Ukrainanyng ontýstik-shyghysynda soghys órtin tútatty. Egerde orystardyng sany men separatistik ótkenin eskerer bolsaq, «lap etuge» dayyn túrghan aimaq Qyrymnyng Reseyge qosyluy jәne keyin kenestik kenistiktegi Qazaqstannyng Shyghysy. «Meduzanyn» korrespondenti Iliya Azar jergilikti astana— Usti-Kamenogorskige (avtordyng stiylin saqtau ýshin almastyrmay berip otyrmyz – Á.Á.Á.) saparlap baryp, onda ózindik «halyq respublikasynyn» ómirge kelu-kelmeuin úghynyp qaytty.

«Mynaday bir mysal bar. Qúrbaqany ystyq sugha salghanda, onyng denesi kýiip, jany qinalghan ol sekirip shyghyp, qashyp ketedi.

Al, eger qúrbaqany salqyn sugha salyp, bayau qyzdyrsan, su qaynaghanda qúrbaqa ózdiginen pisip qalady. Birinshi qúrbaqa – ol Ukrainadaghy orystar, al ekinshi mysaldaghysy – Qazaqstandaghy orystar» dep sipattaydy Qazaqstandaghy orystyng jaghdayyn Kendi Altay orys obshinasynyng tóraghasy Oleg Maslennikov. Ol Ukrainada 23 jyl boyy «orystardy jәne Reseydi jek kóruge tәrbiyelep keldi» (onyng sony Donbasstaghy soghysqa alyp keldi). Qazaqstanda da dәl sol prosess jýrude, tek ol «aqyryndap» qana jýrgizilip kele jatqanyna senimdi.

Kendi Altay — Altaydyng ontýstik-batysy, onyng ýlken bóligi astanasy Usti-Kamenogorsk bolyp sanalatyn ShQO enshisine tiyedi. 2013 jyly jergilikti statistikalyq vedomstvonyng jinaghan mәlimet derekteri boyynsha, Qazaqstandaghy orystardyng ýlesi –21% bolsa, elding shyghysynda – 38%, al, Usti-Kamenogorskde – tipten 58% qúraydy.

Qazaqstannyng Reseymen shekaralas oblystaryndaghy orystardyng taghdyry Qyrymnyng taghdyryna, al, últtyq qúramy Donbasstaghy orystyng qúramyna úqsastyghy 2014 jyldyng kýzindegi kóz ýirengen jaghdaygha ainalghanday kórinedi. Qyrkýiekte Kremlige jaqtas jastardyn  forumynda preziydent Vladimir Putin kenet ukrain oqighasynyng Qazaqstanda da oryn aluy mýmkindigin sóz etti. Putinning oiynsha, әzirshe, Qazaqstannyng qorqyp-qaltyrauyna oryn joq. Biraq ta, Astanany Resey basshysynyng osy taqyrypty qozghaghany qatty dýrliktirdi. Onyng ýstine Putin «[Qazaqstan Preziydenti Núrsúltan Nazarbaev zor enbek jasady] – ol eshqashan memleket bolmaghan aumaqta memleket qúrdy» dep qazaqtardyng jandy jerin tyrnap ótti.

 «Putinning sózinen keyin múnda ne bolghanyn bilseniz ghoy! Onyng sózining dúrys emes ekenin dәleldeuge tyrysqandar tom-tom kitap jazdy, «ony abaysyzda shatasyp aitqan bolar» dep ózderinshe boljam jasaghansydy. Olar Jer planetasynyng tarihy sol qazaq memlekettiliginen bastaldy deytin shyghar» dep ironiyamen sipattaydy Óskemenning orys túrghyny, satushy Sergey (ol ózining shyn esimi men kәsibin atamaudy ótindi). Qazaqtar tipti osy jaghdaygha oray «Tarih oqulyghyn Putinge jolda» degen aksiya ótkizuge tyrysypty.

«Biraq barlyghy u-shusyz ayaqtaldy, óitkeni, Nazarbaev dana adam ghoy, isting ayaghy nege baryp tirelerin jaqsy biledi» dep әngimeleydi Orta Aziya jónindegi sarapshy, jurnalist jәne sayasattanushy Arkadiy Dubnov.

EJELGI ORYS JERLERI

Kendi Altaygha kazaktar kelgenge deyin onda eshqanday da qazaqtyng kóshpendi memleketi bolmaghanyna senimdi. Qalalardyng bolmaghany da anyq. 1720 jyly orystyng leyb-gvardiyasynyng mayory Ivan Liharev Óskemende, Ertisting Ýlbige qúyar túsynda bekinis saldyrghan.

Al, kórshiles Semey qalasy odan eki jyl búryn ghana payda bolghan.

