Ruhany janghyru hәm Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten
«Ruhany janghyru: Bolashaqqa baghdar» atty Elbasymyzdyng últtyq baghdarlamasyna sәikes, últtyq mýdde túrghysynan birinshi Alla dep, ekinshi «Ghayyp Eren qyryq shiltender» jayly zertteu enbegimdi Sizderding nazarlarynyzgha úsynghandy jón kórdim:
Kýni býgingi deyin әlem tarihshylarynyng da, qazaq tarihshylarynyng da mәni men maghynasy jóninde bir toqtamgha kele almay jýrgen sózi - Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten. Ángimemizding basyn solardyng sózinen bastayyq:
1. «Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten – arabtyn, kóne týrkining jәne parsynyng sózderinen qúralghan
ghajap tirkes. Arabtyng «ghayyby» «joq bolyp ketu», «kózden tasalanu» degen maghynalarda júmsalady. «Shilten» parsy tilinde «qyryq tәn nemese qyryq dene» degen úghymdy bildiredi. Búghan qosa, mynaday da diny joramaldar bar. Jalpy, әuliyelikting jeti satysy bar. Onyng eng jogharghysy – qútyp, ekinshi satysy – әruaquli muqaddas, ýshinshi satysy – Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten bolyp sanalady. Qyryq shiltenning qúramynda qyryq әulie bolady. Áuliyelerding úlyqtary Ghayyp Eren qyryq shiltenmen birigip, Jaratqandy úlyqtap namaz oqidy eken» (Uikiypediya).
Uәj: Qazaqtyng Atam zamannan bergi kýndelikti qoldanysta jýrgen óz sózderin óziniki dep, aitugha da bilimderi jetpegen. Sizderden eshkim búl sózderding parsysha, arabsha audarmasyn súraghan joq. Olay bolsa, qazaqtyng barlyq kiyeli sózderining audarmasyn berinizder?
2. «Kóshpeli halyqtardyng batyrlary pir tútyp, syiynatyn islamgha deyingi kóne ruhtardyn
biri - Ghayyp eren, qyryq shilten. Kóne nanym boyynsha kózge kórinbeytin, shilten dep atalatyn qyryq nókeri bar adamdargha kómektesip jýretin ruh» (Uikiypediya — ashyq ensiklopediyasynan).
Uәj: Úly Atalarymyzdyng ruhy (aruaghy) dep ataugha bilimderi jetpegen.
3. «Ghayyp eren - músylmandar arasynda sopylyq ilim yqpalymen taraghan týsinik boyynsha, erekshe qasiyetterge qol jetkizgen әuliyeler. Qazaq foliklorynyng keyipkerleri әdette Qúdaymen qosa "Ghayyp eren, qyryq shilten", "Ghausyl- ghias", t.b. әuliye-pirlerdi ruhany kómekke shaqyrady. Mysaly, "Alpamys batyr" eposynda әuliyelerding keremeti
"Sol uaqytta batyrgha,
Atsa, myltyq ótpedi,
Shapsa, qylysh kespedi —
Ghayyp eren, qyryq shilten,
Qoltyqtan sýiep, demedi" dep jyrlanady. Búl týsinikting týp-tórkini sopylyq ilimde jatyr. Ol boyynsha dýniyede әuliyeler iyerarhiyasy bar. Solar arqyly Alla taghala jer betine biylik jýrgizip, adamzatty jetildiruge yqpal etip otyrady. Olar ruhany biylikke kóterilip, qúpiya zandylyqty iygergen. Áuliyelerding әr tobynyng óz qyzmeti, tapsyrmasy bolady. Ghayyp erenge jatatyn әuliyeler kóbinese ózderining qúpiyalaryn kópshilikten jasyryn ústaydy. Ghayyp erenning negizgi sipaty jәne maqsaty — janashyrlyq tanytyp, adamdargha әrqashan kómekke kelu, ruhany jolgha týskenderge jol siltep, bata beru, jolaushygha, qysylghan adamgha qol úshyn beru, t.b. Qydyr (Hizr) da Ghayyp erenge, onyng ishindegi qyryq shiltenge (abdal) jatady. Qazaqta "qyryqtyng biri - Qydyr" degen sóz bar. Qydyr - qyryq shiltendi basqaratyn keyipker boluy da mýmkin. Búqaralyq sanada búl týsinik óndelip, kórkemdik qiyalgha úlasyp jatatynyna qaramastan, islam oishyldary (mys.: ibn Arabi) Ghayyp eren iydeyasyn jokqa shygharmaghan» (Uikiypediya — ashyq ensiklopediyasynan).
4. «Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten diny – kózge kórinbey kelip, qysylghan shaqta demeu beretin pir» (Qazaq tilining týsindirme sózdigi).
5. «Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten - dini. Músylmandardy jebep, qoldap jýretin, kózge kórinbeytin kiyeli beyneler» (I. Kenesbaev. «Frazeologiyalyq sózdik» 177 bet).
6. «Qyzyr, Iliyas, Qyryq shilten. Balama mening nazar sal. (Qyz Jibek).
7. «Áulie aruaq kóterip, Ghayyp eren, qyryq shilten qorghasyn» (Bata).
8. «Ghayyp eren - Qyryq shiltenning bireui dep,
Keng oily kemengerler mejegen-di» (Shonbay Júbanúly).
9. «Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten» turaly әngimeler qúpiya qúbylystardyng biri (Á. Qabaev).
Uәj: Ata-babamyzdyng shynayy tarihyn sopylyq ilim túrghysynan zerttegen jandargha eshqanday qúpiyasy joq.
10. «Ghayyp eren qyryq shiltenning tikeley ómirge keluine әl-Farabiyding teteles zamandasy arabtyng asa kórnekti ghúlamasy әl-Gazaly sebepshi bolypty: «Ghayyp eren – (ghayyp iyren) maghynasy, shyghu tarihy tipti kýngirt. Ol on ýsh-on tórt jasynda Indiyadan arab elderine bilim izdep shyghady. Ákesi bir soghys kezinde Indiyagha qashyp barghan arab eken. Arabiyany óz otanym dep esepteydi. Jolda kerueni qyryq qaraqshygha jolyghady. Aqsha talap etedi. Keruendegiler aqshasyn jasyrady, әl-Gazaly bir tiynyn qaldyrmay, qaltasynan shygharyp beredi. Tanyrqap sebebin súraydy. Anam: «Qúdaydan qoryq, adam balasyna qiyanat jasama, ótirik aitpa, adaldan mal tap» – degen. «Ósiyetin oryndap túrmyn» – deydi. Búl sóz qaraqshylargha qatty әser etedi. «Myna qarshaday bala tegin bolmauy kerek. Biz qúdaydan qoryqpaymyz, adamdargha qiyanat jasaymyz, ómir boyy ótirik aityp, aramnan mal tauyp jýrmiz. Kishkentay bala qúrly bola almadyq-au» – dep, ózara kýnkildesedi. Bәri aqyldasa kelip, әl-Gazaliyden bata súraydy. Batasy qolma-qol qabyl bolady. Keruendegilerding kóz aldynda әlgi qaraqshylar qús siyaqty pyr etip úshyp ketedi. Sodan bastap «ghayyp eren qyryq shilten» atanady. Oqighanyng bolghanyna myng jyl tola qoyghan joq» («Jas alash» gazeti 1991. 21 jeltoqsan).
Uәj: Birinshiden, Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenderding dýniyege kelui Ál-Faraby (870-950) zamanynan san myndaghan jyldar әri de bolghan. Sebebi, eng kóne jyrlar: qazaqtyng «Alpamys batyr», qyrghyzdyn «Manas» jyrynda Qyryq Shiltenderding batyrlardy ýnemi qoldap jýretinderi aitylady.
Ekinshiden, «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shilten» atauynyng búlay dýniyege kelui esh aqylgha simaydy.
11. «Ghayyp iyren» – jabayy ang degen úghymdy bildiredi. Keyin osy pikirin anyqtap qayberen (qayyp eren) qabannan basqa eti jeuge keletin jabayy andardyng jalpy atauy. ...Shilten – sanadan tysqary kýshke iye, kózge kórinbey adamdar arasynda ómir sýretin tirshilik iyesi» (K.K. Yudahiyn. Sovetskiy turkolog, doktor fiyl. nauk, akademiyk. «Kirgizcha-oruscha sózluk», Frunze, 1965, str. 960; [140, b.171-176]).
Uәj: Netken «daryn», netken «bilimdilik» desenizshi! Úly Atalarymyzdyng aruaghyn jabayy andargha telip jibergen. Adam da sana bolatynynyn, anda sana bolmaytynynyn da ajyratugha aqyly jetpegen.
12. «Qyrghyz tilinde «qyryq shilten» («chilten» parsy sózi; maghynasy-kózge kórinbeytin maqúlyq») degen sóz bar; bú da diny úghymmen baylanysty shyqqan sóz: «adamdardyng arasynda kózge kórinbey jýretin iri alyp maqúlyq» (I.Kenesbaev, filologiya ghylymynyng doktory, professor).
Uәj: K.K.ngdahinnen de asyp týsip, «Qyryq Shiltendi» parsygha telip, atalarymyzdyng aruaghynyng atyna «maqúlyq» degen qazaqtaghy eng jaman qorlau sózdi qoldanyp otyr. Olay bolsa qazaq sózderining bәrin qoldanystan shygharyp, qazaqtyng barlyq kiyeli sózderining audarmasyn ghana qoldanu kerek bolatynyna bilimi jetpegen.
13. «Shilten parsy tilinen engen sóz, ol eki týbirden qúrylghan shil – ten. Shil parsy tilinde chil týrinde aitylyp, «qyryq» degen úghymdy bildiredi. Ten ton bolyp aitylghan, qazaq tilinde dara júmsalghanda tәn qalpynda aitylady, parsylarda chilton (qyryq tәn) «kórinbeytin qyryq qoldaushy» retinde týsindiriledi. (Z.H. Gulamov. Chil suzinning kuldonishy va maghynalary//Uzbek chevalary leksikasy. Toshkent, 1966).
Uәj: Búl jerde Bizge ózbek ghalymynyng tújyrymyn basshylyqqa alugha mýldem bolmaydy. Sebebi, olardyng búl sózderdi parsy tilinen alulary әbden mýmkin. Ózbek tili bizden góri parsygha jaqyn til.
14. «Tórt týlikting piri - saqtaushy kiyesi retinde halyq úghymynda Oisyl qara, Qambar ata, Jylqyshy ata, Shekshek ata, Shopan ata, Zengi baba ataludan tys, adamdar ýshin batyrlar piri – Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten, qút-bereke piri – Qydyr, temir ústanyng piri – Dәuit, qayyqshynyng piri – Ýbbi, oshaq iyesi – Ot ana, besik piri – Úmay ana, erkekter piri – Zәkәriya, әielder piri – Biybi Bәtima t.b ataular bolady» (Uikiypediya — ashyq ensiklopediyasynan alynghan mәlimet).
Sóz reti kelgesin aita keteyin. Berilgen týsinik qate. Pir – degen sózding týpki maghynasy tek qana «saqtaushy kiye» emes, birinshi ýiretushi ústaz (atasy) degen maghyna beredi, yaghny býgingishe aitqanda «avtor». Pir menen Bir sinoniym. Bir – birinshi, Pir – birinshi ýiretushi ústaz.
15. «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shilten – týrki tildes halyqtardyng birqatarynyng auyz әdebiyetinde kezdesetin júmbaq keyipker». (Nazarbek Bayjigitov).
Uәj: Sopylyq ilimdi zerttegen jәne Ana tilimizding qoldanu ayasyn biletin jandargha búl jerde eshqanday júmbaq joq.
