Qayran Aya, Ayagóz!..

Osydan bir jyl búryn «Egemen Qazaqstan» gazetine jariyalanghan búl maqalamyzgha ne ekologiya ministrligi, ne bir deputat, ne bir әkim «mәu» demedi ghoy. Múny sol basshylardyng oqyghanyna da kýmәnim bar. Óitkeni, qaltasyn qalay toltyrudy ghana oilaytyn Ayagóz audanynyng әkimi juyrda paramen ústalyp ketti. Deputattar bolsa, aldaghy saylaudyng qamymen shapqylap, úsaq-týiek tirlikpen (bir ýige kómir týsirip, bir ýige paketpen qant-kәmpit taratyp), júrtty aldausyratumen ghana jýr. Shyryldaghan halyq әli sol qalpy, mún-zaryn kimge aitaryn bilmey dal. Ayagóz arnasynyng suy bolsa, kýn ótken sayyn sarqylyp barady.

Al, oghan basty kinәli – «Qazaqmys» korporasiyasy!

Aytylghan mәsele uaqyt ótken sayyn qatty ushyghyp bara jatqandyqtan, sol materialdy Abai.kz portalyna qayta úsynyp otyrmyn.

Avtor

Qazaqstan Respublikasy Ekologiya, geologiya jәne
tabighy resurstar ministrligining nazaryna!

Ayagóz qayda, su qayda?..

Ayagóz ózeni – arysy 1500 jyldyq tarihy bar «Qozy Kórpesh - Bayan súlu» jyrynda, berisi HIH ghasyrdaghy ghúlama ghalym, etnograf, zertteushi Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng ghylymy enbekterinde suretteletin, odan bólek, uaqyt tolqynyndaghy qanshama ýlkendi-kishili aqyndardyng ólenderine arqau bolghan arnaly ózen.

«Ystyqkól saparynyng kýndeligi» atty joljazbasynda Shoqan Uәlihanov 1856 jyly 20 sәuirde: «...Ayagóz ózenining boyynan biz anaghúrlym jandanghan tabighatty kórdik. Dala tútasymen jasyl jelekting ashyq týsti kilemine oranypty. Qaraghan, tobylghy, tal-terek japyraqtaryn jayyp, kýnning kózi de birshama jylynyp, ontýstikke tәn alaumen qyzdyryp túr. ...Qyrghyz (qazaq – avt.) anyzdarynda Ayagózding jayly aghysy madaqtalatyny beker bolmasa kerek. Ózin qorshaghan iyen de, susyz shól dalagha qaraghanda, Ayagóz rasymen-aq júmaq bolyp kórinedi...», - degen joldar qaldyrypty.

Al endi, Ay men Kýnning amanynda, sol keshegi «balyghy tayday tulaghan», aidyny shalqar, aibyny biyik Ayagózding dәl býgingidey ayanyshty, ózegindi órteytin kórinisin kóremin dep kim oilaghan? Jaghasyndaghy jayqalghan tal-terekteri qurap, tabany qansyp, búrqyraghan shan-topyraq úshqan esil arnany kóruding ózi jan auyrtady.

Osy ólkede tuyp-ósken Aqtamberdi jyraudyng «Ayagóz ózenining boyy – ejelden qút meken, tobylghyly tóskeyi – tolghan yrys, betegeli betkeyi – bereke, jarlauyna japqan japyraqty jamylsang tonbaysyn. Jazghy tútasqan býldirgen – súghynsang toymaysyn», - dep, tandayynan tógilgen sózine býgingi úrpaq sener me deysin?

Yapyr-au, úshqan qús pen jýgirgen angha, shúrqyraghan malgha pana bolghan, jaghalay qonghan qalyng elge nәr bergen shúrayly ózendi mәngilikke joghaltyp alar qauip tóngenin qalay bayqamaghanbyz? Olay etsek, osy ózendi (tau-tasty, shalqar dalany) әlekedey jalandaghan shýrshit-qalmaqtardan qorghap, óz úrpaghyna amanattap ketken Qarakerey Qabanbay, Shynqoja, Espembet, Baymúrat batyrlardyng ruhy keshire me? Áy, bilmeymin!..

Biletinim, Úly Dalanyng qasterli ólkesining tútas bir qoltyghy – Ayagóz ózeni kim kóringenning tulaqtay týtip, teridey júlmalaytyn jekemenshigi emes, qazaqtyng iygiligindegi bay ólkening ózegi edi. Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysyndaghy Tarbaghatay jotasynyng soltýstik silemderinen bastau alatyn eng ýlken, úzyndyghy 450 shaqyrymgha sozylghan arnaly su bolatyn. Ayaghy Balqash kóline qúyatyn dariyanyng úzyndy-qysqaly 312 salasy, onyng ishinde: Naryn, Balyqty, Batpaqty, Ayghyz, Qurayly, Tansyq, Jinishke, Qarasu ózenderi, erke qyzdyng búrymynday jýz tarau búlaqtary bar. Suy túshy, túnyq, ishuge, jayylymdy sulandyrugha, óndiristik-tehnikalyq maqsattargha paydalanylady.