HH ghasyrgha deyin shyghys jәne soltýstik Qazaqstanda qazaqtardyng ýles salmaghy basym boldy — Semey oblysynda 1897 jyly  88% jetti. Uaqyt óte kele,  orystar әueli Stolypinning arqasynda, al, odan keyin kenes ókimetining arqasynda  — aimaqtaghy ýles salmaghy   arta týsti. 1920-shy jyldary atalghan jerlerde astanasy Orenburg bolyp tabylghan Qyrghyz AKSR (shyn mәnisinde qazaq) qúrylyp; 1936-shy jyldan bastap, Qazaq KSR bolyp sanaldy.

1989 jylghy býkilodaqtyq sanaq kezinde elimizding shyghysyndaghy (ShQO Semeymen qosa alghandaghy býgingi aumaghynda) orystyng ýles salmaghy 51 %-dan asyp ketipti. «Kenes Odaghy kezinde qazaqty kórsek – negrdi kórgendey bolatynbyz» dep eske alady jergilikti túrghyn, júmysshy Andrey.

— Bizdi, Putinshe sóz saptasaq, kәrtóshkedey әldebireuge arqalata saldy, — dep Qazaqstandaghy tym tanymal «Lad» slavyan qozghalysynyng belsendisi Oleg Navozov múrnyn tyjyrtady.

— Bilmeymin, Leninge kimning Kendi Altaydy qazaqtargha beru taqyrybyn qozghaghanyn dep sóz saptaydy jergilikti orys qauymdastyghynyng tóraghasy Maslennikov (orys úiymyndaghy basqa әriptesterine qaraghanda ol – ózining 50 jasymen olardyng ishindegi eng jasy bolyp sanalady).

Óskemendegi «Russkiy miyr» qorynyng ókili Nikolay Plahotinning aituynsha (búl adam da kәrtamys tartqan), Leninning múndaghy oiy mynada eken: «Qazaqtardyng óz ónerkәsibi men proletariaty joq edi, al kenes biyligining negizi osynda bolatyn. Sondyqtan Kendi Altaydy beruine tura keldi.

Keyin kenes liyderi Nikita Hrushev Ukrain KSR-na «qosa salghan» Qyrymmen úqsastyghy kózge úryp túr. «Avtonomiyalyq respublikadan tolyq qandy KSR-ge ainalu ýshin túrghyndardyng sanyn arttyru kerek dep Plahotinmen sayasatker Dubnov ta kelisedi. — Sol kezde Qyrymdaghy siyaqty búghan eshkim nazar audarmas edi».

Qazaq ýkimeti, jergilikti miyletshiler siyaqty emes, aimaq damuyndaghy orystardyng enbegin joqqa shygharmaydy. Biraq, kez kelgen últtyq memleketterdegi siyaqty, óz aumaghynda qazaq iysining mýnkuin qalaydy. Olar Shyghys Qazaqstanda orystar tóbe kórsetkenge deyin Qazaq handyghynyng túrghyndary túrghan dep esepteydi.

Ukrainanyng ontýstik-shyghysyndaghy «federaldandyru» talaby turasynda «Ukrainadaghy [júrtqa belgili] oqighanyng bastaluynyng sebepterining biri kópúltty túrghyndar qúramyn unitarlyq formamen basqarugha kónil tolmaushylyq bolghan-dy», — dep esimizge salady jergilikti orys qauymdastyghynyng tóraghasy Maslennikov. Qazaqstandaghy naghyz federalizasiyalanu, әlbette,  kýn tәrtibinde túrghan joq. «Qazaqstanda Leninning eskertkishteri de joq. Al Ukrainadaghy Lenin eskertkishteri jaqynda, osy euromaydan kezinde ghana qúlatylghany esterinizde bolar. Óskemenning ortalyq alany oblys әkimdigining aldyndaghy Leninning orynyn qazaq klassiygi, aqyn Abay almastyrghan.

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Kenes tarihynyng sebep-saldary— Qazaqstandaghy orystardyng jalghyz problemasy emes.

Ukraindaghy tónkeriske deyingi songhy tórt jylda elding preziydenti ukrainshasyna qaraghanda, orysshasy taypalaghan jan boldy; doneskilik, luganandyq jәne qyrymdyq basshylar memlekettik tildi tipti merke kezinde de qoldanghan emes. Orystardyng biylikke aralasuy Donbass pen Qyrymgha qaraghanda siyrek, memlekettik apparatta, sot mekemesinde, kýsh qúrylymdarynda da orystyng sany kóp emes (resmy derek boyynsha memqyzmetting 95 payyzy qazaq últynyng ýlesinde).

Biraqta Usti-Kamenogorskining mәslihatynda (qalalyq dumasynda) orystar búrynghysynsha ten-jarymdy qúrap otyr.

— Olardyng bәri sýzgiden ótkizilgender, әsireúltshyl orystar úsynylghan kezde jiberilmeydi,-dep statistikagha qolyn bir sermeydi «Russkiy mirlyq» Plahotiyn.

— Olardyng eshqaysy qazir orys adamynyng pozisiyasy ýshin kenirdek jyrtpaydy, — dep ókpeley til qatady Navozov.

