30. Qasiyetti Qúran oqu jәne sauabyn baghyshtau ýkimi
Mәiitke arnap Qúran oqugha, “Hatym Qúran” (Qúrandy basynan ayaghyna deyin oqyp shyghu) týsirip jәne onyng sauabyn marqúmgha baghyshtaugha bolady. Sauaby iyesine tek Alla taghalanyng әmirimen ghana tiyedi.
Abd ar-Rahman әl-Jaziriyding (r.a.) “Fiyqhu-l-Jaziri” atty kitabynda: “Mәiitke arnap Qúran oqudyng mәiitke paydasy bar”, - delingen.
31. Qaraly ýide tamaq jeu ýkimi
Marqúmnyng otbasyna kórshileri tamaq dayyndap beruleri - sýnnet. Olargha tipti “tamaq alynyz”, - dep qolqalap otyrsa da bolady. Óitkeni, qayghyly jandar tamaqqa qaramauy nemese úyaluy da mýmkin. Sebebi, Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s) imam at-Tirmizy jәne Hakim (r.a.) riuayat etken hadis shәripinde:
“Jaghfar (r.a.) qaytys boldy” degen habar kelgende: “Jaghfardyng ýiine tamaq aparyndar. Onyng otbasy  shúghyldanatyn is bolyp qaldy (janaza isteri men uayym, qayghy)”, - degen.

30. Qasiyetti Qúran oqu jәne sauabyn baghyshtau ýkimi
Mәiitke arnap Qúran oqugha, “Hatym Qúran” (Qúrandy basynan ayaghyna deyin oqyp shyghu) týsirip jәne onyng sauabyn marqúmgha baghyshtaugha bolady. Sauaby iyesine tek Alla taghalanyng әmirimen ghana tiyedi.
Abd ar-Rahman әl-Jaziriyding (r.a.) “Fiyqhu-l-Jaziri” atty kitabynda: “Mәiitke arnap Qúran oqudyng mәiitke paydasy bar”, - delingen.
31. Qaraly ýide tamaq jeu ýkimi
Marqúmnyng otbasyna kórshileri tamaq dayyndap beruleri - sýnnet. Olargha tipti “tamaq alynyz”, - dep qolqalap otyrsa da bolady. Óitkeni, qayghyly jandar tamaqqa qaramauy nemese úyaluy da mýmkin. Sebebi, Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s) imam at-Tirmizy jәne Hakim (r.a.) riuayat etken hadis shәripinde:
“Jaghfar (r.a.) qaytys boldy” degen habar kelgende: “Jaghfardyng ýiine tamaq aparyndar. Onyng otbasy  shúghyldanatyn is bolyp qaldy (janaza isteri men uayym, qayghy)”, - degen.
Qaraly ýiding túrmysy auyr nemese bireulerge qaryzy bolsa, olardyng odan әri qaryzgha batyp as beruleri dúrys emes. Ol ýiden as shyghartpau kerek. Taghamdy tuysqandary, jora-joldastary nemese kórshileri ýiinde jasauyna bolady. Ózderi jaqyndarynan airylyp qayghyryp otyrghan ýy iyelerine tamaq әzirletip, kisi kýttirip qoyghan dúrys emes. Mәiitti birneshe kýn jatqyzyp qoyyp, qonaq kýtuding qamyna kirisu kýnә. Eng әueli mәiitti juyndyru, kebindeu, janazasyn oqu jәne jerleu isteri músylman moynyndaghy kezek kýttirmeytin negizgi mindeti ekenin úmytpaghanymyz jón. Tughan-tuys, jora-joldas, kórshi-qolandary qaza iyesine jәne alystan kelgen kónil bildirushilerge as dayyndap beruine bolady.
32. Mәiitti shygharu men jerleuge aparu ýkimi
Mәiitti juu, kebindeu jәne janazasyn shygharu siyaqty, marqúmdy jerleuge aparu da paryz kifaya.
Nәresteni nemese odan ýlken balany er kisi qolyna alyp, qabirstangha kóterip aparady. Balany týsirip almau ýshin basqalardyng demep jýruine bolady. Balany at ýstinde otyryp ta aparugha bolady.
Ýlken kisini at ýstinde t.b. kóterip aparu mәk¬rýh. Biraq ýzirli (sebepti) jaghdayda rúqsat etiledi. Mәiitti jerleuge apara jatqanda mәiit tabytta qatty selkildemeytindey ortasha jyldamdyqpen jýru - mústahab.
Áyel tabytynyng ýstine mata ne sol sekildi t.b. nәrsemen jauyp qong -  sýnnәt. Mәiit  ýstin jer¬lep bitkenshe mata yaky t.b. nәrsemen kólegeylep  túru lәzim.
33. Mәiitti shygharudaghy janama nәrseler ýkimi
Mәiitti jerleuge kólikpen aparugha bolady, alayda jaqyn bolsa jayau aparghan abzal. Kólikpen mәiit aldyna týsip jýrmegen jón.  Óitkeni, shang kóterip nemese batpaqtatyp mәiit әkele jatqan arttaghy adamdargha kedergi jasaluy mýmkin. Sondyqtan mәiitti shygharyp salushylar mәiit artynda jýrgeni abzal. Al mәiit aldynan úzap ketken bolsa jýruge bolady (ong jaq nemese sol jaghynda jýruden, artynda jýru abzal, tym qalyp qoymay jaqynyraq bolu - mústahab). Mәiitti shygharyp saluda ortasha jyldamdyqpen jýru - mústahab.
