Avram Noam Homskiy — Massachusets tehnologiyalyq institutynyng (MIT) professory, lingvist, filosof, ghalym әri psiholog.

1. NAZARDY BASQA BAGhYTQA BÚRU (ALANDATU)

Qoghamdy basqarudyng eng basty elementi sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq biylik qabyldaghan manyzdy sheshimder men ózekti mәselelerden halyqtyng nazaryn audaryp, aqparattyq kenistikti eshqanday mәni joq, úsaq-týiek habarlamalarmen ýzdiksiz toltyryp otyru.

Azamattardyng zamanauy filosofiyalyq aghymdardy, ozyq ghylymdy, ekonomikany, psihologiyany, neyrobiologiya men kiybernetikany tereng týsinuine jol bermeu ýshin osy «alandatu әdisi» keninen qoldanylady.

Nәtiyjesinde, aqparat kenistigi adamnyng ishki instinktterine әser etetin jenil-jelpi sport, shou-biznes, mistika, erotikadan bastap pornografiyagha deyingi dýniyelermen jәne onay olja tabudyng kýmәndi joldarymen toltyrylady.

2. MÁSELE TUDYRU, REAKSIYa KÝTU, ShEShIM ÚSYNU

Búl әdis boyynsha aldymen qoldan mәsele nemese belgili bir «jaghday» jasalady. Maqsaty halyq arasynda tiyisti reaksiya tudyryp, biylikting ózine tiyimdi sharalardy halyqtyng ózi súraytynday dengeyge jetkizu.

Mysaly, qalalarda qylmystyng órshuine jol beru nemese qandy lankestik әreketter úiymdastyru arqyly azamattardyng ózderine «qauipsizdik sharalaryn kýsheytudi, bostandyqtardy shekteytin zandar qabyldaudy» talap etkizu.

Nemese qoghamnyng әleumettik qúqyqtary shektelse de, halyqtyng sanasyna múny «amalsyz kónetin jamandyq» retinde siniru ýshin qoldan ekonomikalyq, lankestik nemese tehnogendik daghdarystar úiymdastyru. Biraq daghdarystyng ózdiginen tumaytynyn týsinu kerek.

3. SATYLAP (BIRTINDEP) ENGIZU

Qoghamda ýlken narazylyq tudyruy mýmkin kez kelgen tiyimsiz sharany qabyldatu ýshin ony birden emes, kýnnen-kýnge, jyldan-jylgha óte bayau, birtindep engizu jetkilikti. Kýlli әlemde 1980–1990 jyldary jana әleumettik-ekonomikalyq baghyt (neoliyberalizm) osylay jýzege asty.

Memleketting rólin barynsha azaytu, jekeshelendiru, bolashaqqa degen senimsizdik pen túraqsyzdyq, jappay júmyssyzdyq jәne adamsha ómir sýruge jetpeytin tómen jalaqy... Eger osynyng bәri bir kýnde jasalsa, mindetti týrde tónkeris bolar edi.

4. ORYNDALU MERZIMIN ShEGERU (UAQYT ÚTU)

Halyqqa únamaytyn sheshimdi ótkizuding taghy bir amaly  ony «auyr da bolsa, óte qajetti shara» retinde tanystyryp, «ony bolashaqta engizu ýshin qazirden bastap kelisim berudi» talap etu. Bolashaqta jasalatyn qúrbandyqqa kelisim beru qazirgi sәtpen salystyrghanda әldeqayda jenil.

Birinshiden, búl birden oryndalmaydy. Ekinshiden, halyqtyng boyynda «erteng bәri jaqsy jaghyna qaray ózgeredi» degen balang ýmit qashanda bolady jәne olar ózderinen talap etilip jatqan qúrbandyqtan qashyp qútylugha beyim keledi. Búl azamattargha ózgeris iydeyasyna boy ýiretuge uaqyt beredi, al uaqyty kelgende olar múny ýnsiz qabyldaydy.

5. HALYQTY BALAShA BASYNU (NÁRESTE DENGEYINE TÝSIRU)

Búqaragha baghyttalghan nasihattyq ýndeulerding kóbinde aqyl-oyy tolyq jetilmegen mektep jasyndaghy balalargha nemese psihikalyq auytquy bar adamdargha arnalghanday dәlelder, beyneler, sózder men intonasiyalar qoldanylady.

Tyndaushyny adastyrudy kózdegen sayyn, sóileu mәneri de balanyng tiline kóbirek úqsay bastaydy. Nelikten?

Eger eresek adamgha 12 jasar bala qúsap sóileseniz, onyng beretin jauaby nemese qaytaratyn reaksiyasy da balanyng dengeyinde bolady. Búl kezde adamnyng syny túrghydan oilau qabileti uaqytsha búghattalady.

