«Bizding qazaqtyng dostyghy, dúshpandyghy, maqtany, myqtylyghy, mal izdeui, óner izdeui, júrt tanuy eshbir halyqqa úqsamaydy. Birimizdi birimiz andyp, jaulap, úrlap, kirpik qaqtyrmay otyrghanymyz... Óstip jer jýzindegi halyqtyng qory bolyp, birimizdi birimiz andyp ótemiz be?» - degen eken danyshpan Abay. Azdyghymyz Jaratushy iyemizding jazuynan shyghar, al qazaq bizderding halyq bolyp qalyptasqannan bergi azap shegip, azyp-tozghandyghymyzdyng basty sebebi azdyghymyz bolsa da endi biri Abay aitqan osynau «qazaqtyng qazaqtan basqa jauy joq» bolghan auyzbirligimizding joqtyghynan ekenin moyyndamasqa laj joq.

Iriler, kýshtiler myqtylyghyn kórsetip bilgenin isteytini ras. Degenmen óz ishinde tatu-tәtti, bereke-birlikpen úiysyp, ózgege soqtyqpay jayynda jatqan elge ózge bir el jaulyq jasay qoyy ekitalay. Ózge memleketterding ortasynda derbestigin saqtap, óz kýnin kórumen kele jatqan talay kishi halyqtar bar. Jan sany ol tústa tym orasan molaymaghan kezinde ghúndar men týrikterge, odan mongholdar men shýrshitterge bodan bolyp ghasyrlar boyy qasiret tartqan qytay últy yntymaghynyng arqasynda doybynyng taqtasyna úqsas tarih sahnasynda «biyge shyghyp», endi mine eng damyghan derjevalarmen shen talasyp óz memleketi ishinde adam erkindigin qaytalap auyzdyqtay bastaghandyghy sol últtyq auyzbirlikke sengendikting arqasy bolsa kerek.

«Ýy ishi ala bolsa, kerege basy tolghan pәle bolady» nemese «Shaytan qabaqqa qarap basady» degendey qaysybir elding óz ishinde altybaqan alauyzdyq payda bolyp, iritki shygha qalsa syrtqy dúshpan basynyp, zorekerligin jasap, op-onay jaulap alatynyna qazaq bizding de ótken tarihymyz kuә. Qazaq memleketi Áz Jәnibek pen Kerey hannyng kemenerligimen, qaymana halqyn toptastyrghan alghyrlyghymen dýniyege kelgen bolsa, osy ordanyng keregesi kerilip, irgesi bekuine Qasym, Tәuekel, Esim syndy handardyng janqiyarlyq erligi, halyqpen birtútastyghy negizgi arqau bolghan edi.

Alayda segiz alash atanyp, qanattana týsken Qazaq Ordasynan han Túrsynnyng ant úrghandyghy kesirinen eki san qataghannyn, keshikpey qyrghyz, qaraqalpaq, qúramalardyng bólinip ketui «tozghan qazdy toptanghan qargha aladynyn» kebin kiygizip ýsh alashty ghana qaldyrghanda «Qúlannyng qasuyna myltyqtyng basuy» dóp kelgen: Týpki tórkini bólek, әldeneshe qayta ózara jaulasqan bola túra salty úqsastyghyn paydalanyp basqagha ýstemdik jasau maqsatymen mәjilis qúryp mәmlege kelgen Qalqa men Jonghar birigip «Monghol, Oirat zanyn» qabyldap, shapqynshylyqqa dayyndalghan tústa bizding qazaq handyqtargha bólinip, bas-basyna by boluynyng aqyry «Aqtaban-shúbyryndy»-gha tap bolghyzghan.

Kene hangha qazaqtyng óz ishinen baqtalastar shyqqandyqtan Qazaqtyng irgeli eli tәuelsizdikten aiyrylyp bodandyqqa tap boldy. Qazaq jerine basa-kóktey enip kelip beketter salyp orys basqynshylarynyng ýrkitui, Resey men Qytay patshalyghynyng 1860-1864 jyldarda astyrtyn ymyramen qazaq jerin bólisip alyp shekara belgilegendigi qazaq halqyn jan-jaqty qúldyqqa jappay qamtyp, búl jaqta qalghandar mәnji-shýrshittin, qytaydyng qol astynda, birde gomindannyng fashistik qandy qúrsauynda, birde kommunistik qatal tәrtipting qyspaghynda qala berdi. Qaysysynda bolsa da qasang sayasattyng aila-sharghysymen úsaq әkimshilikter men biylikterge bólip, shen-shekpen taghyp «sýiek tastap» bәsekelestiru, birine birin aidap salu arqyly qúl (qojayyny kýshin paydalanugha, satugha, óltiruge de qúqyqty zat, qojayynyna tiyesili mýlki bar, qojayyny úigharmasa ýilenuge eriksiz, tipti әtek bolugha dayar, shaghym jasaudan maqrúm) retinde paydalana berdi, qúrdymgha ketip bara jatsa da sangha salmady. Jany men aryna batyp tityghy qúryghan qazaq búqarasynyng bas kótergeni qynaday qyrylyp, tas qamaqtarda shirip jatty.

Shen-shekpenge qyzyghyp aldanbaghan erler ghana qinala-qinala jerin qiyp, elin qorlyqtan qútqarugha bel baylady. 1860 jyldargha kelgende Jylqyshy bi, Kóbesh batyr, Qojamjar tóre bastap bir myng otbasymen qazirgi Monghol jerine kelip qonys tepti. Olardyng óz qolastynan ketuine narazy bolghan Altaydyng kýn betindegi kerey biyleri Sin ókimetine shaghym aityp, qaruly toppen kelip, qayta kóshuge qarsy kelgen Kóbeshting úly Asylbekting basyn alyp, Jylqyshydan bir myng at, on myng qoy aiyppúl alyp qaytyp ketti.