Mәiitti qabirstangha dauys shygharmay aparu sýnnәt. Qúran Kәrim oqyp, zikir, ónegeli sózder aityp dauys shygharu da mәkrýh. Allany zikir etkisi kelgen adam ishtey zikir aitsyn, sonday-aq janazagha shyraq nemese týtin týtetkish aparylmaydy. Sebebi, Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.) ózining hadis shәripinde:
“Mәiitti shygharyp salghanda dauys shygharyp ta, (shyraq alyp ta) jýrmender”,- degen.
Sharighatqa teris is bayqalsa (muzyka oinau nemese әielderding aiqaylap jylauy jәne t.b.), oghan tyiym salu kerek. Qazaly ýige kónil aita kelgenderding mәiitti qabirstangha deyin shygharyp saluy jәne jerleu rәsimi bitkenge deyin kýtkeni abzal. Kónil aitugha kele túra janaza namazyna qatyspau - mәkrýh.
34. Mәiitti joqtau ýkimi
Ábu Hanifa (r.a.) mәzhabynda qaytys bolghan kisini joqtap, ókirip jylau - haram, qatty dauys kótermey jylaugha bolady. Mәiitting bar jaqsylyghyn sanamalap, óksip, betin tyrnap, kiyimin jyrtyp, nemese shashyn júlyp sharighatqa qayshy sózder aityp jylaugha bolmaydy. Óitkeni, Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s) imam әl-Buhary men Muslim (r.a.) riuayat etken hadis shәripinde:
“Bireu qaytys bolghanda betin úrghylap, tyrnap, ýstindegi kiyimin jyrtyp jәne nadandarsha aiqaylap jylaghan adam bizden emes”, - degen.

35. Mәiitti jerleu jәne onyng ýkimi
Mәiitti sharighatqa say jerleu - paryz kifaya. Jerleuge mýmkinshilik bolmasa, mysaly, bir kisi tenizde keme ýstinde qaytys bolyp, ony jaghagha jet¬kiz¬genshe mәiit búzylyp keter bolsa, onda mәiitke auyr bir nәrse baylap, sugha tastaugha bolady.
Jerdi ang qaza almaytynday jәne ólik iyisi shyqpaytynday tereng qazu uәjip. Ábu Hanifa (r.a.) mәzhaby boyynsha qabirding terendigi kem degende orta boyly adamnyng jartysynday boluy qajet. Búdan  terenirek bolsa abzalyraq. Mәiitti jerlegen song ysyrapqa jol berip, kýmbezder salu, ataghyn shygharu ýshin bәsekelesu, talasu sharighatymyzda joq amal.
Jer qyrtysy qatty bolsa, lahad jasau (astyn ýngip qazu) - sýnnәt. Lahad qabirding tómengi qybyla jaghynan mәiit siyatynday etip qazylady. Al jer qyrtysy júmsaq bolsa, lahad qazu qajet emes. Qazihan Mahmud әl-Uzghandiyding pәtuasynda: “Jer júmsaq bolsa, lahat qazbay-aq, qabirding ortasyn tómen qaray taghy da qazyp, ishine mәiitti qoyyp ýstin jәne ainalasyn qyshpen qalau kerek”, - degen. Ál-Alәmgiriya men Miyghraju-l-dirayada da osylay delingen. Mәiitti qabirge qoyghanda jýzin qybylagha qaratyp jatqyzu - uәjip.
Mәiitti qybylagha qaratyp, ong jaq býiirine jatqyzar kezde: “Bismillәhy ua alә millәty Rasulillәhi” (s.gh.s) dep aitu sýnnet. “Fathu-l-Qadiyr” sharhynda: “Mәiit qabirding qybyla jaghyna qoyylady. Mәiitti qabirge qoyatyn kisi, mәiitti lahadqa qoyghanda qybylagha qarap túrady”, - delingen. Mәiitti qabirge ong jaq býiirimen jýzin qybylagha qaratyp qoyady. Eger jýzin qybylagha qaratpasa nemese shalqasynan sol býiir jaghyna jatqyzyp ýstin topyraqpen kómip qoyghannan keyin dúrys qoyylmaghandyghy bayqalsa da qabirdi qayta qazbaydy. Biraq jogharydaghy aitylghan jәitterdi kómu aldynda bilip qalsa, tipti lahad qyshpen órilip qoyylsa da, mәiitti turalap jatqyzu ýshin ashu kerek. Mәiitti qabirge ong jaq býiirimen qoyghanda, qybylagha qarap jatuy ýshin bas-ayaghyn qyshpen nemese topyraqpen sýiep qoi - mústahab. Mәiitti tabytqa salyp jerleu - mәkrýh, tek oghan jer qúmdy nemese sazdy bolsa ghana rúqsat etiledi. Biraq tabyt temirden bolmauy kerek. Mәiitpen birge kórpe-jastyq siyaqty zattardy qabirge salu - mәkrýh. Mәiit lahadqa qoyylghan song adamdardyng ýsh uys topyraq saluy - músta¬hab. Topyraqty mәiitting bas jaghyna tastaydy.
1-shi uys tastaghanda “Miynhә holaqnakum”, (topyraqtan jarattyq) - dep aitu, 2-shi uys tastaghanda “Uә Fiha núidukum”, (jәne topyraqqa qaytaramyz), al 3-shisin tastaghanda “Uә miynhә nuhrijukum tәrotan uhro”, (jәne topyraqtan qayta shygharamyz), - dep aitady.