16. «Eren ghayyp qyryq shilten - músylman týrkiler (qazaq, ózbek, qaraqalpaq, qyrghyz, t.b. mifologiyasyndaghy kózge kórinbeytin, ruh sipatyna iye tiri pendeler (pirler). Qalyptasqan anyqtama boyynsha, olar ghalamdy biyleytin 40 qúdiretti әuliye. Múndaghy"ghayyp" sózi "kózge kórinbeytin" degendi, "shilten" (parsy tilindegi chil - "kyryq", ton -"tiri pende") "qyryq jan/pende" degendi bildiredi, osy sóz týrki tilindegi "qyryq" sózi arqyly qaytalanady ("qyryq shilten"). Al "eren" sózining parsylyq emes, týrkilik qaynary jónindegi әngimemiz bólek (aldaghy maqalalardyng birinde qarastyratyn bolamyn). Ázirge osy "shiltender" beynesining ishki iyerarhiyasy haqyndaghy qalyptasqan týsinikter turaly ghana aitar bolsam, sopylyq mifologiyadaghy "iyrender" kórinbeytin ruhtar birneshe saty-dәrejede kórsetilgen: tómengi satyny (qatardy) "shiltender" qúraydy, olardan joghary satyda "paftan" delinetin jeti ruh, olardan jogharyrak satyda "estan" dep atalatyn ýsh ruh, eng jogharyda - "gaus" dep atalatyn jalghyz ruh bolady. "Qyz Jibek" eposyndaghy:
Jazatayym sýrinse,
Ghauys, ghayas, qyryq shilten,
Bahautdiyn, qolyna al, - degen joldardaghy "ghauys" pen "qyryq shilten" - osy erender (iyrender) iyerarhiyasynyng jogharghy jәne tómengi satylarynyng keyipkerleri bolyp tabylady. Búl ýsh iyerarhiyalyq saty qisyny boyynsha, shiltenderding jeti satylyq iyerarhiyasy da bar, olar: 1) Qútb (bireu), 2) Ghauys (ýsheu), 3) Abdal (jeteu), 4) Autat (qyryq), 5) Núhiba, 6) Nudjiba, 7) Aruah ul-Muhaddas. Tek osylardyng (shilten, paftan, estan, gaus, kútb, t.b.) barlyghynyng da "iyren" dep ataluyn parsylyq "yaran" sózimen baylanystyrudyng jóni joq siyaqty; baylanystyryla qalghannyng ózinde de búl - ekinshi, tuyndy týsinik bolmaq; "eren" beynesinin týpki negizi týrkilerde jatyr "Qútb" sózining polus atauy ekendigin eskersek, onyng kindik nýktenin, yaghny Núr búlaghynyng atauy boluy týsinikti bolyp shyghady, sondyqtan ekinshi núsqany dúrysyraq-au dep topshylaugha bolady. Al jalpy sopylyq miftik beynenin óz sipaty qanday? Erenderding iyerarhiyasynyng boluy, olardyn kózge kórinbeui, epostyq qaharmandargha qoldau kórsetip, qamqorlyq jasauy olardy "Ilki Tór" keltirimimen baylanysty ete alady. Yaghny bizder, taghy da – Ilki Tórdi (nemese Tóretamdy) kýzetetin, qorityn, onyn erkin (doktrinasyn) adamzat arasynan shyqqan tandauly pendelerge jetkizip túratyn qorushylardy (hraniyteli) kórip otyrmyz. Búl túrghyda, Qútb - Ilki Tórding (Tóretamnyn) bas qorushysy nemese iyesi bolyp shyghady, ol Ilki Tórdin óz kindigin, bastauyn simvolday alady. Al ghauystar, abdaldar, autattar nemese estandar, paftandar, shiltender tiyisinshe, birinshi (ishki), ekinshi (ortanghy), ýshinshi (syrtky) qorshaudy (sharbaqty, qaqpany) kýzetushi qorushylar. Shiltender – erenderge qaraghanda eng jaqyn ornalasqan bolyp shyghady da, adamdarmen qarym-qatynas ornatu qyzmeti kóbine kóp osylardyng sybaghasyna tiyedi. Shiltenderding adam keypine (kóbinese kedeydin, ainaladaghy júrt "sorly", "bishara", "paqyr" dep eseptegen pende keypine) enip, adamdardyng arasynda ómir sýre aluy da, eger olardyng bireui óle qalsa (?), onyng ornyna layyqty adamdardyng birin saylauy turaly týsinikter de shiltenderding "shekaralyq ornalasuyna" baylanysty. Bastapqy "Kishi jýz" úghymynyng jay-japsary da osy shiltendermen qaraylas. Shiltender, mәselen qazaqtar men ózbekterding týsinigi boyynsha, adamdar bara almaytyn, yaghny búl jalghannyng pendesi ýshin joly jabyq, teniz ortasyndaghy aralda ómir sýredi. Múnyng ózi "Ilki Tóp" sekildi ornalasqan jabyq kenistikti nemese nysandy kórsetedi, "Qobylandy" jyrynyng bir núsqasyndaghy "tórtkýl" dep "teniz/dariya ortasyndaghy araldy" eseptegendigin eske týsirsek, osyndaghy araldyng da is jýzinde tórtkýl, yaghny kvadrat (sharshy) pishindi kenistik ekendigin topshylaugha bolady. Búl jerde de "ýsh qiyan", "ýsh sharbaqty kent", "ýsh jýz" sekildi kenistikti kóruge bolady (S.Qondybay «Ghayyp Eren, Qyryq Shilten»).
Uәj: Sóz joq. Maqala da «Ghayyp Eren qyryq Shilten» atauynyng sopylyq ilimge qatystylyghy tiyanaqty zerttelgen. Ghalymnyng tek qana qazaqtyng shilde (qyryq kýn shilde) degen sózinen tuyndaghan Shiltendi parsygha aparyp teligenine esh kelisuge bolmaydy. Sebebi, qazaqtyng tauyghy parsydan búryn shaqyrghan.
17. «Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten sózi bir emes ýsh tilden qúralghan tirkes. Atap aitar bolsaq, «ghayyp» arab tilinen alynghan «joq bolu», «kózden tasa bolu» degen maghynada, «eren» sózi kóne týrki tilinen alynghan «er» sózi, al «shilten» bolsa, parsy tilinen audarghanda «qyryq tәn nemese qyryq dene» degen úghymgha sayady». (http://el.kz/kz/news/tugan-zher/gaiip_eren_kirik_shilte).
Uәj: Sonda qalay? Qazaq-qazaq bolghaly beri ózderi sóz jasay almay, tek qana kórshi elder sózining audarmasyn qoldanyp kelgen be? Olay bolsa, әlemdegi eng sózdik qory kóp qazaqtyng Ana tili qaydan shyqty? Olardyng sózdik qory sonshalyqty bay bolsa, nege qazaqtar emin-erkin qoldanatyn aqyndar aitysyn mengere almaghan? Demek, bәri kerisinshe bolghan.
Osy bir saryndas óz sózimizdi ózgege teligen tizimdi әli de kóptep jalghastyra beruge әbden bolady.
«Ghayyp Eren Qyryq shilten» jayly qazirgi tarihshylardyng zertteu qorytyndylary men týsinikterining úzyn yrghasy osynday.
Jalpy qazaqtyng sózdik qorynda qazirgi úrpaq maghynasyn tolyq týsine bermeytin osynday sóz tirkesteri barshylyq. Mysaly, «Baba Týkti Shashty Áziz», «Qalyng Arbat», «Qargha boyly Qaz Tughan», «Kerqúla atty Kendebay», «Qara qasqa atty Qambar bek» t.t.
Keliniz! Ana tilimizding qoldanu ayasyna say birge saraptama jasap kórelik:
- Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shilten» bir adamnyng aty emes, jiyntyq esim jәne barlyghy da taza qazaqy sózder. Dәlel me? Tyndap kóriniz?
Qazaq dalasyndaghy eng kóne jyr «Alpamys batyr» dastany. Jyrdyng saryny, ondaghy oqighalar jelisi, jer-su men adam attary zer salyp oqyghan jandy myndaghan jyldar әridegi Qazaq dalasynyng bir púshpaghy «360 әuliyeli Kiyeli Manghystaugha» jeteleydi. Ángimemizdi osy jyrmen bastayyq:
Alghashqyda asyp-sasqanmen, әp sәtte es jiyp ýlgergen qalmaq qoly jauynyng jalghyz ekenin kórip, sadaqpen atyp almaq bolghan. Sol niyetpen tús-tústan atylghan myng san jebe kýnning kózin kórsetpey jiberdi. Ghajaptyng keremeti osy sәt kóringen. Janaghy myng san jebe janbyrday jauyp, Alpamysqa shyp-shyp tiygenimen, denesine syzat ta týsire almastan keyin sharpydy. Múnyng syry — Alpamys batyr kәmil pirlerge syiynyp jaugha jalghyz úmtylghanda, Ghayyp-eren qyryq shiltender tiri jangha kórinbey kelip, jas batyrdy qorghauyna alghan edi.
«Qalmaqtar atqan qalyng oq
Janbyrday bolyp tiyedi.
Eti týgil balanyn
Terisine kirmedi
Ghayyp-eren qyryq shilten.
Balany qoldap demedi.
Múnday jaghday jyrdyng birneshe jerinde qaytalanady.
...Ghayyp-eren, qyryq shilten
Qylyshty qoldan qaghady.
...Ghayyp-eren qyryq shilten
Balany jolda ústady.
...Ghayyp-eren qyryq shilten,
Kóterdi jerden qaughalap.
...Ghayyp-eren pirlerim,
Búl bәleden ózing qaq» (Alpamys batyr). Mine osylaysha, jyrdyng ón boyynda Alpamys batyr Ghayyp-Eren Qyryq Shilten – pirlerge jalbarynyp kómek súraydy. Pirleri Alpamysty ýnemi qamqorlyghyna alyp jýredi. Demek, «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltennin» bastauy beride emes, óte әride jatyr. Osynyng ózi-aq «Ghayypty» arabqa, «Shiltendi» parsygha, «Erendi» kóne týrki tiline telip jýrgenderding tújyrymyn týgeldey joqqa shygharady. Áyteuir abyroy bolghanda, qazaqtyng «qyryq» degen sózine bóten ie taba almapty.
Endi osy sóz tizbekterindegi әr sózge arnayy saraptama jasayyq:
Ghayyp – ghayyp boldy, kózden ghayyp boldy. Joq boldy, ýshti-kýili joghaldy. Men de dayyn túramyn, - deydi de, ghayyp bolady («Qaz. Ertegileri»).
Ghayyp – joq, jasyryn, qiyali, boljaldy is. Ghayyptan – qapelimde, kenetten (Ghayyp boldy – úshty-kýili joq boldy). (Qazaq tilining týsindirme sózdigi).
«Ghayyp, ghayyp bolu, ghayypana (diniy), ghayyppir (diniy). (Orfografiyalyq sózdik).
«Didar ghayyp, Ajal ghayyp, Qonaq ta,
Ýsh ghayyp bar ómir degen jolaqta» (Ótegen Oralbayúly «Tanghy samal tәnirinning sәlemi»). Ýsheui de oilamaghan, kýtpegen jerden keledi.
«Boljaytúghyn ghayyptan jeti kóz joq» (M.J.Kópeev).
«Ghayyp» arab tilinen tәrjimalaghanda «joq bolyp ketu», «kózden tasalanu» degen maghyna beredi». (A. Músabekqyzy).
Uәj: «Ghayyp» qazaq tilining qoldanysynda ejelden bar sóz. Ony ózge tilden tәrjimalaudyng týkke de qajeti joq.
«Ghayyptan tuu motiyvi. Álemdik foliklordyng sujetine ken, tereng ornyqqan motivterding biri – keyipkerding ghayyptan tuuy. Ghayyptan tuu motiyvi barlyq foliklorlyq qaharmannyng ghúmyrnamalyq bayanynda túraqty oryn alyp, kóne mifterde, diny әpsanalarda, batyrlyq jәne ghashyqtyq jyrlarda, ertegilerde, anyzdarda da kezdesedi.
