Biyl Qazaq Handyghynyng 550 jyldyghy. Osy mereytoygha baylanysty tarihiy-dramalyq teleserial kórermenge úsynylady. Basynda 20 seriya bolady dep josparlansa, keyinnen 10 seriya bolyp bekitildi... degendi Abai.kz-ten oqyp oilanyp qaldym. Taghy sol bayaghy «jaltaq» serial bolady degen ókinish ózegimdi órteydi.

Kenes odaghy ornap jetpis ýsh jyl biylik qúryp túrghanda qazaq halqy: «Kenes Odaghy ornaghan son, bolishevikterding arqasynda «bostandyq», azattyq» aldyq», – dep jazghan «asa» daryndy atalghan aqyndar, «klassiyk» jazushylar, Leninning enbekterinen «qorghaghan» akademikter, salaqúlash bayandamalar jazghan ziyalysymaqtardyng birde-bireui bizge: «Qazaq azattyqty orystan aldy» dep aitqan emes. Sondyqtan da kezinde Alash memleketining negizin qalap, alash arystary qúrghan qazaqtyng derbes әskerin sauatsyz kedey-kepshikten qúrylghan qyzyl әskerler kózin joydy. «Azamat, jýnjime, jýrme bos, Qol ústas, birigip tize qos. Tu ústap dúshpangha barayyq, Tendikting úranyn salayyq. Tizesin batyrghan zalymnan, Kýn tudy, biz tendik alayyq» degen "qyzyl súnqarlardyn" jalyndy úrandary qazaq jastarynyng sanasyn ulady. Olardyng oiynsha orys otarshylary "qazaqqa kýn sәulesin tógip, azattyq tanyn atyrdy". Qazaqtyng oqyghandaryn, bay, bi, han, súltan, moldalaryn qazaqtyng ata jauy qylyp kórsetip, "azattyqty solardan aldyq" degen týsinik qalyptastyrdy.

Qazirgi joghary synyptargha arnalghan әdebiyet oqulyqtaryn aqtaryp shyghynyzshy, ondaghy shygharmalardyng barlyghy derlik qazaq halqynyng salt-dәstýrine, dinine, qarsy mysqyldap, qazaqty qazaq qylghan asyl erlerimiz "halyqty qanaushy, tek zorlyq-zombylyq kórsetushi jauyzdar" retinde oqytylady. Mysaly, "Kókshetau" poemasynda Abylay han bastaghan batyrlar - aqymaq, nadandar delinip, ata jauymyz jonghardyng qyzy - aqylgói, dana retinde suretteledi. "Úlpan" romanynda Kenesary "qandyqol qaraqshy" bolyp beynelengen. Bilekting kýshimen, nayzanyng úshymen, kýndiz kýlki, týnde úiqy kórmey, basyn qúrbandyqqa shalyp, asty-ýsti tola baylyq, darhan dalany úrpaghyna qaldyrghan ata-babalarymyzdy qúzghyn-qarghagha tenep qorlaudan ótken sauatsyzdyq, nadandyq bolmas, sirә. Halyq Abylay men Kenesaryny batyr deydi, al әdebiyet oqulyghy "qaraqshy" deydi. Sonda oqushylar olardy qalay qabyldauy kerek? Bolashaq úrpaqty, últyna, onyng túlghalaryna kýdikpen qaraugha tәrbiyeleytin "klassikalyq" romandardy oqulyqtargha nege tyqpalay beretinine týsinbeymin. Endi osy «qaraqshylar» turaly on seriyaly filim týsirmekshi, mektepte solay oqytamyz.

