Qazaqstannyng aqsha-nesie sayasaty qazirgi tanda kýrdeli makroekonomikalyq jәne geosayasy jaghdaylar ayasynda jýzege asyryluda.

Últtyq bankting (ÚB) basty strategiyalyq maqsaty — bagha túraqtylyghyn qamtamasyz etu, inflyasiyany maqsatty dengeyge (targetke) jaqyndatu jәne últtyq valuta — tengening baghamyn shekten tys qúbylmalylyqtan qorghau bolyp tabylady.

Bazalyq mólsherleme sayasaty:

Bazalyq mólsherleme — Últtyq bankting ekonomikadaghy aqshanyng qúnyn belgileytin basty qúraly.

Ýstirtin emes, qatang sayasat:

Últtyq bank inflyasiyalyq kýtulerdi tómendetu ýshin bazalyq mólsherlemeni joghary dengeyde ústap otyr. Búl negizsiz aqsha massasynyng ósuine tosqauyl qoyyp, súranys inflyasiyasyn basugha baghyttalghan.

Tútynushylyq jәne biznes-neiyelerge әseri:

Joghary mólsherleme kommersiyalyq bankterding depozitter men nesiyeler boyynsha payyzdaryn anyqtaydy. Bir jaghynan, búl halyqtyng tengelik depozitterin tartymdy etip, jinaqtau belsendiligin arttyrsa, ekinshi jaghynan, naqty sektor men bizneske beriletin nesiyelerding qymbattauyna әkeledi.

Inflyasiyalyq targetteu:

ÚB-nyng úzaq merzimdi maqsaty — inflyasiyany 5% dengeyinde ústau. Alayda, fiskaldyq yntalandyru (budjet shyghystarynyng artuy) men monopoliyalyq tarifterding ósui búl maqsatqa jetudi bayaulatyp otyrghan ishki faktorlargha jatady.

Qazaqstanda 2015 jyldan beri erkin kalqymaly aiyrbas bagham rejiymi qoldanylady. Búl — tengening baghamyn memleket jasandy týrde ústap túrmaydy, ol naryqtaghy súranys pen úsynysqa qaray belgilenedi degen sózdi bildiredi.

Tenge baghamyna әser etetin basty faktorlar:

Qazaqstan eksportynyng negizi shiykizat bolghandyqtan, energoresurstardyng әlemdik baghasy valuta aghynyna tikeley yqpal etedi.

Últtyq bank budjetke transfert bólu ýshin Últtyq qordaghy sheteldik valutany (dollardy) ishki valuta naryghynda satady. Búl tengening kýrt arzandap ketuine jol bermeytin manyzdy faktor.

Zeynetaqy qorynyng qarajatyna sheteldik baghaly qaghazdardy satyp alu ýshin jasalatyn valutalyq operasiyalar da naryqtaghy balansqa әser etedi.

Negizgi sauda seriktesterining (Resey, Qytay, Euroodaq) ekonomikalyq jaghdayy men AQSh Federaldy rezervtik jýiesining (FRJ) dollar mólsherlemesi boyynsha sheshimderi.

Fiskaldyq jәne monetarlyq sayasattyng alshaqtyghy:

Últtyq bank aqsha sayasatyn qatandatyp, inflyasiyany basugha tyrysqanymen, memlekettik budjet shyghystarynyng ósui ekonomikadaghy inflyasiyalyq qysymdy qayta kýsheytedi. Búl eki sayasattyng ýilesimdiligin arttyru qajettiligin kórsetedi.

Dedollarizasiya trendi:

Túrghyndar men biznesting tengelik aktivterge senimi artyp keledi, búl banktik depozitter qúrylymyndaghy dedollarizasiya ýlesining ósuinen bayqalady.

Sóz týiini: Últtyq bankting qazirgi strategiyasy — aghymdaghy ekonomikalyq qúbylmalylyq jaghdayynda últtyq valutanyng túraqtylyghyn saqtau men inflyasiyany tizgindeu arasyndaghy altyn ortalyqty tabuy da óz nәtiyjesin bermek. Mólsherlemening bolashaq dinamikasy ishki inflyasiyalyq prosesterding bayaulauyna jәne әlemdik shiykizat naryghyndaghy koniunkturagha tikeley baylanysty bolady.

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