«Oblomov» romanyn orys jazushysy Ivan Goncharov 1847-1859 jyldar aralyghynda jazghan. Búl tuyndynyng tolyq núsqasy alghash ret 1859 jyly «Otechestvennye zapiski» jurnalynyng 4 nómirinde jariyalandy. 1937 jyly IY.Goncharovtyng 125 jyldyq mereytoyyna arnalghan maqala «Pravda» gazetinde jaryq kórip, onda «Oblomov» toqyrau men keri ketuge qarsy kýreske shaqyrghan shygharma, dep bagha berildi.

«Oblomov» romanynyng bas keyipkeri – Iliya Iliich Oblomov. Ol – dvoryaniyn. Yaghni, dәuletti otbasynan shyqqan. Ata-anasy ólgende, ýlken jer, iyelik pen 350 sharua múragha qalghan.

Ivan Goncharov atalghan shygharmasyn Iliya Iliichting syrt kelbeti men bólmesin sipattaudan bastaydy. Peterburgte 3 bólmeli pәter jaldap túratyn 32-33 jas shamasyndaghy Oblomov tóseginde jatyr. Biraq búl jatysy – sharshaghan ne auyrghan adamnyng demalu ýshin jatysynan bólek. Jalqau kisining rahattanu ýshin jatqanynday da emes. Jata beru Oblomov ýshin qalypty ómir saltyna ainalyp ketken. Tanerteng úiqysynan oyanghan son, oghan ebedeysiz kәri qyzmetshisi Zahar shashyp-tógip, ydystardy syndyryp, tanghy asyn әkelip beredi. Tóseginde jatyp, tamaqtanghannan keyin, Iliya sol qalpynda úzaq oigha shomady. Ishtey jospar qúrady: Oblomovka degen óz auylyndaghy iyeligin keneytu kerek, janadan ýlken ýi, atqora, jol, kópir, mektep t.b. salu qajet. Sóitip, ol ózgelerge, tipti, kýlli adamzatqa paydasy tiyetin ister tyndyruy tiyis. Keyde ózin úly qolbasshy, ghúlama oishyl ne danqty suretshi retinde elestetip, qiyaldaydy. Óstip, oilanyp jatyp, qajidy. Bolashaqta býkil ghalamgha enbek siniru maqsatynda jospar qúru Oblomovty әbden sharshatady da, qaytadan úiqygha ketedi. Kýnde osylay qaytalanady. Bir qyrynan basqa qyryna auysyp, keruetinde dónbekship jatyp, kýn sayyn tanyn atyryp, keshin batyrady. Alda-jalda tóseginen túra qalsa, oghan shúlyghyn da, ayaq kiyimin de kiygizuge qyzmetshisi jetip keledi. Tek «Zahar!» dep aighay salsa, bolghany.

Al onyng bólmesi qanday kýide deysiz ghoy? Ýiding búrysh-búryshy men men qabyrghagha ilingen suretterding jiyegine órmekshi toryn qúryp tastaghan. Kilem men tósenish kir-kir, edende nannyng qiqymy shashylyp jatyr. Qalyng shang basqan ainagha qarasanyz, týriniz kórinbeydi. Sausaqpen birdene dep jazsanyz, saqtalyp qalar edi. Terezeler de saltaq-saltaq. Ýstelde keshegi keshki astan qalghan ydys-ayaq juylmaghan kýii túr. Tónkerilgen kitapty paraqtap kórseniz, qalyng shang men sarghayghan betterine qarap, iyesi әldeqashan osylay laqtyra salghanyn angharasyz. Qasyndaghy gazet byltyr shyqqan nómiri eken. Al qauyrsyndy siyasauytqa salsanyz, onnan ýrikken shybyn jantalasa yzyndap, úshyp shyghar edi. Siyasy qatyp qalghan ghoy.