Qabirge tómpeshik bolghangha deyin topyraq ýiiledi. Qabir ýstine bir qarystay topyraq ýiilui - mústahab. Qabir ýsti týie órkeshi sekildi etip ýiiledi. Qabirding tóbesin gipsteu nemese neshe týrli mayly nәrseler jaghu - mәkrýh.
Qabir ýstine tas nemese aghash, mәiitti belgileu ýshin qoyylady. Al maqtan ýshin, baylyghyn kórsetu ýshin qoy - haram. Ábu Hanifa (r.a.) mәzhaby qabir ýstine belgi qoyyp, oghan jazu jazugha rúqsat etedi. Biraq suret jәne mýsin qoyylmaydy.
36. Qabirde otyru, úiyqtau, qabirge dәretke otyru jәne onyng ýstimen jýru ýkimi
Qabir ýstinde otyru nemese úiyqtau yaky jýru - mәkrýh. Qabirding ýstine ýlken nemese kishi dәretke otyru - mәkrýh tahrimy (haramgha jaqyn mәkrýh). Ata-anasy, bauyry, tuysynyng qabirine barghysy kelgen adam basqa qabirdi baspay, ainalyp ótui lәzim. Qabir basyna eshqanday shýberek baylanbaydy, tiyn-teben tastalmaydy.
37. Mәiitti qaytqan jerinen basqa jerge aparu ýkimi
Mәiitti qaytys bolghan jerge jerleu - mústahab. Mәiit denesi búzylmaytyn bolsa basqa jerge aparyp jerleuge bolady. Jerlengen mәiitti qayta qazyp, ekinshi bir jerge kóshiru - haram. Biraq jerlengen jer bireuding menshigi bolyp jәne ol әketudi talap etse nemese kópshilikke óte qajet qúrylys, ne jol salynatyn bolsa, yaki, qabirding su astynda qalu qaupi tónse, mәiitti basqa jerge kóshiruge bolady.
38. Qabirdi qayta ashu ýkimi
Mәiit sýiegi qabirde әbden shirip joq boldy-au degenge deyin qabirdi ashu haram. Biraq ta mәiit bireuden tartyp alynghan kebinge kebindelgen nemese tartyp alynghan jerde jerlengen, yaky jer iyesi mәiitting onda jerlenuine qarsy bolsa, nemece mәiit týrli dýniye-mýlikpen birge jerlense, qabirdi qayta ashugha bolady. Búl rette mәiitting búzylghan-búzylmaghandyghyna qaramaydy. Mәiitting jaqynda¬ry jerdi nemese kebin aqshasyn iyesinen satyp alsa, yaky basqa jolmen rizashylyghyn alghan jaghdayda qabir qayta ashylmaydy. Sonday-aq qylmysty tekseru sekildi keybir sebepterge baylanysty qúzyrly organdar qabirdi ashudy talap etken jaghdayda, talap oryndalady.
39. Bir qabirge birneshe kisini birge jerleu ýkimi
Bir qabirge ýzirsiz (sebepsiz) birneshe mәiitti jerleu - mәkrýh. Oba (tyrysqaq) auruy taraghanda nemese soghys kezinde qabir qazyp ýlgermese, bir jerge birneshe mәiitti qoigha bolady.
As-Sarahsiyding (r.a.) “Ál-Muhiyt” atty kitabyn¬da asa múqtaj bolghanda ghana bir qabirge eki-ýsh adamdy jerleuge bolatyny jayly aitylady. Qabirge birneshe adam qoyylatyn bolsa, olardyng abzalyraghy birinshi jatqyzylady, sodan keyin basqalary qoyylady.
Eger ýlkendermen birge jastar da jerlenetin bolsa, onda ýlkender aldymen qoyylady. Eger er-әiel aralas bolsa, onda erler birinshi qoyylady. Mәiitter arasyn topyraqpen bólip qoi qajet.
40. Taghziya (kónil aitu) ýkimi
Qaraly adam (mәiitting jaqyndary) kónil aitushylardy qabyldau maqsatynda ýiinde 3 kýn aza tútuyna bolady. Taghziya kisining jan tapsyrghan uaqytynan bastalady.
Kónil aitushy mәiit jaqyndaryn sabyrgha shaqyryp, sauapqa keneluin tilep, olargha júbatu sózderin aitady.
41. Qabirstandy ziyarat etu ýkimi
Aqyretti oilap, qabirstandy ziyarat etuge bolady. Barghan adamdar dúgha jasauy, mәiitter ýshin Qúran Kәrimdi oqyp baghyshtaghany jón. Mәiitke onyng paydasy bar. Qabirstangha júma yaky odan bir kýn búryn nemese keyin barsa da bolady. Ziyaratqa barghan adamnyng myna sózderdi aituy kerek:
“Ássәlәmu alәikum iә әhlәl-qubuur, uә innә insha Allahu bikum lәlaahiqun ua әs-әlulloha lәna  uә lәkumul afiyah”.
(”Ua qabirstan qauymy! Sizge Allanyng sәlemi bol¬syn! Alla qalasa әlbette biz senderge qosyla¬myz. Alladan bizdi jәne senderdi keshiruin tileymiz”).
Payghambarymyzdyng (s.gh.s) qabir-shәripine ziyarat etu sauap.
Payghambarymyzdyng hadis shәripterinde: “Qabirlerge ziyarat etinder. Ol aqiyretti eske týsiredi” delingen.
Ziyarat etushi ziyaratty sharighat ýkimderine say atqaruy tiyis. Marqúmdardan esh nәrse súralmaydy.

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QOSYMShA
Súraq: Islamda mәiit jatqan bólmege shyraq jaghyp qoi bar ma?
