«Aq altynnyn» qadir-qasiyeti men manyzdylyghyn Ontýstik halqy jaqsy týsinedi. Ishseng – tamaq, kiyseng – kiyim, qoldansang – búiym. Eksporttalatyn hәm valutalyq tauar ekeni taghy bar, - dep jazady "Ontýstik Qazaqstan" gazeti.

Úlan-ghayyr Qazaq elining tek Ontýstigindegi sanauly audandarda ghana ósedi. Tipti, Elbasymyz bolashaghynan zor ýmit kýtip otyrghan Euraziyalyq ekonomikalyq odaqqa (EEO) mýshe elderding eshqaysysy maqta ekpeydi. Sondyqtan onyng әrdayym súranysqa ie bolyp, jerde qalmaytynyna kýmәn joq. Osy mәseleni «Ontýstik Qazaqstan» gazeti songhy uaqytta airyqsha nazargha alyp, maqta sharuashylyghyna degen kózqarasty týbegeyli ózgertu turasynda seriyaly maqalalar úiymdastyryp keledi. Maqtaly auylda maqtagha oranyp, on eki jasymnan ýlkenderge qolghabys jasap ósken, elu jyldan beri salanyng ystyghyna kýiip, suyghyna tonyp jýrgen azamat bolghandyqtan, men de óz oiymdy jetkizgendi maqúl kórdim.

Egemendikting alghashqy jyldaryndaghy qiynshylyq bolmasa, maqta salasy 2000-shy jyldardan beri qaray Elbasymyzdyng ýlken qoldauyn sezinip keledi. Maqta-toqyma klasteri dýniyege keldi. «Ontýstik» arnayy ekonomikalyq aimaghy qúrylyp, kólik-logistika ortalyghy ashyldy, fabrika, sehtar salyndy, ghylymiy-zertteu instituty sapqa túrdy. «Maqta salasyn damytu turaly» zang qabyldandy.

Áytse de keyingi jyldary әrtaraptandyru baghdarlamasynyng saldarynan maqta sharuashylyghyna degen kózqaras edәuir tómendep ketkeni belgili. Sonau patshalyq Resey dәuirinen-aq «aq altyn» alqabynyng aumaghy jyldan-jylgha qysqartylyp keledi. Mәselen, kýni býginge deyin Shardara audanynda – 60, Maqtaaral audanynda – 40, jalpy oblys boyynsha 55 payyzgha azayghan. Basty sebep su tapshylyghy degenge sayady. Meninshe, búl – qate týsinik. Kerisinshe, su ysyrapshylyghyna baqylaudy kýsheytkenimiz dúrys. Onyng ýstine Jer-anany tirshilik nәrinen taryqtyru jerasty suy jaqyn audandar topyraghynyng sorlanuyna әkep soqtyratynyn da esten shygharmaghan jón.

