Totalitarlyq jýiening tabanynda taptalyp, «halyq jauy» degen jalamen atylyp, asylyp, aidalyp ketkenderdi eske alu maqsatynda «Amanat» intellektualdy pikirsayys kluby «1932-33 jyldardaghy asharshylyq zardaptary: tarihy shyndyq jәne sayasy bagha» degen taqyrypty talqy tarazysyna saldy.
Otyrysqa «Núr Otan» partiyasynyng hatshysy Erlan Qariyn, alashtanushy ghalym Túrsyn Júrtbay jәne Memleket tarihy institutynyng diyrektory Býrkit Ayaghan qatysty. Tizginshi Berik Uәly últymyzdyng tarihyna qaraly әriptermen jazylghan qandy qasap bolmaghanda bizding sanymyz qazirgiden әldeqayda kóp bolatyndyghyna nazar audaryp: «Biyl - qazaq halqynyng tarihyndaghy asa qasiretti asharshylyq oqighasyna - 80, stalindik jappay qughyn-sýrgin zúlmatyna - 75 jyl. Osy zobalandar qandastarymyzdy qynaday qyryp, halqymyzdy sýt betine shyghatyn qaymaqtarynan aiyrdy. Ótken ghasyrdyng ortasyna deyin Kenes Odaghynyng qúramyndaghy elderding barlyghynda qughyn-sýrgin, asharshylyq, jer audaru oqighalary az bolghan joq. Alaghay-búlaghay zamannyng zardabyn tartqan halyqtardyng ishinde qazaq últynyng basyna qalyng búlt ýiirildi. Býginde sol jyldary Resey, Qazaqstan, Belarusi hәm Ukrainada asharshylyqtan 7 mln adam baqilyq bolghany aitylyp jýr. Búl derekke Qazaqstan halqy assambleyasynyng HIH sessiyasynda Memleket basshysy Núrsúltan Nazarbaev ta toqtaldy. Preziydent óz sózinde: «Búl qasiretting ornyn toltyru mýmkin emes. Jalpy, esep boyynsha Qazaqstan, Belarusi, Resey jәne Ukrainada asharlyq pen auru saldarynan 7 mln adam qaza tapty. Asharshylyq saldarynan qaza tapqandardyng 1,5 millionnan astamy Qazaqstangha tiyesili. 600 myng qazaq asharshylyq pen aurudan qashyp, tughan jerin tastap ketuge mәjbýr boldy. Tek qana 37-38 jyldary, 2 jylda NKVD organdarynyng resmy mәlimetteri boyynsha, Kenes Odaghynyng aumaghynda 1,5 millionnan astam adam tútqyndaldy, olardyng 680 mynynyng atu jazasyna kesilgendigi turaly sheshimderi boldy. Biz múny este saqtauymyz kerek», - degendi atap kórsetti. Sonday-aq, Elbasy 31 mamyr kýni Elorda da «Asharshylyq qúrbandaryna eskertkish» monumenti ashylatynyn aitty. Búl - óte oryndy sheshim dep oilaymyn. Sebebi biz jazyqsyzdan-jazyqsyz japa shegip, qorlyq kórgen babalarymyzgha qúrmet kórsetuge tiyispiz»,- dedi. Ayta keteyik, 1992 jyldary elimizde asharshylyq qúrbandaryna eskertkish túrghyzu bastamasy kóterildi. Alayda isting sony siyrqúiymshaqtanyp ketti. Tayauda Astana qalasynyng әkimi IY.Tasmaghambetov Elbasy Núrsúltan Nazarbaevqa «Asharshylyq qúrbandaryna eskertkish» monumenti mýsinin somdaugha baylanysty ótkizilgen respublikalyq bayqaudan iriktelgen jobalardy úsyndy. Nәtiyjesinde Astanada ashtyq qúrbandarynyng ruhyna taghzym etetin qasterli oryn boy kóteretin boldy. Sóz arasynda B.Uәly «Amanat» iyntellektualdy pikirsayys kluby osy datagha baylanysty biyl birneshe ret otyrys ótkizgenin mәlimdep: «Klub asharshylyq taqyrybyn jiyi-jii qozghau arqyly qazaq tarihyndaghy qasiret zardabynyng zor bolghandyghyna, asharshylyqty zertteu isin bir jýiege týsiruge, onyng orta mektepter men joghary oqu oryndarynda oqytyluyn qadaghalaugha, oqighagha tarihy bagha beruge jәne 31 mamyrdy «Qaraly kýn» dep jariyalaugha qogham nazaryn audartudy kózdeydi»,- dedi Óz kezeginde Memleket tarihy institutynyng diyrektory Býrkit Ayaghan nәubet