Qazaq әdebiyetining arghy-bergi tarihynda shygharmashylyghynyng ózegine bilim men ghylymdy arqau etken Abayday aqyn bolghan emes.Ol bilim men ghylymdy barlyq jaydan joghary qoydy.Nege? Sebebi,Allanyng ózi de ras,sózi de ras,-degen hәkim Abay: "Ghylym-Allanyng bir sipaty,ol hakiqat,oghan ghashyqtyq ózi de haqylyq hәm adamdyq dýr",-deydi ózining otyz segizinshi qara sózinde.[1.186-bet]

Eger ghylym Allanyng bir sipaty bolsa,sonda ghylym degen ne?

Últymyzdyng bas kitaby Últtyq Ensiklopediya:"Ghylym-adamnyng tabighat pen qogham turaly obektivti bilimin qalyptastyrugha mýmkindik beretin tanymnyng eng jogharghy pishimi",-dey kelip:"Ghylymnyng basty maqsaty-ghylym zandarynyng negizinde ashylyp otyrghan bolmys qúbylysymen prosesin boljau,týsindiru jәne jýielep mazmúndap beru",-dep jazady.[2.115-bet]

Abay ghylymdy Allanyng ghylymy jәne adamnyng ghylymy dep ekige bóle otyryp:"Adamnyng ghylymy,bilimi,haqiqatqa,rastyqqa qúmarlyq bolyp,әr nәrsening týbin,hikmetin bilmekke yntyq birlәn tabylady ",-deydi.[1.186-bet] Ensiklopediya ghylymdy bolmys qúbylysy men prosesin boljau,týsindiru,jýieleu dese,Abay ghylymdy әr nәrsening týbin,hikmetin,yaghny sebebin bilmek,-dep týsindiredi.Ghylymgha anyqtama berip týsindirude Abay Últtyq Ensiklopediyadan alshaq ketpegen.Ghylymgha anyqtama berip,ony týsingendey boldyq.Biz týsinip,payymdadyq dep otyrghan osy ghylym Allanyng bir sipaty bolghanda,Alla degen kim?Bolmasa,Alla degen ne?Joq,ol әlde bolmys pa?

Qasiyetti Qúran Kәrimde úly jaratushy Allah turaly:"Alla bireu.Alla múnsyz.(Ár nәrse oghan múqtaj) Ol tumady da,tuylmady.Ári oghan eshkim teng emes",-dep aitylghan.(Yqylas sýresi) Sonda biz,jay pendeler jaratushy bir Allany qalay tanyp biluimiz kerek?Qalay degende de biz,adamdar bir Alla turaly oilanbay túra almaymyz.Allany tanyp,bilgisi kelgen Abay:

Kónilge shәk,shýbәli oy almaymyn

Sonda da ony oilamay koya almaymyn.

Aqyldyng jetpegeni arman emes,

Qúmarsyz qúr mýlguge toya almaymyn,-deydi.

Jaratushy haq taghalany izdep,onyng tylsym syrlaryn úqqysy kelgen Abay,qúrghaq diny fanatizmge barmaydy.Ol bir Allany jan-tәnimen,bar bolmysy,aqyl-sanasymen týsingisi keledi.Sonda,jaratushy bir Allany qalay tanyp bilemiz? Áriyne,Allagha degen senim arqyly.Senim degenimiz-iman.Al,әrbir músylmangha iman shart.Abay:"Iman degenimiz bir ghana inamaq emes,sen Alla taghalanyng birligine,ua Qúrannyng onyng sózi ekendigine,Múhammed Mústafa s.gh.u. onyng elshisi ekendigine inandyq...Siz әmәntu billәhy kәmә hua by ismayhy ua sifatihiy,-dediniz.(Qúdaygha onyng esimderi men sipattaryna iman keltiremin) Eger de ol sipattar birlәn taghriplamasaq (ayyru,anyqtap bilu)bizge maghrifatulla(Allany tanu) qiyn bolady[1.189-bet]",-deydi hәkim Abay ózining otyz segizinshi qara sózinde.

Úly jaratushy Alla taghalanyng ózine tәn segiz úly sipaty bar.Olar:

1.Hayat-tirshilik tiri bolu

2.Ghylym

3.Qúdiret-kýsh

4.Basar-kóru,kórushi

5.Sәmigh-estu,estushi

6.Irada-tileu,qalau

7.Kәlam-sóz,sózder

8.Tәkiyn-boldyru [1.188-bet] (38-qara sóz)

Jaratushy Allanyng osy segiz úly sipaty turaly Abay:"Búlardyng hәmmasy Alla taghalanyng zәtiya(ózine layyq) subbutiya ua fiyghliya (ózi isteytin) sipattary dýr.Men múnda sizderge tórteuin bildiremin.Onyng ekeui-ghylym,qúdiret.Segiz sipattan qalghan altauy-búlargha sharq.(týsindiru,týsinip beru)",-deydi.[1.190-bet]

Alla taghalanyng segiz sipaty ishinen ghylym men qúdiretti basty oryngha shygharghan Abay,qalghan alty sipatty osy eki sipatqa týsinik berushiler,-dep týsindiredi ózining 38-qara sózinde."Ol sipattarmen taghriplamasaq (anyqtap bilu) bizge maghrifatulla (Allany tanu) qiyn bolady",-degen Abay,Allanyng segiz úly sipatynyng ishinen ózi ekshep,bólip alghan dәl osy eki sipat arqyly yaghniy,qúdiret pen ghylym arqyly Allany tanyp biludi úsynady. Áriyne,Allanyng qúdiretti ekeni anyq.Ol әrkimge belgili aqiqat.Sonda,Abay bizge Allany,onyng ekinshi sipaty ghylym arqyly tanyp bilu kerek degen oy ústanymyn úsynyp otyr.

Allany,onyng basty sipaty ghylym arqyly tanu kerek degen úly oishyl Abay,dýniyeni yaghniy,qorshaghan ortany tanu,aqiqatty tanu,ózin-ózi tanu,óz adamdyghyn búzbay jaman nәrseden qashyp,jaqsy paydalyny ýirenu de ghylymnan,-dey kelip ,adam boyyndaghy kýlli jaqsy qasiyetterding bәri de ghylym arqyly keledi,-degen asa kýrdeli oy qorytyndysyn týiindeydi ózining filosofiyalyq diny kózqarasyn aiqyndaytyn 38-qara sózinde.Abay ózining 38-qara sózinde ghylymnan habarsyz,bilimsiz mollalar men ghylymdy oqytpaytyn sholostikalyq diny medreselerdi bitirip shyqqan nadan shәkirtterdi synaydy.Abay synynda shyndyq mol.Abay zamanyndaghy din ústazdaryn bylay qoyghanda, qazirgi tandaghy din ústazdarynyng eng ýlken qateligi Allanyng sózi Qúran Kәrimdi zamanauy ghylymdar himiya, fizika,biologiya,gidrologiya,medisina sekildi ghylymdarmen baylanysty týsindire almauynda.Olar ýshin din men ghylym eki bólek,eki dýniye.Al,hәkim Abay ýshin din men ghylym birtútas bir dýniye.Ekeui de yaghny din de ghylym da aqiqat pen bir Allany tanu jolynda qyzmet etui kerek.Abaydyng dәl osy pikirin kókirek kózimizdegi oy bezbenine salyp kóreyikshi...