Egis alqabyn jaramsyz kýige týsiretin (әsirese, jerasty suy jaqyn jerdi), ashyghyn aitsam, qauyn-qarbyz der edim. Mәselen, aryq salynghan kezde olardyng arasynda qauyn-qarbyz emin-erkin ósip, ónim berui ýshin mindetti týrde 5-6 metr aumaq qaldyrylady, yaghny su tek arnamen jýredi de, әr aryqtyng ortasyndaghy әlgi ashyq jer qúrghap jatady. Basqasha aitsaq, shayylu ýderisi jýzege aspaghan son, sor topyraqtyng betine kóterilip, 4-5 jylda ol jer jaramsyz kýige týsedi. Búl – bir. Ekinshiden, keybir diqandar qysta nemese erte kóktemde sor shaymay-aq, 1-2 qabat plenkamen qauyn-qarbyz egedi. Al, topyraqty plenkanyng qaldyqtarynan tazartu onay sharua emes. Ýshinshiden, jerdi aramshóp basyp ketedi, onyng túqymy 5-6 jylsyz qúrymaydy. Negizi, baqsha daqyldaryn ózbek aghayyndar ashyq, adyr jerge bir-aq jyl egedi. Biz she? Mol ónim alu ýshin tynaytqyshty shamadan tys beremiz. Onyng ýstine jerasty suy jaqyn alqapqa ekkendikten, qauyn-qarbyzymyz alysqa tasymaldaugha shydamaydy. Nәtiyjesinde ala jazdayghy beynet zaya ketedi. Jer azyp-tozady. Keyingi kezderi ziyankesterding kóbeyip ketkeni de alandatady. Jo-joq, múnym qauyn-qarbyz egilmesin degen sóz emes. Tek bireuding jerin jalgha alyp, 50-100 gektarlap egin egetinder oilansa deymin. Sebebi, olardyn, ókinishke qaray, jerge jany ashymaydy. Eger óziniki bolsa, jerdi paydalanuda nemqúraydylyqqa barmas edi. Qara jer bizding altyn qorymyz ekenin, Allanyng pendesine taratqan sheksiz syiy ekenin tereng týsinuimiz qajet. Búl rette Ýkimetting jerasty suynyng dengeyin qalypty jaghdaygha týsiretin is-sharalardy (drenajdardy iske qosu, qashyrtqylardy tazalau) qolgha alyp jatqany – kónilge medeu.

Mening oiymsha, maqta eguge qolayly egis plantasiyasyn tiyimdi paydalanuymyz ýshin bos jatqan jerdi óz kýshimen iygergen sharualardyng shyghynyn memleket ótep berse, suarmaly jer kólemi úlghayar edi. Jalpy, maqta sharuashylyghyn órkendetuding erekshe tústary kóp. Birinshiden, bilikti diqandardyng talshyqtan bólek qozapayany tynaytqysh retinde paydalanatynyn kórip jýrmiz. «KIYR-1,5» qondyrghysymen ony maydalap, jerge shashyp tastaydy. Kelesi jylgha tynaytqysh retinde. Maqtanyng qauashaghy, japyraghy, tamyry, payasy – jerge qorek, azyq. Yaghny paydaly qarashirindi. Aytalyq, 1 gektar maqta alqabynan 10-15 tonna qarashirindi alugha bolady. Ol jerdi әri tynaytady, әri júmsartady. Ábden ysylghan sharualardyng biri qarashirindini qozapayany tereng shúnqyrgha salyp, ýstine su qúiyp, júqalap kómu arqyly dayyndasa, endi biri qozapayany alqapta qaldyryp, otyn retinde qoldanugha jol bermeydi. Óitkeni, qozapayamen qorektengen jerge egilgen daqyl anaghúrlym bitik shyghyp, týsimdi molaytugha әser etetini is jýzinde dәleldengen. Ekinshiden, «aq altynnyn» topyraq soryn ketirip, alqapty aramshópten aryltugha da zor yqpaly bar. Sebebi, maqta egistigi kýzde nemese erte kóktemde jaqsylap bir suarylady (sory shayylady), túqym sebilgennen keyin jalpy jýiekpen eki ret su ishedi, búl barlyq jerding soryn shayyp, kóterilgen túzdardan tazartyp, qalpyna keltiredi. Qayta-qayta shabumen, qopsytumen 2-3 jyldyng ishinde aramshóp birjolata joyylady. Ýshinshiden, maqta alqaby birneshe ret óndelip, tegisteletindikten, jer tozbaydy. Tek auyspaly egis qaghidasyn qatang saqtasanyz bolghany. Búl rette suarmaly jerdi barynsha kóbeytip, sonyng 60-65 payyzyn – «aq altynnyn», qalghanyn jonyshqa, jýgeri, arpa, biday, t.b. daqyldardyng enshisine qaldyrsanyz, topyraqtyng qúnarlylyghy joghalmaydy.

