Álemdik agroazyq-týlik naryghynyng investorlary men qatysushylary ýshin Qazaqstan aimaqtyq túraqtandyrushy kýsh әri jana mýmkindikter ortalyghy retinde tanyldy.

Qazirgi geosayasy túraqsyzdyq, klimattyng ózgerui jәne jetkizu tizbekterining әlsizdigi jaghdayynda azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi әlem elderi ýshin basty basymdyqqa ainaldy. Ortalyq Aziyadaghy eng iri memleket әri ósip kele jatqan agrarlyq derjava retinde Qazaqstan búl mindetti jedel sheshu maqsatynda agroazyq-týlik sektoryn keshendi janghyrtugha kiristi. Maqsat – ishki naryqty azyq-týlikpen tolyq qamtamasyz etu, eksporttyq әleuetti arttyru jәne әrtaraptandyru men ornyqty damu arqyly úzaq merzimdi túraqtylyqqa qol jetkizu.

Songhy jyldary Qazaqstan auyl sharuashylyghy salasyn týbegeyli transformasiyalaugha baghyttalghan jәne búl baghytta aitarlyqtay jetistikterge jetti. Jergilikti óndiris, mehanizasiya jәne qosylghan qúny joghary ónim eksporty damyp, ishki azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi nyghaydy. Eksport kólemi ósip, klimatqa tózimdilik pen jasyl ekonomika qaghidattaryna adaldyq bayqalady.

Jana sauda oiynshysy

Songhy bes jylda (2020–2024 jj.) Qazaqstannyng agroazyq-týlik eksporty 51%-gha artyp, 3,4 mlrd AQSh dollarynan 5,1 mlrd AQSh dollaryna jetti, jәne býginde 66 elding naryghyn qamtidy. Qosylghan qúny joghary ónim ýlesi agroeksporttyng 52%-ynan astamyn qúrap, salanyng qúrylymdyq jetiluin dәleldeydi.

Ósimning negizgi bóligi ósimdik sharuashylyghyna tiyesili. Qytay, Týrkiya, Iran jәne Ázerbayjanmen fitosanitarlyq kelisimder jasalyp, mayly daqyldar, búrshaq jәne dәndi daqyldar eksportyna jol ashyldy. Mysaly, qazaqstandyq óndirushiler Qytaygha kýnjara, jasymyq jәne raps jetkize alady. Aldaghy uaqytta kýrish, maqta, qauyn jәne qarbyz eksporty boyynsha naryqqa shyghu mýmkindikteri keneymek.

Auyl sharuashylyghy daqyldarynyng ónimdiligin arttyru ýshin agrotehnologiyalar qarqyndy engizilude. Songhy eki jylda tynaytqysh qoldanu kólemi 1,9 ese ósti, elitalyq túqym paydalanu artty, auyl sharuashylyghy tehnikasy janartyluda. Rasteniyevodtyq jobalar men tehnika janghyrtugha jenildetilgen nesiyeler úsynyluda. 2024 jyly 25 mln tonnadan astam dәndi, 3,3 mln tonna mayly jәne 640 myng tonna búrshaq daqyldary jinaldy.

Kýnbaghys tarihy – tabystyng ýlgisi

Mayly daqyldardy, әsirese kýnbaghys mayy men kýnjarany óndeu Qazaqstan agrosektorynyng tabysty transformasiyasynyng jarqyn mysaly. Últtyq mayly daqyldar óndeushiler qauymdastyghynyng qoldauymen el әlemdik naryqta jetekshi oryngha shyqty.

Songhy ýsh marketingtik jylda kýnbaghys mayy óndirisi 2,5 ese, al eksporty 5 esege juyq ósti. 2023–2024 jyldary Qazaqstan kýnbaghys mayyn eksporttau boyynsha әlemde segizinshi oryngha, al kýnjara jetkizu boyynsha EO-gha kiretin elder arasynda alghashqy ýshtikke endi.

Sala boljamyna sәikes, aldaghy jyldary Qazaqstan kýnbaghys mayy eksporty boyynsha әlemdegi ýsh iri jetkizushining qataryna kirip, jyldyq valutalyq týsimdi 2 mlrd AQSh dollaryna jetkize alady. Ishki naryq tolyq qamtamasyz etilgen, al aimaqtyq kórshi elderge negizgi jetkizushi retindegi pozisiyasy nyghayyp keledi.

