Qazirgi tanda jalpy bilim beretin mektepterding damuynda jaghymdy ózgerister jәne oqytu men tәrbiyeleu isining útymdy jaqtary ashylyp jatqanymen, oqushylardyng jeke basynyng shygharmashylyq jaqtaryna tereng ýnile bermeymiz. Tújyrymdamada kórsetilgendey, bastauysh synyp oqushylaryna әdebiyettik oqu sabaqtarynda jazba júmystaryn orynday otyryp, tildik qúraldardy óz tәjiriybesinde paydalana biluding ghylymiy-әdistemelik joldaryn kórsetip, oiyn jýieli týrde dúrys aita jәne jaza alatynday etip ýiretu – býgingi zaman talaby. Múnyng sebebi, birinshiden, til – adam mәdeniyetinin, intellektisi men jan-jaqtylyghynyng kórsetkishi bolsa, ekinshiden, óz oiyn baylanystyryp aitu jәne jazu balanyng basqa adamdarmen erkin qarym-qatynas jasauyna mýmkindik beredi. Basqalarmen qarym-qatynastyng tartymdy, sәtti boluy adamnyng ózining oiyn qanshalyqty erkin,  tiyanaqty, jýieli týrde jetkizuine baylanysty.  Bastauysh synyp oqushylary әdebiyettik oqu sabaqtarynda jazbasha júmystardy oryndau jәne sózderdi baylanystyryp sóileuge ýirenu arqyly tilding maghynalyq, qúrylymdyq ereksheligin tanugha, kórkemdik beyneliligin úghynugha, sózdik qorynyng kenenine mýmkindik alady. Jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileu әreketinde oqushy sóilemning mәnine, maghynasyna kónil audara otyryp, oilau әreketi men payymdauy arqyly sanasynan ótkizedi de, óz oiyn baylanystyryp, jýieli jazudyng nәtiyjesinde jazbasha tildik qatynasty jýzege asyrady. Balanyng mektepke kelgenge deyingi ózi iygergen auyzsha sóileuimen salystyrghanda, tildik qatynastyng kýrdeli týri jazbasha sóileuge ýiretu belgili bir jasandy daghdy negizinde qalyptasady. Sondyqtan da búl júmys múghalim men oqushy tarapynan kóp kónil bóludi qajet etedi..

A.Baytúrsynovtyng jazugha ýiretu әdisi jayly «...sóilegende sózding jýiesin, qisynyn keltirip sóileu qanday qajet bolsa, jazghanda da sózding kestesin keltirip jazu sonday kerek....Sózding jýiesin, qisynyn keltirip jaza biluge: qay sóz qanday orynda ózgerip, qalaysha bir-birimen qicyndasyp, jalghasatyn daghdysyn bilu kerek», – dey otyryp, sóileuding jazba týrining kýrdeli ekenine kónil bólip, jazugha ýiretuge erekshe mәn berilui tiyis ekendigin aitady. Jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileu tildik tanbanyng maghynalyq tútastyghynan túratyn, tildik qatynastyng iske asuyna negiz bolatyn qatysymdyq túlgha mәtin qúru arqyly jýrgiziledi.

Songhy kezderi әdistemelik enbekterde mәtin  tek oqu jәne oqytu materialy retinde ghana emes, sóileu kezinde oidy basqagha jetkizu qúraly túrghysynan qarastyryluda. Sóileushinin  aitatyn oiy mәtin qúru arqyly jýzege asyrylatyny jónindegi oi-pikirler, zertteuler F.Sh.Orazbaevanyn, T.Ábdikәrimnin, S.R.Rahmetovanyn, N.J.Qúrmanovanyn, A.S.Qydyrshaevtyn, B.Qaliymúqashevanyn, Á.E.Júmabaevanyn, B.Qabataydyn, N.Slambekovanyn, N.Toybazarovanyng t.s.s. kóptegen ghylymiy-әdistemelik enbekterinde qarastyrylghan. Degenmen bastauysh synyp jasyndaghy balalardyng jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileuge ýiretuge baylanysty sheshimin tappaghan  mәseleler de joq emes. Bastauysh synyp oqushylarynyng әdebiyettik oqu sabaqtaryndaghy jazba júmystaryn tekseru barysynda   birqatar olqylyqtar bar ekeni bayqaldy. Mysaly:

1) oqushylardyng kópshiligi óz oiyn baylanystyryp jýieli jaza almay-tyndyghy;

2) baghdarlama, oqulyq, oqu qúraldaryndaghy oqushyny jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileu әreketin mengertuge baylanysty beriletin materialdar kólemining teoriyalyq jaghynan da, tәjiriybelik jaghynan da jetkiliksizdigi;

3) oqushynyng mәtin qúru kezinde taqyryp pen mazmúnynyng baylanysyn úghyna almaytyndyghy;

4)  mәtindegi negizgi oidy anyqtay almaytyndyghy;

5)   sóz tandau qabiletining tómendigi, bir sózdi retsiz qaytalay berui;

6) oqushynyng qúrghan mәtinindegi sóilemderining bir-birimen baylanyspauy.