Al, salanyng kósegesin kógertuge kelsek, maqta óndeytin shaghyn zauyttardy ashugha jәrdem berip, bәsekelestikti meylinshe arttyru qajet. Sheteldik investorlardyng aldyn kes-kestemey, qauymdasqan qojalyqtardan óndelgen ónimdi tikeley satyp alatyn jaghday tughyzghan jón. Sonda odan týsetin qyruar qarjy sharuanyng qaltasynda qalar edi. Alghashqy óndeuden ótken, standartqa say dayyn ónimdi memleket satyp alsa, eshqashan ziyan shekpeydi. Óitkeni, maqtany qabyldap, ony óndep jatpaydy. Dap-dayyn ónim. Barlyq júmysty diqandardyng ózderi atqarady. Ári jekemenshik zauyttardyng egistikten endi jetkizilgen maqtanyng ylghaldylyghy men lastyghyn algha tartyp sharualardyng aqysyn jeui, tarazynyng dúrys kórsetpeytindigi, qabyldau baghasynyng tómendigi, shitting eseptelinbeui, alghashqy kedendik salyq pen temirjol tariyfining qymbattyghy siyaqty myng san problemalar ózinen-ózi sheshimin tabary anyq.

Maqtaly ónirding enbekqor halqy búl daqyldyng beynetinen qashyp otyrghan joq, kerisinshe, jyl on eki aidaghy tynymsyz enbegining paydasyn kóre almay keledi. Shaghyn zauyt salayyn dese, kepildikke qoyatyn mýlki tapshy. Sondyqtan Ýkimet ontayly jolyn qarastyryp, jәrdemdesse, shaghyn jәne orta biznes damyp, arnasyn tabaryna senimim kәmil. Nemese maqta qabyldaytyn jekemenshik kәsiporyndargha qarasu kerek. Sebebi, maqtany shitten ajyratatyn alghashqy óndeu ýderisi olargha qymbatqa týsedi. Mysaly, 2007 jyly 27 myng tenge bolsa, qazir 68 myng tenge. Mamandar múny elektr quaty tariyfining ósuimen baylanystyrady. Búl – bir. Ekinshiden, jekemenshik zauyttardan talshyqty satyp alghan treyderler onyng әr tonnasynan 160 dollardy shegerip tastaydy, ol – Latviya portyna jetkizudegi kedendik salyq pen temirjol tasymalyna ketetin shyghyn. Búl kórsetkish 2007 jyly 19200 tengeni tónirektese, qazir 43000 tengeden asady. Mine, osy tústyng ózinen 25000 tenge, al, alghashqy óndeu baghasyn kelisip retke keltirse, odan 10-15 myng tenge ýnemdeuge bolady. Yaghny shitti eseptemegende, diqandardyng tabysyna – maqtanyng baghasyna 35-40 myng tenge qosylar edi. Búl jerde EEO-nyng әleuetin paydalanuymyz kerek. Áli esimde, 2003 jyly jekemenshik maqta zauyttary ózara bәsekelesip, maqtanyng qabyldau baghasyn tonnasyna 92 myng tengege deyin kótergen-di. Sol uaqytta kelesi jylgha dayyndyq barysynda iygerilmey qalghany bylay túrsyn, jayylymdyq jerge talas bolghan.

Shynyn aitu kerek, tehnikalyq resurstar (JJM, tynaytqysh, túqymdyq shiyt) men maqta terimi baghasynyng sharyqtauy sebepti onyng qazirgi qabyldau baghasy (105 tenge) sharualargha aitarlyqtay tiyimdi bolyp túrghan joq. Sebebi, AQSh dollarynyng qazirgi baghamymen eseptesek, byltyrghy jetpis tengeniz biylghy 119 tengege sәikes keledi. Sonda ýstimizdegi jyly «aq altyn» baghasy 120-130 tengeni qúrauy kerek edi. Qazirgi tanda baghanyng mardymsyzdyghynan diqandar Ýkimetten beriletin jenildikterge kóbirek alandaydy. Ol týsinikti de: mol ónim alu ýshin qomaqty qarajat júmsau kerek. Bau-baqshagha bólinetin sekildi. Mәselen, 30 sentnerden asa ónim alamyz desek, sonyng 5-10 sentnerining qarjysy shamasynda subsidiya (gektaryna 50-100 myng tenge) berilui tiyis.

