Qazaqstan jahandyq kólik baghyttarynyng manyzdy bóligine ainaluda: el temirjol jәne avtomobili infraqúrylymyn keneytip, tranzit merzimin qysqartyp, negizgi dәlizderding ótkizu qabiletin arttyruda.

Búl ózgeristerge halyqaralyq qyzyghushylyq ta artyp keledi. Birqatar sheteldik birqatar basylym Qazaqstannyng kólik-logistikalyq әleuetin damytugha arnalghan maqalalar jariyalady. Mәselen, Time Business News jәne MSN avtorlary Qazaqstannyng joldargha, temirjol jelilerine, porttar men әuejaylargha baghyttalghan auqymdy investisiyalary elding Euraziyanyng kólik kartasyndaghy rólin kýsheytip jatqanyn atap kórsetti. Tómende basylymdar keltirgen negizgi tújyrymdar úsynylyp otyr:

«Beyneu-Sekseuil» magistrali – Qytay men Europany baylanystyratyn «altyn» kópir

Qazaqstanda qúrylysy biyl tamyz aiynda bastalghan «Beyneu-Sekseuil» avtomagistrali paydalanugha berilgennen keyin Qytaydan Europagha jýk tasymaldau qashyqtyghy 1 myng shaqyrymgha, al jetkizu merzimi ýsh kýnge deyin qysqarady. Time Business News basylymy búl magistrali qúrylysynyng bastaluyn Qazaqstannyng kólik salasyn damytudyng úzaq merzimdi strategiyasyn iske asyrudyng jana kezeni dep atap ótken.

Tamyz aiynyng basynda Qazaqstanda el Preziydentining rúqsat beruimen birden birneshe iri avtomagistralidyng qúrylysy bastaldy. Memleket basshysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng aituynsha, «Beyneu-Sekseuil» trassasy ónirler arasyndaghy baylanysty qamtamasyz etip qana qoymay, negizgi halyqaralyq kólik dәlizine ainaluy mýmkin. Avtorlardyng pikirinshe, búl – Transkaspiy halyqaralyq kólik baghytyn nyghaytugha baghyttalghan manyzdy joba.

Basylym Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng «Beyneu-Sekseuil» avtomagistralin Qytay men Europa arasyndaghy «altyn kópir» dep ataghan sózin keltiredi. Ol Qytaymen shekaradaghy ótkizu punktterin Kaspiy tenizindegi Aqtau jәne Qúryq porttarymen tikeley baylanystyrady.

Qazaqstan Qytaymen әlemdegi eng úzyn ýzdiksiz qúrlyq shekarasyna ie jәne Kaspiy tenizine tikeley shygha alady. Osy arqyly el 3 mlrd-tan astam adamnan túratyn naryqtardy baylanystyrady. Avtomagistrali qúrylysy ayaqtalghannan keyin jýk tasymaldau qashyqtyghy shamamen 1 myng shaqyrymgha qysqaryp, jetkizu merzimi ýsh kýnge deyin azayady.

Jeti jylda TKHB arqyly jýk tasymaldau kólemi bes esege ósti

Songhy jeti jylda Qazaqstan kólik infraqúrylymyna shamamen $35 mlrd investisiya saldy. Búl qarajat temirjol jәne avtomobili joldaryn salugha, porttar men aviasiyalyq infraqúrylymdy, shekaralyq ótkelder men sifrlyq logistikalyq jýielerdi damytugha baghyttaldy.

Álemdik óndirushiler men logistikalyq kompaniyalar balama әri әrtaraptandyrylghan sauda baghyttaryn belsendi týrde izdey bastaghan tústa, Orta dәliz bolashaghy zor balama baghyttan Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn eng qarqyndy damyp kele jatqan qúrlyqtyq marshruttardyng birine ainaldy, dep atap ótedi MSN.

Songhy jeti jylda Transkaspiy halyqaralyq kólik baghyty (TKHB) boyynsha jýk tasymaldau kólemi 4,5 mln tonnagha jetip, bes esege artty. Búl kórsetkish TKHB-nyng jahandyq logistikadaghy rólin nyghaytty.

Osydan birneshe jyl búryn halyqaralyq ekspeditorlyq kompaniyalar Orta dәlizdi ótkizu qabileti shekteuli baghyt retinde qarastyrghan bolatyn. Alayda oghan qatysushy elderding kýsh-jigerin ýilestiru búl kózqarasty týbegeyli ózgertti. Halyqaralyq kólik sektorynyng baghalauyna sәikes, songhy jeti jylda dәliz arqyly jýk tasymaldau kólemi bes esege ósip, 2025 jyly 4,5 mln tonnadan asty, al konteynerlik tasymal kólemi shamamen 77 myng TEU-gha jetti. Strategiyalyq maqsat – búl kórsetkishti 2029 jylgha qaray 300 myng TEU-ge deyin jetkizu.

Shekaralyq ótkelderde «bir tereze» qaghidatyn engizu jәne tasymaldaudyng barlyq kezenin qamtityn sifrlyq sheshimder Transkaspiy halyqaralyq kólik baghyty boyynsha jýkterdi jedel jetkizuge mýmkindik beredi.