6. EMOSIYaGhA BASYMDYQ BERU

Emosiyagha әser etu degenimiz adamdardyng sanaly týrde taldau jasau jәne bolyp jatqan oqighalardy syny túrghydan úghynu qabiletin búghattaugha baghyttalghan neyrolingvistikalyq baghdarlamalaudyng klassikalyq әdisi.

Ekinshi jaghynan, emosionaldy faktordy qoldanu adamnyng beysanalyq dengeyine jol ashady: sol arqyly onyng sanasyna jat oilar men tilekterdi, qorqynysh pen ýreydi, belgili bir minez-qúlyq ýlgilerin onay siniruge bolady. Terrorizmning qanshalyqty qatygez ekeni, biylikting әdiletsizdigi, ash-jalanash adamdardyng qalay zardap shegip jatqany turaly baybalamdar tasada bolyp jatqan ýderisterding shynayy sebepterin kólegeylep qalady. Emosiya degen logikanyng jauy.

7. HALYQTY NADANDYQ PEN TAYaZDYQQA IYTERMELEU

Manyzdy strategiyalardyng biri adamdardy ózderin basqaru ýshin qoldanylatyn әdis-tәsilderdi týsine almaytyn dәrmensiz kýige týsiru, olardy óz erkinen aiyru jәne barlyq dengeyde shygharmashylyq oilaudy joi.

Qoghamnyng tómengi jigin jogharghy elitadan bólip túratyn nadandyq shynyrauy sonshalyqty tereng boluy tiyis. Ol ýshin tómengi tapqa beriletin bilimning sapasy barynsha ortasha, tayaz әri ýstirt boluy shart (Kembridj, Stenford siyaqty bilim ýlgilerinen alshaq boluy kerek).

(Al Angliya men Amerikanyng elitalary óz balalaryn Angliya koroldik akademiyasynyng jәne Kenestik Stanislavskiy bilim beru jýiesining baghdarlamasymen oqytady).

8. ORTAQOLDYLYQ PEN TAYaZDYQTY NASIHATTAU

Biylik qoghamda aqymaq, dóreki jәne adamgershilikten júrday boludy trend (moda) degen týsinikti qalyptastyrugha tyrysady. Qazirgi әlemde din men ghylymnan bastap óner men sayasatqa deyingi kez kelgen salada ortaqol, tayaz dýniyelerding jappay beleng aluy osy әdisting nәtiyjesi.

Atyshuly dau-damaylar, sary baspasóz, siqyr men baqsylyq, arzan әzilder men populistik mәlimdemeler múnyng bәri bir ghana maqsatqa qyzmet etedi: adamdardyng óz sanasyn shynayy әlemning kenistigine qaray keneytuine jol bermeu.

9. KINÁLILIK SEZIMIN ÚYaLATU

Taghy bir maqsaty adamdy «ózining intellektualdyq qabiletining tómendiginen, bilimining azdyghynan nemese jetkilikti kýsh-jiger júmsamaghanynan basyna týsken baqytsyzdyqqa tek ózi ghana kinәli» degenge sendiru.

Nәtiyjesinde, adam әdiletsiz ekonomikalyq jýiege qarsy shyghudyng ornyna, ózin-ózi jek kórip, býkil kinәni ózinen izdey bastaydy. Búl ony kýizeliske (depressiyagha) úshyratyp, qoghamdyq belsendiligin tolyq joyady jәne enjarlyqqa әkeledi.

10. ADAMNYNG TABIGhATYN ONYNG ÓZINEN DE ARTYQ BILU

Songhy 50 jyldaghy ghylymnyng qaryshtap damuy qarapayym halyqtyng bilimi men biylik basyndaghy elita iyelik etetin aqparat arasynda jer men kóktey alshaqtyq tudyrdy.

Biologiya, neyrobiologiya jәne qoldanbaly psihologiyanyng arqasynda búl jýie adamnyng fiziologiyalyq әri psihologiyalyq bolmysy turaly eng ozyq bilimge qol jetkizdi. Jýie qarapayym adamnyng óz-ózi turaly biletininen әldeqayda kóp nәrseni biledi.

Búl degenimiz kóp jaghdayda jýiening biyligi sheksiz jәne ol adamdardy olardyng óz-ózin baqylay alu mýmkindiginen әldeqayda joghary dengeyde baqylap, basqaryp otyr degen sóz.

Mine, búl qoghamdy ózderi qalaghan baghytqa qaray erkimen búryp, basqarugha arnalghan ghylymy negizdelgen zamanauy tehnologiyalar.

Audarghan Amantay Toyshybayúly

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