Tarihta aty qylmys әlemimen astasyp ketken adamdar kem emes. Alayda esimi tútas bir dәuirding simvolyna ainalghan túlghalardyng biri – kolumbiyalyq Pablo Eskobar.

Ol esirtki saudasynan orasan zor baylyq jinap qana qoymay, Kolumbiya memleketining sayasatyna, ekonomikasyna jәne qoghamdyq ómirine aitarlyqtay yqpal etken qylmystyq imperiya qúrdy. Onyng ómirindegi eng kóp talqylanghan oqighalardyng biri – 1991 jyly biylikting aitqanyna kónip, berilip, keyin arnayy týrmeden qashuy.

Ótken ghasyrdyng sonynda Eskobar bastaghan Medeliin karteli Kolumbiyadaghy esirtki saudasynyng asa iri qúrylymdarynyng birine ainaldy. AQSh-qa kokain jetkizuden týsken orasan qarajat kartelige ýlken ekonomikalyq jәne úiymdastyrushylyq mýmkindik berdi. Eskobardyng aty qorqynyshpen qatar, keybir kedey audandarda әleumettik kómek kórsetken adam retinde de ataldy. Degenmen, búl qayyrymdylyq onyng qylmystyq әreketterining auyr saldaryn joqqa shyghara almady.

Memleket pen Eskobar arasyndaghy teketires jyldar boyy kýsheydi. Biylik ony tútqyndaugha tyrysty, al qylmystyq toptar óz yqpalyn saqtau ýshin zorlyq-zombylyqqa bardy. Qoghamda qauipsizdik jaghdayy kýrdelene týsti. Aqyrynda Kolumbiya ýkimeti Eskobardyng beriluine mýmkindik beretin kelisimge keldi.

1991 jylghy mausymda Pablo Eskobar biylikke tapsyryldy. Alayda búl qarapayym týrmege qamalu emes edi. Ol Medeliin manyndaghy La-Katedrali dep atalghan arnayy nysangha ornalastyryldy. Resmy týrde búl týrme bolghanymen, onyng jaghdayy kәdimgi qatang rejimdegi abaqtydan aitarlyqtay ózgeshe edi. Eskobardyng ózine jәne onyng serikterine jasalghan jaghday qoghamda ýlken pikirtalas tughyzdy.

La-Katedralidyng ereksheligi kóp úzamay anyq bayqaldy. Eskobar týrmede otyryp ta ózining qylmystyq jelisine yqpalyn jalghastyrdy degen aqparattar tarady. Memleket basshylyghy ýshin búl jaghday barghan sayyn ýlken problemagha ainaldy. Ýkimet ony basqa, qauipsizdigi joghary týrmege auystyru turaly sheshim qabyldady.

Dәl osy sheshim Eskobardyng qashuyna alyp keldi.

1992 jylghy shildede ýkimet ókilderi La-Katedraligha baryp, ony sybaylastarymen qosyp basqa týrmege auystyrugha әreket jasady. Biraq kelissózder shiyelenisip, Eskobar men onyng ainalasyndaghylar qarsylyq kórsetti. Osy sәtte týrme ishindegi baqylaudyng qanshalyqty әlsiz bolghany anyq bayqaldy.

Eskobar aqyrynda La-Katedralidan qashyp ketti. Onyng qashuy Kolumbiya ýkimetine auyr soqqy boldy. Memleket óz baqylauyndaghy arnayy nysannan eng izdeude jýrgen qylmyskerding qashyp ketkenin moyyndaugha mәjbýr boldy.

Búl oqigha halyqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng nazaryn audardy. Eskobar qaytadan erkindikte edi. Kolumbiya biyligi ony izdeudi kýsheytti. AQSh ta Kolumbiya ýkimetine qoldau kórsetti. Osylaysha Eskobardyng sonynan týsken memlekettik qúrylymdardyng júmysy jana kezenge ótti.

Qashqyn ómir Eskobar ýshin búrynghydan da qauipti boldy. Ol jasyrynugha mәjbýr boldy, al onyng ainalasyndaghy adamdardyng sany birtindep kemy týsti. Memleketke qarsy túrghan qylmystyq imperiyanyng ishki beriktigi de әlsiredi. Sonymen birge oghan qarsy әreket etetin basqa da qylmystyq toptar payda boldy.

1993 jyldyng sonynda Eskobardyng ornalasqan jeri anyqtaldy. 2 jeltoqsanda Medeliinde jýrgizilgen arnayy operasiya kezinde ol qaza tapty. Osylaysha Kolumbiyanyng eng ataqty әri eng dauly qylmystyq túlghalarynyng birining tarihy shekteldi.

Pablo Eskobardyng týrmeden qashuy – bir adamnyng qashyp qútylu oqighasy ghana dep oilamau kerek. Ol memleketting qylmystyq úiymdarmen kýresindegi әlsiz tústaryn, jemqorlyq pen sayasy qysymnyng qanshalyqty qauipti ekenin kórsetti. Eng bastysy, osy oqigha zannan tys qúrylghan biylikting osy sәtte memlekettik instituttardyng ózine qauip tóndire alatynyn anghartty.

Eskobardyng taghdyry keyin kóptegen kitaptar men filimderge, derekti jobalargha arqau boldy. Degenmen onyng ómirin tek baylyq pen shytyrman oqigha retinde qabyldau tarihy shyndyqty búrmalaydy. Onyng qylmystyq qyzmeti Kolumbiya qoghamyna auyr zardap әkeldi, myndaghan adamnyng ómirine әser etti jәne úzaq jyldargha sozylghan zorlyq-zombylyqtyng biri.

Sondyqtan La-Katedralidan qashu oqighasynyng eng manyzdy sabaghy – qylmystyq әlemning kýshi qanshalyqty ýlken kóringenimen, zang men memlekettik instituttardyng ornyn basa almaytynynda. Eskobar bir kezende týrme qabyrghalarynyng ar jaghynan da yqpalyn jýrgize aldy. Biraq uaqyt óte kele onyng imperiyasy ydyrap, ózi de qughynnan qútyla almady.

Tarih keyde eng quatty kóringen adamdardyng da uaqyt aldynda dәrmensiz ekenin kórsetedi. Pablo Eskobardyng ómiri men qashuy – osynyng aiqyn mysaldarynyng biri.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek, 

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi

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