Ghayyptan tuu motiyvindegi kóne týsinikter qaharmannyng jay qarapayym kisilerden tegi bólek jan ekenin kórsetuge úmtylsa, feodaldyq qogham túsynda somdalghan qaharmandardyng beynesinde taptyq qoghamda biylik ýshin jýrgen sayasy talas-tartystyn, kýresting shyndyghy kórkem beynelengen. Búl kórinisterge halyqtyng tegi asyl, әdiletti biyleushiden ýlken jaqsy ister kýtken arman-ansarlary ornyqqan (A.A.Ábsadyqov).
Uәj: Ghayyptan tuu motiyvin býkil әlemdik foliklor moyyndaghan bolsa, onda onyng solay bolghany. Sebebi, jalghan sózdi eshkimge zorlap, tanyp moyyndata almaymyz. «Ótirik órge jýzbeydi».
«Parsylyq ghayybana qazaq tilining zandylyghyna beyimdelgen, birneshe varianty bolghangha úqsaydy: qaybana, qaymana, qayuana, ghayyp «belgisiz, joq jerden payda bolu» y formy narechiya – ano. Ghayyp – qazaqta jeke dara qoldanylady: ghayyptan payda bolu, Ghayyp – eren, Qyryq shilten – «anyzdyq túlgha» dәm ghayyp, didar-ghayyp – «as penen dostardyng kýtpegen jerden aldynnan shyghuy jәne basqalar. Demek, Bizding búl sózderdi týsinbey jýrgen sebebimiz, ghayybana parsy tilinen kirip, eki jәne odan da kóp núsqalaryna ainalyp ketken: qaybana, qaymana, qayuana jәne t.b.» (Á.T.Qaydar, akademiyk).
Uәj: Qazaqtyn Qaybana, Qaymana, Qayuana, Ghayyp (Qayyp) degen sózderining tegin parsydan emes, qazaq últynyng negizin qalaghan kóne rulardyng biri Qayy (Qanly), Saq (Jay Saq), Qassaq (Naghyz Saq), Qas batyr, Qas mergen, Qas sheshen, Qas biylerding arasynan izdegen dúrys bolady.
Ghayyp (Qayyp) – sóz týbiri «Ay», ary qaray gha (qa), ghay (qay), ghayy (qayy), yp, aiyp, ghayyp bolyp shyghady.
- Gha – Agha degen maghyna beredi. Qangha (Han agha), Sargha (Sary agha), balamasy Qargha (Qar (aq) agha), jorgha (bozjorgha) boz jory agha (tórt ayaghy teng taypalghan shabysty aghagha tenep otyr) t.t.
- Qa – Qangha baba, Qar (aq) pen Qaz agha esimderining birinshi buyny. Búl Qazaq býkil әlem elderining aghasy degen sóz.
- Ay: a. Adaydyng ekinshi buyny (Ad jәne Ay), ә. Ana (Ay - ana), b. jerding serigi, g. 27-31 den túratyn kýnderding jiyntyghy.
- Y (i) - balasy, úrpaghy (Tarazi, Iassaui, Jýgineki, Nizami, Mamy t.t. bolyp kete beredi.
- Qayy – Qayy taypasy, Qazaq dalasynyng bir púshpaghy Manghystaudan Evropagha ghayyptan baryp, Osman imperiyasynyng negizin qalady. Osy týbirden qazaq ta «týie qayydy, qayymady», qayyl bolu (kónu), qayyl bolmau (kónbeu) t.t. sózder bar. Búl taypanyng taghy bir atauy Qanly, yaghny Han auyly. Birinshi buyndaghy «Qa» qazaq degendi bildirse, ekinshi buyndaghy «Ay» men «An (Ana)» sinoniym, ekeui de Áyel-Ana degendi bildiredi.
- Yp – yp-yssy (yssylyqtyng shegi), lyp ete qaldy (tez boldy), túryp, jatyp, baryp, kelip t.t.
- Ayyp – aiypty, aiyby bar, aiyptau, aiyp etu, ayypdop (sport), aiyp-shamy joq t.t. Búl jerde «ghayyp» sózining qúramynda «ayyp» ne istep jýr degen súraq óz-ózinen tuyndap túr. Allataghala myna jaryq dýniyeni jaratqaly beri әiel adam er-azamattyng aldynda mәngi aiypty, yaghny mәngi qaryzdar. Sebebi, Aua anamyz Adam atanyng qabyrghasynan jaralghan delinedi. Ejelden kele jatqan «qabyrghamen kenesu» jәne etting sýiegin (jiligin) ýlestirgende qabyrghasyn әielderge tartu osyny menzeydi. «Sen bireuding ghayybyn ashpa, Týn syqyldy perde tart (Shәkәrim qajy).
Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday, búl sóz qazaqtyng tap-taza óz sózi. Búl sózding tuyndauyna parsy men arap tilderinin, ne t.b. esh qatysy joq. Kerisinshe, olardaghy búl sózding qoldanyluy bastauyn Qazaqtyng Ana tilinen alady.
Qorytyndy: Ghayyp – oilamaghan jerden payda bolu nemese soghan sәikes joq bolu.
Erender — ghayyp eren, ghayyp iyren, ghayyp iran bolyp týrlishe jazyluy da kezdesedi. Ghayyp iran qyryq shilten – anyz boyynsha kózge kórinbeytin qyryq kiyeli aruaqtardyng aty. Olar keyde qús bolyp kelip músylmandargha kómektesedi, mysaly jolda adasyp ketkenderge» delinedi.
Osy Ghayyp Eren jayly keng auqymdy zertteu jýrgizgen ghalymdardyng biri marqúm Serikbol Qondybay bolatyn. Osy enbekting qysqartylghan núsqasyn qaperlerinizge úsynamyn:
«Qazaqtyn, sonday-aq basqa da músylman dindi ortalyq aziyalyq týrki halyqtarynyng senim-nanymyndaghy "eren" beynesine basqa qyrynan ýnilip kóruge degen de qajettilik bar. Epostarda "ghayyp eren qyryq shilten", "ghayyp eren", "qyryq shilten" degen esimdik núsqalarda atala beretin miftik beynening ataluy men shyghu tegi jónindegi payymdaularda birjaqtylyq qalyptasqan; osy esimdi qúraghan sózderdi әdette "parsylyq" dep esepteydi, osyghan baylanysty miftik beyne turaly keltirimdi shygharghan da iran tildi orta bolyp qabyldanady.
Eren ghayyp (qyryq shilten) beynesin qalyptastyrghan músylman sopylar (sufiyler) ortasy, múny eren ghayyp shiltenderding keyde "pirler" dep atalyp, pirler kategoriyasyna jatqyzyluynan da angharugha bolady. Búl jayt, óz kezeginde, qarastyrylyp otyrghan beynening bastauynda tek parsylyq qana emes, kóne týrkilik miftik keltirimderding jatuyn yqtimal etedi; óitkeni sopylar, kóne iran keltirimderin de, kóne týrki keltirimderin de paydalanyp, jana dinning (islamnyn) talaptaryna say óndelgen qúrama beynelerdi jasaghan. Mine, osy tústa beyne atauyn qúraushy komponent - "eren" sózining etimologiyasyna bayypty ýnilu qajettiligi tuyndaydy. Al "eren" ("iyren") sózi bolsa, әdette, parsy tilindegi "dos, dos peyildi" degen maghynalargha ie "yarane" sózinen shyqqan dep eseptelinedi. Biraq dәl osy sózding býgingi qazaq-týrki tilderinde "jaran" (dos-jaran, jarandar), "yaran" týrinde qoldanylyp jýrgenin eskersek, "iyren/eren" sózining "yaran" sózinen órbigenine kýmәn keltiruge bolady. ...Degenmen, týrki tildi ortanyng iran, eng aldymen parsy yqpalyn kórmegen aimaqtarynda basqa maghynaly "ereni" sózining (úghymynyn) de bar ekendigin aita otyryp, sóz tórkinine qatysty kýmәndiligimizding negizsiz emes ekendigin de kórsete alamyz.
"Eren" sózining bolmysyn týsinu ýshin de abaq tanbany "oqu" kerek. Kindiktegi nýkte atauynyng bir praformasy "nr" nemese "ngr", al nýkteni kindik etken shenber nemese nýkteden bastalghan sәule syzyghy osy ataudyng palindromy týrinde aitylatyn bolady: "rn" nemese "rng". Biz osynday úghym jasalu ýlgisin "núr", "ýngir" jәne olardyng palindromy (teris oqyluy) bolyp tabylatyn "úryn" (urung, yurung, varuna, uran, oran, úran) sózderinin ózara sabaqtastyghyn dәiekteu ýshin paydalanyp kórgenbiz, endi osy ýlgini "eren" sózine qatysty da qoldanyp kóruge bolady. Búl ýlgi boyynsha, "eren" sózi de shenberding nemese sәulening atauy bolyp shyghady. Búl jaghdayda onyng payda boluyna mýmkindik bergen nýktenin, kindikting atauy - "ener" (ener) bolyp shyghar edi. Ener - jay ghana kindik nýkte emes, ol - tesik nýkte, tesik týrindegi kindik, qazaqtaghy "en", "ener", "enu" sózderi de osydan shyqqan jәne maghynany saqtap otyr. Latyndyq negizdi "vera" (senim) sózi de osy "nr" praformasynan shyqqan. Ener - Núrdyng "tesigi". Mine, osy jaghdayda, osy ener tesiginen sәule bolyp taraghan nemese ener tesigin kindik etip qorshap jatqan shenber - "eren" neni bildirui tiyis? Eng aldymen ol "núrdyng syrtqa, tysqa shyghuyn" bildiredi. Núr - qúdaydyng qúdireti, onyng erki (yrqy) bolsa, eren (sәule) - osy qúdiretting pendelerge jetkizilu túrpaty nemese eren (shenber) - osy qúdiretting syrtqy, bizding dýniyede kórinu túrpaty. Simvoldyq dengeyde biz nýkteden taraghan "eren" sәuleni "sadaqtyng jebesi, oghy" týrinde keyiptey alamyz. Yaghny ol - jebe, oq, jay, jasyn – qúdayy qúdiretting erkin jetkizetin túrpat (jay oghy - qúdaydyng oghy ghana emes, onyng qúdiretining simvoly). Bir sózben aitqanda, sadaq oghy maghynasyndaghy eren - jogarghy dýnie men adamdar dýniyesin jalghastyratyn deldal, mediator, yaghny Qúday óz qúdiretin adamdargha jebe (jay oghy, jay týsiru) arqyly kórsetse, adamdar da, óz kezeginde jogharghy dýniyemen "sadaq oghy" – eren arqyly baylanysa, habarlasa, óz tilegin sol jaqqa jetkize alatyn edi. Ony tuvalyq týrkilerding keltiriminen anyq kóruge bolady: "U tuvinsev svyashennaya strela - "ysyq oq" svyazyvala mir ludey s verhnim mirom. V tuvinskom obychae izgotovleniya svyashennoy strely "ydyq oq", svyazuyshey ee vladelisev s mirom svetlyh bojestv, yarko proyavlyaetsya roli ptis kak posrednika mejdu bojestvamy y ludimi; operenie ee delalosi iz periev treh ptiys, orla, vorona, yastreba. Pry zabolevaniy detey tuvinsy priglashaly shamana, kotoryy izgotovlyal ereni - izobrajenie yastreba, kotoroe podveshivaly pod kupolom yurty; ot figurky yastreba tyanulasi volosyanaya verevka - salbak, ukrashennaya raznosvetnymy lentochkamy - prinosheniyamy bojestvam y duham, drugoy kones etoy verevky privyazyvalsya u izgoloviya bolinogo y tut je podveshivaly malenikiy derevyannyy luk s derevyannoy streloy; k luku podveshivaly mednuy podvesku - hola, a k ney - raznosvetnye lentochki. Svyazyvaya ereni so streloy, ludy ustanavlivaly kontakt s nebom cherez posrednichestvo erenya-yastreba". Búl jerde "ereni" dep qyrghidy (qarshyghany) atap túrghanyna qaramastan, eki dýniyeni baylanystyrushy nysan sadaq jebesi bolyp túr. Sadaq otynyng "úshuy" men úshatyn maqúlyq - qús beynesi osy maqsatta tútastandyrylghan, yaghny dýniyelerdi jalghastyrushy oq jandy keyipke (zoomorftyq túrpatqa) ie bolyp, dýniyelerdi jalghastyrushynyng jana miftik beynesi qalyptasqan.