Jergilikti «Region» baspa ýiining diyrektory Evgeniy Cherkashin biylik organdaryndaghy últtyq ýilesimsizdikting sebebin «Sheneuinik qos tildi boluy kerek— zang solay. Qazaqtar týgelge juyq qos tildi de biledi, sondyqtan birden sheneuinikke ainala alady. Jýiening kózqarasy boyynsha búl – oryndy, sondyqtan maghan, orys adamyna, ókpeleuding esh orny joq. Onyng ýstine kóptegen orystar әli óz oryndarynda otyr, olargha qysym kórsetilip jatqanyn estigen emespin, eshkimde gazetke shaghym aityp kele qoyghan joq» dep týsindiredi.

Qazaqstanda júmysqa qabyldau kezinde últtyq negizde kemisitushilik nyshany joq. Qaladaghy kәsiporyndardyng birinde isteytin Boris Zolotarev (mәskeulik firmanyng qyzmetkeri, qojayyndary songhy bir jarym jyl boyy Usti-Kamenogorskige jii jiberip otyrady) mәselening bәri «aziattyq erekshelikte» dep sanaydy.  «Eger qazaq bir jaqsy jerge júmysqa ornalasatyn bolsa, birden týk istemeytin, qoldarynan eshtene kelmeytin tuys-tughanyn janyna aldyra bastaydy.

Jalaqy alu oghan qalypty nәrse, al, ózining erekshe enbegi ýshin qosymsha ýstemeaqy alugha moyny jar bermeydi» deydi júmysshy Zolotarev. Satushy Sergey ol jaghdaydy bylay suretteydi: «Árbir bastyqtyng 3-4 orynbasary bar, olar – tuysqany, jay ghana jaqsy adam, aqyldymsyghan qazaq jәne bir orys. Barlyghynyng júmysyn sol orys isteydi». 

Usti-Kamenogorskining búrynghy halyq qalaulysy Igori Lubimov «birinshi shaqyrylymynda tek qana orystar bolghanyn («ýkimetting ózi Qazaq eli bolghandyqtan – birde-birde qazaq deputattyng bolmauyna narazy bolghandy»), biraq sol kezding ózinde «Shyghys Qazaqstangha últtyq-mәdeny avtonomiya mәrtebesin beru» turaly zang qabyldau mýmkin bolmaghanyn» eske alady. «Al qazir saylauda demokratiya da joq, tek qana sayasy tehnologiyalar, óziniz týsinesiz» deydi Lubimov reseylik tirlikti de isharalay algha tarta otyryp.

Zamanalyq qazaq qoghamynyng sayasiytehnologiyalyq  «ónimderinin» biri — qalalyq mәslihattyng deputaty Stanislav Karimov. Novosibir tehnikalyq uniyversiytetin bitirgen ol 30 jasta; basqa kópshilik  otandastarynan aiyrmashylyghy ShQO-gha qaytyp oralghandyghy. Karimovti «kәsiby orystar» úghynymyndaghy termin boyynsha «әsireorysshyl» dep aita almaysyn. «Siz qarap kórinizder, memorgandarda qanday jetimsizdikting oryn alyp otyrghandyghyn, bizde shyghysta adamdar jetispeydi. Búl jýienin, adam resurstary boyynsha problemasy, últtyq problema emes. Oblys basshylyghy dengeyinde últtyq basymdyqty qalap otyrghandyghyna óz basym kepildik berem», —dep oy týiedi Karimov.

 Qazaqstangha auyldyq jerde birneshe dýken ústap otyrghan ata-anasyna qaytyp oralyp, 25 jasynda ózining barsha «materialdyq mәselerin sheshken»  Karimov sayasatqa aralasyp, preziydent partiyasy «Núr Otan» qataryna ótedi.

— Partiyada sen siyaqty orystar kóp pe? — dep men odan súraghan shaghymda tabandylyqpen qoyghan saualymnan jaltyrdy.

— Az dep aitugha bolmas, saghan tanylghan kózqarasty búzyp-jaryp shyghu problemasy bar. Bәrine kinәli adam faktory, -  dedi ol aqyry.

Eskertu: Iliya Azardyng búl reportajy orystildi sayttardy sharlap jýr. Qazaqstannyng «mәngilik dosy» bolyp tabylatyn, qauipsizdik is-sharalary men ekonomikalyq qarym-qatynas barysynda qaraylas elding baspasózi qazir ne bolsa sony jazyp, aqparattyq agressiya qysymyn kýsheyte týsude. Azardyng reportajyn audaryp úsynghandaghy maqsatymyz - últaralyq dýrdarazdyqty qozdyru emes, el birligine, memleket tútastyghyna qauip tóndiretin aqparattargha abaylap qarap, biylik oryndary pәrmendi qimyldau kerek degenge sayady. Oqyrman tarapynan qyzghushylyq bolsa, reportajdyng jalghasyn jariya etuge dayynbyz. Reportajdyng orys tilindegi kem-ketigi, jurnalisting kәsiby biligining tómendigi audaramada tolyq saqtalyp berildi.

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