Bir Allanyng qúdiretinen jaratylghan neshe myng ósimdikterdi tanyp bilu ýshin ghalymdar "Botanika" degen ghylymdy,aspan denelerin zerttep bilu ýshin "Astronomiya" degen ghylymdy,jan-januarlardy tanyp bilu ýshin "Zoologiya"degen ghylymdy,neshe týrli tastardyng syryn bilu ýshin "Miynerologiya"degen ghylymdy oilap tapty.Mine,bir Allanyng qúdiretimen jaratylghan osy nәrselerdi biz ghylym arqyly tanyp,bilip jýrgen joqpyz ba? Myna mәseleni jete týsinip,bilip alugha tiyistimiz.Alla taghalanyng qúdiretimen jaratyldy deytin týrli nәrseler,dәl biz kórip jýrgen qalpynda jaratyla salghan joq.Olar әrtýrli jaghdayda ózgeriske týse otyryp,biz kórip jýrgen týrge endi.Mәngilik esh narse joq.Bolashaqta olar biz bilmeytin mýldem basqa keyipke enui bek mýmkin.Biz osy jaghdaydy týrli syrtqy faktorlardyng әseri dep oilaymyz.Sol syrtqy faktordyng ózi de jaratushynyng qúdiretimen bolyp jatqan qúbylys ekenin kóp jaghdayda týsinip,bile bermeymiz.Sondyqtan da  kózge kóringen obektivti  denelerdi jaratushynyng qúdiretimen týrli ózgeriske týsip otyr dep týsingen abzal.

Dәl qazirgi tanda zamanauy ghylym,aynalamyzdaghy qorshaghan orta,dýniye-jaratylys kózge kórinbeytin úsaq bólshekten yaghny materiyadan payda bolyp,ósip jetildi dep,jaratushy bir Alla taghalany joqqa shygharyp jýrgeni jasyryn syr emes.Eger,ghylym ghalamdaghy týrli denelerding tirshiligi men olardyng qalay jaratylghanyn tek qana ghylym arqyly dәleldep,týsindirip bere alsa,onda bizding jaratushy bir kýshke kýmәnmen qarauymyzgha bolar edi.Biraq,dәl qazirgi tanda,býkil ghalamdaghy tirshilik pen onyng jaratylys syrlaryn ghylym dәleldep týsindirip bere almay otyr.

Jana tehnologiya,ghylymymyz jetildi,atom,kompiuter, jahandanu zamanynda ómir sýrip jatyrmyz degende,gharyshta jetken jerimiz kýn jýiesindegi Jer serikteri Ay men Mars planetalary.AQSh sekildi tehnikasy men tehnologiyasy jetilgen elderding 12 km\sek jyldamdyqpen 7 ay úshyp jetken jeri Mars planetasy.Olar qazirgi tanda Mars planetasyn zertteu ýstinde.Jer,Ay,Mars kýn jýiesindegi 9 planetanyng ýsheui bolghanda,әli adamzat zerttemegen kýn jýiesindegi 6 planeta bar.Dәl qazirgi tandaghy damyp jetildi degen tehnikalarymyzben sekundyna 12km/sek jyldamdyqpen úsha otyryp,qalghan altauyna jetu ýshin birneshe jyl kerek eken.Birneshe jyl ýzdiksiz úshugha adamzat oilap tapqan jana tehnologiyalardyng mýmkinshiligi joq kórinedi.Yaghniy,bizding oilap tapqan tehnologiyalaramyz ben aqyl oiymyzdyng mýmkinshilik shegining әzirge jetken jeri osy bolyp túr.

Al,endi týnde dalagha shyghyp,kók jýzine kóz salynyzdarshy, milliardtaghan júldyzdardy kóresizder.

Jer sharyndaghy tirshilik,Kýn,Ay,kók jýzindegi milliardtaghan júldyzdar...Abaydyng jazuyndaghy Alla ghylymmen jaratushy kýsh  bir Alla jaratqan ghalam osy.Eng kishkene júldyz Jer sharynan jýz ese ýlken dep jýr astronom ghalymdar.Ol júldyzdarda tirshilik bar ma,bar bolsa ol qanday?Olar qalay ómir sýrip jatyr? Planetalar qúlap ketpey tepe-tendikti qalay saqtap túr? IY.Niutonnyng "Býkil әlemdik tartylys zany" meninshe,ol әli dәleldenbegen ghylymy boljam.Biz qazir jogharyda aityp ótken Ay men Marstan basqa (búlardyng ózi tolyq zerttelgen joq) ghalamdaghy milliardtaghan planetalar tirshiliginen esh habarymyz joq.Ghalam qalay ómir sýrip jatyr?Aqylymyz jetpeydi. Ghalamnyng qalay ómir sýrip jatqanyn bizge qazirgi ghylym da týsindirip bere almay otyr.Osynday jaghdayda nege biz jaratushy bir Alla qúdiretine kýmәnmen qarauymyz kerek?

Qayta biz bir Allanyng qúdiretin ghylym arqyly payymdasaq,jaratylystyng syryn týsinu bizge jenilge soqpay ma?Allanyng qúdiretin ghylym arqyly tanudyng ózi,Allany tanu emes pe?Nege sonda biz ghylym men jaratushy bir Allany eki bólek dýnie dep qarastyruymyz kerek?Bir Alladan basqa mәngilik eshnәrse joq.Erte dýnie dәuirinde jaratushy bir Alla men ghalamdy tanu ýshin ghylymdy birge mengergen din men ghylym XIV-XV ghasyrlarda ekige aiyrylsa,qazirgi XXI ghasyrdyng ozyq oily ghalymdary men dinbasylary tarapynan Allanyng sózi Qúran Kәrimdi ghylymy taldap,din men ghylymdy birge qarastyru kerek degen pikirler beleng ala bastady.Irlandiya diny Episkopali uniyversiytetining rektory,halyqaralyq teologiyalyq komissiyasynyng mýshesi,Rim papasynyng teologiya jónindegi kenesshisi,professor Maysili Ledviyt:"Ghalymdar diny konondar turaly eshnәrse bilmese,ókinishke oray din qyzmetkerleri de ghylym turaly eshnәrse bilmeydi.Jaratylysty din arqyly ne ghylym arqyly týsinu-búl aqiqatty tanyp biluding tәsilderi ghana ekenin biz úmytpauymyz kerek",-dep jazyp,[3.7-bet] din men ghylym bir-birine kereghar dýnie emes,ol tek aqiqatty tanyp biluding tәsilderi ghana dep din men ghylymdy birge qarastyrsa,Qazaqstan músylman diny basqarmasynyng búrynghy bas muftiyi,professor Ábsattar qajy Derbisәli ózining "Ghylym jәne din" atty ghylymy enbeginde ghylym men qúran turaly óz oiyn bylay sabaqtaydy:"Keyingi ghasyrlarda ashylyp jatqan kóptegen ghylymy jetistikterding Qúran Kәrimde osydan on tórt ghasyr búryn yaghny mikroskoptan,teleskoptan maqúrym ghasyrda qorytyndy týrde dóp basyp aityluy búl kýnde batys,shyghys ghalymdaryn tang qaldyryp,bas iydirgen.Búl Qúrandy s.gh.u payghambar jazbaghanyn,Alla tarapynan jiberilgen illahy kitap ekendigin aiqyn bildiredi ",-dey kelip,ósimdikterding atalyq-analyq úryqtary,bir-birimen qosylyp jatsa da sulary arlaspaytyn tenizder men jerding ainalu baghyty,ana qúrsaghyndaghy sәbiyding ósu kezenderin bayan etetin Qúran sýreleri men ayattarynan naqty mysal-dәlelder keltiredi.

Al,belgili ghalym Moris Bukay ózining "Bibliya,Qúran jәne qazirgi ghylym"kitabynda:"Jer men ondaghy tirshilikting payda boluy,balanyng jatyrda jetilui sekildi,tipti fizika men matematikanyng kýrdeli mәselelerine deyin tolyp jatqan ghylymy tújyrymdarmen tanys kisilerding onyng Qúran mәtinimen tolyq say keletinin kórmeui mýmkin emes.Kóptegen sýreler men ayattardaghy qúpiya habarlardy ashu qazirgi ghylymnyng aldynda túrghan mindet",-dep jazady.