Eren-januar kepti deldal-ruh bolsa, olardyn, qarapayym keltirim boyynsha, kózge kórine bermeytini týsinikti bolady. Januar (eng aldymen, jyrtqysh qús) keypindegi erender – eki dýniyening arasyn jalghastyrushy deldaldar, "Ilki Tóp" qisyndamasy boyynsha, múnday erender - Ilki Tór men adamdar arasyn jalghastyrushy, Ilki Tór erkin (doktrinasyn) adamdargha, sonday-aq adamdardyng ótinish-tilegin Ilki Tórge jetkizip otyrushy bolyp shyghady, sondyqtan eren ghayyp qyryq shiltender beynesining (sonday funksiyagha iye) qaydan shyqqandyghyn senimdi týrde túspaldaugha bolady. Mine, sopylar, osynday kóne týrkilik keltirimdi, ózderine jaqsy tanys irandyq týsinikter men leksikalyq dәstýrdi paydalana otyryp, erenning jana, islamdyq beynesin jasap shygharghan sopylyq dýniyetanym, sondyqtan da osy eren atauyna parsynyng "gaiyb" ("skrytyi, nevidimiy") degen anyqtama sózin jalghaghan, uaqyt óte "eren" sózining týrkilik maghynasy úmytylyp, ol parsy tilindegi "yaran" sózi dep esepteline bastaghan da, sóz maghynasy da janarghan. Eren (eki dýniyeni jalghastyrushy buyn) iydeyasy mifologiyada osynday jalghastyrushy retinde qús beynesin qabyldady, keyin "erender" dep keybir januarlardy da eseptey bastady, artynan kezek adamgha da keldi, yaghny endi, "eren" dep adam túlghaly jalghastyrushylardy ataytyn boldy, býgingi qazaqqa belgili "eren ghayyp qyryq shiltennin" negizgi iydeyasy da osynda jatyr. Al erenderdin kóp sandy boluy, ony, sopylyq sandar simvolikasyna say "qyryq" sanymen naqtylau ýrdisin tudyrghan; "chilton" - "shilten" sózi de osyghan baylanysty. Biraq búl sózding o basta sopylar arasynda óz aldyna derbes, basqa beynening atauy retinde qoldanylghandyghyn da joqqa shygharugha bolmaydy.
...Erenderdin (iyrenderdin) jikteluin kórsetetin "gauys", "estan", "paftan", "shilten" siyaqty ataular bastapqy sopylyq emes, keyingi úmytylu, qarabayyrlanu zamanyndaghy "týzetulerdin" saldary bolyp shyghuy da mýmkin; yaghniy biz erenderdin ýsh satylyq iyerarhiyasynyn bolu variantyn da, dәrejelik ataularynyn basqasha varianttarynyng bolghandyghyn da joqqa shyghara almaymyz (mәselen, "jeti paftan", "jeti abdal" termiynining ornyna "jeti pir", "jeti kәmil pir", "jeti qalandar pir" siyaqty terminderding qoldanyluy). Sonday-aq "1:3:7:40" proporsiyasynyn ornynda "1:9:40", "1:8:40" nemese "1:6:40" siyaqty basqa da iyerarhiyalyq proporsiyalardyng bolu mýmkindigin de yqtimal dep esepteuge bolady ("40" sanynyn ornyna "49" sany da qoldanyluy mýmkin). "Qyryq bir shilten" degen de tirkes bar (S.Qondybay «Ghayyp Eren, Qyryq Shilten»).
Serikbol bauyrymyzgha sheksiz alghysymyzdy bildire otyryp, zertteudi odan ary jalghastyrayyq.
Birinshiden, músylman balasyna 1:3:7:40 iyerarhiyalyq proporsiyalardy basqagha auystyrugha bolmaydy. Ony tek ary qaray jalghastyru kerek, 1:3:7:40:100:1000 dep. Búl sandardyng qaza bolghan adamdardyng artynan beriletin sadaqa merzimderine tolyqtay sәikes boluy, búl Adam Atadan bergi shejire-tariyhqa qatysty degen sóz. Demek, búl osy sandardyng atauyn iyemdengen Úly Atalarymyz qúrghan qaghanattardyng tarihyn jәne olardyng atyna әlige deyin nege sadaqa berip jýrgenderimizdi saralau kerek.
Ekinshiden, Sadaq pen jebe Qazaqtyng qarashanyraghy Qaz Adaylardyng rulyq tanbasy. Sadaqtyng avtorlyq qúqyghy Saq (Qaz Saq) Atalarymyzda jatyr. Rulyq shejiredegi atauy Aqpan. Sadaqtyng sóz qúrylymyna kóz jiberseniz, Saq syrtynda, Ada (Ata) ortasynda túr. Al, Saqtyng týbiri «Aqtyn» Qazaqtyng ekinshi buynynda túruynan Saqtardyng Qazaqtan taraytyn tikeley úrpaqtary ekenin kóremiz.
Ýshinshiden, Eren sózining maghynasyn basqa jaqtan izdeuding týkke de qajeti joq. Sebebi, Qazaqtan basqa elder tilderin Ana tili dep atamaydy. Búl qazaqtyng Ana tili býkil әlem elderi tilderining anasy degen sóz. Ózge elderding óz tilderin Ana tili dep ataularyna qúqylary joq. «Avtorlyq qúqyqty» ózge adam, ózge el eshqashan iyemdene almaydy.
Onyng ýstine Parsylar (Iran) óz tekterin Qazaq dalasynyng bir púshpaghy ejelgi Manghystaudyng MAD (Man Aday) patshalyghynan taratady. Olardyng «Iran tarihynda» tura osylay jazuly túr. Qara: («Iran tarihy». Riza Shabani. Tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, Tehrandaghy Shәhid Beheshte atyndaghy uniyversiytetting professory. Almaty: Zerde baspasy, 2002. Mad patshalyghy tarauy. 1 bólim. 6 bet).
Eren – sóz týbiri «Er», ary qaray ere, en, eren bolyp shyghady.
- Er – a. er-adam, er-azamat; ә. balamasy batyr: Er Qosay, Er Tóstik, Er Targhyn, Er Shabay, Er Qonay; b. er qúny, erkek, erkókirek, erkin, erli-zayypty, erlik, ermek, erneu, er-sayman, er-toqym, erte, ertegi (ertedegi erlerding tegi), erik (erikti, óz biyligi ózinde), erek (elden erek, ózgeshe), eru (eru at, eru el), eru (er, erdi, eredi), eru (eri, eridi, eriydi, sugha eru) t.t. Osy týbirden jer, ber, ter, teri, ker, keri, seri t.t. sózder tuyndaydy.
- Ere – Erlerding izimen ere keldi, ere jýrdi, ere bardy t.t.
- En – en dala (kenistik), en (belgi, tanba) salu, eni (ensiz), enu, ene, enjar, endi-endi (bastalu), enteleu (algha úmtylu), enshi alu, eng basy (alghash), eng ayaghy, eng joghary, eng tómeni, eng kemi, yaghny kez-kelgen úghymnyng jogharghy shegi.
- Al, songhy «N» dybys tanbasy sózding qay jerinde qoldanylsa da Núq payghambar atamyzdyng esimin jәne soghan sәikes úrpaghy, balasy degen maghyna beredi. Jýsip Balasaghún, Sariyn, Altynsariyn, Núraliyn, Núrtaziyn, Mayliyn, Mamiyn, Karin t.b. osy aitqanymyzdyng aiday aighaghy bolmaq.
- Eren (asa airyqsha), eren enbek (asa airyqsha enbek); Erentýz (eskishe ay aty); Erentúz (shoqjúldyz);
- Sol uaqytta Alpamys, Jat qylady erendi (Alpamys batyr);
- «Ya, babam!» – dey berdi, Erender qamyn jey berdi (Er Targhyn);
- «Ghayyp iyren kórinbeytin qoldaushy keremet, ol jeti topqa bólinedi, altynshy topqa enetin - qyryq shilten» (Gh.Aydarov. filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory).
- «Qazaq foliklorlyq iyren jәne jalpy júmsalatyn jaran bir týp – yarene-den dara-dara damyp shyqqan bolu kerek. Jaran – parsy sózining qazaq tilining fonetikalyq zandylyqtaryna týsip, erkin sinuining nәtiyjesi. IYren atalghan tirkes qúramyna enip, qazaq tilinde sóilenushilerge leksikalyq daralyghy elenbegendikten, parsy tilindegi qalpyna juyq týrde singen». (R.Ámirov. tilshi-ghalym, filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory).
Uәj: Qazaqtyng ru atyn jәne onyng kýndelikti qoldanystaghy sózderin ózge tilge teluding esh qajeti joq. Parsynyng Iaran (jaran) degen sózi bastauyn qazaqtyng «jary» degen ruy atauynan alady. Búl әigili Shynghys qaghan shyqqan Múnaldyng Jarysy. Qazirgi Aqtóbe oblysy jerindegi Múnaljary tauy sol ejelgi Múnal Jarylardan qalghan. Arqadaghy Shynghys taudyng eng biyik shynynyng «Múnal shyny» dep, atalatyny da osydan.
«Eren - (mujchina); muj; eren kisi (mujchina); «muj»; ereni joq «jenshina bez muja»; (S. E. Malov: 106, b.26. chlen-kor AN SSSR).
Uәj: Erenning qarapayym erkek emes, el aldynda airyqsha eren enbegi bar er adam ekendigin týsinuge bilimi jetpegen.
Qorytyndy: Ózgelerden erekshe jaratylghan airyqsha belgisi bar, adamy qasiyeti asa joghary, bәle-jaladan eli men jerin qorghauda, elge eren enbegi singen, elden erek er-azamat.
Qyryq. Halqymyzdyng qasiyet tútatyn sany - qyryq. Músylmandyqtyng qyryq paryzy; Payghambardyng qyryq hadiysi; Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten; Qyryqtyng biri Qydyr; 40 jas qyrdyng basy; bir kýn joldasqa qyryq kýn sәlem; bir kýn qarny ashqannan qyryq kýn aqyl súrama; ana qyryq shyraqty; qyzgha qyryq ýiden tyiym; Qyryqkez әuliye; әielding qyryq jany bar; qyryq sheyit; qyryq qúlash shymyrau; jaz jaylauy qyryq astau; qyryq qabat; qyryq qúraq; qyryq nayza; qyryq myltyq, qyryq tesik; qyryq jamau; handa qyryq kisining aqyly bar; qyryq moldaly qúrym aghayyn; qyryq er Qosay; Qyrymqúldyng qyryq biyi; qyryqbuyn (ósimdik); qyryq jyl jarlylyq, qyryq jyl baylyq joq; otyz kýn oiyn, qyryq kýn toyyn; otyz omyrtqa, qyryq qabyrgha; qyryq jyl qyrghyn, alpys jyl apat kelse de ajaldy óler; bir beybaqtyng meseli qyryq esekke jýk bolghan; qyryq jylda qyr jana; qyryq kýn shilde; qyryq ru; qyryq kisi bir jaq, qynyr kisi bir jaq; qyryq ótirik; qyryq shybyq; boyy bir qarys, saqaly qyryq qarys; qyryqayaq (jәndik); sәbiyding alghashqy qyryq kýni (qyrqynan shyghuy atap ótiledi); ólgen adamnyng "Qyrqyn beru" dәstýri t.t. bar.
- «Araq ishken kisining tilegi 40 kýnge deyin qabyl bolmaydy» (Úlaghatty sóz).
- «Qyryq qaqpanda – Qydyr bar, kóp bolsa qúba-qúp» (Alshyn Mendalyúly).
- «Qyryq baytal qysyraq, Qyzgha enshi atady. ...Qyryq jylqyng qyz tusa» (T.Baltabasúly.)