jyldardyng aqtandaqtaryn qayta aqtaryp, aqiqatyn arshyp alu qajettigine toqtalyp bylay dedi: «Sol jyldary qúrban bolghan adamdardyng naqty sanyn anyqtau mýmkin emes ekenin eskeru qajet. Qazaq halqy, әsirese, 1921-1922 jyldardaghy jәne 1932-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyq kezinde qatty zardap shekti. Zertteushiler 1921-1922 jyldary 1,5 mln-gha juyq qazaq asharshylyqtan kóz júmghanyn aitsa, 1932-1933 jyldary bolghan asharshylyq kezinde qúrban bolghandar sany 2,7 mln adam retinde kórsetilip jýr. Odan bólek, osy oqighalar kezinde ózge memleketterge jansaughalap kóship ketken adamdar sany da az bolmaghan. Demek, HH ghasyrdyng alghashqy 30 jylynda qazaq halqynyng jalpy sanynyng jartysynan kóbi qúrban bolghan. Óitkeni 1921-1922 jәne 1932-1933 jyldarda bolghan asharshylyq kezinde qazaq últy 4 mln 200 mynnan astam azamatynan aiyrylghan. Zertteushiler qazaq halqynyng jalpy sany 1918-1920 jyldary shamamen 6-7 mln adam bolghandyghyn algha tartady. Biyl 1932-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyqqa 80 jyl toldy. Búl data mereke emes, qaraly kýn». Institut diyrektorynyng dereginshe, 1921-1922 jyldary qazaq dalasynda jút bolghan. Sonyng saldarynan júrt ólmesting kýnine kóshken. Jendettik sayasat ústanghan Goloshekinning «asyra silteu bolmasyn, ashatúyaq qalmasyn» degen úrany, túralap jatqan júrtty odan sayyn túqyrtyp tastaghan. Qazir belgili bolyp otyrghanday, sol jyldary qazaqtardyng arasynda 700 juyq baydyng maly tәrkilengen. Negizi Qazaqstanda bayyrghy últty joyyp jiberuge baghyttalghan sharalar alghash ret 1920 jyldyng kóktemi men 1928 jyldyng kýzinde qolgha alynghan. Sóitip 11 myng 260 sharuashylyqtan 4500 bas mal újymgha qajet degen jeleumen tartyp alynghan. 1929 jyly Qazaqstanda 40 mln bas mal bolsa, ainalasy 3-4 jyldyng ishinde tórt týlikting sany 10 esege azayghan. Mal basynyng azangy halyq sanynyng kýrt kemuine sebep bolghan. 1921-1922 jyldary ashtyq kezinde qazaqtar sany 30 payyzgha azaysa, 1932 jylghy qoldan jasalghan ashtyq qúrbandary 2 mln-nan asty, al keybir ghalymdar olardyng qatary 3 mln-gha jetti degendi aityp jýr. Tipti, tariyhymyzdaghy «Aqtaban shúbyryndy, Alqakól súlama» atanghan qasiretti kezende de múnday shyghyn bolmaghan. «1931-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyq turaly jazugha, derekter jariyalaugha Kenes ókimeti túsynda qatang tyiym salynyp, kóp jyldar boyy «jabuly qazan jabuly kýiinde qalyp» keldi. Keyin ghana zúlmat jyldardyng shyndyghy jariyalanyp, qyzyl qyrghyn әshkerelendi. Zertteushiler men ghalymdar tarih qoynauyna qaraly әriptermen jazylghan júttyng ashy shyndyghyn tam-túmdap jariyalay bastady. Talay enbekter jaryqqa shyqty. Degenmen, múraghattarda әli de qanshama qújattar men derekter kezegin kýtip jatyr. Onyng barlyghyn zerttep, birizge týsiru qajet. Kórshiles Ukraina Goloshekinning «qyzyl qyrghynyn» genosid dep tanysa, bizding elde búl mәsele әli kýnge deyin kóterilmey keledi. Qasaqana qoldan ashtyq jasalyp, qazaq últyn týp-tamyrymen joydy maqsat tútqan nәubetke sayasy bagha berilui - soltýstiktegi kórshimizge aiyp taghu emes, tarih aldyndaghy adaldyq bolmaq. Sondyqtan búl isti keshiktirmey qolgha alghanymyz jón» dedi Býrkit Ayaghan.
Qanat MAHAMBET
Astana
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