23 jyldan beri Elbasynan bastap balabaqshadaghy balagha deyin «tәuelsizdigimizge bir jyl, on jyl, jiyrma ýsh jyl» boldy dep toylap kelemiz. 1731-1991 jyldar arasyndaghy Reseyge qarsy kóterilister: «1731-1918 jyldarda ómir sýrgen Patsha imperiyasy kezindegi 360 kóterilis, 1918-1991 jyldardaghy qúityrqy ataumen qúrylghan Kenes Odaghy kezindegi 1918-1931 jyly men 1986 jylghy kóterilisterding barlyghy kimge qarsy bolghan edi? Áriyne, eki imperiyany da biylegen orys últy, Yaghni, orystar bolatyn. Reseydegi orystar ózderimen soghysqandardy shvedter, mongholdar, nemister dep últymen aitady. Nege sol kezdegi memleketterding atymen atamaydy? Al, qazaqtar kimderge qarsy soghysty dese, Resey imperiyasyna nemese Kenes odaghyna qarsy deydi. Yaghni, orystargha qarsy kóterilip, orystardan tәuelsizdik aldyq dep aita almaydy. Últy joq, halqy joq memlekettermen soghysqan siyaqtymyz. Sonshalyqty «orystarmen soghystyq, orystan tәuelsizdik aldyq» dep nege aita almaymyz? Basqa memleketter men últtar aiqaylap túryp aitady. Sony aittyng dep orystar bireuine renjip, qaytadan soghysyp jatqan joq. Sonda bizdiki ne qylghan aqymaqtyq, qúldyq sana, osyghan basym jetpeydi. Resey imperiyasynyng qazaq halqyn qyrghyngha úshyratqany jayly orys jazushysy Gersen «Kolokol» deytin ataqty shagharmasynda; «Kóne ósiyet soghystary men monghol shapqynshylghy dәuirinen bergi tarihta dәl osynday jiyrenishti, qútyrghan shapqyn bolghan emes... Búl qandy oqigha bolashaqta shejirege enui tiyis», - dep jazady. Erterekte auyl aqsaqaldary aitatyn; orys basqynshylyghyna qarsy shyqqan auyldardy Resey әskerleri halqyn qyryp, mal-mýlkin tonap, kiyiz ýilerdi órtep tiri jan qaldyrmay, bosaghan jerge Reseyden orys sharualaryn әkelip ornalastyryp otyrghan. Key auyldarda qazaq erkek kindiktilerin; jana tughan nәresteden, bes jasqa deyingi er balalardy aspangha laqtyryp myltyghymen mergendikke atyp, vintovkasynyng ýshtigimen shanshyp jaryssa, bes jastan - on jasqa deyingi er balalardy kókpar qylyp tartysqan, on jastan - on beske jasqa deyingi úldardy alanqaygha qaqshityp túrghyzyp qoyyp, atpen shapqylap, qiqulap kelip, jalang qylyshpen bastaryn dopsha qaghyp týsiru - kýndelikti jattyghugha ainalghan. Qazaqtyng erkekterin joysa, qazaq últyn joyatynyn Resey әskerleri jaqsy bildi. 1921 jyly Azamat soghysy bitip el tynyshtanghansha qazaq erkekterining kózin joyyp otyrdy. Qatyn qylghan, zorlaghan, qazaqtyng qyz-kelinshekteri qazaqtyng emes, kók kóz, sary shashty, shiyki sary orys tektes balalardy myndap kóbeytti. «Deneme kәpir tiyip, arymdy bylghady» dep qazaqtyng qansha adal qyzdary ózderine qol júmsasa, zorlanghan birazy «jaudan» bala tughanda olardy óz qoldarymen óltirip otyrghan...

Abaydan bastap, keshegi qazaq sovet әdebiyetining negizin qalaghan klassik jazushylar men qyp-qyzyl aqyndar; «Jana zamannyng ónerin, ghylym-bilimin mengeru ýshin eng әueli orys tilin ýirenu, orys hatyna jetigu kerek. Qazaqtar sonda ghana aldynghy qatarly júrttarmen terezesi teng halyqqa ainalmaq, sonda ghana týnekten shyqpaq. Sondyqtan da qazaq ziyalylary orys atyn jatyrqamaugha, orys mәdeniyetinen nәr alyp, orys ghylymymen qanyghugha sol arqyly adamzat qoly jetken barlyq ruhany jәne materialdyq baylyq biyligine kóterilemiz» dep shaqyrdy. Al, qane jetken jetistigimiz? Kerisinshe, orystan bostandyq alghanda bilim-ghylymynyng shynyna, әlemdik mәdeniyetti mengergen últ emes, eng mesheu qalghan shala sauatty, tilin, dinin, mәdeniyetin, óz últyn ózi joyyp jatqan el ekenimizdi biraq bilgen joqpyz ba? Kerek desen, bilim, ghylym, tehnologiyany bylay qoyyp, jóni týzu baspana da sala almaydy ekenbiz. Qazaqtar oryssha oqyp, bilim-ghylym mengergen bolsa Elbasy milliondaghan dollar shyghyndap, «Bolashaq» baghdarlamasymen shetelge jastardy oqytyp aq ter, kók ter bolyp әlek bolmas edi. Qay ghasyrda bolsyn orystar eshqashan damyghan, sauatty memleket bolghan emes. Kedendik odaqqa, Reseyge qosylu arqyly taghy da әlemdik damudyng sonyna qalatyn týrimiz bar. Tarihshylarymyz - qorqaq, rejiyserlarymyz – jaltaq, biylik basyndaghylar – qaltaq, sayasatymyz – saltaq, basqaru jýiemiz ben mәdeniyetsymaghymyzdy orys jýrgizip otyr. Qazaq tәuelsizdigine baylanysty, qazaq batyrlary jóninde kórkem shygharma nemese kórkem filim týsirse, ainaldyrghan «ata jauymyz» - bir jongharymyz bar. Sonda qazaqtyng jonghardan basqa jauy bolmaghan ba? Ol ózi ertek siyaqty. Óitkeni, qazirgi tanda jonghar deytin memleket te, onday halyq ta joq. Sondyqtan oqushylar, jastar jongharlar jóninde aitqan patriottyq әngimelerimiz ben filimderimizge Grekiyanyng nemese ejelgi Rimning mifologiyalyq anyzdary siyaqty nemqúraydy qaraydy. Eshqanday patriottyqqa elin, halqyn sýige tәrbiyelemeydi. Reseydegi orystar «9 mamyr jenis kýni» dep, «Nemis basqynshylary jaularymyz, nemis, friys, fashist» dep әlemdegi eng jaman sózderimen qorlap, masqaralap, kórkem filimderinde eng aqymaq, topas qylyp kórsetse de Germaniya memleketi olarmen úryspay-aq zkonomikalyq, mәdeni, dostyq, yntymaqtystyqta qarym-qatynas ornatyp aralaryna syzat týspeydi. Al bizding tarihshylarmyz ben sayasatshylarymyz Reseyge qosylghaly tek qyrylyp-joyylumen, әlem órkeniyetinen, әlemdik ghylym, bilimnen artta kele jatqanymyzdy bilse de, shyndyqty aityp, rejisserlarymyz filim etip týsirer týri joq. Kerisinshe, qazaqty qorlap otbasyn oirandaytyn maskýnem әke, әielder men maldy zorlaytyn bala, jezókshe qyzdar men ashyna әielder turaly filim týsirgende aldaryna jan salmaydy.