2025-2026 jyldary Qytaymen shekaradaghy «Dostyq» stansasynan Gruziyanyng Qara teniz porttaryna konteyner jetkizu uaqyty orta eseppen 11-13 kýndi qúrady. Jetkizu jyldamdyghy boyynsha múny Sues kanaly arqyly teniz tasymaldarymen salystyrugha bolady, sonymen qatar jýkterdi jetkizuding boljamdylyghy men senimdiligin arttyrady.

«Dostyq-Moyynty» jelisining ekinshi jolyn iske qosu arqyly jýk poyyzdarynyng jyldamdyghy 87,5%-gha artady

Qazaqstannyng kólik-logistikalyq әleuetin arttyrugha qatysty maqalada Time Business News jurnalisteri temirjol infraqúrylymyn auqymdy janghyrtugha erekshe nazar audarghan. Mәselen, ótken jyly qúny $1 mlrd-tan asatyn joba ayaqtaldy. Atap aitqanda, úzyndyghy 836 shaqyrym bolatyn «Dostyq-Moyynty» magistralidyq jelisining ekinshi joly salyndy. Onyng iske qosyluy baghyttyng ótkizu qabiletin tәuligine 12 poyyz júbynan 60 poyyz júbyna deyin arttyryp, Qytaymen shekaradaghy tranzittik tasymal ýshin anaghúrlym keng mýmkindikter ashty. Jýk poyyzdarynyng tәuligine ortasha jýrip ótu jyldamdyghy 800-den 1 500 shaqyrymgha deyin, yaghny 87,5%-gha artady.

Sol kezende Almaty stansasyn ainalyp ótetin úzyndyghy 75 shaqyrym temirjol jelisi de paydalanugha berildi. Búl jobanyng maqsaty – jýk aghynyn megapolisting temirjol torabyn ainalyp ótetin baghytqa búru. Búl tranzittik tasymal uaqytyn 24 saghatqa deyin qysqartugha mýmkindik beredi. Qytaymen shekara arqyly ótetin «Ayagóz-Baqty» baghyty boyynsha úzyndyghy 300 shaqyrym bolatyn ýshinshi temirjol ótkelining qúrylysy tranzit kólemin birneshe million tonnagha arttyrugha mýmkindik beredi.

«Qorghas – Shyghys qaqpasy» qúrghaq porty da manyzdy ról atqarady. Konteynerlik alandardy keneytip, basqarudyng avtomattandyrylghan jýielerin engizu nәtiyjesinde onyng qabyldau, tiyep-týsiru, jóneltu boyynsha jalpy jýk kólemi 372 myng TEU-gha jetti. Búl nysannyng Ortalyq Aziyadaghy eng iri qúrghaq port jәne Qytay men Qazaqstannyng temirjol jelilerin týiistiretin manyzdy kólik toraby retindegi ornyn nyghaytty.

Preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaev zamanauy logistika ozyq sifrlyq sheshimderdi talap etetinin birneshe ret atap ótti. Osyghan baylanysty kólik ekojýiesin tolyq sifrlandyru júmystary әlemning ozyq tәjiriybesine sәikes jýrgizilude.

Time Business News: Qazaqstan últtyq jol infraqúrylymyn qalyptastyruda

Manyzdy kezenderding biri – «Batys Europa – Batys Qytay» halyqaralyq kólik dәlizining Qazaqstan aumaghyndaghy 2 787 shaqyrym uchaskesin auqymdy rekonstruksiyalau boldy. Qazirgi uaqytta jýzege asyrylyp jatqan iri jobalardyng biri – «Jezqazghan-Qaraghandy» trassasyn janghyrtu. Jobanyng jalpy qúny $1,529 mlrd-qa baghalanady. Onyng ishinde $650 mln-yn Dýniyejýzilik bank pen Aziya infraqúrylymdyq investisiyalar banki investisiyalaydy. Qazaqstan jobagha shamamen $228,8 mln baghyttaydy. «Jezqazghan-Qaraghandy» trassasyn janghyrtu 498 shaqyrym joldy rekonstruksiyalaudy jәne eki jolaqty trassany tórt jolaqqa deyin keneytudi kózdeydi. Joldy birinshi sanatqa auystyru Qytay shekarasynan Qazaqstannyng batys shekarasyna deyin jýk tasymaldau uaqytyn 11 kýnnen 5 kýnge deyin qysqartugha mýmkindik beredi.

Dýniyejýzilik bankting mәlimetinshe, 1 600 shaqyrymnan astam sapasy joghary joldyng salynuy Qazaqstanda janghyrtylghan uchaskelerdegi jol jýru uaqytyn shamamen 67%-gha qysqartugha mýmkindik berdi. Qozghalystyng ortasha jyldamdyghy 25-ten 80 shaqyrym/saghatqa deyin artsa, jol paydalanushylardyng shyghyndary 35%-gha tómendedi.