1911 jyly Qytayda Sunyatsen tónkerisi jeniske jetkende Mongholiya otarshyldyqtan qútylyp tәuelsiz el boldy. Osy eldegi biylerding bir toby Qytaydyng biyliginde qala bergisi kelse, Qylang bastaghan endi bir bóligi tәuelsiz Mongholdyng qaramaghyna ótuge úsynys bildirgendikten ózara jәne qyrqysty. Ile-shala Jalama (Reseyding kәsipker tynshysy qalmaq Dambiyjansan) degen jau shyghyp, oirattan qol jiyp qazaq qauymyna oiran salghanda da atqaminerlerding baqtalastyghy júrttyng birneshe bólinip aua kóship, tozghyndauyna sebepshi boldy. Sol yzytpen  1921 jyly qytay qaruly toby kelip Qylannyng basyn aldy. Biraq onyng basyn alghyzghandar baqtalas qandastary edi. Onymen tynghan joq, 1921 jyly baqtalastar kerey biyleushisi Dórbethan men Múqany orys aqbandylaryna atqyzsa, keshikpey olardyng kegi Áubәkir, Dórbet, Shaban ýsh azamattyng qanymen qaytaryldy.

Ózine qarasty elin 1887 jyly Bóke Jyrghalanúly bastap Shynjannan Shizangha at basyn búrdy.

«Jerimnen ket dep qúqaylap, qorlyghy jaudyng ótkeni,

          Sol qorlyqqa shydamay Bókening auyp ketkeni.

          Bóke ketting alysqa, shyday almay namysqa.

          Serikke ertting Qamany, bir túratyn qonysqa...» - Aqyt Ýlimjiúly. Bóke qughynshy qyruar sherikke ayausyz soqqy berip, qapysyz qyrdy. Ókinishtisi - ózi ajaldan óldi de ózindey serigi bolmaghandyqtan auyp tozghan eli keri qayyryldy. Osydan bylayghy uaqytta, әsirese ekijýzdi jauyz Shen Shisaydyng túsynda Shynjannyng ishinde, syrtyna qaray ýrke, auyp kóshu meylinshe beleng aldy. Súltanshәrip, Elishan, Adubay, Zayyp, Qúsayyn, Qaliybek, Qamzalar jeke-jeke ruyn bastap aua kóship, arttan qughan jәne joldan tosqan jaumen alysa-júlysa qan keship, ajal qúshqandardy ashyq ta tastap, at-kólik týgil top-top sәbiylerinen tiriley aiyrylyp eki aralyqqa әldeneshe elder birneshe on jyldardy salyp azghantay ghana toby Týrkiyagha jetip jan shaqyrghany jayyndaghy azapty kóshter bayanyn Mongholiyadaghy bizder 1980 jyldarda Halifa Altay marqúmnyng Týrkiyada basylyp shyqqan әdebi, estelik kitaptarynan oqyp janymyzdan týnilgen edik.

1990 jariyaly jyldardan kýlli qazaqtyng myng ólip, myng tirilgeni jayly tarih aqtandaqtaryna kenirek tanystyq. Shynjannan syrtqary betalghan azapty kóshter turaly tuyndylardyng eng bir aqiqat ta kórkem shygharylghany jazushy, tarihshy Jәdy Shәkenning «Qaraly kósh» romany. Romanda otarlaushylar sayasatyn, bodan halyqtyng ayanyshty hal-kýii men taghdyryn sormanday eldi bostandyqqa jetkizu jolynda auyrtpalyqtar men ajaldan bas tartpastan úzaq sapar keship, sol armanyna jetip qúrban bolghan esil er Elishannyng obrazy arqyly tartymdy da sheber beynelengen.

Birneshe jyldyng aldynda Mongholiyanyng Bәitik tauy, Tәki jotasy men Barkól, Qúmyl aralyghyna tayau iyen jatqan bir say auzynda shashylyp qalghan qalyng adamnyng bas sýiegi men qanqa sýiekterin, uyq kerege, shanyraq synyqtaryn kórgenim bar. Jәdy romanyndaghy Álip ýkirday auylynyng qyrghyndalghan uaqighasyn  oqyghanda seksen jyldyng aldynda qangha batqan sol bir eski júrttyng sureti kóz aldyma keldi. Tiri jәndikke obal bolady dep qazaq balasy qúmyrsqanyng iyleuin de tabanmen taptamaydy, mynaday jauyzdyqqa kim tózedi, elin bastap Elishannyng aua kóshkeninde eshqanday kinә joq-au, tek qana әttegen-ayy sol tústaghy qazaq biyleri aua kóshkenshe kýresker kósem Esimhan, Yryshan, Ospandarmen birlese jaumen arpalyssa mýmkin úly jeniske jeter edi, tym qúrysa tughan jerde tabyty qalar edi.

Qalay oilasaq ta esil er Elishannyng eli ata jaudy artqa tastap, erkindikke jetti. Túqymyn túzday qúrtudy kózdegen qaraniyet dúshpannyng maqsaty jýzege aspady. Orny bar onalyp, úrpaqtary ónip-ósip, alystap ketkenimen de azattyghyn alyp, mәngilik ósip-órleuge jol tartqan atamekeni-tarihi  Otanyna oralyp jatyr, Allagha shýkir! Al ótken tarihtan sabaq alyp, bereke-birlikti qasterleu - bizding asyl múratymyz.

Shynay Rahmetúly, Mongholiya, Bayan-Ólgiy

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