Latyn әripi últtyq sananyng oyanu tetigi
Áueli latyn әlipbii turaly týsinik berip óteyik. Qaydan shyqty? Tariyhqa ýnilsek b.z.b. VII ghasyrda (Orhon jazuy payda bolmay túryp) Rim imperiyasy túsynda 20 әripten qúralghan grek-etrus (qazirgi Italiya jerinde ómir sýrgen halyq) dybystaryn belgileytin tanbalar payda bolyp, zamanymyzdyng I ghasyrynda (Isa payghambar zamanynda) qoldanyla bastady. Evalusiya talabyna say týrli halyqqa taraluyna baylanysty orta ghasyrlarda (VIII-XV ghasyr) әripter sany tolyqtyrylyp, qayta órkendeu dәuirinde (XIV-XVII) býgingi 25 (26) qaripten túratyn latyn әlipbii tolyq qalyptasyp bitti. Ári qaray IX ghasyr kiril әripining alghashqy payda bola bastaghan kezeni, (XI ghasyr Rim shirkeuining ekige bólinuimen búl әripter slavyan halyqtarynyng arasynda keninen tarady) shyghys shirkeui (Pravoslaviye) ghúrypyn slavyan tilinde jýrgizui maqsatynda kiyeli diny kitaptardy grek tilinen tәrjimalap jazyp shyghuy ýshin jana әripter Vizantiya imperatorynyng tapsyrmasymen grek alfaviytin negizge ala otyryp Kiril men Mefodiy tarapynan oilap shygharyldy. Búl әripter slavyandardyng arasyna keninen tarap etnikalyq erekshelikterine say iykemdelip otyrdy.
Býgingi Orys alfaviyti (1918 jyly bekitilip 1942 jyly qabyldandy) Kiril әripterining orys últyna arnalghan birghana núsqasy jәne dybystaluy men tanbalanuynda negizgi Kiril әlipbiyinen erekshelikteri bar.
Dәl qazirgi kezde biz qoldanyp jýrgen Kiril әripteri Orys әlipbiyining negizinde jasalghan. (tariyhqa ýnilip derekterdi jazgham joq, ony sizderde bilip otyrghan shagharsyzdar)
Endigi mәsele Elbasynyng latyn qaripine kóshui turaly keremet iydeyany jýzege asyru barysynda úsynylghan latyn әlipbiyining birneshe núsqasy qoghamgha úsynylyp, talqygha týsip jatyr. (Qarip auystyru degen onay әri, qatelessek basqasyna auystyra salatyn jenil nәrse emes) Asyqpay saralap, til bilimi men jahandyq qúbylysty zerdeley otyryp qabyldaghanymyz jón. Qay núsqasyn tandaymyz? 1929 jyly týrki júrty (Týrkiya emes týrki júrty onyng ishinde bizde barmyz) qabyldaghan latyn núsqasy ma (qazirgi Týrkiya, Ázirbayjan ,Týrkimeniya óz aralarynda tildik erekshelikterine baylanysty tanbalyq erekshelikteri bar) әlde Ózbekstan sekildi ózimiz qúrap shyghamyzba?
Eger( latyn әripining týrkilik núsqasyn) ýtirli, nýkteli әripteri bar әlipbiydi qabyl etsek bizding tildik dybystaluymyzgha say Á,Ú,Ý, I, Q, Gh, NG jәne t.b әripterding balamasy retinde jana әripterdi kez kelgen aqparattyq tehnika qúraldaryna engizuge mәjbýr bolamyz. Uaqyt jәne qarjylyq jaghynan búl bizge tiyimsiz keledi.
Dúrysy latyn әripindegi 26 әripten qazaq tilindegi barlyq dybystardy shygharghanymyz әldeqayda tiyimdi bolmaq.
| Qazaq tiline tәn 30 tanba belgilendi jәne dybystaldy.
(«H» әripining óte az qoldanyluyna oray alynyp tastaldy) |
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| A - A (a)
A`- Á (ә) B - B (by) C - J (jy) D - D (dy) E - E (e) F - F (fy) G - G (gy) |
H - Gh (ghy)
I - I (i) J - Y (iy) K - K (ki) L - L (ly) M - M (my) N - N (ny) N` - NG (yn) |
O - O (o)
O` - Ó (ó) P - P (py) Q - Q (qy) R - R (ry) S - S (sy) Sh - Sh (shy) T - T (ty) |
U - Ú (ú)
V - Ý (ý) W - U (u) X – H (hy) Ý - Y (y) Z - Z (zy) |
| Alynyp tastalghan әripter | |||
| H, S, V, E-IYo, IY, Ya, IY, E, Sh, Ch, , | |||
Kórsetilgen latyn әripteri kez kelgen jazba qúraldarynda, tehnikalyq qúraldarda, jәne taghy basqa aqparattandyrylatyn barlyq jabdyqtarda engizilgeni belgili. Toqtausyz ózgerip otyrghan jahandyq qúbylysty eskere otyryp ózimizge tiyimdi tústaryn paydalanghanymyz dúrys bolar edi.
Marat Erjigitov
Abai.kz