Qúrandaghy qúpiyalardy ashu ghylymnyng aldynda túrghan mindet,-degennen shyghady,qaraqúrt ne jylan sekildi ýly jәndikter shaqqan adamdy zamanauy medisina úzaq uaqyt emdeydi.Al,jaratushy bir Allanyng sózi Qúran Kәrimdegi"Fatiha","Yqylas" sýrelerin "suf"dep birneshe ret oqy otyryp,jylan ne qaraqúrt shaqqan adam boyyndaghy udy qaytarghan sauatty mollalardy ózimiz kýnde kórip jýrmiz.Sonda tek qana Qúran ayattaryn oqu arqyly adam boyyna jayylghan udy qalay qaytarugha bolady?Tek búl emes jýike aurularyna shaldyqqan adamdardy bilimdi mollalar Qúran ayattaryn oqu arqyly aurularynan emdep jazghanyn talay adam kózimen kórdi.Búl da bolsa Qúran Kәrimning ghylym әli ashpaghan qúdiretti qúpiyasy bolsa kerek.

IYә,qazirgi zamanauy ghylymnyng aldynda túrghan ýlken bir mindet,ol-Qúrannyng sýreleri men ayattaryn ghylymy týrde taldap,týsindiru.Búl onay sharua emes.Qúrandy ghylymy týrde taldau ýshin,Qúrandy týsindirip taldaushy ghalym ghylymnyng bar salasyn jete bilui shart.Óitkeni,Qúran-bar ghylymnyng toghysqan jeri.Osyny bilgen úly Abay:

Qúran ras,Allanyng sózi-dýr ol

Tә̓uiyline jeterlik ghylymyng shaq,-deydi

Qúrannyng maghynasyn tereng bilip,týsinu ýshin adamgha ýlken ghylym men ghylymy dayarlyq kerek ekenin aitady úly aqyn,hәkim Abay.

XIX ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysynda patriarhaldy mesheu qazaq qoghamynda ómir sýrip,XXI ghasyrdyng aldynghy qatarly oishyl ghalymdarynyng Qúrandy ghylym arqyly týsinu kerek degen tereng ghylymy pikirlerin olardan bir jarym ghasyr búryn aitqan úly Abaydyng jan-jaqty tereng bilimine eriksiz tang qalasyz.Abaydyng 38-qara sózinde aitylatyn:"Ghylym-Allanyng bir sipaty,ol haqiqat,oghan ghashyqtyq ózi de haqlyq hәm adamdyq dýr",-degen Abay sózderining bayybyna biz әli jete almay jýrmiz.

Ghylym-jaratushy bir Allanyng jaratqandaryn,onyng sebebi men nәtiyjesin zertteumen ainalysady.Sondyqtan da biz ainala qorshaghan ortany ghylym arqyly týsinuge tyrysamyz.Biraq,ghalymdar qorshaghan ortany zerttey jýrip,zertteudi aqiqatty bilu,jaratylys syrlaryn týsinu,jaratushy kýshti tanyp bilu ýshin istep jýrgenderin kóp jaghdayda ózderi de sezip bile bermeydi.Sebebi,ghalymdar óz zertteu obektisin qorshaghan jaratylystan bóle-jara jeke zertteydi.Olar kóp jaghdayda býkil ghalamdyq ýilesimdilikti jete týsinip eskere bilmeydi.

Al,ghalamdyq ýilesimdilikti tereng de nәzik týsingen Abay:"Jaratushy bir Alla býkil ghalamdy qanday qúdiret ýilesimdilikpen jaratqan,esh adam úghylynyng aqyly jetpeydi",-dep tang qalady(38-qara sóz)Abaydyng qazirgi ghalymdardan basty ereksheligi,ol-býkil ghalamdyq ýilesimdilikti jan-jaqty tereng sezine biluinde.

Barlyq jaydan ghylymdy joghary qoyghan Abay,ghylymnyng týrlerine keninen toqtalyp,olardy jan-jaqty jýielemese de, 32-qara sózinde bilim-ghylym ýirengisi keletin talapkerlerge ózining aqyl-kenesin beredi.Oqyp otyryp,32-qara sózdi jazghan adamnyng ghylymmen kәsiby týrde ainalysqanyna tittey de kýmәniniz qalmaydy.

Bilim-ghylym ýirenbekke talap qylushylargha әuel bilmek kerek,-dep bastalatyn [1.174-bet] Abaydyng 32-qara sózin qarapayym tilde qysqasha jýielesek,Abay bylay deydi:

Birinshi-Ghylymdy әiteuir bir kerek bolyp qalar degen eseppen ýirenbe.Ol ýshin ghylymgha shyn mahabbatpen qúmar bolyp,biludi anyq maqsat etip,bilmegen nәrsendi bilgennen kóniling rahat alyp,endi taghy da bile týssem eken degen oidan ghylymgha degen sýiispenshilik-mahabbatyng jogharylay týsedi.Sonda ghana әrbir estigen,kórgenindi anyq úghyp,ony óz suretimen ishke jayghastyrasyn.Kóniling ózge nәrsede bolyp,ghylymdy oghan sebep qana qylmaq ýshin ýirensen,onday bilimge kónilding meyirimi shala bolady.Shala meyir shala bayqaydy.

Ekinshi-Ghylymdy aqiqat maqsatpen,bilmek ýshin ýirenu kerek.Bahastyq yaghny baqtalastyq ýshin ýirenbe.Azyraq bahastyq ózindi ózing pysyqtau ýshin kerek te shyghar.Kóbirek bahastyq,baqtalastyq adamdy búzady.Sebebi,baqtalas adam-aqiqat ýshin baqtalas bolmaydy.Jenbek ýshin baqtalas bolady.Onday baqtalastyq kýnshildikti zoraytyp,adamgershilikti azaytady.Ondaylar ghylymdy maqsat etpeydi.Baqtalastyq yaky Abay tilimen aitqanda bahastyq ghylym jolyndaghy adamdargha jat emes.Biraq oghan berilu adamdy ózimshil,menmen etip,maqtanshaqqa ainaldyrady.Onday adamdar ósekten de,ótirikten de,úrys-tóbelesten de boyyn aulaq ústamaydy.

Ýshinshi-Aqiqatynmen,bar bolmysynmen kózing jetse,odan esh uaqytta bas tartpa,ólseng airylma.Ózing kózing jetpegen nәrsege ózgening kózin qalay jetkizbeksin?

Tórtinshi-Bilim-ghylymdy kóbeytu ýshin adam boyynda oilasyp,pikir alysatyn,ekinshi,ol pikirdi saqtap qorghaytyn eki týrli quatty qasiyet bolu kerek.Búlar zoraymay,ghylym zoraymaydy.

Besinshi-Aqylgha kesel nәrselerden saq bolghan jón.Estigen nәrseni úmytpasqa tórt týrli sebep bar.

1.Kókiregi baylauly berik bolu kerek.

2.Sol nәrseni estigende ya kórgende birdemege ýlgi etip,úqsatyp,bar yntamen úghu kerek.

3.Birneshe ret qaytalap,kónilge bekitu kerek.

4.Oy keseldi nәrselerden qashyq bolu kerek.Ol keseldi nәrseler:salghyrttyq,uayymsyzdyq,oyynshy-kýlkishildik,ya bir qayghygha salynu,bolmasa bir nәrsege qúmarlanu,búl tórt nәrse aqyl men ghylymdy tozdyratyn nәrseler.(31-qara sóz) [1.173-174-better]

Adam boyyndaghy keseldi nәrselerding eng jaghymsyzy,Abaydyng pikirinshe,ol-uayymsyz-salghyrttyq.

Salghyrttyq-qúdaydyng da,elding de,ýlgining de,aqyldyng da,ardyng da qas dúshpany.Ol bar jerde búlar bolmaydy-deydi ghúlama Abay.