Jauap: Mәiit  jatqan bólmege shyraq jaghyp qoi dúrys emes.
Súraq: Ólgen kisining janazasy shygharylghangha deyin týnde qasynda birneshe adam tangha deyin úiyqtamay kýzetip otyru dúrys pa?
Jauap: Joq. Ony sharighatymyz búiyrmaghan.
Súraq: Mәiitti juugha neshe adam týsedi  jәne mәiitti qanday iyis sumen juugha bolady? Kebinge qalampyr ýgitip salu shart pa?
Jauap: Mәiitti juuda sharighat boyynsha juushylardyng sany shart emes. Shamasy kelse bir kisining de juuyna bolady. Alayda, kómekshilerding bolghany jaqsyraq. Sonday-aq sýiekke qúda-jekjat, tuystarynan týsemin deushiler bolsa,  oghan sharighat qarsy emes.
Sharighat boyynsha mәiitti juu - paryz. Mәiit iyis may qosylmaghan taza sumen juylsa da paryz oryndalghan bolyp sanalady. Biraq mәiitti ýshinshi ret jughanda sugha iyis may qosu - mútahab. Al qalampyr nemese basqa nәrseler kebinge qosa oralmaydy.
Súraq: Eger mәiit qos jynysty, yaghny hunsa bolsa, ony kimder juugha tiyis? Erler me, әielder me?
Jauap: Balaghat jasyna jetken әieldik jәne erkektik jynysy bar (hunsa mushkiyl) adamdy әielder de, erkekter de jumaydy. Jabylghan kýide tәiәmmým aldyrylady. Kebinderi yqtiattyq túrghysynan әielderdiki sekildi bes qabat bolghany jón. Ýsh qabat bolghan jaghdayda da jaramdy.
Súraq: Mәiitti juyndyryp, kebindep bolghan song ýiden basymen, әlde ayaghymen shygharu kerek pe?
Jauap: Mәiitti juyndyryp, kebindep bolghan song ýiden basymen yaky ayaghymen shygharu kerek degen sharighattyng talaby joq. Mәiitti ýiding ynghayyna qaray basymen yaky ayaghymen de shyghara beruge bolady.
Súraq: Sýnnettelmegen músylmannyng jerleu rәsimi ózge músylmandardy jerlegennen ózgeshe bola ma?
Jauap: Joq.
Súraq: Tabyttaghy mәiitti kólikke salghansha jerge ýsh ret qoi jәne ýstine shay, nan taghamdaryn qoyyp, basynan ainaldyru qajet pe? (dúrys pa?)
Jauap: Búlar dinde joq, adamdar tarapynan oidan shygharylghan amaldar.
Súraq: Keybir jerlerde janaza namazy seysenbi kýnine kelip qalsa, namazdy týs aua oqu әdetke ainalghan. Búghan sharighatta negiz bar ma?
Jauap: Negiz joq.
Súraq: Ómirinde namaz oqymaghan adamnyng janazasy shygharyla ma?
Jauap: Ol músylman bolsa janazasy oqylady.
Súraq: Shoshqa baqqan nemese onyng etin satqan adamdar ólse, oghan janaza namazy oqyla ma?
Jauap: Donyz etin satqan, ony baqqan kisi de sharighat boyynsha kýnәhar. Biraq ol dinnen shyqpaydy. Sol sebepti onday kisi dýniyeden ótkende janazasy oqylady.
Súraq: Ózge din ókilderine túrmysqa shyghyp qaytys bolghan músylmangha janaza namazy shygharyla ma?
Jauap: Ózin músylman sanaytyn әielding ózge din ókilderine túrmysqa shyghuy haram. Alla taghala Qúran Kәrimde: “Mýshirik әielderge iman keltirgenge deyin ýilenbender. Senderge únasa da azat mýshirik әielden mýmin kýng artyq. Jәne iman keltirgenge deyin mýshirik erge mýmin әielderdi de túrmysqa shygharmandar…”, - degen. (”Baqara” sýresi, 221- ayat)
Ózge din ókiline músylman qyzdyng túrmysqa shyghuy - ýlken kýnә. Alayda, onday әiel eger ózge dindi qabyldamay, óz dininde qalghan bolsa, yaghny músylman bop jantәsilim etse, janazasy shygharylady.
Súraq: Mәiitti jughanda qoldanylghan medisinalyq qolghaptar men aljapqysh (fartuk) t.b. zattardy ne isteu qajet?
Jauap: Medisinalyq qolghaptardy qoqysqa tastau qajet. Aljapqyshty tazartyp jughannan keyin qayta qoldansa bolady.
Súraq: Mәiitke janaza qay uaqytta oqylady?
Jauap: Janaza namazy mәkrýh uaqyttan basqa kez kelgen uaqytta - kýndiz  bolsyn, týn bolsyn oqyla beredi. Mәkrýh uaqyt dep  kýn shyghyp nemese batyp bara jatqan jәne kýn tas tóbede túrghan kezder aitylady.
Súraq: Mәiitti jerleudi asyqtyru jәne búl rәsimdi jedel atqaru turaly dәlel bar ma?
Jauap: Imam Alau ad-Din Kasany әl-Hanafy (r.a.) ózining “Bәdәius-Sanaiy” atty kitabynda: Alla elshisining (s.gh.s.): “Mәiitterindi jerleuge asyghyndar. Mәiit jaqsy kisi bolsa jaqsylyghyna jyldam jetkizinder, al jaman kisi bolsa tozaq iyeleri bizden alys bolsyn”, - degen hadiysine baylanysty mәiitti jerleudi asyqtyru mústahab, yaghny jaqsy amal, degen. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.) asyqtyrudy mútahab etken.
