Preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng AQSh-qa resmy sapary Qazaqstannyng syrtqy sayasaty men ekonomikalyq baghytyna jana serpin bergen manyzdy oqigha boldy. Búl sapardy tek diplomatiyalyq hattama dengeyindegi shara emes, elding úzaqmerzimdi investisiyalyq traektoriyasyn qayta qalyptastyratyn qadam dep baghalaytyn sarapshylardyng biri — sayasattanushy Janerke Qayrat.

Onyng pikirinshe, sapar barysynda ótken kelissózder men transúlttyq korporasiyalarmen jasalghan uaghdalastyqtar Qazaqstannyng ekonomikalyq damu arhiytekturasyn jana dengeyge shygharugha mýmkindik beredi. Ásirese Mars, Boeing, medisinalyq seriktestik boyynsha jetekshi Mount Sinai, sonday-aq qarjylyq instituttar Ashmore Group jәne DFC syndy úiymdarmen kelissózder — Qazaqstangha tek investisiya emes, tehnologiya, bilim beru, menedjment standarttary jәne joghary sapaly servistik habtar qúru mýmkindigin beredi.

Janerke Qayrat atap ótkendey, búl sapar Qazaqstannyng investisiyalyq sayasatynda «jekelegen jobalardan — jýielik strategiyalyq әriptestikke» ótu kezenin bastady. Sektorlargha bólingen investisiyalyq qúbyrlar (investment pipeline), kelisilgen qarjylandyru mehanizmderi, joghary qosylghan qúndy óndiristerdi damytugha baghyttalghan naqty jobalar — sapardyng eng basty nәtiyjeleri.

Sarapshynyng aituynsha, dәl osynday keshendi vizitter Qazaqstannyng institusionaldyq reformalarynyng tiyimdiligin halyqaralyq ortada dәleldep, investorlardyng senimin arttyrady. Eger kelisilgen jobalar praktikalyq dengeyde jýzege assa, Qazaqstan aldaghy jyldary ónirlik ekonomikalyq habqa ainalyp, joghary tehnologiyaly sektorlardy damytudy edәuir jedeldete alady.

Suret: Spiykerding múraghatynan alyndy.

— Siz Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng AQSh saparynyng nәtiyjelerin qalay baghalaysyz, әsirese iri korporasiyalar men qarjy instituttarymen jýrgizilgen úzaq merzimdi investisiyalargha baghyttalghan kelissózder túrghysynan?

— Preziydent Toqaevtyng AQSh-qa saparyn tek sayasy protokoldyq is-shara retinde emes, ekonomikalyq túrghydan úzaq merzimdi investisiyalyq әriptestikti nyghaytugha baghyttalghan jýieli qadam dep qarastyrugha bolady. Al  kezdesulerding iri transúlttyq korporasiyalarmen jәne halyqaralyq qarjy instituttarynyng qatysuymen ótui Qazaqstannyng jahandyq kapital naryghyndaghy pozisiyasyn kýsheytuge baghyttalghan qadam deuge bolady. Jalpy múnday saparlar men kezdesulerding nәtiyjesinde eng bastysy strategiyalyq sektorlar boyynsha jobalar aiqyndalyp, investisiyalyq qúbyrlar (investment pipeline) qalyptasyp, qarjylandyru tetikteri kelisilip, ary qaray úzaq merzimdi әriptestik arhiytekturasyn qúrugha mýmkindik tuyndaydy. Osy sharalar jýzege asqan jaghdayda naqty investisiyalyq jobalar iske qosylyp, últtyq ekonomika men enbek naryghynda naqty ong nәtiyjelerge qol jetkizuge bolady.  Mening oiymsha, osy jolghy sapar barysynda dәl osynday strategiyalyq әriptestik arhiytekturasy qalandy deuge negiz bar. Eger qol jetkizilgen uaghdalastyqtar praktikalyq dengeyde iske assa, onda óndiristik quattardy keneytuge, joghary qosylghan qúndy sektorlardy damytugha, jana júmys oryndaryn ashugha jәne kәsiporyndardy tehnologiyalyq janghyrtugha ýlken mýmkindik bolady.