- Qyryq myng ýili Qiyattan
Qyryq myng әsker qol alyp,
...Qyryq kýnshilik Qazandy» («Qoblandy batyr» jyrynan).
«Jeti jyl jatqan qamalyp, Qyryq arqan boyy zyndannan.
...Kerney, syrnay tarttyryp, Qyryq qaqpaly qalagha.
...Yzghardyn, yzghar dalasy, Qyryq kýnshilik jol edi.
...Týie bas qylyp qyryq qyz, Alyp úrdy jezdesin» («Alpamys batyr» jyrynan).
«Qyryq qashyrgha qazna artyp» (Qambar batyr).
- «Bireuler «Qyryq paryz» degen eken – (Ybyrayym ahun Qúlybayúly).
- «Qyryq sheyitting ishinde. Bolarmyz, Alla, shamasy» (Eskeldi Sýgir).
«Qorqyt ata qobaljyp. Ajalgha tappay bir aila.
Qyryq jyl jýrdi qashqannan» (Sәttighúl Janghabylúly).
- Ejelgi Tory atta (Tauratta) topan su bastalarda 40 kýn, 40 týn janbyr jaughany aitylady.
- Múryn jyrau Sengirbekúly jyrlaghan Manghystaulyq jyrlar sikli «Qyrymnyng qyryq batyry» dep atalady. Osy jyrlarda atalatyn Qyryq batyrdy da, Kyryq Shiltender qataryna qosugha әbden bolady.
Qazaqtyng «Tórteu týgel bolsa tóbedegi keledi» degen maqalyna sәikes qazaqtaghy kiyeli sandardyng biri Tórt. Búl san Aday Atamyzdyng tórtinshi buyn úrpaghy Qúnanorys Atamyzdyng atymen baylanysty dýniyege kelgen. Birinshi buyn – Qúdayke men Kelimberdi. Ekinshi - Tәzike. Ýshinshi - Qosay. Tórtinshi - Qúnanorys. Besinshi – Aqpan (Bes degen bagha aqiqattyng atasyna berilgen), Altynshy – Balyqshy (Shybyntay, Qypshaq). Álemge әigili Alash pen Alty Alashymyz qazaqtyng rulyq shejiresindegi orny osy. Jetinshi – Jemeney (Búzau). Alghashqy tuystyghy bólinbeytin jeti buyn úrpaq osy. Segizinshi - Semiyt. Bólinu osy semitterden bastalady. Toghyzynshy - Tobysh. Olar ejelde Evropadaghy eng úzyn ózenderding biri Obtyng jaghasyn mekendegen. Onynshy – Monghol (Múnal). Bes degen bagha qoyylghan Aqpan men aqiqattyng jәne Aghanyn, alty men balyqshynyn, jeti men jemeneydin, segiz ben semittin, toghyz ben tobyshtyn, on men mongholdyng (múnaldyn) bir týbirden bolatyny osydan.
Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday, Tórt sany qazaqtyng rulyq shejiresindegi Qúnanorystardyng sandyq atauy. Tórtting sóz týbiri - Ór (órleu, jogharylau), Órt (órtenu, kýiip-janu), Tór (ýiding tóri, tórge shyghu), Tóre, Tóragha, Tórayym. Demek, «Altau ala bolsa, auyzdaghy ketip, tórteu týgel bolsa tóbedegi keler» degen maqaldyng shyghu tegi osy. Tórteuding tórt kózi týgel, auyzdary bir bolsa, olardyng oryndarynyng tórde bolatynyna qanday dau bar. Sebebi, topan sudan aman qalghan Núq payghambar qauymynyng auzy bir boldy. Olardyng auyzbirligi «taudan tómen qaray, aua jayylmay bir arnamen sarqyray aqqan sel siyaqty» býkil әlemge ýlgi bolghan. Biz Shynghyshannyng úrpaghymyz dep jýrgen tórelerding arghy tegi osy. Allanyng qalauymen adamy qasiyetting shynyna shyghyp, Núq payghambar zamanyndaghy topan sudan kememen aman ótip qazirgi Man ata qauymynyng bastauynda túrghandyqtan olardyng orny kýni býginde de tórde túr.
Qyryq sany osy tórtinshi buyn (Kelimberdi Atamyzdyng túnghyshy Qúnanorystyng ongha (Múnalgha) kóbeni, yaghny tórt eselengen onnyng jiyntyghy.
Qyryq - qyr jәne yq degen eki birikken sózden túrady. Qyr – qazirgi әdeby tilmen aitqanda Ýstirt, biyik jer, nemese biyik kenistikti alyp jatqan kólemdi aimaq.
Yq – týpki maghynasy su. Mysaly, Jayyq – jay aghatyn su, qúdyq – qút su (taza su saqtaytyn oryn), qayyq – su kebisi, yq (yghu) – tómen qaray sarqyrap aqqan su siyaqty maldyng yqqa (jelding ótine) qaray yghuy t.t. Demek, qyryq sany - bir atanyng balalary auyzdary bir bolsa, qyrdan tómen qaray sarqyrap aghyp, tosqauyl bermeytin su siyaqty bolady degendi bildirgeni, yaghny elding «Bir jaghadan bas, bir jennen qol» shygharuy.
Tarih taghlymy: Adam ata úrpaqtary bir ruly elge ainalyp, bir memleketke birikkeli beri, ol el basynda Az, keyinnen Qaz (Qas) atalyp, sol ejelgi Atalar salghan úly jolmen keledi. Qyryq sany sol az eldi jaqsylyqqa jetelegen Áz (Qaz) atalarymyzdyng sandyq atauy. Ejelgi qazaq handary men qaghandarynyng qyryq ruly elden qyryq aqylshy uәzirlerining bolatyny osydan. Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday, uәzirding sóz týbi - Áz (Áz әuliye). Bizding «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenderimizde de» solardyng ruhy bar. Sóz týbiri (óz týbi, óz Atasy) eshqashan janylysqan emes.
Búl tújyrymymyzgha Mәshhýr Jýsip atamyzdyng «Sóitse qyryq shiltenning on besi sol túrghan hannyng bir balasyn qoltyqtap, qoldap han bolugha osy layyqty desip jýredi eken (M.J.Kópeev) degen sózi tolyqtay dәlel bola alady.
Qyryq sanynyng atauy Manghystaudyng Qyrynda (Ýstirtte) dýniyege keldi. Manghystaudyng qara oiyndaghy Qarahan taudyng (Qarataudyn) Qas by tenizine tireler túsyndaghy Týpqaraghan jerindegi Qangha baba alqabynda eng alghash handyq qúrylyp, Han Agha (Qangha) degen sóz solardan qalsa, Manghystaudyng Qyrynda, ejelgi atauy Syndy adam balasy alghash ret Úly Jaratushy – Allany tanydy. Soghan sәikes sol jerding túrghyndary da, túraghy da Ýstingi júrt, yaghny Ýstirt atandy. Býkil әlem ghalymdarynyng Sinay tauy dep izdep taba almay jýrgenderi osy Syndy tauy. Ol jerde Syndy asuy, syndy qúdyghy kýni býginde de bar. «Man Ata» asuynan 10 km-dey jerde.
Qyr demekshi, osy Manghystaudyng qyrynda qazaqpen birge dýniyege kelip, osy ataudy qazirgi qyrghyz jerine ala ketken úrpaq ózderin kýni býginde de qyrghyz dep ataydy. Búny Qyrghyz atauynyng sóz týbirining Manqystaudaghy atyshuly Qyrmen sәikes ekendiginen de kóruge bolady. Sonymen qatar, osy Qyrghyz elinde Qazaq dalasynyng Aral men Qasby aimaghyndaghy ataulardy qaytalaytyn Súmsa, Qoshqar ata, Qyzyl Qiya, Qazarman, Osh (Os), Naryn, Qarasay, Qara-su, Qara-Qúlja, Qara-Qabaq, Qara-myq, Qaraqolqa, Qarauyl tóbe, Qara-balta t.t. toponomikalyq ataular bar. Biz búdan Qyrghyz jerinde qaptap ketken qaralarda óz tekterin Manghystaudyng Týpqaraghany men Qaraman atasynan alatynyn kóremiz. Ol elde Qaraghantýp (Qaralardyng týbi) degen jer atauynyng bolmauy osydan.
«Qyrghyz eli Oghyz hannyng Qyrghyz atty nemeresining atymen ataldy. (Ábilghazy. «Týrik shejiresi», 34 bet). Ábilghazy atamyzdyng búl deregine eshqanday kýdikpen qaraudyng qajeti joq. Búl derek Aday shejiresimen de tolyqtay sәikes keledi. Aday-Kelimberdi-Múnal-Shoghy-Jolay-Jolmanbet-Tilegen—Qyrghyz (Oraq) bolyp taratylady. Qyrghyzdyng tegining qazaq ekenin ótken ghasyrda YuNESKO kóleminde 1000 jyldyghy toylanghan «Manas» jyrynan da anyq kóruge bolady. Sebebi, osy jyrdaghy basty keyipkerler men jer-su ataularynyng bәri Manqystau jyrlary: Múryn jyraudyng Er Kókshesi, Manash úly Túyaqbayy men Radlovtyng Er Kókshe núsqasyndaghy basty keyipkerler «Manas» jyrynda Manas – Manash, Er Kókshe, Er Qosay, Álmanbet, Janbyrshy bolyp bir epostyq oqigha kenistiginde kezdesedi. Osy jayly S.Qondybay «Esen Qazaq» atty enbeginde «Búl kezdeysoqtyq emes. Búl – bir ghana epostyq dýnie jәne qyrghyzdar qazaqtan tek bir ghana jyrdy tútastay ózderining «Manasyna» qosyp alghan» deydi (180 bet). Búl tújyrymgha mynaday ózgeris engizgen dúrys jәne ol óte kókeyge qonymdy bolyp shyghady. Búl jerde qyrghyzdardy ózimizden alshaqtatyp jәne «úry» ne «barymtashy» etip «qosyp aldy» degennen kóri, olar da óz ata-babalaryn úmytpay, atalary jayly tarihy derekterdi jyrgha qosyp, bizben tumalas ekenin moyyndap otyr. Barlyq tarihshylardyng qaperine bererim, qazaqta, yaghny qazirgishe aitqanda býkil týrik әleminde birde-bir ru, taypa, últ óz teginen janylyspaydy. Bóten elding atasyn meniki dep aitpaydy. Onyng ishinde, әsirese Qazaq pen Qyrghyz kórshi orys, ózbek, t.b. batys elderi siyaqty «tegin bilmeytin teksizge» әli ainala qoyghan joq.
Qyrghyz eki birikken sózden túrady. Qyr jәne Oghyz (oq (oghlan, úlan) jәne qyz), nemese qyr men qyz, yaghny Qyrdyng qyzy. Manghystau da Qyryqqyz, Qyrghyz (Qyryghyz) atauly toponomikalyq ataular kýni býginde de bar. Ángimening ashyghyn aitqanda Qyrghyzdar bizge jiyen bolady, yaghny Qyrdaghy qazaqtardyng qyzdarynan taraghandar. Múnyng dәleli, qyrghyzdardyng qazaqtar siyaqty tilderin Ana tili demey, Ene (Ene) tili dep atauy. Ene dep qazaq, óz anasyn emes, júbayynyng Anasyn aitady. Qyrghyzdardyng óz tilin Ana tili dep atamay, Ene tili deytini osydan. «Avtorlyq qúqyq» tolyqtay saqtalyp túr.