Mәiitti jerleudi keshiktiru - sýnnetke, mәiitti qúrmetteuge qayshy әreket. Qanshalyqty keshiktirse sonsha onyng qadir-qasiyetin qashyrady.
Súraq: Ózin-ózi óltiruding dindegi orny ne? Janazasy oqyla ma?
Jauap: Adam balasynyng óz-ózine qol júmsauy adamdyq túrghydan da, din túrghysynan da ýlken qate. Óitkeni, jan - Allanyng adam balasyna bergen eng qasiyetti amanaty. Óz ómirin qii - sol amanatqa jasalghan qiyanat. Sonymen qatar ol ýlken kýnә jasaghandyghy ýshin tozaqta azap tar¬tady. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.) kóptegen hadiste¬rinde ózine qol júmsaghan adamnyng ýlken kýnәgha batatynyn, tozaqta azap shegetindigin aitqan.
Ózine qol júmsau búrynghy ýmmetke de tyiym salynghan. Jundub ibn Abdullah Payghambarymyz¬dyng (s.gh.s.): “Sizderden búrynghy ýmmetter arasynda jaralanghan bir adam auruyna shyday almay qolyn pyshaqpen kesip, qan toqtamay qansyrap óldi. Sonda Alla taghala “Qúlym men bergen janymdy qoldan aldy. Men oghan júmaqty haram ettim” degen hadiysin riuayat etken.
Óz-ózin pyshaqtap óltirgen adamnyng janazasyn Payghambarymyzdyng oqymaghandyghy aitylady. Alayda sahabalar búl adamnyng janazasyn oqyghan.
Imam Aghzam men imam Múhammed jәne ózge de ghúlamalardyng kópshiligi óz-ózin óltirgen adamnyng janazasy oqylady dep pәtua bergen. Rasynda ózine ózi qol júmsaugha dini, ruhany óresi tómen adamdar, yaky psihologiyalyq auru  nemese jyndar yqpalymen de baryp jatady. Ózine qol júmsaghan kisi auyr kýnәgha batqanymen, dinnen shyqpaghan¬dyqtan, janazasy shygharylady. Alayda, kýnәning auyrlyghyn bildiru, әri basqalargha sabaq bolu maqsatynda janazany mýfti, din ghalymdary, bas imamdar emes, janaza sharttaryn biletin basqa kisilerding shygharghany jón.
Súraq:  Qaryzy bar kisining janazasy shygharyla ma?
Jauap: Qaryzy bar kisining janazasy oqylady. Al qaryzy artynda qalghan mýlkinen beriledi.
Súraq: Eger de mәiit janaza namazy oqylmay jerlengen bolsa ne isteu kerek?
Jauap: Marqúmnyng jerlengenine kóp uaqyt ótpegen bolsa, onda qabir basynda túryp janaza namazyn oqu qajet. Búl rette janaza namazy qabir aldynda qúbylagha qarap oqylady.
Súraq:  Janaza oqylghannan keyin miting jasau dúrys pa?
Jauap: Dúrys emes. Óitkeni, janaza namazy¬nyng ózi dini, sharighy is-shara bolyp esepteledi.
Súraq: Keybir kisiler mәiitke janaza namazy oqylyp bolysymen, mәiitke konfet, tiyn shashady. Qabirge jerlegen song qabirding bas jaghyna ydysqa su qúiyp qoyady jәne ainalasyna kýrish shashady. Osynday isterding sharighatta negizi bar ma?
Jauap: Múnday ister sharighatymyzda joq qate amaldar.
Súraq: Mәiitting bas jaghynan bauyrsaq salyn¬ghan ydysty ainaldyryp, ýige alyp qalu dúrys pa?
Jauap:  Eshqanday paydasy joq, búl sharighatqa qayshy amal.
Súraq: Músylmandardy kremasiya (órteu) arqyly jerleuge bola  ma?
Jauap: Kremasiya, yaghni, mәiitti órteu - islamda haram.
Súraq: Mәiitti qabirge qoyarda ayaghymen kirgizu kerek pe, joq әlde  basymen kirgizu kerek pe?
Jauap: Mәiitti qabirge qoidaghy sharighattyng talaby - ong jaghyna jantaytyp, jýzin qybylagha qaratyp qoy. Al qabirge basymen yaky ayaghymen  kir¬gizu mәselesi, qabir ynghayyna qaray atqa¬rylady.
Súraq: Mәiitti qabirge jayghastyrghanda mәiitting betin ashyp tastau kerek pe?
Jauap: Mәiit betining ashylmaghany jón.
Súraq: Mәiitting koly nemese ayaghy protez bolsa, protezdi ne isteu kerek?
Jauap: Protezdi, almaly tisti sheship tastau qajet. Ol mәiitpen birge kómilmeydi. Óitkeni, onyng aghzasy emes.
Súraq: Ziratqa qúlyptas ornatu dúrys pa?
Jauap: Qabir basyna qúlyptasty belgi  retinde suretsiz, mýsinsiz ornatugha bolady.
Súraq: Qabir basyna salynatyn qúrylys nysanyn bir jýiege týsiruge bola ma? Yaghni, ornatylatyn kók tastyng kólemi belgilense jәne marqúmnyng beynesin qashap estelik ornatyluyna tyiym salynsa dúrys bolar edi.
