Adam sanasyn damytatyn qúraldyng biri –  óner

Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Preziydenti N.Á. Nazarbaevtyn  Qazaqstan qoghamyn ruhany janghyrtuy turaly mәsele qoyghany býgingi kýni barsha halyqqa mәlim. Osy baghytta Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblys әkimining núsqauymen «Ruhany janghyru» jobasyna «Dostyq ýii – qoghamdyq kelisim ortalyghy» mekemesi de qatysyp, Shyghys Qazaqstan halqynyng qazaq folikloryn  zertteu baghytyna ie bolghan edi.

Oblystyq ishki sayasat bólimining arnayy jasaghan kestesi boyynsha «Shyghys Qazaqstan halqynyng mәdeny múrasy» atty zertteu ekspedisiyasy: Ýrjar, Ayagóz, Zaysan, Kýrshim, Tarbaghatay, Kókpekti audandaryn aralap, halyq arasynan qazaqtyng auyz әdebiytetining osy uaqytqa deyin el estimegen, úmytylghan, әnderi men jyrlarynyn, maqal-mәtelderinin, anyz-әngimelerining núsqalaryn  jinaqtaghan edi. Onyng negizgi maqsatyna – mektep múghalimderine qosymsha әdistemelik kómek beru; Shyghys Qazaqstan halqynyng óneri men mәdeniyetinin  tarihy terende jatqanyn, jinalghan tuyndylar arqyly barsha halyqtyn, jas úrpaqtyng sanasyna jetkizu; halyqtyng eline, jerine degen sýiispenshilik qúndylyqtaryn arttyru jospary bolghan. Dәl marketing jýiesi siyaqty, ailar boyy, aldyn ala baratyn audannyng tarihyn biletin adamdardy izdep, tanysyp, habarlasyp, marshrutymyzgha sәikes kelmese de, basqa jaqqa kóship ketken jerine izdep baryp, auyzdan-auyzgha taralghan anyzdardy da jinaghan jayymyz bar. Al, ekspedisiya әr audangha kelgen son, jergilikti jerding әkimshiligimen  birge, mektep, muzey, kitaphana mekemelerinen, osy jayly biledi degen jeke adamdarmen kezdesip, óz jerining tarihyn zerttep, audanynan shyqqan batyrlaryn, shejireshi aqyndaryn, baqsy-balgerleri men óner adamdarynyng ómiri men shygharmashylyghyn jinap jýrgen  jergilikti jazushylar bar ekenine kóz jetkizdik. Jergilikti jerdin, audandyq gazetterining redaktorlarynan, «Ayagóz әlemi» jәne «Kókpekti» jurnaldarynan, Zaysan audanynyng muzeyinen qúndy degen materialdar alghanymyz quantty. Audan әkimshilikterining jergilikti halyqtyng arasyndaghy belsendi mýshelerimen júmys jasaytynyn, olardyng da  óz jerining tarihyna, elining órkendeuine, әleumetining taghdyryna jauapkershilikpen qaraytynynyn kótergen mәselerinen úghugha boldy.

Tirshilikte bolyp jatqan tarihy kezender men adamnyng ruhany shygharmashylyghy  adamnyng jan-tәnine de әser etip, qoghamnyng órkeniyetine óz ýlesin qosatyny haq. Shyghys Qazaqstan halqynyng muzykalyq ónerine jatatyn sybyzghy aspabynyng Otany osy Altay óniri ekenin ghalymdar dәleldegen. Onyng týp-tamyry alys ghasyrlardan bastalyp, Qazaqstannyng basqa oblystaryna qaraghanda Shyghys ónirinde HH ghasyrdyng 70 jyldaryna deyin saqtalghan. Osy ónirde keng taraghandyghynan, Altay sybyzghyshylyq dәstýri, Altay Tarbaghatay tauyn boylap, Qytay, Mongholiya aimaqtaryn qamtyghan. Altaydan Bayan-Ólgeyge deyin taraghan sybyzghyshylyq óner, ýlken ýsh memleketting ortaq mәdeny múrasy bolyp otyr. Ókinishke oray, oblysymyzda sybyzghyshy ónerin jalghastyrushy jalghyz ghana sybyzghyshy Serik Baqtybaevty ataghan jón. Demek, sybyzghy ónerin oblysymyzda janghyrtsa núr ýstine núr jauar edi.