Múnyng taghy bir dәleli: bostandyqqa asa qúshtar, eshqashan qolgha ýirenbeytin, ýnemi dalagha qarap úlityn, óte shydamdy, eshqashan túqymy qúrymaytyn Qasqyr degen ang atauynyng boluy. Qazaq ony Bóri, nemese Kókbóri dep atap, Alashtyng (Alshynnyn) laqap atauy retinde de qoldana beredi. Alpamys batyrdyng әkesi Baybórini, әigili Shynghys qaghannyng arghy atasy Bórte bórini, ejelgi Rimning negizin qalaghan Romul men Remning qúrmetine salynghan, Rimning qaq tórinde qasqyrdyng qanshyghyn emip túrghan eki balanyng tas mýsinin eske alynyz. Mine osy bir auyz sózde birinshi buynda Qas (Qaz), ekinshi buynda Qyrdyng túruynan osy el esimderining dýniyege kelu retin anyq baghamdaugha bolady. Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday, Qazaq pen Qasqyrdyng týbiri bir. Demek, qasqyr degen sóz bizding ata-babalarymyzdyng arasynda dýniyege kelgen. Áriyne, eng birinshi dalanyng jyrtqysh anyn dalanyng tól perzenti Qazaq tanymay basqa kim tanushy edi.
Búl el esimderining bastau nýktesi, yaghny atasy – Áz (Az) әuliyening molasy jatqan Manghystaudaghy Ýstirt (Qyr). Mine osy bir auyz qasqyr degen sóz, qazaq pen qyrghyzdyng tuys el ekenin jәne qyrghyzdyng qazaqtan, yaghny Qas biyler elinen bólinip shyqqanyn kórsetedi. Qyrghyz degendegi týbir sóz Qyrdyng - Qazdan keyingi ekinshi buynda túruy tek qana osyny bildiredi. Jaraysyndar, Atalarym! Sóz jasasang osylay jasa! Tarih jazsang osylay jaz! Sizderding búl jazghandarynyzdy myn, million jyldardan da keyin oqugha bolady.
«Alpamys batyr» men qyrghyzdyng «Manasy» bir túlgha ekendigin marqúm Serikbol Qondybay kezinde jerine jetkize dәleldep ketken bolatyn.
Mine osy qazirgi qyrghyz jerinde de «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenge» qatysty eki jer atauy bar. Birinshisi – Osh qalasyna jaqyn Sýleymen tauyndaghy «Qyryq Shilten» ýngiri. Ekinshisi – Batken oblysynyng Aqbúlaq auylyndaghy «Shilten ata» beyiti. Búl beyitting ekinshi atauy «Qyryq Shilten». «Qyryq Shiltennin» Alpamys batyrdy әrdayym qoldap jýretini siyaqty, Qyrghyzdyng «Manas» dastanynda da «Qyryq Shilten Manasty ýnemi qoldap jýredi. Jyrda Qozy baghyp jýrgen bala Manastyng bir qozysyn qasqyr alyp qashyp, ýngirge kirip ketedi. Manas quyp baryp artynan kirse qasqyr adamgha ainalady. Sóitse Shiltenderding bәri sol ýngirge jinalghan eken. Olar búdan bylay Manasty qoldap jýretinin aitady.
Qorytyndy: Allanyng qalauymen elin, júrtyn jarqyn bolashaqqa jetkizu jolynda «bir jaghadan bas, bir jennen qol shygharghan» úly ústaz-pirler jәne solardyng kiyeli ruhy. Qyryq sany «auyzdary bir, bauyrmaldyq pen tatulyqqa» bastaytyn jәne olardyng óte kóp ekendigin aighaqtaytyn úghym.
Áyteuir abyroy bolghanda, Kenestik bilim qúdyghynan su ishken «bilgish tarihshylar» osy qyryq sany atauyn bóten elge telimey qazaqtyng ózine qaldyrypty.
Shilten – búl sózdi qazaqtyng barlyq zertteushileri parsynyng «chiyl», qazaqsha audarmasy qyryq degen sózinen shyqty dep tújyrymdaydy. Týp-tamyrymen qate tújyrym. Shilten - taza qazaq sózi. Dәlel me? Tyndap kóriniz?
Jogharyda kórsetilgendey Shilten sózi parsynyng qyryq degen sózinen shyqty delinetini eshqanday aqylgha syimaydy. Sebebi, bar-joghy tórt sózden túratyn bir jiyntyq esimde qyryq sózin eki ret, bireuin qazaqsha, bireuin parsysha qaytalaudyng eshqanday qajettiligi joq. Sózdik qorynda san milliondaghan (biletinder jiyrma millionnan astam deydi) sózi bar, býkil әlem elderi tilderining anasy atalatyn Ana tilimiz ózge júrttyng sózine zәru emes. Kerisinshe býkil әlem elderi, onyng ishinde parsy tili de óz bastauyn Qazaqtyng ana tilinen alady. Parsy eli óz bastauyn ejelgi qazaqtyng MAD (Man Aday) patshalyghynan alatynyn joghary da aittyq.
Shilten – sóz týbiri «il», ary qaray shil, en, ten, ilte, shilte (shilde), shilten bolyp shyghady.
- «Il»-den – ilki (alghashqy, aldynghy), ilgeri (algha), ilik (septik), ilim (bilim), Ile (ózen), ile jauap qaytardy, Nil (ózen), ilu, ilmek, ilgish, ilgek (týime), til, bil, kil, kilt t.t. Ózderiniz kórip otyrghanday, tilding de, ilim men bilimning de, kiltting de týbiri «Il». Al bizding bolisheviktik Kenes biyligining ghylymy ataghyn alghan barlyq «bilgish» tarihshylarymyz ben til ghalymdarymyz tilimiz ben bilimimizding kiltin týp-tamyrymen ózge júrtqa (parsygha) óz qoldarymen ústata salghan.
- Shil – shilde (qyryq kýn shilde), jazdyng eng yssy mezgili, shil (zool), shilbi, shilbuyt, shilde ter, shildelik (zool), shildehana (Shilde toy. Sәbiyding dýniyege kelu qúrmetine qyryq kýn ótkennen keyin jasalatyn toy), shildeqonyz (zool), shily (ylghiy), shilter, shilik t.t.
Mysaly: «Qyryq kýn shilde bolghanda. ...Qys shildede Jilik jýgiredi, Jaz shildede Kýlik jýgiredi, ...Qyryq kýn shilde, qys qaldy, jaz ornynda. ...Ghayyp – kórinbeytin, dos. Eren - adam, kisi. Qyryq - qasiyetti san. Shilten - parsysha qyryq (sinoniym). Ghayyp eren qyryq shilten - shilde - shildehana. Qayyperen, aushyeren, iran, eran diny úghym shenberinde qoldanylady». (M.J.Kópeev);
Uәj: Mәshhýr Jýsip atamyz Shiltendi parsynyng sózi dep otyrghan joq. Qyryqtyng audarmasy dep otyr.
«Jazdykýn shilde bolghanda» (Abay Qúanabaev);
«Jaz ótip shilde jetti, shildede kýn úzyn, týn qysqa, kýnning ystyghy sonsha kýshti, tastar, qúmdar qyzyp ketedi (M. Dulat, aqyn, jazushy, qogham qayratkeri);
«Shilde jazdyng eng ystyq qyryq kýni» (V.V. Radlov sózdigi (vostokoved-turkolog, etnograf));
«Shilde. Ol әuelde qyryq kýndik mezgil retinde aitylyp, keyin otyz kýndik ay retinde qoldanylyp, qalyptasyp ketken» (M. IYsqaqov);
«Qyryq kýn shilter ystyqta qarsy kóship, Betpaqtyng Sar dalasy kelip týsti (QKBS, 31);
- En – en dala (keng dala, kenistik), en (belgi, tanba) salu, eni (endi-ensiz), enu, ene, enjar, endi-endi (bastalu), enteleu (algha úmtylu), enshi alu, eng basy (alghash), eng ayaghy, eng joghary, eng tómeni, eng kemi, yaghy kez-kelgen úghymnyng jogharghy jәne tómengi shegi.
- Ten (ten) – tentek (tentek adam), tentireu (kezbelikpen ainalysu), ten, teng jartysy, teng kóru, teng tóragha, teng týsu (tenbe-ten), tenbil, tenge (qazirgi qazaq, ejelgi býkil әlemdik valuta), tengeru, tendeu, tenselu, teniz t.t.
- Ilte – bilte (bilte sham), jaryqtyng kózi, balamasy bilimning bastauy.
Al, sóz sonynda túrghan «N» dybys-tanbasy, sózding qay jerinde qoldanylsa da balasy, úrpaghy degen maghyna beredi. Bastauyn Núq payghambar atamyzdyng esiminen alady.
Shiltenning shylauy tiydi (jelep-jebedi, batasy tiydi).
«Bala berse – tezinen, Pirlerding tiyip deminen.
Shiltenning tiyip shylauy – Artylyp tusa ózimnen!» (Aqtamberdi jyrau).
Sopylyq ilimning jolyna týskender ústazynyng (pirinin) úigharuymen kýnning kózi kórinbeytin jer asty meshitterde Alladan tilek tilep, qyryq kýn, qyryq týn boyy shilge otyrghan.
Qazaqstanda «shil» atty qústardyn: «súr shil» jәne «saqaldy shil» dep atalatyn eki týri bar. Toptanyp jýredi. Otyryqshy qús. Jerdi shúqylyp úya jasaydy da, oghan qúrghaq shóp tóseydi. Júmyrtqasyn analyghy men atalyghy birge basady. Ósimdik túqymymen, býrimen, jәndiktermen (qonyz, qúmyrsqa, t.b.) korektenedi. Ziyandy jәndikterdi jep, adamdargha payda keltiredi. Kәsiptik manyzy bar baghaly qús qataryna jatady.
Aqylgha salyp qarasaq, jazdyng eng ystyq qyryq kýnin shilde dep atap, qazaq balasyn qyrqynan shygharyp shildehana jasaghaly beri, adamgha esh ziyany joq paydaly qústargha «shil» dep at qoyyp, soghan sәikes sopylyq ilimning mayyn sarqa ishken sopy-pirlerdi Shilten dep ataghaly beri qanshama sular aqty, qanshama myndaghan jyldar ótti.
Eger biz Kenestik ghalymdardyng jәne solardyng jolyn jalghastyrushylardyng Shilten degen sóz parsydan auyp kelgen kirme sóz degenderin qabyldaytyn bolsaq, onda jogharydaghy sózderding bәrin de qazaqtyng óz sózi emes deuimizge tura keletinine olardyng bilimderi jetpegen. Meni qatty tang qaldyryp otyrghan dýnie olardyng «Sóz týbiri (óz týbi), óz atasy degen sózderdi týsinuge bilimderining jetpeui. Mine Bizge songhy jyldary «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenderdin» shylauy tiymey jýrgen sebebi.
Jattyng zorlyghymen Ata-babamyzdyng aruaghyn úmytyp, últtyng ary men namysynyn, yaghny tili men dilining kiltin ózgening qolyna óz qolymyzben berippiz. Úly Atalarymyz «Atalarymyzdyng aruaghyn auzymyzgha alyp, qaytys bolghan ata-analarymyz ben tumalastarymyzgha arnap as-sadaqa berip, júma sayyn jeti nan tarqatyp, әrbir as ishken sayyn astyng batasyn jasap, marqúmdargha dúgha baghyshtap otyrmasaq, aruaqtarda bizben baylanysyn ýzedi» dep, beker aitpaghan. Taghy qaytalaymyn. Búl jerdegi eng soraqy dýniye, Shiltenning kiltin óz qolymyzben ózgege ústatqanymyz bolyp túr.
Qorytyndy: Býkil adamzat qauymyna shamshyraq bolyp janyp, en dalany jaylaghan elderdi kezip músylmandyqty asqan bilimimen, sheshen tilimen uaghyzdap, qinalghan jandargha kómekke kelip, jýrek kiltin ashatyn úly diny túlghalardyng ózi men ruhy.
Al, olar Kimder? Anyz ba? Álde tarihta bolghan jandar ma? degen súraqtyng jauabyn Ybyrayym ahun Qúlybayúlynyng myna jyr-shumaqtarynan tabamyz:
«Sharghynyng tórteu dәleli-
Berik qorghan qalasy:
Islamnyng bes paryz,
Orazanyng otyz kýn,
Kýn tәulikte bes namaz,
Sharghynyng qyryq edi balasy.