Jauap: Hanafy mәzhabynyng ghúlamalary mәiit jerlengen oryndy qiyndyqsyz tabu ýshin qabir basyna belgi qoyyp, aty-jónin jazugha rúqsat bergen. Alayda, zәulim tas,  qajetsiz qorshau, ýlken sәndi kýmbezder ornatu, qashap suret salu jәne t.b. osy siyaqty amaldar ysyrap әri bәsekelestik bolghandyqtan, sharighatymyz tyiym salghan.
Súraq:  Jol apatynan qaza bolghandargha arnap jol boyyna belgitas qoy sharighatta bar ma?
Jauap: Apat bolghan jerde belgitas qoi shariy¬ghatta joq. Marqúm ýshin onday belgi qoyghannan góri onyng atynan sauap ýshin sadaqa beruge bolady.
Súraq: Qabirstan basyna gýl shoqtaryn (venok) qonggha dinimiz rúqsat ete me?
Jauap: Qabirstan basyna venok jәne gýl shoqtaryn qonggha sharighatymyz tyiym salghan. Sondyqtan olardy satyp alghan qarajat múqtaj jandargha sadaqa etip berilse sauap bolady.
Súraq: Ziratty jóndeuge bola ma?
Jauap: Bolady, tek qazugha bolmaydy.
Súraq:
A) Bireuler marqúmnyng kiyimin ýlestirgende jana kiyim talap etedi.
Á) Mәiitting mal-mýlkin bóliske salady.
Jauap: Marqúmnyng kiyimi, qarjysy, yaghny bar¬lyq mal-mýlki onyng dýniyesi sanalady. Sondyqtan eng әueli artynda qalghan mal-mýlki marqúmdy kebindeuge, jerleuge, qaryzy bolsa óteuge júmsa¬lady. Odan artylghan jaghdayda ósiyet etilgen adam bolsa, soghan beriledi.  Ósiyet etilgen mólsher qalghan mal-mýlkining ýshten birinen aspauy shart. Al odan qalghan mýlki sharighat boyynsha  múrager sanalatyn jaqyndaryna dinde kórsetilgen esep boyynsha bólinip beriledi. Marqúmnyng kiyim-keshekterinen tәbәrik retinde tanystaryna nemese sadaqa retinde múqtaj adamdargha beruge bolady.  Jana kiyim satyp alyp taratu, yaky taratyluyn talap etu dúrys emes.
Súraq: Jyrtys jyrtu, kiyim ýlestiruge bola ma?
Jauap: Birinshiden, búl amaldardy dinimiz jýktegen, mindetti týrde istelui tiyis “paryz” amaly dep týsinbegen jón. Búlardy  jasamaghan jaghdayda eshkim kýnәhar bolmaydy. Ekinshiden, eshkim kәdesine jaratyp, paydasyna asyra almaytyn bir japyraq jyrtys taratqannan góri, sol jyrtysqa ketetin qarjyny jetim-jesir, joq-jitikterge taratqan әldeqayda sauapty. Ýshinshiden, qaytys bolghan kisining kiyimin erterekte “tәbәrik” niyetimen elge taratatyn. Al býginde búl әdet jaghymsyz әdetke oiysqan siyaqty. Keybireuler kisining kýndelikti kiyimin emes, kerisinshe, dýkennen janadan satylyp alynghan jana kiyimdi taratudy sharighat qaghidasy sekildi talap etip jatady. Tipti bazbireuler “úyat bolmasyn” degen týsinikpen qaryz¬danyp, qymbat kiyim alyp, ayaghy búl is ózge¬lermen  bәseke, baqtalastyqqa da úlasyp jatady. Sondyqtan múnday amaldy atqarmaghan jón.
Súraq: Keybireuler jerleu rәsimi bitken song mәiitke jabylghan kilemdi ýiine  alyp   ketedi. Osy dúrys pa?
Jauap: Mәiitke jabylghan kilem de mәiit iyelerining mýlki sanalady. Sondyqtan mәiit iyesi mýlikti qalasa sadaqa retinde, әitpese,  ózderine aluy nemese meshitke beruine bolady.
Súraq: Qúrandy bastan-ayaq hatym etip, sauabyn ólige baghyshtaugha bola ma?
Jauap: Bolady. Qúrandy bastan-ayaq hatym etip, sauabyn ólige baghyshtau sauapty amalgha jatqandyqtan, sharighatymyzda rúqsat etilgen.
Súraq: Keybireuler mәiitke Qúran oqyghany ýshin aqsha talap etedi. Sol dúrys pa?
Jauap: Sharighat boyynsha Qúran oqyghany ýshin aqsha talap etuge bolmaydy.
Súraq: Keybir jerlerde beyitting әr búryshyna arnap “tórtqúlaq” dep oramal taratylyp, tórt adamgha Qúran oqytylady. Qúran oqu úzaq uaqytqa sozylady. Osynday amal sharighatqa say ma?
Jauap: Sharighatymyzda beyitting әr búryshyna arnap “tórtqúlaq” dep oramal taratyp, tórt adamgha Qúran oqytu joq, biraq Qúran oqytyp, sauabyn ólige baghyshtau bar. Qabir basynda Qúrandy bir adam oqysa da jetkilikti. Aua rayynyng ystyq-suyq¬tyghyn, әri beyit basyna barghan  keybir adamdar¬dyng qart, nauqas jәne asyghys ekendikterin eskerip, qabir basynda birneshe adamnyng úzynnan-úzaq Qúran oqymaghany jón. Qúrandy keyinnen tolyqtay hatym etip, sauabyn baghyshtaugha da bolady.