Búghangha deyin de  halyq arasynan әn-kýy múramyzdy jinaqtaushylar bolghany mәlim. Eng alghash qazaq halqynyng әn men kýy múrasyn jinaqtaghan kompozitor-etnograf Aleksandr Viktorovich Zataevich, 1927 jyly «Qazaq halqynyng 1000 әni», jәne 1933 jyly «500 qazaq әni men kýii» degen muzykalyq shygharmalardy halyqqa úsynghan. A.V. Zataevichting orasan zor enbegi - qazaq muzyka folikloryn kóne zamannan 1930 jylgha deyin jinap, tek әuenin notagha týsirip, ony taldap, bir jýiege keltirgen. Ókinishke oray, әnderding mәtini joq, notasymen birge onyng sózi jazylmaghan. Jalpy, kez kelgen anyz-jyrlardyng birneshe núsqalary kezdesetinin, osyghan deyingi jariyalanghan әnderdin, jyrlardyng da birneshe núsqalaryn ekspedisiya barysynda kezdestirdik. «Qozy Kórpesh - Bayan súlu», «Enlik Kebek», «Qyz Jibek», «Er Jәnibek» jyrlarynyng birneshe núsqasyn  kórdik.  Saraptay kele, elimizding bilim qorynda joq «Qargha batyr», «Búqa batyr», «Qypshaq súlu», «Shakim – Shәkirt» t.b. jyrlary, «Batyr qyz Jәndeli tarihy», «Ertis qyzy», t.b. anyz - әngimeleri, orta jәne jogharghy oqu oryndarynyng oqulyqtaryn bayytpasa, ziyan keltirmeydi dep oilaymyn.

Ata babalarymyzdyng sanasy joghary dengeyde bolghandyghyn: últyn, elin, jerin sýigendigi bolsa kerek, halqynyng ónerin úrpaghyna jetkizu ýshin, ghasyrlar boyy jalghastyrghandyghy dәleldeydi. Uaqyt ótken sayyn, oryndaushylar әn-jyrdyng úmytylghan jerine ózining janynan shygharyp qosyp, týrlendirip, úmyttyrmay jalghastyryp otyrghandyghynan birneshe núsqa payda bolghandyghy aighaq. Ony, babalarymyzdyng talghamsyzdyghynan emes, olardyng kóregendiginen, suyryp salma aqyn, sazgerliginen, talanttylyghynan dep týsinu kerek. Desek te, arhiv jinau bir bólek te, ony halyqtyng ruhany damuyna jaratu – osy jobanyng  eng negizgi maqsaty ekenin nazarda ústaghan jón bolar edi.

Ánderding mәtini beybit zamandy, tabighatty, tirshilikting kónildi sәtterin, mahabbat pen tughan jerding súlulyghyn  jyrlasa, adam ghúmyrynyng qysqa ekenin este ústap, ómirdi mәndi sýru kerektigine tәrbiyelik kenes beredi. Al, búl әnderding qazirgi halyq әnderinen tynysy, әuendik iyirimderi, diapozonynyng kendigi, әuezdik ereksheligi taygha tanba basqanday erekshelenedi. Jinalghan halyq әnderining ishinen, 20 әnning mәtinin arab grafikasynan kirilisagha audartyp, oblys әnshileri 15 әndi ghana (A.V. Zataevichting jinaghyna enbegen), halyqqa jetkizdik. Aghayyndy Abdullinder atyndaghy muzyka kolledjining muzyka mamandary Z.T. Esenbaeva men K. H. Kunafinanyng taldauy boyynsha, atalghan әnderding diapazon auqymy ken, olardy tek kәsiby dengeyi joghary әnshiler shygharyp orynday alady deydi. Jalpy, qazaq halqynyng kóne zamannan bergi tarihy men ónerin tolyq qamtu mýmkin emes, jerden ken tappqanday әser qaldyrady. Ayta ketsem, Altay ónirining auyz әdebiyeti, әn jyrynyng jelisi Tursiya, Qytay, Mongholiya, Resey jerinde de kórinis berip jýrgeni qúpiya emes. Ony sol halyqtardyng shygharmashylyghynan bayqau qiyn emes. Osyghan oray, Altaydyng halyq әnderining әuez erekshelikteri (últtyq koloriyti) zerttelmegendiginen desem, Shyghystyng halyqtyq әn dәstýri kóne zamanda –aq adamnyng joghary sanasyn damytugha әser etkenin kórsetedi. Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysynyng ózindik erekshe «әn dәstýri» bolghanyn, onyng tamyry kóne ghasyrlardan taraytyny anyq.