— Mars kompaniyasymen 180 mln dollarlyq kelisim jәne Alatauda óndiristi iske qosu auyl sharuashylyghy shiykizatyn tereng óndeudi kózdeydi. Múnday jobalar Qazaqstannyng joghary qosylghan qúndy óndiristerdi damytu kursyn is jýzinde iske asyru dep baghalaugha bola ma?

— Auyl sharuashylyghy Qazaqstan ýshin ýlken әleueti bar sala. Elding keng jer resurstary, astyq jәne mal sharuashylyghy boyynsha tarihy mamandanuy, geografiyalyq ornalasuy búl sektordy strategiyalyq baghytqa ainaldyrady. Sonymen qatar auyl sharuashylyghy azyq-týlik qauipsizdigin qamtamasyz etu túrghysynan asa manyzdy. Geosayasy túraqsyzdyq, jahandyq jetkizu tizbekterining ýzilui jaghdayynda ishki óndiristing orny erekshe. Alayda enbek ónimdiligi kórsetkishteri boyynsha Qazaqstan AQSh-pen salystyrghanda aitarlyqtay artta qalyp otyr.  Salystyrmaly derekterge sýiensek, AQSh-ta bir auyl sharuashylyghy qyzmetkerine shaqqandaghy jyldyq ónim kólemi 150 myng dollardan assa, Qazaqstanda shamamen 10myng dollar. Búl aiyrmashylyqtyng negizgi sebepteri tehnologiyalyq jabdyqtanu dengeyi, agroinnovasiyalardyng engizilui, sifrlandyru, irrigasiya jýieleri, zamanauy tehnikasy men agrobiznesti basqarudyng tiyimdi modeliderining jetispeushiligi. Osy túrghydan AQSh kompaniyalarymen jәne qarjy instituttarymen әriptestik eng aldymen agroónerkәsip keshenin (AÓK) tehnologiyalyq janghyrtugha ýlken mýmkindik beredi. Zamanauy óndeu jabdyqtary, sapa standarttary, logistikalyq jýieler jәne agrotehnologiyalar engizilse, búl jalpy sektorgha jana serpin beredi, enbek ónimdiligin arttyrady jәne eksporttyq әleuetti keneytedi. Sondyqtan Mars kompaniyasymen 180 mln dollarlyq joba osy túrghyda erekshe manyzgha iye. Eger óndiris jergilikti shiykizatty tereng óndeuge baghyttalsa, búl tek bastapqy auyl sharuashylyghy ónimin óndirumen shektelmey, qosylghan qúny joghary dayyn ónim shygharugha kóshuge, shiykizatty syrtqa tómen baghamen eksporttaudan góri, ishki óndeudi úlghaytu arqyly tabysty arttyrugha mýmkindik beredi. Demek, atalghan joba Qazaqstannyng joghary qosylghan qúndy óndiristerdi damytu sayasatyn is jýzinde iske asyru dep baghalaugha tolyq negiz bar.

— Ashmore Group jәne Mount Sinai kompaniyalarymen halyqaralyq klinika qúru jónindegi kelissózder Qazaqstannyng medisinalyq infraqúrylymdy damytugha jәne medisinalyq turizmdi kóteruge degen talpynysyn kórsetedi. Múny әleumettik jәne tehnologiyalyq sektorlargha investorlardyng senimining artuy retinde qarastyrugha bola ma?