Súraq: Qaytqan kisige әr júmada Qúran oqytu ýshin as dayyndap, molda shaqyru qajet pe?
Jauap: Búl nәpil sadaqa týrine jatatyn amal. Yaghni, isteseniz sauaby ólige jetse dep ýmit etiledi. Biraq jasalmaghan jaghdayda kýnә emes. Sonday-aq Qúran oqytu ýshin mindetti týrde as dayyndap, dastarqan jay da shart emes. Dastarqan jaymay-aq, kez kelgen uaqytta óziniz bilgen ayatty oqyp, sauabyn marqúmgha baghyshtay beruge bolady. Al eger kóp kisi shaqyrsanyz, júrtqa diny uaghyz-nasihat, ghibratty әngimeler aityluy ýshin imam, moldalardy shaqyrghan jón.
Súraq: Mәiitke arnap jetisin, qyrqyn, elu ekiligin jәne jylyn beru sharighatta bar ma?
Jauap: As beru sharighatymyzdyng mindetti týrde atqaryluy tiyis paryz amaldaryna jatpaydy. Yaghni, jasalmaghan jaghdayda eshbir adam kýnәhar bolmaydy. Biraq jalpy alghanda júrtqa tamaq taratudyng sauapty is ekenin hadisterden jәne keybir Qúran ayattarynan bayqaymyz. Sondyqtan, jetisi, qyrqy, jyly dep naqty kýnderdi sanap jatpay-aq, kez kelgen kýni sauabyn qaytys bolghan kisige baghyshtap joq-jitikterge, múqtaj jandargha tamaq taratyp, as beru abzal. Al múqtaj jandar qataryna jatpasa da tughan-tuys, jora-joldas¬taryn jinap as beruge de sharighat qarsy emes.
Jetisi, qyrqy jәne jyly sharighatta belgilen¬begen¬dikten, ony tek rәmizdik atau retinde ghana oryn¬dasa bolady. Sonday-aq “jetisinde mәiit isinedi, qyrqynda býitedi, al elu ekinshi kýni eti men sýiegi ajyraghanda mәiit qatty qinalady. Sondyqtan as berip, dúgha jasau kerek eken” degen tayaz týsinikterding islamda eshbir negizi joq.
Dinimizde mindetti týrde qaryzdanyp nemese ózine qajetti qarjyndy júmsap, óli atynan ýlken mal soyyp, sadaqa ber degen ýkim joq. As ysyrapqa jol berilmesten atqaryluy tiyis.
Súraq: Qaytqan kisining 5, 10, 15, 20 jyldyghy degen atpen as beruge bola ma?
Jauap: Jaghdayy bar adamgha qaytqan kisining artynan qúdayy as beruge sharighatta tyiym salynbaghan. Biraq, sol ýshin qaryzdanyp, nesie alyp, ózine qiyndyq tudyru dúrys emes. Ol ysyrapkershilikke jatady.
Súraq: Marqúmnyng jetisi, qyrqy, jylyna siyr nemese jylqy soi da talap etilip jatady. Osy dúrys pa?
Jauap: Marqúmnyng jetisi, qyrqy, jylyna siyr nemese jylqy soy dep talap etu - haram. Ony bәsekege ainaldyru dúrys emes. Sadaqany әrkimning shamasyna qaray beruine bolady.
Súraq: Kisi qaytys bolghan ýide nemese mey¬ramhanalarda as beruge sharighat qalay qaraydy?
Jauap: Qaza bolghan ýy iyesining mәiit jerlen¬gennen keyin qoghamdyq dәmhanalarda as beruine bolady. Biraq, as beru әrbir músylmangha mindet bolmaghandyqtan, as beruim kerek dep qolyndaghy az dýniyesin shashugha nemese shash-etekten qaryzdanugha bolmaydy. Árkim ol isti shama-sharqyna qaray atqaruy tiyis.
Sonday-aq as kisi jerlengennen keyin ghana beriledi. Alystan kelgen kónil aitushylargha kórshi, aghayyndary tamaq әzirlep berse bolady. Alayda, keybir jerlerde kisi jerlenbey jatyp, kópshilikti, jergilikti túrghyndardy  shaqyryp qonaqasy berip jatady. Búl dúrys emes.
Súraq: As beru kezinde jarysa sóz sóilegen dúrys pa?
Jauap: As ýstinde ghibratty әngimeler men uaghyzdar aitylyp, júrttyng imandylyqqa shaqyrylghany dúrys.
Súraq: Kisi qaytys bolghan ýide sol jyly qúrban aittan bir kýn búryn shek shalu dúrys pa?
Jauap: Sauabyn ólige baghyshtap kez kelgen uaqytta qúrban shalugha bolady. Búl jayly Payghambarymyzdyng eki qoshqardyng bireuin ózi ýshin, al ekinshisin ýmmeti ýshin shalghandyghy sahih hadisterde riuayat etilgen.