Halifaday әrbiri
Búlarmen kimning talasy?
...Qyryq bala degenin
Sharighatty aqtaghan,
Dýniyening jýzin saqtaghan
Qayyp – Eren Qyryq – Shilten
Araby esimi Abdal-dy.
Sharighatty jýrgizgen,
Din-músylmandy tirgizgen
Múhammedting ýmbeti
Ázireti Omar men
Qyryq kisi bolghan-dy,
Kәpirlerden qoryqpay
Qalyng topty qaq jardy,»... (Ybyrayym ahun Qúlybayúly 1886-1982).
«Ghún tilinde aitylghan keybir taypalardyng atyn aitsaq, olar: Arghyn (Uarhun), Abdal (Eftal, eftaliyt), Kerderi (Kidariy), Alban (Lavan), tarniyaq, kotzager, bender (zabender) jәne basqalar.
Ghún taypalary abdal men kidaritter turaly Á.H.Marghúlan: «Olardy grekter hioniyt, rim jazushylary eftaliyt, bolmasa «Kidarit hundary», armyan jazushylary «heptal», arabtar «haytal» deydi.
Búl taypanyng atyn dúrys jazghan Vizantiya jazushysy Feofilakt Simokatta, ghúndardyng ózi qalay aitsa solay jazghan-«abdal», bizde «eftaliyt» dep aitylatyn sózding týp núsqasy - deydi. Istemy qaghannyng Vizantiya patshasyna jazghan hatynda «Men abdaldardyng kósemin ózime baghyndyrdym, ol mening odaqtasym boldy» -deydi. ...Bir ghajaby búl «abdal» taypasy keyin týrikpen men Kishi jýz qazaqtarynyng qúramynda saqtaldy. Olardyng úrpaghy әli kýnge deyin bar...» - dep jazghan bolatyn» (Aral-Kaspiy ónirining tarihiy-mәdeny múralary. Aqtau 2007. 248-253 better).
Osy derekterdi sarapqa salsaq tómendegidey bolyp shyghady:
- Abdal - qazaqtyng ru aty. Alshyndaghy 12 Ata Bayúlynyng bir balasy Tazdan taraydy. Abdaldar Týrikpen, Ózbekting Laqay, Qyrghyzdyng Sarybaghys taypalarynyng qúramynda kezdesedi.
- Tariyhqa әlemge әigili Kýn qaghany Edil patshany bergen Ghún (Kýn) elining tegi Qazaq, onyng qúramyndaghy kórsetilgen taypalardyng barlyghy derlik (Arghyn, Kerderi, Alban, Abdal t.b.) kýni býginde de qazaq halqynyng qúramynda.
- Ybyrayym ahun Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltendi arap dep otyrghan joq. Araptardyn olardy «Abdal» dep ru atymen ataytynyn aityp otyr.
- Abdal - sóz týbiri «Ab (Ap), (Aba (Apa), Baba (Ata-Baba, yaghny Ata men Áke))», ary qaray al (alghy, alghashqy, aldynghy), dal (dal bolu, ne isterin bilmey daghdaru). Demek, «qalyng túmannan» jol tappay elding daghdarghan shaghynda, býkil әlemge músylmandyqtyng núryn shashyp, býkil elding imangha úiyna úiytqy bolghan alghashqy atalarymyzdyng rulyq atauy.
«Týrkistanda týmen bab,
Sizderden medet tileymin.
Sayramdaghy sansyz bab,
Otyrardaghy otyz bap,
Eng ýlkeni Arystan bab,
Sizderden medet tileymin» (Qazaqtyng eski jyrynan). Osy baptardyng izin jalghastyrushylar Týrkistandyq pirlerding piri Qúl Qoja Ahmet Iassauy men Manghystaulyq Áulie Beket Pir Atalar bolyp tabylady.
- Abdal ruynyng ómir sýrgen kezenderi óte әri de, birneshe myndaghan jyldargha ketedi dese de bolady. Ony «Alpamys batyr» jyryndaghy Alpamys batyrdy, Qyrghyzdyng «Manasyndaghy» Manasty «Ghayyp eren Qyryq Shiltenderdin» qoldaghany jóninde aitylatynan da kóruge bolady.
Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenning barlyghy da Manghystaulyq Áz (Qazaq) atamyzdyng úrpaghy. Olardyng molasy da osy jerde.
- Qyryqshilten – qorym; Qaraghan týbekte, Ashymúryn mýiisinen ontýstikte 25 km jerde (S.Qondybay «Manghystaudyng jer-su ataulary» Almaty-2010. 217 bet).
Ózge ónirlerde de «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenge» baylanysty kiyeli oryndar kezdesedi. Manghystaudaghy qorymgha «Ghayyp eren» degen sóz tirkesi qosylmaydy. Nege? Sebebi, olar Manghystaugha «ghayyptan-tayyp» kelgen joq, bәri osy ónirding bilim búlaghynan su ishken úrpaqtary.
- Manghystauda Qyryqshiltennen de basqa qyryq sanyna qatysty kóptegen toponomikalyq ataular bar: Qyryqqyz (Qyrghyz) – jer aty, Qyryqkez – qorym; Qyryqqystau – qorym; Qyryqqúdyq - qúdyq; Qyryqmergen – jer aty; Qyryqmyltyq – qorym; Qyryqsegiz – qúdyq t.t.
- Atalarymyz kezinde «Qyrqadan qyrgha qarap, qyryq shalghysyn kýnine, on eki silkip taraghan», yaghny eldi jaqsylyqqa jeteleytin azamattardyng «tek qana bir baghytqa qaray aghatyn, qyrdan aqqan su siyaqty» auzy bir bolularyn jәne sol on eki Ata úrpaqtarynyng adamy qasiyetterining asa joghary dengeyde boluyn qadaghalap otyrghan. Qazaqtyng qara shanyraghy «On eki ata Bayúly» osylay bolghan. Olar býkil әlem elderining Astana halqy atalghan. Ol jayly Múrat Mónkeúly atamyz:
«Qyrqadan qyrgha qarasa,
Qyryq shalghysyn kýnine
On eki silkip tarasa;
Qu tónkerse aspannan
Ýsh tilegen bappenen.
Dauylpaz soqsa astynan
Jelbegey kýreng atpenen,
Bauyry shúbar, syrty kók
Qarshygha qúsqa jarasar!
Alas bolyp adasqan,
Múnar bolyp túldasqan,
Músylman bolyp dindi ashqan;
Múnyng bәri jigitter,
Bir kisiden tabylmas –
Astana júrtqa jarasar» (Múrat Mónkeúly «Bes ghasyr jyrlaydy» Almaty-1989. 131 bet).
Qazirgi jaghdayda elimizde últtyq iydelologiyanyn: til, din jәne dildin tolyqtay moyyndalmauynan azamattarymyz «qyrqadan qyrgha qaray» almay, «qyrqadan oigha qaraugha» mәjbýr. Osynyng saldarynan «kýnine on eki silkip tarap otyrmaghasyn, qyryq shalghynyng da jýzin tot» basyp, «aramshópterdi» otap otyrugha shamacy jetpeude. Sebebi, biz atalarymyz siyaqty piramidanyng basyna ardy emes aqshany qoydyq. Adamy qasiyetten (ardan) Altyndy (baylyqty) joghary qoyghan elding de, onyng basshylarynyng da bolashaghy bolmaydy. Búl bizding úly atalarymyzdyng qaghidasynda «Malym janymnyng sadaghasy, janym arymnyng sadaghasy» jәne «Arystan basqarghan el arystan, týlki basqarghan el týlki, qoyan basqarghan el qoyan» bolady dep tújyrymdalghan.
Tarih taghlymy: Býtkil jer betindegi eng alghashqy memleket Az, Qaz, Qazan, Qazar, Qazaq memleketi qúrylghaly beri, qazaqtyng memlekettik jәne otbasylyq qúrylymy jýielerining ekeui de birdey boldy. Qazaq eli qazaq otbasysynyng ýlkeytilgen maketi. Sebebi, qazaqtyng memlekettik qúrylymy óz bastauyn otbasy qúrylymynan alghan. Atalarymyzdyng «Otbasy shaghyn memleket» deytinderi osy. Qazaqta «ýlken úl taq múrageri, al kenje úl qara shanyraq iyesi» ekendigi san myndaghan jyldardan beri saqtalyp, ainymas dәstýrge ainalghan.
Úly Atalarymyzdan qalghan eski jәdigerlerding ishindegi, eshkimdi eshqanday daugha jibermeytin eng senimdi derek kóz: jer, su, tau, elder men eldi meken ataulary bolyp tabylady. Mine osy qaghidagha sәikes, Núq payghambardyng kemesi toqtap, ilingir salghan jer býgingi Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysy jerinde alystan qaraghanda shógip jatqan qos órkeshti týieni elestetetin Qazyghúrt audany jerinde ornalasqan, Qazyghúrt tauy bolyp tabylady. Taudyng tóbesi oipan, jazyq, úzyndyghy 20, eni 10 shaqyrymday, biyiktigi teniz dengeyinen 1768 metr. Osy tauda «Adam Ata shoqysy», “Keme qalghan”, “Payghambar toqtaghan”, «Ilingir (yakor)», “Payghambar sausaghy”, «Payghambar atynyng su ishken jeri», Aqbura, Kózdi Ata, Ángir auyly aimaghyndaghy tau shoqysynyng erneginde Adam Ata men Aua Ana kiyeli tasy men sol shoqynyng eteginde Qayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltender su ishken búlaq t.t. qasiyetti jerler bar. Biraq, bizding ashyq ensiklopediyamyzda búlardyng bәrin anyz jetegindegi oryndar dep jazypty. Ata-baba múrasyn mengeruge bilimderi jetpey, ózderi ylghy ótirik aitatyn bolghasyn Atalarymyzdy da ótirikshilerding sanatyna betteri býlk etpesten telip jibergen.
Qazyghúrt demekshi, Qazyghúrttyng tolyq maghynasy Qazyq júrt. Myna ataular sol Qazyq júrttan qalghan eng senimdi derek kózder.
Arnayy baryp Qazyghúrt tauynyng baurayyndaghy Ángir auyly aimaghynda ornalasqan «Qayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltendi de» kórdim. Úly Jaratushy - Alla alaqanday jerge on segiz myng ghalamnyng býkil bolmysynan habar beretindey tas belgilerdi shoghyrlandyrypty. Qatty jelding ótinen, borannyng yzgharynan qorghaymyn dep, shapany shúrq tesik bolghan Adam Ata men onyng bauyryna tyghylghan Aua Ana tasy da osynda. Ana tasynyng bauyr jaghynda tórt bólikke bólingen qazangha úqsaytyn belgi bar. Búl – «tórt qúbylamyz týgel» bolsyn dep tilek tileytin jer. Odan sәl әrirekte nәreste belgisi bar. Perzentti bolghysy keletinder osy jerde Alladan tilek tileydi. Múnda úshqan qústan, jýgirgen annan aumaytyn neshe týrli tas beyneler, «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltender» su ishken ýsh búlaq kózi bar. Shyraqshynyng aituynsha birinshi búlaq – kóz suy, ekinshi búlaq – qúlaq suy, ýshinshi búlaq – ónesh suy dep atalyp, búlaqtardyng suy osy aghzalargha em bolatyn kórinedi.
Bala kezimizde әke-sheshemizding ýiretuimen «Batyrlar jyryn», qazaqtyng kóptegen shejire dastandaryn oqyp, jattap óstik. Auyl qariyalary birinshi Allany úlyqtap, Allagha siynatyn, sonymen qatar Allany úlyqtauda úrpaqtaryna ýlgi bolghan Manghystaulyq 360 әuliyelerdi, Áz әuliyeni, Qaraman Ata, Shopan Ata, Shaqpaq Ata, Masat Ata, Beket Ata, Baba Týkti Shashty Áziz, Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shiltenderding aruaghyna dúgha baghyshtap, auyzdarynan tastamaytyn. Osy әuliyelerding bәrining Manghystauda ghúmyr keshkendikterin, el jady olardy ne ýshin auyzdarynan tastamay jattap jýretinderining syryn әngimelerine arqau etip, osy әuliyelerding molalarynyng da Manghystauda ekendikterin jyr qylyp aityp otyratyn.
