Aleksandr Narodeskiy. Qazaqtar bastarynan keshken zúlmatty úmytugha jaqyn
Eger qazaqtar 1932-33 jyldary ashtyqtan qyrylghan jýzdegen myng alys-jaqyn tughandarynyng әruaqtaryn eske alghysy kelse, onda búl sharany olar óz Otanynda emes, tek Ukrainagha kelip ótkizgen bolar edi. Nege búlay? Mýmkin, biraz uaqyt ótken song múnday nәrseni bireuler sandyraq degen bolar. Biraq, býgingi shyndyq mynaday: Qazaqstanda Úly ashtyq qyrghyny jayly aitugha is jýzinde tiym salynghan.
Qarasha aiynyng songhy aptasy qalyptasqan dәstýr boyynsha ukraindyqtar ýshin Ashtyq qyrghynyn eske alu kýni retinde atap ótiledi. Ukrainanyng eng mәrtebeli sanalatyn jogharghy oqu orny - Kiyev-Mogilyansk Akademiyasynda júrtshylyq aldynda «1932-33 jyldardaghy Ukrainada bolghan Ashtyq qyrghyny jayly Memlekettik Qauipsizdik Qyzmetining qújattary sóileydi» degen kitaptyng túsaukeseri bolyp ótti. Búl kitapta Ukrainanyng Qauipsizdik Qyzmetining (1930-1980) qúpiyalary ashylghan qújattarynyng Ashtyq jayly tolyq tizimi qamtylghan, birinshi ret basylyp shygharylghan, mazmúny qysqasha týrde berilgen alghashqy basylym.
Eger qazaqtar 1932-33 jyldary ashtyqtan qyrylghan jýzdegen myng alys-jaqyn tughandarynyng әruaqtaryn eske alghysy kelse, onda búl sharany olar óz Otanynda emes, tek Ukrainagha kelip ótkizgen bolar edi. Nege búlay? Mýmkin, biraz uaqyt ótken song múnday nәrseni bireuler sandyraq degen bolar. Biraq, býgingi shyndyq mynaday: Qazaqstanda Úly ashtyq qyrghyny jayly aitugha is jýzinde tiym salynghan.
Qarasha aiynyng songhy aptasy qalyptasqan dәstýr boyynsha ukraindyqtar ýshin Ashtyq qyrghynyn eske alu kýni retinde atap ótiledi. Ukrainanyng eng mәrtebeli sanalatyn jogharghy oqu orny - Kiyev-Mogilyansk Akademiyasynda júrtshylyq aldynda «1932-33 jyldardaghy Ukrainada bolghan Ashtyq qyrghyny jayly Memlekettik Qauipsizdik Qyzmetining qújattary sóileydi» degen kitaptyng túsaukeseri bolyp ótti. Búl kitapta Ukrainanyng Qauipsizdik Qyzmetining (1930-1980) qúpiyalary ashylghan qújattarynyng Ashtyq jayly tolyq tizimi qamtylghan, birinshi ret basylyp shygharylghan, mazmúny qysqasha týrde berilgen alghashqy basylym.
Kitapta sonymen birge, ataulyq jәne geografiyalyq indeksteri berilgen. Ataulary bar bólimde Ashtyq qyrghyndarynyng esimderimen qosa búl zúlmatty úiymdastyrushy-ókilder - sudiyalar, prokurorlar, partiya, kenes belsendilerining attary jazylghan. Sonymen birge qúpiyalyq belgiden alynghan USSR KGB-ng jazbalary men habarlamalary berilgen. Búl jazbalarda Úly ashtyq qyrghyny jayly aqiqatty syrtqa shygharmaudyng әdisteri men oghan qarsy kýres týrleri tәptishtep jazylghan.
Kenestik Ukrainanyng zamanyndaghy arnauly qyzmet oryndarynyng iydeologtary jýrgizgen (barlyq odaqtas respublikalarda sol kezde jýrgizilgen) osy júmysty qazirgi tәuelsiz Qazaqstannyng memlekettik apparaty ainytpay qaytalap otyr. Qazaq dalasynda bolghan Úly ashtyq qyrghyny jayly aqiqat ÚQK-ng jeti qabat jer astyndaghy tereng sandyghynda jatyr. Tipti, preziydentting jeke múraghatynyng ózinde ashtyq qúrbandary jayly derekterding biraz sheti ashylyp qaluy mýmkin. Áytse de, preziydentting basqaru zamanynda kenestik rejim jasaghan búl zúlmatty býgingi biylikting әshkerelemesi anyq. Nege? Álde, qylmys jalghasyp jatqandyqtan ba?
