen ainalysatyn iri auyl sharuashylyghy subektilerining astyq qory men jemshóp bazasyn jaqsartu ýshin Qazaqstannyng agrarlyq kәsiporyndarymen yntymaq­tastyq turaly kelisimderge qol qong. Kez­desuler ayasynda eki elding zannama­syna sәikes yntymaqtastyq turaly ýlgilik kelisimning jobasy qaraldy. Kәsipkerler men Ýkimet ókilderining úsynystary negizinde kelisim jobasyna tolyqtyrular men ózgerister engizildi.

Kelisimderge sәikes býginde birlesken ónimder óndiriletin jer uchaskelerining jay-kýiin tekseru, sumen jabdyqtau men infraqúrylymdy qamtamasyz etu júmystary jýrgizilip jatyr. Eki jaqtyng da mýddelerine say keletin osynday jobalar boyynsha dos­tar men bauyrlar retinde júmys isteu, kórshilik pen bauyrlastyq qaghidattary negizinde bolashaq maqsattardy belgileu, sonday-aq jana agrarlyq jobalardy әzirleu jәne jýzege asyru manyzdy. Múnday әriptestik eki elding damuynda sheshushi ról atqaratynyna senimdimin.

Tútastay alghanda, auyl sharuashylyghy salasyndaghy yntymaqtastyqty damytu eki el men eki bauyrlas halyq ýshin óte tiyimdi әri bolashaghy zor dep sanaymyn. Memleketter arasyndaghy kólik-logistikalyq infraqúrylymdy jәne basqa da baylanystardy nyghaytu auyl sharuashylyghyndaghy yntymaqtastyq dengeyin aitarlyqtay arttyrugha jana mýmkindik tughyzady.

Ibrohim Abdurahmonov,

Ózbekstan Respublikasynyng Auyl sharuashylyghy ministri, akademiyk

Abai.kz