Oblomov múnday dengeyge qalay qúldyrady dep oilaysyz? Joq, bir kezderi onyng da boyyna syimaghan jastyq jalyny, asqar taulardan da asqaq armandary bolghan. Mysaly, auyly Oblomovkadan Peterburgke Iliya memlekettik qyzmette isteymin, tabysty bolamyn, jetistikke jetemin dep kelgen edi 20-dan endi asqan shaghynda. Kolledj hatshysy bolyp júmysqa da ornalasty. Biraq ómirge beyimdelmegen jigitke bastyq әkesindey qamqor bolady, ýnemi jaghdayyn súrap óbekteydi, kózi isip kelse, týnde nege dúrys úiyqtay almaghanyn súraydy dep oilady. Qogham ata-anasynday erkeletedi dep kýtti. Bir kýni Astrahangha jiberilui tiyis manyzdy qújattardy shatasyp, Arhangeliskke salyp jibergen Oblomov búl qateligi ýshin qatty úyaldy. Onyng baqytyna oray, basshy júmsaq minezdi kisi edi. Jay ghana eskertu jasap qoya salatyn edi. Degenmen, salghyrttyghy ýshin qysylghan Iliya auyryp jatyrmyn dep syltauratyp, anyqtama jiberip, júmysyna barmay qoyady. Sodan keyin kense tabaldyryghynan mýlde attamay, qyzmetten birjola ketedi. Mine, osy oqighadan song ol mýlde eshtenege úmtylmay, ýiinde jata beretin boldy. Sóitip, 12 jyly qalay ótip ketkenin bilmey de qaldy. Jasy 30-dan assa da, ósken joq, órkendegen joq. Ýilengen de joq. Oblomovkadaghy sharuashylyqqa bas-kóz bolugha taghayyndaghan starosta jiberip túrghan aqshagha pәter jaldap, iship-jep, jata berdi, jata berdi.

Oblomov nege birinshi sәtsizdikten-aq synyp ketetin múnday borkemik әri jatypisher jalqau adam bolyp qalyptasqanyn týsindireyik endi. Iliyagha әkesinen, әkesine atasynan, atasyna babasynan, babasyna arghy babalarynan múragha ýlken iyelik qalghan. Olardyng eshqaysysy búl iyelikti ýlkeytip, damytugha tyrysqan emes. Sirә, «Ákening maly balagha mal bolmaydy» degen ras bolsa kerek. Bәri de týgeldey dumandatyp, dәuletin ondy-soldy shashyp, toy jasap, býkil ghúmyryn sauyq-sayran qúryp ótkizdi. Oblomovtyng ata-anasy balagha dúrys tәrbie beruge de jete mәn bergen joq. Búghan olardyng óresi de jetpes edi. Kishkentay Iliya tanerteng úiqysynan túra sala ayaghyn sozsa boldy, oghan shúlyghyn da, ayaq kiyimin de, ýstingi kiyimderin de qyzmetshi Zahar kiygizetin. Alda-jalda qolyndaghy zatty týsirip alghanda, ózi kótereyin dese, 3-4 qyzmetshi japa-tarmaghay alyp beruge jantalasatyn. Baspaldaqtan týsse nemese terezeni ashsa, «qúlap qalady!», «sýrinip ketedi!», «suyq tiyedi!» dep janúshyra aiqaylaghan dauystar estilip, lezde әldekim jetektey jóneletin. Áke-sheshesining búlay tym artyq óbekteui Iliyany mezi qylyp jiberetin. Birde qysta bildirtpey ýiinen qashyp shyghyp, balalarmen qar atysyp oinay bastaghany sol edi, onyng joqtyghyn bayqap qalghan Zahar, Mitika, Vasika, Vanika t.b. qyzmetshiler sonynan túra jýgirdi. Kele sala, Iliyagha qar laqtyrghan balalargha shapalaq berip, qúlaghyn búrap, «sazayyn tartqyzdy». Sodan song ony bólmesine kóterip әkelip, kórpemen qymtap orap, jatqyzyp qoydy. Negizi, bala ýshin jýgirip, sekirip oinau anaghúrlym paydalyraq edi. Kishkentay kezinde Oblomovtyng sabaq oqyghany da qyzyq bolatyn. Áke-sheshesi onyng bilimdi bolghanyn, ýlken oqu oryndaryn tәmamdaghanyn, bilikti maman atanyp, jetistikke jetkenin armandaghanmen, ózin qinap, tym kóp oqyghanyn qalamaytyn. Áyteuir, para berip, tamyr-tanys arqyly kelisip, oquyn ayaqtatqyzamyz dep oilaytyn. Mine, osylay ósken Iliya Iliich erjetken son, qolynan týk kelmeytin adam boldy.