— Rasymen Ashmore Group jәne Mount Sinai úiymdarymen halyqaralyq klinika qúru jónindegi kelissózder Qazaqstannyng medisinalyq infraqúrylymdy damytugha jәne medisinalyq turizmdi ilgeriletuge baghyttalghan strategiyalyq úmtylysyn kórsetedi. Jәne múny әleumettik jәne tehnologiyalyq sektorlargha investorlardyng senimining artuy retinde qarastyrugha negiz bar. Sebebi densaulyq saqtau salasy úzaq merzimdi investisiyany, túraqty әkimshilik ortany jәne sapaly kadrlyq әleuetti talap etetin kýrdeli sala. Qazirgi tanda medisina әlem boyynsha qarqyndy damyp keledi, sonyng ishinde sifrlyq diagnostika, genomdyq zertteuler, jasandy intellekt negizindegi sheshimder keninen engizilude. AQSh densaulyq saqtau jýiesi әleumettik, qarjylyq jәne basqarushylyq túrghydan belgili bir daghdarystargha tap bolghanymen, tehnologiyalyq damu, ghylymy zertteuler jәne joghary tehnologiyalyq medisina salasynda әlemdik kóshbasshylardyng biri bolyp qala beredi. Mount Sinai siyaqty bedeldi akademiyalyq medisinalyq ortalyqpen yqtimal seriktestik Qazaqstan medisinasy ýshin orasan zor mýmkindik ashady. Sonyng ishinde zamanauy klinikalyq protokoldardyn, bilim beru baghdarlamalarynyn, ghylymiy-zertteu jobalarynyng jәne basqaru standarttarynyng transferi jýzege asuy mýmkin. Qazaqstan medisinasy birqatar baghyttar boyynsha qazirding ózinde jaqsy nәtiyjeler kórsetip otyrghanyn da aita ketu kerek. Ásirese kardiologiya jәne neyrohirurgiya salalarynda kýrdeli operasiyalar tabysty jýrgizilude, zamanauy ortalyqtar júmys isteydi. Sonymen qatar sәuleli terapiya, onyng ishinde proton terapiyasy boyynsha Qazaqstan ónirdegi aldynghy qatarly elderding biri sanalady. Búl  elimizde medisinalyq tehnologiyalardy iygeru men kadrlyq әleuetting bar ekenin bildiredi. Sondyqtan birlesken halyqaralyq klinika qúru ishki medisinalyq qyzmet sapasyn jana dengeyge kóterip qana qoymay, medisinalyq turizmdi damytugha da ýlken mýmkindik bereri sózsizi.

— Aviasiya salasynda Boeing kompaniyasymen yntymaqtastyqty keneytu, onyng ishinde Air Astana ýshin Dreamliner úshaqtaryn jetkizu jәne Shymkentte servis ortalyghyn ashu talqylandy. Múnday jobalar Qazaqstannyng transporttyq baylanysyn kýsheytip, ony jahandyq naryqtargha integrasiyalauda qanshalyqty manyzdy?

— Aviasiya salasyndaghy Boeing kompaniyasymen yntymaqtastyqty keneytu de asa strategiyalyq manyzgha iye. Boeing  әlemdegi jetekshi әue kemelerin óndirushilerding biri, azamattyq aviasiya naryghynda Airbus-pen birge jahandyq negizgi oiynshy. Air Astana ýshin zamanauy Dreamliner úshaqtaryn jetkizu mәselesining talqylanuy Qazaqstannyng alys qashyqtyqtaghy baghyttaryn keneytuge, tranzittik әleuetin arttyrugha jәne әue tasymalynyng tiyimdiligin kóteruge mýmkindik beredi. Al Shymkentte tehnikalyq servis ortalyghyn ashu әue kemelerine tehnikalyq qyzmet kórsetu, jóndeu jәne kýrdeli janghyrtu boyynsha Ortalyq Aziyadaghy joghary dengeydegi qyzmet kórsetu habyna ainalu perspektivasyna jol ashady. Búl әlbette Qazaqstannyng jahandyq kólik-logistikalyq jýiege integrasiyalanuyn kýsheytedi. Jәne múnday servis ortalyqtary qyzmetterdi eksporttaugha jol ashady. Sebebi olar tek qazaqstandyq әue kompaniyalaryna ghana emes, ózge memleketterding әue kemelerine de tehnikalyq qyzmet kórsete alady. Búl óz kezeginde valutalyq týsimderdi arttyryp, Qazaqstandy ónirlik aviasiyalyq qyzmet kórsetu ortalyghyna ainaldyrugha mýmkindik beredi. Sonymen qatar búl sala joghary bilikti injenerlermen qatar arnauly orta bilimdi tehnikalyq mamandardy da qajet etedi. Yaghni, ol enbek naryghynda әrtýrli dengeydegi kәsiby kadrlargha súranys qalyptastyryp, sapaly jәne túraqty júmys oryndaryn ashugha mýmkindik beredi.  Demek injenerlik kadrlardy dayarlau jýiesin damytugha, tehnikalyq qúzyretterdi arttyrugha jәne aviasiya salasyndaghy qosymsha servistik baghyttardy keneytuge jaghday jasaydy.