«Syiynalyq Alla men Ekinshi, Ghayyp-Eren dep» Sәttighúl atamyz jyrlaghanday «Batyrlar jyrynda» jәne ózge de shejire-dastandarda Alladan keyingi auyzgha kóp alynatyny osy «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shilten» bolatyn.
Ol kezde Manghystaudan jyraqta jýrgendikten sol batyrlarmen birge mende Qyryq Shiltenge baryp, basyna ziyarat etsem dep armandadym. Sol armanymdy oryndau tym úzaqqa sozyldy. Sebebi, biz elge (Manghystaugha) qayta oralghanymyzda sopylyq ilimning shyrqau shynynda túrghan ejelgi qazaq mәdeniyetining oty óshuge ainalghan. Manghystauda birde-bir sopylyq ilim ordalary qalmaghan. Bәrin qiratqan. Qiratpaghanyn mal qora men araq saqtaytyn qoymagha ainaldyrghan. Dini sauatty ghúlama-ghalymdardyng bәrin týrmege qamaghan, atqan, atpaghandaryn jer audarghan, qalghandaryn qoldaryndaghy maldaryn tartyp alyp qyrghyngha úshyratqan. Qysqasy, resmy derekterde kórsetilgendey 1919 jyly Manghystau da 350-400 mynday Qaz Adaylar túrghan bolsa, sodan 1935 jylghy esep te 35-40 day ghana qalghan.
Patshalyq, Kenestik orys ilimining ýsh ghasyr boyy ýzdiksiz jazghan, jalghan sayasy jazbalarynyng saldarynan Manghystaulyq barlyq әuliyeler ózge últtargha telingen. Tipti, Sovettik tәrbie alghan Manghystaulyq kózi ashyq, kókiregi oyau bilimdi jandardyng ózi solargha senip, sol jalghan senimdi óz shygharmalaryna arqau etken. Mysaly, solardyng eng kórnektisi S.Qondybaydyng «Qaraman Ata» atty enbeginde «Qaraman Ata 362 әuliyening biri sanalatyn eski qorym, býginde memleket qarauyndaghy múrajay, jerasty meshiti bar, qasiyetti oryn, óz últy Týrikpen bolsa kerek» degen joldar bar. Osy joldardy basshylyqqa alghan býgingi tarihshylar Qaraman atany tek qana týrkpenderge telip jýr. Búl qate tújyrym. Búnyng shejire deregin «Qobylandy batyr» jyrynan tabamyz. Onda Qiyat ruynan shyqqan «Seyilding úly Qaraman batyrdyn» beynesi somdalghan. Al, Qiyan (Qiyat) Qorqyt baba men Shynghys han shyqqan rudyng aty emes pe?
Endi әngimemizding ózegi Qyryq Shiltenge oralayyq. Zeynetke shyghyp, ólkemizding tarihyn zertteu júmystarymen ainalysqan songhy 10 jylda Qyryq Shiltendi ýzbey úzaq izdedim. Jazba derekterding talayyn aqtardym, ólkemizding sóz biletin, jer biletin talay azamattaryna súrau saldym. Serikbol bauyrymyzdyng kitabyndaghy myna derekterge:
«Qyryq Shilten. Qaraghan týbektegi Ashymúryn mýiisinen ontýstikte 16-17 km jerde. Basqa mәlimet joq. Jalpy Orta Aziyalyq islamdaghy «qyryq shilten» úghymy sufistik aghymdarmen baylanysty. Múndaghy «shilten» - parsy tilindegi «qyryq» degen sózdi (chilitan) bildiredi, tek qazaq tilining aitylu zandylyghyna baghynyp, ózgeriske úshyraghan.
...Eren ghayyp qyryq shiltender eposta – kózge kórinbeytin jauynger-batyrlar nemese olardyng ruhtary retinde týsinilgen. Onyng bir qorymynyng Manghystauda, onyng tenizge astasyp jatqan túsy – Qaraghan týbekte kezdesui, sirә, kezdeysoq emes, ókinishtisi, manghystaulyq shilten-erenderge qatysty anyzdar jinaqtalmaghan» (S.Qondybay «Manghystau men Ýstirtting kiyeli oryndary» Almaty-2000. 91 bet) degen derekke sýienip, sol ónirdi jaman mashinammen týgel sharladym. Óstip jýrgende bes-alty jylda óte shyqty.
Mine byltyr sәti týsip qolyma Manghystaudyng ejelgi kartasy týsti. Kartanyng qolyma týsuine sebepker bolghan jan «Aral-Kaspiy aralyghy tarihiy-mәdeny eskertkishterindegi arab grafikaly mәtinderding anyqtamalyghy» (Almaty, Babamúra-M baspasy, 2015) atty kitaptyng avtory Núrlan Qúlbaev (Qazaqstannyng әigili suretshisi marqúm Aytbay Qúlbaevtyng balasy) degen azamat boldy. Qorym karta da «Ghayyp Eren Qyryq Shilten» emes, tek qana «Qyryq Shilten» dep atalypty.
Qorym Taushyq – Aq Ketik (qazirgi Fort Shevchenko) qalasy jolynyng 31-shi km-de (kerisinshe Aq Ketik – Taushyq jolynyng 60 km-de) joldyng ong jaq, yaghny teniz jaq betinde 400-500 metrdey jerdegi qystaudyng qarsy aldyndaghy qoradan 200 metrdey jerde ornalasqan. Qorym aumaghynyng eni elu, kóldeneni jýz metr shamasynda.
Qorymnyng qaq ortasynda kezinde óndelmegen ýlkendi-kishili tastardan qalanghan kesene bolghany anyq bayqalatyn ýlken tas ýiindi bar. Aumaghy 10*10 metrdey jerdi alyp jatyr. Osy kesene ýiindisinen 10 metrdey jerde qatarynan jatqan tórt qúlpytas bar. Úzyndyghy 60 sm. men bir metr arasynda. Ýstinde Manghystaudaghy ejelgi qorymdardyng bәrinde derlik kóptep kezdesetin ýstinde «asa tayaq» belgisi bar sopylyq ilim jolyn qughandar basyna qoyylatyn qúlpytastary bar. Ekeui birshama jaqsy saqtalghan. Ýshinshisin jel mýjip tastaghan, tek qana súlbasy jatyr. Al tórtinshisi synyp 3 bólikke bólingen. Qorymda jalpy sany aitsa aitqanday 40 shamasynda beyit bar.
Qorymnyng teniz jaq shetinde óndelmegen tastan qalanyp salynghan birneshe beyit bar. Bireuining ýstine qazaqtyng handary kiyetin tәjge úqsas tas belgi qoyylghan. Olardan da basqa basyna tek tas stellalar qoyylghan jәne uaqyt tezine tótep bere almay jermen jeksen bolyp ketken birneshe beyitting oryndary bayqalady. Qorymda jogharyda kórsetkenimdey tórt qúlpytastan basqa, birde-bir óndelgen tas ta, rulyq tanba da joq.
Ortalyq qiraghan keseneden jol jaqqa qaray 50 metrdey jerde aumaghy 10*10 metr shamasynda, kezinde ýlken etip salynghany anyq kórinip túrghan ejelgi ghimarattyng ornyn, týneuhana orny bolar dep shamalaugha әbden bolghanday. Sebebi, astynda qorym joq, tabany qima taspen qiymdalyp tóselgeni aiqyn bayqalady.
Qorym teniz jaghalauynan onsha alys emes. Qorym túrghan tóbeshikten tenizde, teniz jaghasyndaghy jarqabaq ta alaqandaghyday aiqyn kórinedi. Qorym Shaqpaq ata men Súltan epe qorymdarynyng orta jerinde ornalasqan. Osy qorymnan Ketik baghytyna qaray teniz jaghalay jýrgende Kenti baba 10 km + ary qaray Súltan epe 1 km = 11 km. shamasy bolady. Al, keri qaray yaghny Taushyq baghytyna qaray teniz jaghalap ketseniz 11 km. shamasynda Shaqpaq Ata jer asty meshitine tap bolasyz. Qorymnyng Aq Ketik baghytynda Kishi Qaraghashty - 2 km; ýlken Qaraghashty 12 km; Maya qorymy 17-18 km. shamasynda. Qapam Ata qorymy da osy ónirde, 5-6 km. jerde. Zer salyp qarasaq, Manghystau da eski qorymsyz bos jatqan birde-bir biyik jer (tóbeshik) tappaysyz. Biz búdan búl ónirding kezinde ýlken mәdeniyet oshaghy bolghanyn aiqyn angharamyz.
Bilmegen adam «u» isher degen osy bolar. Tipti ýy men qoranyng qaq ortasynda da ejelgi beyitterding orny jatyr. Ýstin mal men adam bәri basqylap jýr.
Keleshek te «Qyryq Shilten» әuliyening molasynyng qasyndaghy qystaudy qorymnan alysyraq jerge kóshirgen, nemese tek qana qorany qystaudyng qarsy jaq betine audaryp, qorymnyng syrtyn qorshaghan dúrys bolar edi.
Ángimening qysqasy qorym qarausyz qalghan. Aumaly tókpeli zar-zamannyng tepkisi jergilikti halyqty qyrghyngha úshyratty. Aman qalghany jer audy. Qozghaushy kýshi jebreyler bolghan Kenes biyligi halyqtyng tili men dinin qoldanugha, kóktem merekesi Nauryz toyyn toylaugha, Ata-babalarynyng aruaghyna arnap as-sadaqa beruge tyiym salyp, Ata-babalarynyng aruaghynda eske aldyrmaugha baryn saldy. Halyq ziyarat etetin Úly Atalarymyz jatqan әuliyeli oryndardy qúlatty, qiratty, basyndaghy belgilerdi alyp tastap ýstine dәl osylay mal qoralar saldy.
«Ghayyp Eren qyryq shilten» sopylyq ilimning shyrqap shyqqan shyny. Búl shyngha shyqqandar Allanyng qalauymen qarapayym adamdar kóre almaytyn dýniyelerdi kóredi, qarapayym adamdar istey almaytyn dýniyelerdi isteydi. Allanyng haq jolynda jýrgen adal jandardy qoldauyna alady. Mysaly: Adamdar men elderdi alda ne kýtip túrghanyn boljap saqtandyrady. Kez kelgen aurudyng shipasyn taba biledi. Ólikke jan beru, aspangha qús bolyp úshu, qara sudy teris aghyzu, qajet kezinde jel shaqyru, jauyn jaughyzu, dauyl túrghyzu siyaqty ne bir týrli keremetterdi jasaydy. Jay adamdargha kórinbey jýre alady, alty ailyq jolgha kózdi ashyp, júmghansha jetedi. Olar osy ómirde qalay bolsa, olardyng ruhtary da tura solay jýrekteri Alla dep soghatyn, adal niyetti jandardy qamqorlyghyna alyp jýredi. Mine dәl sonday túlghalardyng songhy túyaqtarynyng biri Áulie Beket – Pir Ata bolyp tabylady. Úly Jaratushy – Allany shyn sýiip, tarihat jolyn zertteytin sopylyq ilimdi asa joghary dengeyde mengergen Úly Atalarymyzdyng ózderi myna jaryq dýnie de adamdargha dúrys jol siltep, qoldau bildirse, sol Atalarymyzdyng aruaghy da úrpaqtaryna tura solay jasaghan.
Úly Atalarymyz jerlengen kiyeli oryndar úrpaghymen birge jasaydy. Úrpaghy úmytpasa Áuliyeler de úmytpaydy. Últtyq ruhany janghyrudyng búdan asqan joly joq.
OSY JOLDARDY OQYGhAN BARShANYZGhA ÚLY JARATUShY – ALLA IMAN BERGEY!
Múhambetkәrim Qojyrbayúly, Manghystau
Abai.kz