Altynshy-Ghylymdy,aqyldy saqtaytyn minez degen sauyt bar.Sol minez búzylmasyn.Ol ýshin kórseqyzarlyq pen bireuding orynsyz minezine,ya sózine nemese kez-kelgen qyzyqqa erip ketkish minezding túrlausyzdyghynan aulaq bolghan jón.Olay bolmaghan jaghdayda minezding beriktigi búzylady.Onan song oqyp ýirenip te payda joq.Minezde ardy,aqyldy saqtarlyq qayraty bar bolsyn.Búl aqyl ýshin,ar ýshin bolsyn,-dep ayaqtaydy hәkim Abay ózining 32-qara sózin.

Meninshe,ghylym jolyna týsken әrbir jas Abaydyng dәl osy 32-qara sózin tereng týsinip,bilip qana qoymay,ony ómirlik ústanym-kononyna ainaldyrugha tiyis dep oilaymyn.

Abay  ghylym ýirenushi talapkerler ýshin moralidyq-filosofiya túrghysyndaghy adamgershilik pen biyik ruhany  qarym-qatynas-etika mәselesin basty oryngha shygharghan."Ghylymsyz ahiyrette joq,dýnie de joq.Ghylymsyz oqyghan namaz,tútqan ruza,qylghan qaj eshbir ghibadat ornyna barmaydy",-degen Abay (10-qara sóz)[1.144-145 bet] bilim men ghylymdy jan-tәnimen,jantalas qimyl ýstindegi oy arpalysymen nasihattady.Nege? Sebebi,endigi zaman bilim men ghylym zamany ekenin,bilim-ghylym kimning qolynda bolsa,baq ta,bereke de,biylik te sonyng qolynda bolatynyn Abay basqalardan tez boljady,tereng týsindi.Sondyqtan da ol bilim men ghylymdy bar bolmysymen,jan-tәnimen nasihattady hәm ony bar jaydan biyik qoydy.

Osy orayda abaytanudyng negizin salushy,úly ghalym M.O.Áuezovting 1927-31 jyldary jazghan Abaydyng túnghysh ghylymy ómirbayanynda jazyp qaldyrghan Abay ómirining bir deregi esimizge týsip otyr.

Qúnanbay Abaygha ýsh týrli syn aitady.Birinshisi,júrttyng bәrimen kýlip sóilesesin,jaydaq su siyaqtysyng ,ekinshi,kóringenmen jaqyn bolasyn,kisi talghamaysyn,ýshinshi orysshylsyn,orystyng dúshpandyghyn úmytasyng deydi.Abay Qúnanbay tarapynan ózine aitylghan osy ýsh synnyng ýsheuine de útymdy jauap qaytara kele,orysshylsyng degenge:"Zaman orystyki,ol-jengen,biz-jenilgen elmiz.Endigi kýnde alysatyn dúshpanynyng ailasy men әdisin bilmesen,alysqa shyghudan maghyna joq.Men orystyng ózin sýimesem de,óneri men ebinen ýlgi alugha kerek ",-depti.[4.123-bet] Abaydyng búl sózinen bolashaq úly aqynnyng halyqty óner-bilimge,aghartushylyqqa shaqyrghan oilarynyn"týp temirqazyghyn"angharamyz.

IYә,orys bizdi jense quatty memlekettiligi men ot qaruy arqyly,sol ot qarudy jasap shygharghan óneri men bilimi,ghylymy arqyly jendi.Jengen jaudyng tәsili bolghan óner-ghylymyn ýirenip,solardyng ózine qarsy qoldanu,búl-jenilgen elding basqynshy jaugha qoldanar jalghyz әdisi.Abay búl jerde dýniyejýzindegi otarlanghan eldin,otarshyl jaularyna qoldanar jalghyz tәsiline jýginip otyr.Abay sol dәuirding geo-sayasy jaghdayyn da,orys imperiyasynyng otarshyl sayasatyn da tereng týsindi.Týsinbese:

Ózderindi týzeler dey almaymyn

Óz qolynnan ketken song endi óz yrqyn,-dep aitar ma edi.

Bilimdi el eshkimge de qúl bolmaydy.Osy qaghidany tereng týsingen Abay,halqynyng últtyq sanasyn kótere otyryp,qabyrghaly damyghan elderding qataryna qosu maqsatynda,óz shygharmashylyghyndaghy basty oryndy bilim men ghylymgha berdi.Halqyna ósiyet aityp,ýlgi-ónege taratqan Abay,ghylym jayyn sóz etkende de qúrghaq didaktikagha barghan joq.Jalpy,Abay shygharmashylyghynda ýiretu,aqyl aitu(zersalo)bir sózben aitqanda didaktika az,tipten joqqa tәn.

Abaydyng ghylym turaly jazylghan ólenderin oilaghanda,bizding nazarymyzgha eng aldymen iligetini 1882-1885 jyldary jazylghan "Jasymda ghylym bar dep eskermedim"óleni men 1886 jyly jazylghan "Internatta oqyp jýr" jәne "Ghylym tappay maqtanba" ólenderi.

Abaydyng "Jasymda ghylym bar dep eskermedim" óleninde qymbat uaqytyn bosqa ótkizip,ghylym oqugha keshikken aqynnyng ózekti órtegen ókinishi men múnynda ellegiya saryny basym.Sol dәuirdegi qazaq qoghamyndaghy óz orny men baghasyn jaqsy bilgen aqyn:

Ózim de basqa shauyp,tóske órledim,

Qazaqta qara sóze des bermedim,-dey otyryp,halqy ýshin etken enbek,tókken terding zaya ketkenin ókinishke toly nalamen esine alady.Oqugha balasyn lauazymdy qyzmet ýshin emes,adamnyng oi-órisi men adamgershiligin keneyter bilim ýshin bergenin aitqan aqyn ózining kim bolghanyna toqtalyp ótse de,avtordyng aitqysy kelgen negizgi oiy,ol-ghylymdy nasihattau ekeni kózi qaraqty oqushygha aiqyn kórinip túr."Jasymda ghylym bar dep eskermedim" óleninde ózi de birtalay oqyp,jan-jaqty ósip,ótken ómirine oilana qarap,ony qatty synap,minep ótken oishyl aqyndy kóremiz.

Teginde,Abaydyng 1882-1885,1886 jyldary jazylghan ólender mazmúnyna terendep baryp,barlay qarasaq,aqyn óz ólenderinde biyik adamgershilikke,sezimning terendigine,dýniye-kózqarastyng kendigine qaray búrylady.Ol mynadan ýiren dep halqyn óner-bilimge shaqyrdy,mynadan jiyrenu kerek dep,óz qoghamynyng keseldi jaqtaryn әshkereledi.

Abaydyng 1880 jyldary jazylghan "Bir dәuren kemdi kýnge bozbalalyq","Ghylym tappay maqtanba","Internatta oqyp jýr","Sabyrsyz,arsyz,erinshek","Patsha qúday syiyndym","Jigitter,oyyn arzan,kýlki qymbat","Ólen-sózding patshasy,sóz sarasy",t.b. ólenderi tek qana jaqsy tәrbiyege baghyttalyp,jastardy ýlgili ónegege shaqyrady.