Alayda, adam, tabighattyng eng jogharghy jaratylysy bolghannan son, onyng eng birinshi maqsaty, adamdar arasynda adami  ómir sýrui. Sol ýshin, ol adam mәndi is-әreketter jasauy, óz eli men jerining mýddesine, halqymen birge ómir sýrip, onyng órkendeuine óz ýlesin qosuy qajet. Búl әreketterge, minez qúlqy qalyptaspaghan adam jete almaydy. Oghan jetu ýshin, izdenimpazdyq pen qosa, erik-jiger, kýsh-quat, talantqa qosymsha, ony jeteleytin qosa qayratyng boluy kerek. Ózi baqytty bolu ýshin, basqalardyng da ómirine jaqsylyq jasau, qastandyq jasamau, demek, әrkim adamgershilik qasiyetin damytu qajet. Ár adamnyng sanasynyng damu dengeyi arqyly jeke әleumettik jәne qoghamdyq sana qalyptasady. Osyghan baylanysty, әr adamnyng әleumettik sanasyn damytu qajettigi tuyndaydy. Óitkeni - búl әlemdik mәsele. Sebebi: әlemning әleumeti - qoghamdardyng әleumetinen qúralady, al qoghamnyng әleumeti jeke adamdardyng әleumettik  sanasynan jinalady. Al, әleumettik sanany qalyptastyrudyng ýshin, eng aldymen adamdardyng ruhany talghamyn damytu qajet. Ruhany talgham әr adamnyng aqyl-oyy, iskerlik qabyleti,  jeke basynyng ar-úyatynyng ýilesimi arqyly keledi. Búl qasiyetterge jetu ýshin: ózining bolmysyng zertteu jәne retteu, ghalamdy týsinip bilu, ruhany zandardy úghynu, memleketting zandaryn oryndau kerek.  Otbasy men újymdy, elin, jerin qadirleu, ara-qatynas mәdeniyetin iygeru, bilim men ghylymgha úmtylys jasau, basqa halyqtardyng mәdeniyetin qúrmetteu, olardyng mәdeniyetin bilu arqyly adamnyng minez-qúlqy, joghary sanasy qalyptasady. Qoghamdy ýlken újym, Otandy úyamyz dep týsinsek, osy újymnyn, onyng әr mýshesining oi-sanasynan, talpynysy men izdenimpazdyghynan, kónil kýii men talanttylyghynan elding birligi túraqtalady. Birlik bar jerde beybitshilik bar, birlik bar jerde órkeniyettik damu bar. Adamnyng búl qúndylyqtary jyldar boyy ret retimen ýilesedi, saty-satysymen damidy, mәdeniyettendiru arqyly әr dengeyge kóterilip, mәngi el azamaty qalyptasady. Ótken uaqyt men býgingi uaqytty salystyra kele, qazirgi Shyghys Qazaqstan halqyna da osy әleumettik sanany qalyptastyru ýshin, osy joba ayasynda halyqpen tereng jәne jýieli júmys jasau qajettigi anyq kórindi. Sol ýshin, әr adam ózining janyn ruhani  janghyrtqany jón bolar edi, «Ruhany janghyru» mәselesine jete qaraghany, tereng týsinui jaqsy is bolar edi.                                                                                      

Qazaq halqynyng terende jatqan bay múrasyn halyqtyng damuyna paydalanu, jas úrpaqtyng bilim qoryn bayytu, keleshek úrpaqqa jetkizu ata-babamyzdyn: Artymyzda, isimizdi jalghastyratyn úrpaq qalsyn dep tilegen tileui, bergen batasynyng quaty bolsa kerek!

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