Keybir adamdar qúrban aitta óz atynan qúrban shalu uәjip bola túra, qaytys bolghan kisige sauabyn baghyshtap qúrban shalumen shektelip jatady. Búl dúrys emes. Yaghni, qaytys bolghan kisige sauabyn baghyshtap qúrban aitta mal  shalghysy kelgen kisi, eger, óz atynan qúrban shalu mindettelgen jan bolsa, (qaryzy joq jәne negizgi qajettiliginen tys 85 gr altyn yaky qúnyna teng qarajaty bar adam) onda óz atynan da qúrban shaluy shart. Al eger eki qúrban shalugha shamasy jetpese, onda tek óz atynan shalady. Búl qúrban aitta qúrban shalu uәjip bolghan jandargha tiyesili ýkim. Al sharighatta qúrban shalugha mindettelmegen jandar (negizgi qajettiliginen tys 85 gr altyn yaky qúnyna teng qarajaty joq jandar) ózderining atynan nemese qaytys bolghan kisige sauabyn baghyshtap qúrban shalularyna rúqsat. Taghy bir eskeretin jәit, sauaby qaytys bolghan kisige baghyshtalyp shalyna¬tyn qúrbannyng qúrban aitqa bir kýn qalghanda shalynuy shart emes. Qúrban ait kýnderi shaly¬natyn maldar óte kóp bolghandyqtan, nәpil qúrbandardy bir kýn búryn shalyp, etin múqtaj jandargha tarata beru keybir jerlerde  ýrdiske ainalghan.  Alayda, nәpil qúrbandardy qúrban ait kýnderinde de, basqa uaqyttarda da shala beruge bolady.
Pәtua Qazaqstan músylmandary diny basqarmasynyng barlyq oblystardaghy barlyq ókil imamdarynyng qatysuymen QMDB tóralqasynda talqylanyp bekitilgen. Barlyq jerde oryndaluy mindetti.

Qoldanylghan әdebiyetter
1. “Sharh әl-Hidaya”, ash-Sheyh әl-Islam Burhan ad-din Abu әl-Hasan Aly ibn Abubakr ibn Abdu-Jaliyl  әl-Marghinany әl-Hanafy (hijry 593 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
2. “Ál-Kifaya fy sharh әl-Hidaya”, Maulana Jamaluddiyn  әl-Hauarozmy әl- Karlaniy
3. “Fath әl-Qadiyr”, ash-Sheyh әl-Imam Kamaluddin Muhammad bin Abdul-Uahid bin Masud as-Sayuasy әl-Mәruf bin ibn әl-Humam әl-Hanafy (hijry 681 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
4. “Ál-Jauhara  an-Nayyira”, әl-Imam Abubakr Aly әl-Mәruf bin Haddady әl-Ibady (hijry 800 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
5. “Sharh әl-Uiqaya”, әl-Imam Sadr ash-Sha¬rif as-sani  Ubaydullah bin Masud әl-Mahbuby әl-Hanafy (hijry 745 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
6. “Raddu  әl-Muhtar”, әl-Allama ash-sheyh Muhammad Amin ash-shahir bin Abidiyn.
7. “Ál-Mazahib әl-Arbaa”, ash-Sheyh әl-Alim әl-Fadil Abd ar-Rahman  әl-Jazari  (hijry 1391 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
8. “Fataua Qazihan”, әl-Ustaz fahr әl-Milla ua-d-din Qazihan Muhammad   Mansur әl-Auzajandy әl-Fiyrghanany әl-Hanafy (hijry 295 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
9. “Fataua Alәmgiriyya”, әl-Allama әl-Humam Maulana ash-sheyh Nizam
10. “Iana at-Talibiyn”, Zayn ad-din ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Malibary әl-Faniy
11. “Ál-Mabsut”, әl-Imam әl-Ajal az-Zahid Shams әl-Aimma Abubakr Muhammad bin Abu Sahl Sarahsy әl-Hanafiy.
13. “Jamigh as-Saghiyr”, Ál-Imam әl-Fadil Muhammad ibn Hasan ash- Shaybaniy
14. “Sahih әl-Buhariy”, ash-Sheyh әl-Imam әl-Hafiz Abu Abdulla Muhammad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin әl-Mughira (hijry 194 jyly tughan, 256 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
15. “Sahih Musliym”, ash-Sheyh әl-Imam Abu әl-Hasan Muslim bin әl-Hujjaj bin Muslim әl-Qushayry an-Naysabury (hijry 204 jyly  tughan).
16. “As-Siraj әl-Uahhaj”, әl-Allama әl-Fadili әl-Muhaqqiq әl-Kamili ash-Sheyh Muhammad az-Zahry әl-Ghamrauy (hijry 1852 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
17. “Ál-Hulasa fy әl-Fataua”, әl-Alim әl-Fadil ash-Sheyh Tahir bin Ahmad Abd ar-rashid әl-Búhary (hijry 542 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
18. “Sharh әl-Jamigh as-Saghiyr”, Shams әl-aimmah Muhammad ibn Ahmad bin Ábu Suhayl as-Sarahsy (hijry 483 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
19. “Ál-Múhit әl-Burhaniyy fy әl-Fiyqhy an-Nughmaniy”, ash-Sheyh әl-Alim ash-Shahir Mahmúd bin Umar ash-Shaghby әl-Hanafiy.
20. “Ál-Bahr ar-Raiq sharh kanz ad-daqaiyq”, Shihab ad-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Mústafa (hijry 1192 jyly dýneiyeden ótken).
21. “Sharh maniyat әl-Musalliy”, ash-Sheyh әl-fadil Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim (hijry 956 jyly ómirden ótti).
22. “Musnad әl-firdaus”, әl-alim ash-Sheyh Shahr Dar ibn Shayraviyah ad-Daylamy (hijry 558 jyly dýniyeden ótken).
“Ál-Fataua at-Tatarhaniya”, ash-Sheyh ad-Dahlauiy, tahqiq әl-Qady Sajad Husayn. Pәkstan Qúran jәne islamy ghylymdar basqarmasy h. 1411 jyl.

QAZAQSTAN MÚSYLMANDARYNYNG DINY BASQARMASY.
«Egemen Qazaqstan» gazeti, 26 mamyr 2009 jyl.