Eske alu sharalarynyng eng basty kýni - 27 qarashada ukraindyq búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynda eldegi ataqty sayasy qayratkerlerding júrtshylyqqa ýndeuleri jariyalandy. Búl ýndeulerding ón boyynda qayratkerlerdin Úly ashtyq qyrghynyn atap ótuge basty qarsy kisi (reseylik iydeologtardan keyingi) - Núrsúltan Ábishúly Nazarbaevqa arnaghan sózderi de bar eken. Búl kisi qazaq últynyng tarihynda onyng basynan keshken eng zor, súrapyl zúlmat jayly birden-bir aitqyzbaushysy, ýndetpeushisi bolyp otyr. Qanday kýsh, әlde qorqynysh pa, nege ekeni belgisiz búl kisini óz halqynyn, óz tughandary men qandastary keshken qyrghyn zúlmat jayly ony ýndetpey otyrghanyn bilmeymiz.
Sirә, osy kisige arnap Viktor Yushenko myna sózderdi aitsa kerek: «Óz halqynnan, tól tarihynnan, óz bolashaghynnan qorqyp qajeti joq. Úly ashtyq qyrghyny jayly bizding jadymyz - elimizdi ruhany mesheulikten qútqaratyn ghalamat ruhany shipa, em. Onyng en ýlken manyzdylyghy sonda, búl - әrbir bozdaqtyng taghdyryna týsetin sәuleli dúgha».
Ukrainanyng býgingi preziydenti Viktor Yanukovichting myna sózi Nazarbaevqa arnalmaghan dep qalay aitugha bolady: «..Úly ashtyq qyrghynynda qyrylghandardyng aldynda taghy da basymyzdy iyemiz. Elimizde múnday qara týnek, súmdyq zúlymdyqty endi eshuaqytta boldyrmaugha uәde beremiz».
yliya Timoshenkonyng júrt aldynda aitqan myna sózderi Qazaqstan preziydenti jeke ózimen ózi qalghanda onyng oiyna keletin bolar. «1932-33 jyldary oryn alghan Ashtyq qyrghyny - stalindik rejimning bizding halqymyzgha qarsy jasaghan súmdyq zúlymdyghy, HH ghasyrdaghy eng ghalamat tragediyasy. Adamdardyng óz boyyndaghy erkindikke úmtyluyn syndyrmaq bolghan kenes basshylyghy olargha qarsy eng súmdyq jazalau әdisin - jasandy ashtyqty qoldandy. Oba indetine úqsaghan azyq-týlikti tәrkileumen a
ynalysatyn arnayy «qyzyl keruender» brigadasy býkil eldi aralap, artynda azap, qayghy jәne ólim qaldyrdy».
Áriyne, Núrsúltan Nazarbaev múnday jazalau әdisterining tek Ukrainada ghana emes, Qazaqstanda da jýrgizilgenin jaqsy biledi. Búl jәitterdi qyrylghan әruaqtaryn eske alugha rúqsat ala almay otyrghandar da jaqsy biledi. Ashtyq qyrghyndaryna arnalghan eskertkish qoyamyz degen uәde de oryndalmay otyr.
...Qarashanyng 27-i senbisinde Kiyevtegi Mihaylov alanyndaghy Ashtyq qúrbandaryna qoyylghan eskertkishke myndaghan adamdar aghylyp kele bastady. Olar búl jerde «Jadymyzda saqtaymyz» degen shyraq jaghu ghibadatyn ótkizdi. Búl shara tek qana Ukrainada ghana emes, shet elderde de jalghasyn tapty. Eske alu sharalary Avstraliyanyn - Kanberra, Adelaida, Pert, Sidney, Brisben, Meliburn jәne Niukasl qalalarynda ótti. Shyraqtar Erevannyng Surb Zoravar shirkeuinde, Gresiyanyng Afiny, Malakas qalalarynda, Rimning ortalyq alanynda jaghyldy. 27 qarashada shyraqtar Kanadanyn qalalary - Vankuver, Ottava, Gamiliton, Oshav, Sent-Keterins, Toronto jәne Vindzorda jaghyldy. Búl aksiya sonymen birge Portugaliyada, Serbiyada, AQSh-a, Fransiyada, Horvatiya men Chehiyada ótti.
Tek eki el ghana, Ukrainamen para par ashtyq qyrghynyn basynan keshken - Resey men Qazaqstan ýn shygharmady. Biraq, halyqtyng zary men múnyna qarsy qamal soghu óte qauipti. Qazaqtyng sanasynyng tereng týbinde jatqan sher men múng kýnderding bir kýninde búl qamaldy búzyp shyghady. Biylikting onday selge qarsy shyghar kýshi bolmaydy. Áruaqtardy úmyttyrugha eshkimning kónbesi anyq.