Ayta ketetin bir sóz,Abay esh uaqytta bilim men tәrbiyeni bir-birinen bólip alyp,jeke qarastyrmaghan.Jaqsy tәrbie bilim arqyly keledi,-dep eseptegen Abay,bilim men ghylymnyng adam ómirindegi ornyn óte tereng týsindi.Ol ghylym men bilimdi tәrbiyemen úshtastyra qarastyryp,adamgershilik negizi-bilim men ghylym,-degen óte kýrdeli oy ústanymda boldy.Óz shygharmashylyghynda bilim men ghylymdy basty oryngha shygharghan Abay bar kýsh-jigerin halqynyng últtyq sanasyn kóteruge júmsady.Osy orayda eske týsip otyr.Belgili aqyn,qogham qayratkeri Múhtar Shahanov aqparat qúraldarynyng birine bergen súhbatynda kýreskerlik ruhy ýshin Mahambetti Abaydan joghary qoyamyn dedi.Aqyndyghy men azamattyq kózqarasyn qansha jerden syilasam da,Múhtar aghanyng búl pikirimen kelise almaymyn.Ýstirt aitylghan pikir.Birinshiden,qazaq әdebiyetining úlylary Jýsipbek pen Beyimbetti,Sәken men Maghjandy,endi kelip Abay men Mahambetti bir-birimen salystyrudy qoy kerek.Odan eshkim de útpaydy.Tek әdebiyetimiz ghana oisyray útylady.Biz qazir birimizben birimiz qyzyl kenirdek bolyp,qansha jerden aitsaq ta,jogharyda aty atalghan bizding klassikterimiz әrqaysysy óz ornynda úly.Eger biz solardyng bireuin qazaq әdebiyeti tarihynan alyp tastasaq,alyp tastalynghan adamnyng qazaq әdebiyetindegi orny ýnireyip túrary anyq.

1836-38 jyldary Bókey ordasynyng hany Jәngirge qarsy "Aghatay-Berish úranym",-dep,Isatay men Mahambet bastaghan kóterilisting mәn-jayy Qazaqstan tarihynan belgili.Kez-kelgen kóterilisting maqsaty men sebebi bolady.Kóterilisting sebebi-jer,jer tapshylyghy jәne týrli alym-salyqtar men әleumettik auyr jaghdaylar.

Al,kóterilisting maqsatyn "Qara qazan sary balanyng qamy ýshin",- degen Mahambet:

Edilding boyy en-toghay

El qondyrsam dep edim.

Jaghalay jatqan sol elge

Mal toltyrsam dep edim,-dep,bir-aq auyz sózben týiindegen.Isatay-Mahambet bastaghan kóterilis tas-talqan bolyp jenildi.Isatay soghysta qaza tapty. Kóterilisten song boy tasalap jýrgen Mahambetting basyn beriletin syiaqy aqshasy ýshin óz qandas bauyrlary Baymaghambet súltangha tartu etti.

Moyyndaugha tiyistimiz,búl-bizding últtyq tarihymyzdyng qara jýzdi azaly betterining biri.Mahambetting óz qandas bauyrlary bolmaytyn bir syiaqy aqsha ýshin qanshelek jauyzdyqqa ne ýshin bardy?Álde olar Mahambetting kim ekenin bilmedi me?Bildi.Bile túra bardy.Nege? Birinshiden,Mahambetting basyna súltan Baymaghambet Ayshuaqúlynyng tikken qomaqty syiaqy aqshasy ýshin.Sebebi,qay zamanda da sanany túrmys biylegen.Ekinshiden,zertteushilerding jazuyna qaraghanda Mahambetting basyn alghan qandyqol qaraqshylardyng jalpy jiyny týrli rulardan jinalghan 15-20 shaqty adam bolghan sekildi.Olardyng әrqaysysy Mahambetke óz ruynyng kózqarasymen keldi.Olar ýshin Mahambet-"týbi shiyki berish,qyzylbas"Qúlmәlining nemeresi ghana.Bar bolghany sol.Olar dәl osylay oilady.Sebebi,olar ózderi ómir sýrip otyrghan feodaldyq-patriarhaldyq qoghamnyng tól perzentteri edi.Sanasy últtyq dengeyge kóterilmegen adamdar bar mәselege ózderining rulyq kózqarasymen qaraydy.Shyndyq sol:"Aghatay-Berish úranym",-dep,óz ruynyng úranyn kóterip,keyinnen:

On eki ata Bayúly

Tizgin berse qolyma

Zaular edim bir kóshke,-dep,armandaghan Mahambet ózge rulardy nege sonynan erte almady?Sebebi,últtyq sanasy oyanbaghan,әrqaysysy óz ruynyng mýdde dengeyinde ghana oilaytyn sol kezendegi ózge rulardy,Jayyqtyng arghy betindegi Jәnghir hangha qaraytyn Berish ruynyng kókeytesti mәseleleri qyzyqtyrghan joq.Oylandyrmady da.Búl bir.Ekinshiden,ózge rular da Mahambetke "týbi shiyki qyzylbas"dep qarady.Dәl osylay bolghany tarihy shyndyq.Osy tarihy shyndyqty Mahambet ómirin zertteushilerding barlyghy birdey bir auyzdan atap ótedi.Osyny bilgen Mahambet olardy kóteriliske shaqyrghanymen,ýgittegen joq.Qolynan kelmeytinin bildi me,olardyng últtyq sanasyn oyatugha tyryspady da.Isatay-Mahambet kóterilisining jenilisi,ol-sanasy últtyq dengeyge kóterilmegen býkil qazaq halqynyng jenilisi.Aqiqatyna kelgende,Isatay-Mahambet kóterilisi-Berish ruynyng Jәngir hangha qarsy kóterilisi edi.

Kýresker atanu ýshin halyqty kóteriliske ýndeu shart emes.Kýreskerlikting basty sharty,ol-halqynyng ruhany sanasyn oyatu.San ghasyrlar jinaghan ruhany baylyghy-ruhy oyanghan halyq qana últ dәrejesine kóterile alady.Al,halyqtyng ruhyn sanauly ghana faktorlar oyatary anyq.Sol faktorlardyng biri-últ mýddesin tu etip kótergen sol últtan shyqqan úlylardyng sózi.

Mahambet sóz joq úly aqyn,biraq onyng poeziyasynda últtyq sanany oyatatynday "qazaq","qazaghym" degen bir auyz sózi kezdestire almaysyz.Ol ýshin men aqyndy kinәlaudan aulaqpyn.Mýmkin oghan sol kezendegi qazaq qauymy ómir sýrgen feodaldyq-patriarhaldyq qogham kinәli bolar.

Mahambetting Abaydan jasy ýlken bolghanymen,zamany bir edi.Olar ómir sýrgen sol kezendegi rulyq-patriarhaldyq qoghamda últtyq sanadan góri rulyq sanasy basym týrli rulardan qúralghan qazaq halqy,tútas bir últ dәrejesine kóterile qoyghan joq bolatyn.Osy túrghydan kelgende,qazaq halqyn alghash ret,eng birinshi bolyp,"Qalyng elim qazaghym",-dep atay otyryp,sanaly týrde qazaq halqyna tútas bir últ retinde qaraghan túnghysh últ aqyny Abay bolghanyn biz úmytpauymyz kerek.Halqyn san ghasyrlyq úiqysynan oyatyp,olardy últtyq tútastyqqa shaqyru túrghysyna kelgende,Abay naghyz kýresker aqyn.Halqynyng últtyq sanasyn kóteru jolyndaghy kýreskerlik jolynan Abay ómir boyy ainyghan joq.Abaydy basqa aqyndardan bólip alyp,erekshelep,oqshau biyikke kóterip túrghan da onyng dәl osy kýreskerlik ruhy.

Sol dәuirde,qazaq halqyna bir últ retinde qarau kerek degen  sapaly oy Abaydan ózge qazaq aqyndaryna orala qoymaghan kez.Ózine deyingi rulyq sanadaghy aqyndardan Abaydyng eng negizgi basty aiyrmashlyghy sol,ol-qazaq halqyna tútas bir últ retinde qarady.Abay qazaq halqyn últtyq tútastyq pen birlikke shaqyrghan,onyng namysy men ruhyn biyik maqsatty sapaly oy túghyryna kótergen túnghysh qazaq aqyny boldy.Qoghamdyq damudyng qay satysynda bolsa da erekshe qúbylys bolyp sanalatyn últtyq sana-últtyng ózin-ózi synay alu dәrejesimen ólshenedi.Sondyqtan da aqyn Abay,halqynyng últtyq sanasy men namysyn kóteru maqsatynda óz últyn,qazaq halqyn ólsheusiz minedi,ayamay synady.