— DFC ókilderi Qazaqstandy Evraziyadaghy negizgi AQSh seriktesi, әsirese resurstardy óndiru jәne transport infraqúrylymy salasynda dep atap ótti. Múnday baghalar Qazaqstannyng strategiyalyq ekonomikalyq seriktestigin nyghaytu men sayasatynyng boljamdylyghyn kórsetedi dep aitugha bola ma?

— DFC strategiyalyq manyzy bar jobalardy úzaq merzimdi qarjylandyrumen qamtamasyz etetin AQSh ýkimetining manyzdy instituttarynyng biri. Sondyqtan DFC ókilderining Qazaqstandy Euraziyadaghy negizgi seriktes retinde atauy rasymen manyzdy sayasi-ekonomikalyq signal bolyp tabylady. Múnday bagha Qazaqstannyng resurstyq әleuetin ghana emes, kólik infraqúrylymy men tranzittik baghyttardaghy rólin de moyyndau degen sóz. Sonymen qatar DFC siyaqty instituttar jobalardy qarjylandyru aldynda qúqyqtyq ortagha, retteu túraqtylyghyna jәne tәuekelderdi basqaru jýiesine jan-jaqty taldau jýrgizedi. Sondyqtan búl mәlimdemeni ekonomikalyq sayasattyng boljamdylyghy men strategiyalyq әriptestikting nyghangynyng belgisi retinde qarastyrugha bolady.

— UNCTAD mәlimetteri boyynsha, Qazaqstan ónirde jinaqtalghan sheteldik tikeley investisiyalar boyynsha (shamamen 151 mlrd dollar) kóshbasshy bolyp otyr. Vizit nәtiyjelerin eldegi investisiyalyq sayasat pen jýrgizilip jatqan reformalardyng tiyimdiligin qosymsha dәleldeytin faktor dep qarastyrugha bola ma?

— Búl kórsetkish elding úzaq merzimdi kapital tartu qabiletin, makroekonomikalyq túraqtylyghyn jәne investisiyalyq tartymdylyghyn sipattaydy. Jinaqtalghan investisiya kólemi  bir rettik qarjy aghyny emes, kóptegen jyldar boyy qalyptasqan senim men institusionaldyq negizding nәtiyjesi.

Sonymen qatar songhy sapar ayasynda jana jobalar men naqty kelissózder bastau alyp jatyr, demek jýrgizilip jatqan institusionaldyq reformalar men investisiyalyq sayasat tiyimdiligin  dәleldeude. Jalpy investisiyalyq ahualdy jaqsartu, investorlardyng qúqyqtaryn qorghau tetikterin kýsheytu, sot jәne arbitraj jýiesin jetildiru, infraqúrylymdy damytu jәne ekonomikany әrtaraptandyru sayasaty  iri halyqaralyq oiynshylardyng qyzyghushylyghyn arttyratyn negizgi faktorlar bolyp esepteledi. Jәne songhy jyldary Qazaqstar búl mәselelerdi qolgha aluda.

Sonymen qatar, Qazaqstan ekonomika kólemi boyynsha Ortalyq Aziya ónirindegi eng iri naryq sanalady. JIÓ kólemi men jan basyna shaqqandaghy tabys dengeyi túrghysynan da el aimaqta aldynghy orynda. Adamy kapital sapasy, joghary bilim beru jýiesining damuy, tehnikalyq jәne injenerlik kadrlardyng boluy  investisiyalyq jobalardy iske asyrudaghy manyzdy artyqshylyghymyz deuge bolady.

Osy túrghydan alghanda, halyqaralyq kompaniyalar men qarjy instituttarynyng Qazaqstangha qyzyghushylyghy elding ekonomikalyq әleueti men institusionaldyq damu dengeyining moyyndaluy dep baghalaugha bolady. Eger bastalghan kelissózder naqty investisiyalyq sheshimderge úlassa, búl Qazaqstannyng ónirlik kóshbasshylyq pozisiyasyn odan әri nyghaytyp, túraqty ekonomikalyq ósimge negiz bola alady.

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