Múnyng sebebi, bastauysh synypta balalargha «mәtin» jayly birqatar maghlúmat bergenimen, oqushygha ony sanaly týrde úghyndyru mәselesine kóp kónil bólinbegendikten dep oilaymyz, ekinshiden bastauysh mektepte balany belgili bir dәrejede jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileuge ýiretu dәstýrli taza jazu, kórkem jazu, kóshirip jazugha ýiretu balanyng shygharmashylyq qabiletining dengeyin kóteruge kómegin tiygizedi. Osy siyaqty olqylyqtardy esepke ala otyryp, bastauysh synyp oqushylarynyng shygharmashylyq qabiletin jazba júmystaryn oryndau arqyly  sóileuge ýiretude mәtinning maghynalyq, qúrylymdyq erekshelikteri turaly teoriyalyq bilim bere otyryp, mәtin qúru biligi men daghdysyn qalyptastyrudyng tiyimdi joldary men әdis-tәsilderin izdestiru býgingi kýnning ózekti mәselesi bolyp otyr.

Bastauysh synyp oqushylarynyng shygharmashylyq qabiletin damytu ýshin әdebiyettik oqu sabaqtarynda jazba júmystarynyng tiyimdiligi mynaday sharttar oryndalghan jaghdayda artady: eger oqushygha beriletin mәtin jayly teoriyalyq bilim men  qajetti bilik, daghdylar naqtylanyp, taqyrypqa baylanysty  mәtin qúrastyrudyng әdis-tәsilderi  sanaly týrde mengerilse, onda oqushylardyng ózindik әreketteri men shygharmashylyq qabiletining belsendiligi qamtamasyz etilip, oiyn tiyanaqty týrde  jazugha daghdylanady, óitkeni oqushyny jazbasha baylanystyryp sóileuge ýiretu әdistemesi jýieli sóileu mәdeniyeti men  logikalyq oilau qabiletin jetildiruge mýmkindik ashady. Úly Abay aqynnyng “…jan quaty әuelden kishkene ghana bolady. Eskerip baqqan adam ol quatyn zor aitady, eskerusiz qalsa, ol quattar joghalady, ne az-mәz nәrse bolmasa, ýlken eshnәrse jaramaytyn bolady. Adam iship-jep tәn quatyn ghana oilamay, jan quatyn da jetildirui ýshin qam jeui kerek”, dep tújyrymdaghanynday múghalim oqushynyng jan quatyn arttyrudyng joldaryn izdey bilgeni dúrys. Al oqushylardyng jan quatyn arttyratyn, halqymyzdyng san ghasyrlyq túrmys-tirshiliginen mәlimet beretin, últtyq mәdeniyetimizding dengeyin kórsetetin asyl qazynalarymyzdyng biri – foliklorlyq múralarymyz. Osy múralarymyzgha tereng boylaghan adam el tarihynan mol maghlúmat alady. Bir qaraghanda qiyal dýniyesi bolyp kórinetin foliklorlyq shygharmalarda halyqtyng tarihy, nanym-senimi, dýniyetanymy turaly qanshama qúndy mәlimet bar. Qarapayym, qiyal aralas kýide әsireley surettelu foliklorlyq shygharmalardyng ózindik ereksheligi bolyp tabylady. Alayda osy oqighalardyng týp negizinde jiti qaraghan adamgha ashylatyn tereng maghyna, qúpiya syr men astarly әlem jatyr.

Ertenimizdi boljap, býginimizge syn kózben qaraghan sәtimizde halyqtyng ruhyn kóterip, tilimiz ben dilimizdi saqtap qalugha kómektesetin qúraldardyng biregeyi ata-babalarymyz miras etken mәdeny iygilikter ekenin aiqyn angharamyz.  Jas úrpaqty óz elining patrioty etip tәrbiyelep shygharu, jas órkenning shabyty men darynynyng ashyluyna jaghday jasau, sonday-aq olardy bәsekege qabiletti azamat etip dayyndau – agha buynnyng basty maqsaty.  Búl maqsatqa jetu ýshin beriletin tәrbie últtyq dәstýrlerge sýienip jýrgizilui tiyis. Últtyq qúndylyq mәselesi sóz bolghanda halyqtyng san ghasyrlar boyy jinaqtaghan altyn kómbesi – halyq auyz әdebiyetine toqtalmay ótu mýmkin emes. Óitkeni «sóz qadirin – óz qadirim» dep úqqan ata-babamyz tili men diline, úrpaq tәrbiyesine qatysty kórgen-týigenderin, nasihat-ónegesin halyq auyz әdebiyeti arqyly miras etip otyrghan. Aty aityp túrghanday, halyq auyz әdebiyetining altyn sandyghy atadan balagha auyzsha jetkizilip, asyl múranyng qasiyetti kilti jatqa aitu arqyly tabys etilip keldi. Bertin kele, el ishindegi kókirek kózi ashyq sauatty azamattar búl kómbeni hatqa týsirip, ghasyrlar qoynauynda jasyrynyp qalmaudyng janasha jolyn tapty.  Qazirgi elektrondy aqparat aludyng joldary keneyip, kitap oqu jaghy kenjelep otyrghan zamanda «el qazynasy – eski sózimizdi» zamana kóshimen birge alyp jýru ýshin tom-tom kitap shygharu jetkiliksiz. Býgingi foliklortanushylardyng aldynda qúndy múralarymyzdy jastardyng sanasyna sinirtuding janasha joldaryn tabu mindetteri túr.

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