2024 jyly Qytaygha eksport kólemi 275 myng tonnagha (205 mln AQSh dollary) jetip, eki jyl ishinde 3,5 ese ósti. 2023 jyly sanitarlyq hattamagha qol qoyylghannan keyin 30-dan astam qazaqstandyq may óndeu zauyty Qytay naryghyna jol ashty.

Astyqty tereng óndeuge basymdyq

Bәsekelestigi joghary әlemdik auyl sharuashylyghy naryghynda Qazaqstan shiykizat eksportyn ghana emes, tereng óndelgen ónim óndirisin de damytudy kózdeydi.

Soltýstik Qazaqstanda bidaydan gluten jәne biojanarmay, Almaty men Jetisu oblystarynda jýgeriden krahmal jәne onyng tuyndylary óndiriledi. Kelesi kezende Qostanay, Týrkistan jәne Astana qalasynda jobalar iske qosylady. Josparlanghan ónim týrleri: liziyn, gluten, bioetanol, glukozo-fruktozaly sirop jәne krahmal ónimderi.

Memleket qoldaudy kýsheytip, investisiyalyq subsidiya kólemin 25%-dan 50%-gha úlghaytty.

«Qyzyl altynnan» jasyl ósimge: et jәne organikalyq ónim eksporty

3500-den astam qazaqstandyq kәsiporyn halyqaralyq eksporttyq tizimderge endi. Siyr eti men qoy eti Qytay, Tayau Shyghys elderi jәne basqa da naryqtarda súranysqa iye. Sonday-aq qús eti men mal sharuashylyghy ónimderining Qytaygha jetkizilui kenende.

Qazaqstan etining basty artyqshylyghy – tabighy dәmi, sapasy jәne premium segmentke layyq bәsekege qabilettiligi. Elde 180 mln gektar jayylym bar, búl et óndirisining auqymdy ósuine mýmkindik beredi.

Organikalyq ónim – jana naryq

Organikalyq biday, zyghyr, soya, búrshaq, jasymyq jәne dәrilik shópterge súranys joghary. 2023 jyly Qazaqstan EO jәne AQSh-qa 25 918 tonna organikalyq ónim eksporttady. Elde 67 organikalyq óndirushi bar, onyng 60-y halyqaralyq sertifikatqa iye.

FiBL jәne IFOAM derekterine sәikes, organikalyq standartqa say jer kólemi 2023 jyly 200 myng gektargha jetip, bir jylda 75%-gha artty.

Túraqty auyl sharuashylyghyn qalyptastyru

Klimattyng ózgerui – úzaq merzimdi basty syn-qaterlerding biri. Osyghan baylanysty Qazaqstan 2021–2030 jyldargha arnalghan agroónerkәsiptik keshendi damytu tújyrymdamasyn qabyldady. Ol jasyl ekonomika strategiyasymen jәne 2060 jylgha deyin kómirtek beytaraptyghyna qol jetkizu maqsatymen ýilestirilgen.

Elde kómirtekti eginshilik boyynsha pilottyq jobalar jýrgizilude, al alghashqy nәtiyjeler onyng әleuetin kórsetude. Sonymen qatar, su ýnemdeu tehnologiyalary da qarqyndy engizilude – 2024 jyly 150 myng gektar jerge ornatyldy.

Qorytyndy

Qazaqstan agrosektory – ózdiginen qamtamasyz etuden bastap, mayly daqyldar eksportynda kóshbasshylyqqa, klimatqa beyimdelgen tehnologiyalardy engizuge deyingi jýieli ózgerister kezeninde.

Halyqaralyq investorlar ýshin Qazaqstan – auqymy, memlekettik qoldauy, geografiyalyq artyqshylyghy jәne tolyq paydalanylmaghan әleueti bar siyrek mýmkindik.

Aldaghy ýsh jylda 4,8 mlrd AQSh dollarynan astam somada 600-den astam investisiyalyq joba iske asyrylyp, qosylghan qúny joghary ónim ýlesi 70%-gha jetpek.

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