1901 –1910 jyldary Resey imperiyasy Stolypinning reformasyna oray «óz erkimen» qosylghan qazaq halqyn shúrayly jerinen quyp, qyzyn qatyn, әielderin kýn, balasyn qúl etti. Qarsylasqanyn atty, týrmege jauyp, qazaqtan tazartylghan shúrayly jerine ishki Reseyden orys mújyqtaryn taraqanday qaptatty. 1916 kóteriliste, 1918-1920 jyldary aq pen qyzylgha bólip, azamat soghysynda milliongha juyghyn qyrdy. 1921–1923 jyldary bir jarym millionyn ashtan óltirdi. 1927–1929 baylardy kәmpeskeleu, atu, asu. 1930-1931 j. Alash arystaryn qamady, atty. 1932-1933 j. ýsh million qazaqty ashtan qyryp, kómusiz qaldy. 1937 – 1939 j. alpys alty myng bas kóterer sauattylaryn «halyq jauy» dep kózin qúrtty. 1941 –1945 j. Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghysty «Úly Otan soghysy» dep taghy ýsh jýz mynyn opat qyldy. 1951 –1953 j. taghy repressiya. 1955-61 jyldar «tyng iygeru» degen qarghys atqyr nauqanmen qanghyp kelgen, әdeyi týrmeden bosatylghan 900 myng tóremshikterding qolynan qansha qazaqtyng qyzy zorlanyp, qansha asyl analarymyzdyng ary taptalyp, qazaqtyng jeti jýz mektebin jauyp, aibyndy erlerimizding qanshasy «búzaqylardyn» qolynan qaytys bolghany belgisiz. 1979 – 1989 j. Qazaq ýshin bir tiyn qúny joq «Aughan soghysynda» nar jigitter sheyit boldy. 1961 – 1984 j. Qazaq jappay ishkilikke salynyp, meshitter búzylyp, el dinsizdenip, dilsizdenip, qazaq tilin arnayy týrde joyyp, últtyq ruhynan aiyrylyp esengirep qaldy. 1986 –1987 j. bas kótergen qazaq jastaryn qangha boyap, sottady, týrmelerge tyghyp óltirdi. 1989-1990 j. Janaózen jastaryn janshydy. Qarap otyrsanyz, arasyn úzatpay, ýnemi qazaq halqyn joyyp otyrghan. Tóbe shashyng tik túryp, jýreging jarylyp ketetin, myndaghan filimderge arqau bolatyn, jantýrshigerlik súmdyq oqighalar emes pe? Osylardy әshkerelep filim týsirse, qazaq halqynyng Resey imperiyasy aldynda ezilip qalghan ensesin kóterer edi.

Toghaybay NÚRMÚRATÚLY,

Bilim jәne ghylym ministrligi Qúrmet gramotasynyng iyegeri.

Abai.kz