Búl rette kólik dәlizi kommersiyalyq tasymaldar kólemining ósuine yqpal etip qana qoymay, «Ortalyq-Ontýstik» dәlizining jәne janghyrtylyp jatqan «Soltýstik-Ontýstik» halyqaralyq dәlizining uchaskesi siyaqty basqa da manyzdy baghyttarmen baylanysady.

Qazaqstan jýk jәne azamattyq aviasiya ýshin әue habyna ainaluda

2025 jyly otandyq әue tasymaldaushylary 15 mln-nan astam jolaushy tasymaldady. Búl ótken jyldyng kórsetkishinen shamamen 5%-gha joghary. Jalpy, elimizding әuejaylary 32 mln-gha juyq jolaushygha qyzmet kórsetti.

MSN avtorlary Qazaqstandaghy әue tasymaldary sektorynyng túraqty damyp kele jatqanyn atap ótedi. Qazaqstandaghy әue tasymaldary sektory túraqty damyp keledi. Almaty әuejayynyng jana halyqaralyq jolaushylar terminaly paydalanugha berildi, ol endi jylyna 14 mln jolaushygha deyin qabylday alady. Kelesi jyly Astana qalasynyng aviasiyalyq infraqúrylymyn janghyrtu júmystary bastalady. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde aldaghy birneshe jylda Astana әuejayynyng ótkizu qabileti jylyna 12 mln jolaushygha deyin artady. Sonymen qatar turizmdi damytu jәne kólik qoljetimdiligin arttyru maqsatynda ónirlerde әuejaylar salynuda.

Jýk tasymalyna keletin bolsaq, ótken jyly elimizding әuejaylary arqyly 173,3 myng tonna jýk qabyldanyp, jóneltildi. Jýk qabyldau, jóneltu mýmkindigin arttyru ýshin Qazaqstan әlemning jetekshi jýk әue kompaniyalaryn tartuda. Olardyng qatarynda Cargolux Airlines International jәne Pacific Cargo bar. Sonymen qatar elimizde әlemning 10-nan astam iri әue jýk tasymaldaushysy júmys isteydi.

Taghy bir manyzdy baghyt – «ashyq aspan» rejiymin keneytu. Búl taghy da sheteldik әue tasymaldaushylardy tartugha, halyqaralyq baghyttardyng sanyn arttyrugha jәne Qazaqstan әuejaylarynyng tranzittik әleuetin kýsheytuge mýmkindik beredi. Qazaqstannyng negizgi artyqshylyqtarynyng biri – aviasiyalyq otyn baghasynyng tiyimdiligi. Búl óz kezeginde tranzittik jolaushylar men jýk aghyndaryn elge tartugha yqpal etedi. 2026 jyly halyqaralyq baghyttar jelisin 30 el boyynsha 135 baghytqa deyin keneytu josparlanghan. Salystyra ketsek, 2024 jyly 115 baghyt bolghan.

Kaspiy porttarynyng jyldyq ótkizu qabileti 21 mln tonnadan asty

Time Business News elding kólik-logistikalyq әleuetin damytugha arnalghan maqalasynda jekelegen infraqúrylymdyq jobalardan integrasiyalanghan mulitimodalidy kólik ekojýiesin qúrugha kóshudi Qazaqstan damuynyng qazirgi kezenining basty ereksheligi dep atap ótken.

2025 jyly «Aqtau» portynda konteynerlik hab salyndy. «Qúryq» portynda teniz týbin terendetu júmystary ayaqtalyp, kótergish estakada janghyrtyldy. Búl jobalargha Europalyq qayta qúru jәne damu banki ondaghan million euro kóleminde belsendi investisiya saldy.

Jalpy alghanda, Qazaqstannyng Kaspiydegi porttaryn keneytuge baghyttalghan júmystar olardyng konteynerlik quatyn ýsh esege arttyryp, jalpy ótkizu qabiletin eki esege úlghaytugha mýmkindik beredi.

Janghyrtu jәne keneytu Ázerbayjan men Gruziyanyng Baku portyn janghyrtu jәne «Baku-Tbilisiy-Kars» temirjolynyng ótkizu qabiletin arttyru jónindegi josparlarymen tyghyz baylanysty. Búl jýkterding Týrkiyagha jәne odan әri Europagha ýzdiksiz jetkiziluin qamtamasyz etuge mýmkindik beredi.

Ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyq jәne damu úiymynyng (EYDÚ) mәlimetinshe, Qazaqstan býginde Qytay men Europa arasyndaghy qúrlyq arqyly ótetin jýk tranziytining shamamen 83%-yn qamtamasyz etedi. Búl elimizdi qalyptasyp kele jatqan Euraziyalyq kólik baylanysynyng negizgi buyndarynyng birine ainaldyrady. Alayda búl – auqymdy úzaq merzimdi strategiyanyng bir bóligi ghana. Qazaqstannyng 2030 jylgha deyingi kólik-logistikalyq әleuetin damytu tújyrymdamasy negizgi kólik dәlizderi boyynda ornalasqan seriktes qalalarda mulitimodalidy logistikalyq ortalyqtar jelisin qúrudy, sonday-aq manyzdy temirjol jelilerin odan әri elektrlendirudi kózdeydi.

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