Búl-óz últyn sheksiz sýigen danyshpan úlylardyng óz halqyn biyik moralidyq adamgershilikke,sanaly oi,sapaly tәrbiyege jetkizudegi birden bir qoldanar әdisi edi.Abay da osy әdeiske jýgindi.Ol óz halqyn,óz últyn sheksiz sýigendikten de osylay etuge mәjbýr boldy.

Bilimdi,ruhany dýniyesi bay halyq qana qoghamdyq damudyng biyik satysyna kóterilmek.Osy qaghidany berik ústanghan Abay 1880 jyldary jazylghan ólenderinde ruhany dýniyening qaynar kózi-bilim,ghylymdy sóz etip,adamgershilik pen aqyl,ar-úyat yaghny adam boyyndaghy ruhany baylyqty basty oryngha shyghardy.Búl jyldary Abay әri jazyp,әri terendey oqy týsedi.Áleumetin tereng tanyp,azamattyq iydeyasy jan-jaqty ósken bilimdi aqyn,ózi ómir sýrgen qoghamdy әr qyrynan tany týsip,jana ýlgidegi aqyn bolyp qalyptasa bastaydy.

Abaydyng osy kezende yaghny 1886 jyly jazghan "Internatta oqyp jýr" ólenining ózeginde shynayy tarihy shyndyq jatyr.Ólende әleumetin tereng tanyghan aqynnyng óz qoghamynyng oqyghandaryna degen syny kózqarasy jan-jaqty terennen ashylghan.XIX ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysynda ózining otarshyldyq sayasatyn odan ary jýzege asyru ýshin Resey imperiyasy jergilikti últ ókilderinen tilmәsh-audarmashylar men úsaq patshalyq sheneunikter dayarlaytyn mektep ashqany belgili.Olardy qazyna esebinen internatta jatqyzyp,oqytqany da ras.Abaydyng "Internatta oqyp jýr" óleni sol alghashqy orys oquynda oqyp jýrgen qazaq balalaryna arnalady.

Internatta oqyp jýr,

Talay qazaq balasy,-dep bastalatyn ólininde Abay ,"sharighaty shala"bilimsiz de toghyshar qazaq oqyghandarynyng orystyng tili men jazuyn  bilip,"prosheniye-aryz" jazugha ghana shamasy jetetin shala oquyn:

Proshenie jazugha

Tyrysar kelse shamasy,-dep әjualay mysqyldaydy.Sharighaty da,oquy da,bilimi de shala oqushylardy:

Oyynda joq birinin,

Saltykov pen Tolstoy.

Ya tilmәsh,ya advokat

Bolsam degen bәrinde oi,-dep qatty synaghan aqyn,oqudy qyzmet ýshin oqyma,Saltykov,Tolstoy sekildi oishyldardyng enbegin oqyp bil,solardan ýiren,halqyna pana bol,eline paydang tiysin,sol ýshin oqy,-deydi.

Abaydyng "Internatta oqyp jýr"óleninde alghashqy qazaq oqyghandarynyng jiyntyq beynesi shynayy túrghyda әdemi suretelgen.Kómekke zәru halqy men eline jany ashymas bezbýirekke ainalghan olar,mansapqor әri qúlqynnyng qúly ynsapsyz.Ólendi oqyp bolghan son,qazaq oqyghandarynyng adamgershilik túrghysynan osynshama qúldyrauyna olardyng ghylymnan habarsyz bilimsizdigi sebepker,-degen týiindi oigha oqushy eriksiz baylam jasaydy.Abaydyng danyshpandyghy sonda,ol-adam boyyndaghy jaghymsyz qasiyetterding barlyghynyng bastauynda bilimsizdik túr degen astarly oidy aqyndyq týisikpen ghajayyp týrde beynelep jetkizgen.

Qazaq oqyghandarynyng boyyndaghy jaghymsyz qasiyetterdi sanamalap kórsetken Abaydyng "Internatta oqyp jýr"ólenining jazylghan uaqytynan beri tura 133 jyl uaqyt ótipti.Sodan beri qazaq oqyghandarynyng boyyndaghy Abay synaghan jaman qasiyetterden ne ózgerdi?Eshnәrse de!

IYә,"Jana jyldyng basy" bolghan jana tolqyn,jaqsy lep jan-jaqty bilim iyeleri,últyn jan-tәnimen sýiip,tәuelsiz memleket qúrudy armandaghan ,sol jolgha ómirin arnap,basyn bәigege tikken,shyn mәnindegi últ ziyalylary"Alash arystaryn"qyzyl terror qan-qasap qyrghyngha úshyratqan son,qaymaghynan aiyrylghan sýttey bolyp,bilimdimiz,oqyghanbyz deytin keyingi tolqyn últshyldyq,elshildik túrghydaghy bar qasiyetinen aiyrylyp,qúldyq sananyng taz kepeshin qayta kiygeni eshkimge de jasyryn syr emes.Búl bizding últtyq tarihymyzdyng ishine auyr syr býkken,eng qaraly betteri.

Allagha sansyz alghys,myng shýkir!Ata-babamyz ghasyrlar boyy armandaghan tәuelsiz el boldyq!Bodandyq,qúldyq qamyttan qútylghan son,bizding ziyaly qauymnyng últshyldyq qasiyetteri molaya týsip, elshildik sezimi jogharylaugha tiyis edi ghoy.Mine,paradoks!Bizde bәri kerisinshe bolyp shyqty.Sol bayaghy Abay zamanyndaghy ruhsyzdyq,mansapqorlyq,ashkózdi ynsapsyzdyq,mansap jolynda eshnәrseden tayynbaytyn "tufly jalaghysh"jaghympazdyq qaz-qalpynda saqtalyp,sol kýiinde miz baqpay túr.Qazaq oqyghandary ýshin Abay zamanynan beri eshnәrse ózgermegen sekildi.Abay zamanyndaghy oqyghandar "tilmәsh","advokat" boludy armandasa,búl kýndegi qazaq oqyghan ziyalylarynyng arman auqymy ósip "әkim" ne "deputat" bolghysy keledi.Bar aiyrmashylyq osy ghana!Últtyq mýddeni basty oryngha shygharugha tiyis ziyaly qauym jaltaq әri qorqaqOlar últ aldyndaghy óz jauapkershiligin seziner emes.Aqyldy,oqymysty bolghandyqtan bolar,qarapayym halyq bar ýmitin ózining oqyghan ziyaly qauymyna artady.Dene enbegimen emes,oy enbegimen ómir sýrip,jaqsy,jayly ómirge erekshe qúshtar ziyaly qauym tabighatynda óte qorqaq.Sondyqtan da bolar,olardyng ishininde batyly jetip,últtyng kókeykesti mәselelerin qoryqpay aitatyn qayratkerler óte siyrek kezdesedi.Mening búl sózime"japparqúldanyp"bas shúlghyp,preziydentting qolyn sýiip,ony Payghambargha teneytin "núrotanshyl" ziyalylar tolyq dәlel.

Hәkim Abay:
Ýsh-aq nәrse adamnyng qasiyeti
Ystyq qayrat,núrly aqyl,jyly jýrek,- deydi.

Ziyaly qauymda núrly aqyl,jyly jýrek bar shyghar,biraq,boyynda"ystyq qayrat" bolmaghandyqtan bolar, olar "әlipting artyn baqqysh" ekijýzdi qorqaq.Adam boyyndaghy kýlli nәrsiz,jaman qasiyetterding týp negizinde qorqaqtyq túr.