Onyng jolynda janashyr, jaqsy kisiler kezdeskeni ras. Mysaly, bala kezden birge ósken óte enbekqor, pysyq nemis dosy Andrey Shtolis jәne Oblomov ghashyq bolghan qyz Oliga Sergeevna ony ózgerteuge tyrysyp baqty. Oliga da Iliyadan ketәri emes bolatyn. Bastapqyda ghashyqtyq jigitke jaqsy әser etip, ol sýiiktisine únau ýshin enbekqorlyqqa, ýsti-basyn taza ústaugha, kitap, gazet-jurnal oqyp, tanym kókjiyegin keneytuge kәdimgidey kónil bóle bastady. Ekeui ýilenbek te boldy. Biraq Peterburgte túryp jatqan Oblomovqa iyeligine bekitip ketken starostadan hat kelip, ol sharuashylyqtyng qatty qúldyraghanyn estigen son, jaghday kýrt nasharlaydy. Auyl sharuashylyq ónimderi ótpegendikten, aqsha da kelmey qoyady. Iliya auyly Oblomovkagha ózi baryp, jaghdaydy qalpyna keltireyin dese, sharuashylyqty jýrgizuding retin bilmeydi. Sóitip, toy jasaugha aqshasy bolmaghandyqtan, Oligamen nekege túrudy keyinge sozyp jýre beredi. Múnyng sebebin ashyq aitugha qalyndyghynan úyalyp, әrneni bir syltauratyp, kezdesuden de qashqaqtay bastaydy. Aqyry ol auyryp ne birdenege úshyrap qaldy ma uayymdaghan Oliga ýiine ózi izdep barghanda, Iliyanyng búrynghy ómir saltyna qayta oralghanyn, týk istemey, jata beretinin kórip, kónili qalady. «Sen ólip qalghansyn» deydi ashynghan boyjetken. Sóitip, ekeui airylysyp tynady.

Oblomovkadaghy sharuashylyqty jýrgizuge Iliya basqa starosta taghayyndaghanmen, ol naghyz alayaqtyng ózi bolyp shyghady. Ónimderdi satudan týsken paydanyng besten birin ghana qojayyngha jiberip, Oblomovty әbden tonaydy. Kómekke onyng dosy Shtolis kelip, alayaqtyng qulyghy men qylmysyn әshkere etip, ony quyp shyghady. Sóitip, ózi bas-kóz bolyp jýrip, túralaghan sharuashylyqty qaytadan ayaqqa túrghyzyp beredi.

Sonday-aq, keyin Andrey Shtolis pen Oliga Sergeevnanyng әngimesi jarasyp, ekeui shanyraq kóteredi. Birneshe balanyng ata-anasy atanyp, baqytty ghúmyr keshedi. Oliga bilim, tanym kókjiyegi әri ómirlik tәjiriybesi jaghynan ózinen biyik jangha túrmysqa shyqqany ýshin shattyqqa toly ómir sýredi.

Olar 5 jyl ótkennen keyin Oblomovty ózderi izdep keledi. Jasy 40-qa jaqyndaghan Iliya búryn eki ret túrmysta bolghan jәne birneshe balasy bar ýy qyzmetindegi әielge ýilenipti. Odan bir úly dýniyege kelgen eken. Al ózi iship-jep, jata bergennen, qimyl-qozghalystyng azdyghynan dertke shaldyghypty. Yaghni, jýrek talmasy ústap, bir ajaldan qalghan. Biraq aghzasy әbden tozyp, әlsirepti. Búrynghyday kýsh-quaty joq. Jasy jetpey qartayghan. Kóp úzamay Oblomov taghy jýrek talmasy ústap, qaytys bolady.

Mine, jalqau әri boykýiez adam ghúmyrda mýlde bolmaghanday osylay ótip ketedi. Roman avtory Ivan Goncharov Andrey Shtolistyng bolmysyn sipattau arqyly nemis halqyna, al Iliya Oblomovtyng ómir saltyn suretteu arqyly orys últyna bagha beredi. Jazushy óz halqynyng kemshilikterin, bos jýriske qúmarlyghyn, erinshektigin Oblomov beynesi arqyly shenegen.

Jogharyda «Oblomov» tuyndysy 1859 jyly jariyalanghanyn jazghan edik. Ol kezde Resey imperiyasy eltanbasyndaghy samúryqtay tóniregin týgeldey jalmap, kishkentay halyqtardy jútyp kele jatqan edi. Soghan qaramastan, Goncharov óz últyn jalqau dep synaydy. Sonda salystyrmaly týrde qarasaq, bizding qazaq qanday bolghany? Qazaq ol uaqytta, tipti, qalyng úiqyda edi ghoy. Al qazir she? Biz tolyqtay oyandyq pa? Ómirge ne ýshin kelgenin bilmeytin jatypisher masyldar az ba qazirgi qazaq qoghamynda?.. Bizdegi Oblomovtardy qaytemiz?.. Osy mәsele oilandyrady...

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