Qazaq qasireti
Búl ólendi ótken ghasyrdyn otyzynshy jyldary Qazaqstangha jer audarylghan jas orys qyzy Tatiyana Nevadovskaya jazghan.
Sol kezdegi qazaq dalasyndaghy Úly ashtyq qyrghynyn kórip, oghan kókiregi qars aiyrylghan, kórgenin qarapayym shumaqtargha týsirgen jas qyzdyng ólen joldary eriksiz túla boydy shymyrlatady.
Qazaqtyn qasiretin kórip kókiregi qam bolyp qan jylaghan, qazaqtyn qayghysyna ortaq bolghan Tatiyananyn búl óleni әli kýnge deyin qazaq tiline audarylmaghan eken.
Abay zamanyndaghy Tatiyananyng әni qazaq dalasynda erkin qalyqtaghan bolsa, kenes zamanyndaghy Tatiyananyng zarly múnyn eshkim esty almapty.
Sazgerler men jyrshylarymyz osy ólendi layyqty maqammen әnge qossa, artyq bolmas.
T.Nevadovskaya
Kim tartady búl zúlmattyng zaualyn?
Nauryz edi, shuaqtanyp Kýn túrghan
Dala oyanyp, tirshilikke úmtylghan.
Asharshylyq qasireti jadymda
Qazaqtarym bastan keshken týn túman.
Qazaghym ash, ash ittey bop úlyghan
Isip-kepken, tym qayghyly, qiyn hal.
Ólip jatyr, búratylyp ashtyqtan,
Kýiinemin, mening tәuir kýiim bar.
Ash nәreste shyryldaydy ynyldap,
Ana shirkin sәbiyimen bir jylap.
Qos emshegin toqpaqtaydy qolymen,
Esi shyghyp, «sýti joq» dep túr jylap.
Beysharalyq halin kórip ananyn,
Kókirekti ezgileydi nala mún.
Asharshylyq apatynyng qúrbany,
Ayap túrmyn myna sәby balany.
Ólik sasyp jatyr myna dalanyz,
Asharshylyq, joq qoy saghan sharamyz.
Qúighan janbyr, suyq jel men ayazda,
Jansyz dene múz bop qatqan, qaranyz.
Shómele túr aidalada jinalghan,
Sabaqtary shirik tartyp ulanghan.
Bir jas sәby sodan masaq izdep jýr,
Nәzik qolmen sýrtip kózin sulanghan.
Kórinedi qabyrghasy yrsiyp,
Ishi isinip, syrtqa shyqqan tyrsiyp.
Úqsamaydy tiri adamgha súlbasy,
Tiri aruaq, adam emes, qúr siyq.
Beysharalar týnilgen búl ómirden,
Qar astynan jem izdedi qolymen.
Jaratqan-au, jan azabyn tartarday,
Jazyghy ne, týsinbeymin sony men?
Tóze almaymyn men mynanday súmdyqqa,
Arashashy bola almadym múndyqqa.
Qanday jauyz asharshylyq әkelgen,
Alas úrdym, kózim jetpey shyndyqqa.
Egin bitti el shýkirlik eterlik,
Nan men shay da, temeki de jeterlik.
Aua-rayyn syltau etip sandalsa,
Onday bylshyl bolar naghyz eserlik.
Keldi ýkimet, tәrkiledi astyqty,
Etti zorlyq, jasap elge qastyqty.
Kómilusiz qansha sýiek shashyldy,
Sony oilap suaramyn jastyqty.
Aytshy, ýkimet, búl ne qylghan mazaghyn?!
Kóz aldymda tartyp jannyng azabyn.
Malyn alyp, ýisiz-kýisiz qaldyrghan,
Ajal qúshyp qyryluda qazaghyn.
En dalany jaylaghanday jyn-peri,
Týk qaldyrmay túl etken kim búl jerdi?
Asharshylyq zúlmatyna kýni erten
Jauapker dep tarta alamyz kimderdi?
Kóshpeli el en dalany jaylaghan,
Malyn baghyp, qys soghymyn saylaghan,
Dihandyqqa beyim emes qazaqty,
Kim ajaldyng aranyna aidaghan?
Kim olardy súm ajalgha tap qylghan,
Qyryp-joyyp, jappay ajal taptyrghan,
Mang dalada mal ósirgen qazaqtyn
Shat kónilin, jayly ómirin joq qylghan?
Kókirekte kóp bolyp túr saualym,
Búl zúlmattyng kim beredi jauabyn?
Men súraymyn, aityndarshy aghayyn,
Kim tartady búl zúlmattyng zaualyn?!
Audarghan Saghat JÝSIP, Núradiyn QANATBAEV
«Abay-aqparat»