Menen kapitaldy saqtau jәne ony kóbeytu mәseleleri jóninde jii súraydy. Adamdardyng kóbi qanday da bir joldarmen aqsha taba alady. Biraq Qazaqstanda tapqan aqshany saqtau jәne kóbeytu mәselesi óte ózekti bolyp otyr. Búl, rasynda da, ýlken mәsele. Búl mәselening sheshilui últymyzdyng әl-auqaty men zeynetimizdi qamtamasyz etiluine tikeley әser etedi. Bizdegi zeynataqy jýiesining qalay júmys isteytinin jәne bolashaq zeynetkerler aqshasynyng qalay basqarylatynyn qarastyratyn bolsaq, olar ómirlerining sonynda ózderi jinaghan aqshanyng bәrin ala almaytyny anyq bolady. Zeynataqy jinaqtarynyng kóbengi turaly aitpay-aq qoyayyq.

AQSh Últtyq qarjylyq bilim beru qory (NEFE) balabaqsha tәrbiyeshilerinen bastap 12-synyp múghalimderine deyingi oqytushylardyng bәrinen saualama alghan. Solardyng 90%-y studentter qarjylyq bilim beru kurstarynan ótui nemese orta mektepti bitirer kezde osy pәn boyynsha emtihan tapsyruy tiyis dep aitqan. Búl jalpy halqynyng 50%-y investor, al qor naryghy әlemdegi eng ýzdik el sanalatyn Amerika túrghyndary turaly aitylyp otyr. Al biz turaly ne aitugha bolady?

Qarjylyq sauattylyq degenimiz – aqsha tabu degen sóz emes. Aqshany júmys istep tabu kerek. Qarjylyq sauattylyq degenimiz – búryn tapqan jәne qazir tauyp jatqan aqshany basqaru degen sóz. Siz «90-shy, 2000 jyldarda mynansha aqsham bar edi... pәlenbay myng tapqan edim...» degen sekildi sózderdi jii estiytin shygharsyz? Al qazir she? Múnday adamdar qazir jalaqygha ómir sýrip, júmys istep jýrip ótken kýnderdi eske alumen ómir sýredi. «Búrynghy millionerler». Onyng ýstine, 90-shy jyldary tәuir aqsha tauyp, onysyn saqtap, kóbeyte alghandardyng payyzy uaqyt óte kele aqshasy bolmay qalghandargha qaraghanda birneshese ese az. Qarttyq jaqyndap qaldy, al bizding BJZQ-nan, ókinishke qaray, ýmit joq.
Mine, sondyqtan da, AQSh-ta qarjylyq sauattylyq mәseleleri qyzu talqylanady. Amerika aqyldy әri bay qogham bolghysy keledi. Tap osy qarjylyq sauattylyq arqyly milliondaghan qarapayym amerikalyqtyng dәuleti artady.
Qarjylyq sauaty bar kez kelgen qazaqstandyq, ózining ómirlik belsendi kezenindegi kirisine sәikes, belgili bir jasqa deyin «jeke baylyghyn» jinay alady jәne, ómir sýru dengeyin tómendetpesten, jinalghan aqshanyng payyzymen ómir sýre alady.
Ertegi siyaqty ma? Olay emes.
Mine, kýrdeli payyz effektisining qalay júmys isteytinining mysaly.

1996 jyly Ozeola Makkarty Bill Klintonnyng qolynan memlekettik syilyq aldy. Sodan shamaly uaqyt búryn, sol jyly, oghan Missisipy shtatynda Olimpiada alauyn alyp jýru qúqyghy berildi. Ozeola Makkarty 1908 jyly AQSh-ta dýniyege kelgen. Altynshy synypta ol kir juatyn jerde aqsha tauyp kýneltu ýshin mektepti tastaugha mәjbýr boldy. Ol bala kezden bastap kýn sayyn tapqan aqshasynyng birneshe dollaryn Missisipiyding Túnghysh últtyq bankine әkeletin.

Bir aida 100 dollargha juyqtady. Osylaysha jyldar ótti.
Birde bank qyzmetkeri egde jastaghy Miss Makkartiyden shotynda qansha aqsha bar ekenin súraydy. Ozeola, shynymen de, bilgen joq. Sóitse, 75 jyl boyy onyng shotyna 500 000 dollardan astam aqsha jinalyp qalypty.

Bankir oghan osynshama aqshamen mýldem júmys istemey-aq qoygha bolatynyn aitqanda, ol júmys isteuge әbden ýirenip qalghanyn, azgha qanaghat etetinin jәne aqshanyng qajet emes ekenin aitty. Aqshanyng jayy ne bolady degen súraq tuyndaydy. Miss Makkarty onnan bir bóligin jergilikti shirkeuge, 30%-yn tuystaryna, al qalghan bóligin jaghdayy tómen otbasylardan shyqqan qaranәsildi talantty balalargha sapaly bilim beru ýshin sondaghy uniyversiytetke berdi.
Osy aqshagha 1995 jyly Ontýstik Missisipy uniyversiyteti Ozeola Makkarty atyndaghy qor ashty. Búl habar býkil Amerikagha tarap, Amerikanyng jer-jerinen kelgen demeushiler kedey otbasynan shyqqan balalardy oqytugha kómektesetin qorgha aqsha audara bastady. Miss Makkarty 75 jyl boyy jalpy somasy 90 000 AQSh dollaryn (jylyna 1200 dollar) investisiyalaghan. Biraq kýrdeli payyz (shamamen, jylyna 4%) ben úzaq merzimdi investisiyanyng arqasynda, kapitaldyng jalpy somasy 500 000 dollardan da asady. Onyng 400 000 dollary – taza tabys.

Mineki, búl – kýrdeli payyzdyng ghajayyby!
Qarjylyq túrghydan sauatty әri passivti portfelidi investisiyalau qaghidalaryn ýirene otyryp, qazaqstandyqtar aghymdaghy kiristerining bir bóligin investisiyalay alady jәne jylyna 10%-gha deyin payda kórui, aqyr-ayaghynda, 15-20 jyldan keyin qarjylyq tәuelsizdikke qol jetkizip, kapitaldan passivti kiris alady da, bay adamgha ainalady.

Sondyqtan da, dostar, alghan bilimderiniz sizderge tek aqsha tabugha mýmkindik beretinin, al aqshany saqtap, ony kóbeytuge tek qarjylyq sauattylyq qana kómektesetinin úmytpanyzdar.

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