Jalpy, memleket myna mәselelerge basymyraq nazar audaryp, jýzege asyrsa deymin. Áueli, sharualardyng qúqyghyn qorghaytyn mekeme ashu shart. Óitkeni, bizde maqta ótkizudegi, elektr energiyasymen qamtamasyz etudegi, aghyn su jetkizudegi kelisimsharttar birjaqty jasalynyp, barlyghy sol mekemelerding paydasy men mýddesine negizdeledi. Ol birlestik әri maqtany satyp alatyn sheteldik kompaniyalardy izdestirip, maqta turaly zannyng oryndaluyn baqylap otyrsa, diqandardyng qúlshynysyn arttyrary sózsiz. Ekinshiden, maqta shyghynyna ketetin qarjynyng 30 payyzyn subsidiyalau kerek (tehnikasy barlargha – 150 myng tenge, tehnikasy joqtargha – 200 myng tenge, bir gektaryna). Ýshinshiden, jekemenshik zauyttardyng maqtany bastapqy óndeuge belgilegen tariyfin 35-40 myng tengege deyin tómendetu qajet. Múny ne subsidiyalau, ne naqty shyghyndardy esepteu tәsilimen jýzege asyrugha bolady. Ýshinshiden, kedendik salyq pen temirjol tasymaly tariyfin de azaytu kerek. Tórtinshiden, shitten týsetin tabys eskerilgeni dúrys. Besinshiden, nauqan bastalar aldynda oblys әkimdigining janynan «Maqta nauqanyn jauapkershilikpen ótkizu jónindegi komissiya» qúryluy qajet, ol jekemenshik zauyttardyn, maqta qabyldau punktterining tarazylaryn, saraptau zerthanalaryn, dayyndyghyn tekserip, qadaghalaydy. Altynshydan, «Maqta salasyn damytu turaly» zangha atalmysh mәseleler men qalyng búqaranyng úsynystaryn eskere otyryp, ózgerister engizu kerek. Jetinshiden, memleketten beriletin jenildetilgen nesiyening erterek – jana jyldyng tónireginde berilu kerektigin qamtamasyz etip, týrli qújattardyng tizimin azaytyp, qoljetimdiligin arttyrghan abzal. Býginde kepildikke qoyylatyn mýlikter tym tómen baghalanady jәne jyl sayyn qayta-qayta qújat toltyru kerek, ol – maqtashygha basy artyq shyghyn. Búl túrghyda nesiyening 6 aigha nemese bir-aq jylgha beriletini de tiyimsiz. Segizinshiden, Ýkimet shaghyn zauytpen, MTS-pen qamtamasyz etse, terim de, alghyshqy óndeu de arzangha týser edi. Toghyzynshydan, túqymdyq shitting sapasyn qadaghalaghan jón, óitkeni әrtýrli sort ózara aralasyp ketken. Songhysy, JJM-gha bólinetin subsidiyany diqandardyng esepshotyna qarjylay audaru qajet, sonda ony qalaghan uaqytynda, qalaghan may qúy beketinen alar edi.

Sózimning toqeteri, әlemdik birjada «qara altynnyn» qúny әldeqayda qúldyrasa da, «aq altynnyn» baghasy artpasa kemigen joq. «Jibekti týte almaghan jýn etedi» demekshi, orayyn taba almay jatqan – ózimiz.

Túrghanbek QANAEV, diqan, «Qúrmet» ordenining iyegeri, Alatau batyr auyly, Shardara audany.

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