Al,bizding ekijýzdi ziyaly qauym,ózining qorqaqtyghyn aqyldy da jyltyr sózimen býrkemelegisi keledi.Olardyng búl qylyghy basyn qúmgha jasyrghanymen,arty dónkeyip kórinip túratyn týieqústyng beynesin elestetedi.Qazaq halqynyng úly tragediyasy sonda,bizding әli kýnge últtyq sanamyz qalyptasqan joq! Nege? Búghan kim kinәli?Endi ne isteu kerek? Súraq kóp,jauap joq!

Qazir oilaymyn,Abay ghayyptan tirilip ortamyzgha kelse,últtyq sanasy oyanbaghan beyshara haldegi úrpaghy men qúlqynynan basqa eshnәrse oilamaytyn mәngýrttengen ziyaly qauymyn kórip,qaytadan til tartpay ólip ketetin shyghar.

Qashan bala ghylym,bilimdi mahabatpen kókserlik bolsa,sonda ghana onyng adam aty bolady,-degen (38-qara sóz) Abay ilimine sýiensek:Adamnyng ishki jan dýniyesi-adamgershiligi men aqylynyn,sabyry men qayratynyn,meyirimi men әdiletining ruhany qaynar kózi-bilim men ghylym.Bilimi men ghylymy joq nemese bilim-ghylymy shala adam ruhany daghdarysqa tez úshyrary haq.Onyng arghy jaghynda-adamy azghyndyq túr.

Negizgi deni Kenes ókimeti túsynda qalyptasqan býgingi qazaq ziyalylaryn bilim men ghylymnan  habarsyz edi dep aita almaymyz.Olay bolsa,olar nege osynday beyshara halge týsti?

Onyng negizgi sebebi mynau:Últynyng bolashaghyn oilaghan últ ziyalylary Kenestik "qyzyl qyrghynnyn" qúrbany  bolyp,"halyq jauy"degen jalamen atylyp ketti.Keyingilerge ýlgi joq.Halyq kimdi tyndap,kimnen ýlgi alaryn bilmedi.Últtyq sanasy qalyptasyp ýlgermegen qazaq halqy,últ ziyalylarynan aiyrylghan son,seng soqqan balyqtay mәngirip qaldy.Sol kezende "últtar dostyghy" degen jeleumen,orys tilin neghúrlym tezirek bilsek,soghúrlym kommunizmge erterek jetemiz degen Kenes ókimetining otarshyl sayasatyn býrkemeleytin jalghan iydeologiyasyna,otarlyq ezgide úzaq uaqyt bolyp,últtyq sanasy qalyptaspaghandyqtan bolar,basqalargha qaraghanda qazaqtyng oqyghan ziyalylary tez beyimdeldi.Biraq,osy "beyimdelgish" qazaq oqyghandarynyng kóbi bilimdi hәm ghylymdy "ghalym"adamdar edi.Onda sebep nede? Álde,adamnyng kýlli jaqsy minezining bastauynda bilim men ghylym túr,-degen hәkim Abay qatelesti me? Joq, Abay qatelespepti.

Hәkim Abay ózining 32-qarasózinde:"Ghylymdy ýirengende,aqiqat maqsatpen bilmeu ýshin ýirenbek kerek.Eger din kóniling ózge nәrsede bolsa,bilim-ghylymdy soghan sebep qana qylmaq ýshin ýirensen,onday bilimge kónilinning meyirimi asyrap alghan sheshenning meyirimi sekildi bolady.Adam kónili shyn meyirlense,bilim-ghylymnyng ózi de meyirlenedi,tezirek qolgha týsedi.Shala meyir shala bayqaydy",-deydi.[2.174-bet]

Bizding qazaq oqyghandarynyng kóbisi derlik ghylymdy aqiqat maqsatpen bilmek ýshin ýirengen joq.Olardyng shyn kónili ózge nәrsede boldy.Ol-qyzmet pen mansap edi.

Balamdy medresege bil dep berdim
Qyzmet qylsyn,shen alsyn,dep bermedim,- degen Abay,qyzmet,mansap ýshin oqyma dese,bizding qazaq oqyghandary kerisinshe,qyzmet ýshin oqyp, “... bilim-ghylymdy oghan sebep qana qylmaq ýshin”[2.174-bet] (Abay.32-qarasóz) lauazymdy biyik qyzmetterge qol jetkizu maqsatynda bilim-ghylymdy baspaldaq retinde paydalandy.Shala ghylym shala bayytady,shala bayqaydy.Nәtiyjesinde ruhany dýniyesi óte kedey, qúlqynynan ózge oiy joq,últyna jany ashymaytyn ashkóz,ynsapsyz "shala ziyalylar" qazaq qauymynda qaptap ketti.Olar Abay shenegen,Abay zamanyndaghy oqyghandarynyng qataryna adasyp baryp,osylay qosyldy.Ahmet Baytúrsynúlynyng 1913 jyly aitqan:"Alashqa aty shyqqan adamdar!Kósemdikterindi adaspay,týzu istender.Sender adassandar, arttarynnan ergen Alash adasady.Arttarynnan ergenderding obal-sauabyna sender qalasyndar",-degen janayghayyna oqyghan ziyaly qauym qúlaq aspady.[5.208-bet] Bayybyna terendep bara almady.Aty shyqqan oqyghandar adasqan son,sonynan ergen býkil halyq,bәrimiz adastyq.Eger,biz Abay ilimimen erterek tanys bolyp,terenirek bilgenimizde,bәlkim osy kýnde últtyq sanasy qalyptasqan,irgeli elderding qatarynda bolar ma edik,kim bilsin?

Qyzmetqúmar degennen shyghady,ataqty sóz zergeri,qazaq әdebiyetining klassiygi Ghabit Mýsirepovting Beyimbet Mayliyn,By aghang turaly  esteliginde: "Beyimbet jinalysqa da prezidum saylanyp bolghan song kiredi eken.Ondaghysy jinalysta basqarugha saylanyp qalam ba dep qorqady.Birdemege bastyq bolugha jolamau Beyimbetting erekshe minezi edi.Ózgemiz ondaydan qashyp kórgen emespiz",-dep eske alady Ghabit aghamyz Beyimbet Maylindi óz esteliginde.[6.12-bet]

Meninshe,shynayy shygharmashylyq túlgha,tap sol Beyimbet Maylin sekildi ózining tәuelsizdigi men ishki erkindigin saqtap,qyzmet ataulydan qashyp jýruge tiyis.Ghabit "ózgemiz" ,-dep jazghanymen,ol ózin aityp otyr.Kózi tirisinde-aq "sóz zergeri" atanghan ghajayyp daryndy jazushy Ghabit Mýsirepov ól-ólgenshe Qazaqstan Ministrler Kenesining tóraghasy,Jazushylar Odaghynyng birinshi basshysy,týrli basylymdardyng bas redaktory sekildi sýbeli qyzmetterden bas tartpaghan mansapqúmar kisi bolghanyn,onyng kózin kórgen zamandastarynyng kóbi óz estelikterinde jazyp ketken."Alash" partiyasynyng mýshesi bolghandyqtan,Kenes ókimeti ómir boyy senimsizdik kórsetken úly jazushymyz Múhtar Áuezov,tek qana shygharmashylyq júmyspen ainalysyp,basqa qyzmet istemedi.Jan-jaqty daryn iyesi M.Áuezov jazushy әri ghalym retinde ózining sonynda 50 tom akademiyalyq,20 tom tamdamaly shygharmalar jinaghyn qaldyrdy.Al,M.Áuezovten jazushylyq ta,ghalymdyq ta talanty birde kem emes,qyzmetqúmar Ghabit Mýsirepovting sonynda 7-8 tomday ghana shygharmalar jinaghy qaldy.Eger,Gh.Mýsirepov sanaly ghúmyryn lauazymdy qyzmetke emes,shygharmashylyqqa arnaghanda,ol da M.Áuezov sekildi sonynda mol әdebiy-ruhany baylyq qaldyrghan bolar edi.Kim útty? Eshkim de.Búdan tek qazaq halqynyng últtyq әdebiyeti men ruhany mәdeniyeti ghana oisyray útyldy.

Osy orayda eske týsip otyr,qazaqtyng taghy bir zanghar jazushysy Oralhan Bókey studenttermen bolghan bir kezdesuinde aityp edi.Orystyng anau Belov,Shukshiyn,Rasputin sekildi jazushylary ailap,jyldap derevnyalarda túryp,bolashaq keyipkerlerimen aralasyp,qoyan-qoltyq ómir sýrgen son,orys ómirin barynsha shynayy surettegen tamasha tuyndylar jazdy.Al,biz qyzmetqúmar,sheneunik qazaq jazushylary,qyzmetimizden aiyrylsaq tura bir ólip qalatynday bolyp,kabiynetimizden shyqpaymyz.Stol basynda otyryp baqylaghannan shynayy ómir turaly qay bir jóni týzu shygharma jazylady,-degen sózi este qalyp qoyypty.

Biz osy qazaqtar nege qyzmet qúmarmyz?Múnday auyr dertke qalay shaldyqtyq?

Shyndyqtyng betine tura qarap,tarihymyzdyng terenine ýnilsek,búl-qúpiyasy terende jatqan auyr syr.Orys imperiyasy ózderi jaulap alghan qazaq jerine mәngilik iyelik etu ýshin,otarshyldardyng jaulap alghan eline qoldanar birden bir әdisi "Jabayylardy jabayylardyng qolymen túnshyqtúru nemese sekseuildi sekseuilmen úru" sayasatyn qoldanghany mәlim.Olar rulyq sanadaghy qazaq taypalary men rularyn bir-birine aidap salyp,jaulastyra otyryp,olardyng keybir basshylaryna lauazymdy qyzmet berip,olargha mindetti salyq týrlerinen týrli jenildikter qarastyrdy.Qarny men qara basynyng qamy ýshin halqynyng bostandyghy men tәuelsizdigin satqan olar,moyyndaryna qúldyqtyng qamyty kiyilip,qalay qúlgha ainalghandaryn olardyng ózderi de sezbey qaldy.Qúlda ynsap,qanaghat,raqym,ar-úyat degen sezimder bolmaydy.Ar-úyaty ólip,ruhany túrghydaghy qúlgha ainalghan olar,barlyq mәselege jeke qara basynyng qamyn kýittegen qúlqyn kózimen qarady.Mine,osylay qúlgha ainalyp,ózgeni zor tútqan satqyndar,óz qandastaryna qaraghanda jenil ómir sýrdi.Tipten,olar jaqsy ómir sýrgisi keletin keybireulerge ýlgi bola bastady.Mine,qyzmet qúmarlyq dertine biz osylay shaldyqtyq.Mansapqorlyq pen qyzmetqúmarlyq derti,búl-teksizder arqyly últymyzgha otarshyldar salyp bergen qúldyq tanba edi.

Últynyng tili men dinin,tarihyn,әdebiyeti men mәdeniyetin úmytqan mәngýrttikting týp negizinde jaqsy,jenil ómir sýruge úmtylghan-mansapqorlyq pen qyzmet qúmarlyq jatyr.Búl-aqiqat!

Qúldyq pen qorlyq tanbasynyng aighaghy-qyzmet qúmarlyqtan biz qalay qútylamyz?

Tek,últtyq sanamyzdy kóteru arqyly ghana!Últtyq sanasy kóterilgen halyq qana ózine-ózi syn kózben qaray alady.Últtyq sanamyz kóterilmegendikten bolar,biz esh uaqytta,eshnәrseni ózimizden kórmeymiz.Barlyq uaqytta qasiretimiz ýshin biz  ózge bireulerdi kinәlaymyz.Ómir boyy tek qana qojayynnyng aitqanyn istep,ózdiginen oilanyp kórmegen qúl ghana ar úyalar isine ózin emes,ózgelerdi aiyptaydy.Ol óz ar-úyatynyng aldynda esh uaqytta jauap berip kórmegen arsyz hәm oisyz.Sebebi,ol ýshin basqalar oilanady.Onda bir ghana oy bar.Ol-qojayynnyng oiynan shyghu.Mine,qúldyq psihologiyanyng eng jogharghy týri osy!Qúldyq sanadan qútyludyng tóte joly,ol-últtyq sanany kóteru!Últtyq sanany kóteru jolynda jauapkershilik pen jetekshi róldi ziyaly qauym aluy tiyis.Búl-zaman talaby!Últtyq sanany kóteru,ol-halqymyz ghasyrlar boyy qalyptastyrghan tili men dini,dili,tarihy men әdebiyeti,mәdeniyeti arqyly kelgen ruhany baylyghymyzdy basty oryngha shygharu.Biz sonda ghana últ retinde saqtalyp qala alamyz.Basqasha bolghan jaghdayda,adamzat tarihynan mәngilikke joyylyp ketken myndaghan halyqtardyng qataryna baryp qosylarymyz aidan anyq!Osy últtyq qaterdi aldyn-ala sezgen úly sanatker hәkim Abay:

Jarly emespin,zarlymyn,-dey kelip:

Ózderindi týzeler dey almaymyn,

Óz qolynnan ketken son,endi óz yrqyn,-dep kýnirenui jaydan-jay aityla salghan sóz emes.

Dәl qazirgi tanda,ýlgi kórmey,qyzmet qúmarlyq dertine shaldyqqan qazaqtyng qanshama ziyalylary,últtyng emes,qara basynyng qamyn kýittep,jayly ómir men qu qúlqynnyng qamy ýshin ózinen jogharyda túrghandardyng "tufliyin jalap" qor bolyp ómir sýrude.Bizding últtyq tragediyamyz sonda,halqyna jol kórsetip,jón núsqaydy,-degen qazaq ziyalylary últ aldyndaghy jauapkershiligin tereng sezinip,týsine almay otyr.Últqa túlgha bolady degen ziyalylarymyzdyng jaghdayy osynday bolghanda,ýlgi eter qauymy joq qarapayym halyqtyng últtyq sanasy qalay kóterilmek?Biz qazir qúlqynnan ózge oiy joq,ashkóz ynsapsyzgha ainaldyq.Ashyghyn aitsaq,dәl býgingi qazaq halqy ruhany daghdarys ýstinde.Osy daghdarystan shyghar jol bar ma?Meninshe,bar.Ol-Abay ilimi.Adamgershilik bastauynda túrghan bilim men ghylym-"Imanigýldi","Tolyq adamdy" nasihattaytyn Abay ilimine bastap aparar aqiqat joly ekeni anyq!Biraq,búl óz aldyna bólek әngime.Sebebi,"Abay ilimi"- adamgershilik,iman,ar-úyat turaly ghylym.

Paydalanghan әdebiyetter    

1.Abay (Ibrahiym) Qúnanbaev.Shygharmalarynyng eki tomdyq tolyq jinaghy.2-tom. Almaty,"Ghylym"-1977

2.Qazaqstan.Últtyq Ensiklopediya.3-tom."Qazaq Ensiklopediyasynyn" Basredaksiyasy. Almaty,2001 jyl

3.Arts.U.Cheys.B.Krolichiya nora ily chto my znaem o sebe y vselennoy. Moskva, "Eksmo"-2012

4.Áuezov.M. Abaydy bilmek paryz oily jasqa.Almaty,"Sanat"-1997

5.Isimaqova.A. Alash әdebiyettanuy.Almaty,"Mektep"-2009

6.By agha. B.Maylin turaly estelikter.Almaty,"Jazushy"-1991

Núrghaly Mahan
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