Shoqannyng joljazbasyndaghy «Jýzaghash beketinde shay ishtim... Ayagózding jaghalauyn boylaghan jolmen ózenning arnasynan shyghuy sebepti jýru mýmkin bolmady. Biz ainalyp jýrdik...» degeni yp-yras. Jazda aghysy bayau bolghanymen, erte kóktemde yryq bermeytin asau minezi bar. Keybir jyldary tipti, kýrkirep jaghany soghyp, elding ýreyin úshyryp ta alady. Alghashqy saparynda sayahatshy-ghalym Jýzaghashtan sәl joghary Tansyq jerindegi әigili ghashyqtar mekeni «Qozy Kórpesh – Bayan Súlu» kesenesine bara almay ketken.

Jayau-jalpy adamgha ótkel bermes Ayagóz ózenining ýstine kópir bertinde, 2014 jyly ghana salyndy. Arnaly sudyng qanday mol bolghanyn sodan-aq angharugha bolady. 2016 jyldyng mausymynda Jýzaghash beketinen otyz shaqyrymday tómende ornalasqan Qopa auylynyng túsynda, tereng iyirimderinen nemeremmen birge balyq aulaghanymyz esimde. (Sol suret pen býgingi kórinisti qosa úsynyp otyrmyn).

Men ýshin asa qasterli búl auylda týp naghashylarymyz (әjem Qaziynening tórkinderi) túrady. Jii bolmasa da, jylyna bir ret baryp, aghayyndargha sәlem beru paryzymyz. Biyl da sol dәstýrdi búzbay, saryala kýzding basynda Qopagha taghy baryp qayttym. Sizge ótirik, maghan shyn, bayaghy búlyqsyp aghatyn Ayagóz ózenin kórmedim! Ony aitasyz, qúlashtap jýzip, qúmarymyz qanghansha su ishetin ólkede bir tamshy su joq!

Ayagóz degen ayaday búlaq desedi,

Júrttarda qalghan júmbaqty kimder sheshedi?

Ayagóz bolyp ghasyrlar algha kóshedi,

Aya, kóz, aya – Arular eli keshegi, - dep, tebirene jyr tókken Múqaghaly Maqataev ainaday jarqyraghan ózenning býgingi shany shyghyp jatqan keypin kórse, qayter edi? «Ou, aghayyndar, búlaryng ne, Ayagóz qayda, su qayda?», - dep, kýndey kýrkirep súrar ma eken, әlde?..

Áriyne, búl súraqty aldymen myna bizder, osy ónirde tuyp-ósken babalardyng úrpaqtary qoyghanymyz jón bolar. Sonymen, Ayagóz ózenining suy qayda ketti? Ózen ghana emes-au, su boyynda qonystanghan auyldardyng túrghyndary «Qúdyqtardaghy sudyng dengeyi de týsip ketti» dep zar qaghyp otyr.

Múnyng sebebin jergilikti júrt Ayagóz ózenining shyghys betkeyinde, shamamen 20 shaqyrym jerde oryn tepken «Qazaqmys» korporasiyasyna qarasty Aqtoghay tau-ken bayytu kombinatynan kóredi. Biraq, pikirlerin ashyp aitugha jasqanady. Osy rette, jeke qojalyghy bar jylqyshy Núrjan Esenjolov qana Ayagóz ózenining túsynan mal bazasyn túrghyzyp jatqanyn, endi aldaghy uaqyttaghy tirligi ne bolaryn bilmey, daghdaryp otyrghanyn jasyrmady.

- Jalpy, jergilikti halyq ken, mys óndiruge, el ekonomikasyn jaqsartugha eshqanday qarsy emes. Óz basymyzdan bilemiz. «Qazaqmys» kenishi ashylghaly júmys oryndary kóbeydi. Biraz azamattarymyz sonda ornalasty. Auylymyzda stadion salyp berip jatyr. Múnyng bәri dúrys qoy. Biraq, biz tabighattyng tepe-tendigi búzylghanyna qarsymyz. Gýldengen ólkemizding shól dalagha ainaluyna qarsymyz. Óitkeni biz kýnimizdi malmen kórip otyrghan jandarmyz. Ózenning suy qúrysa, tórt týlikpen ghana jan baghyp otyrghan júrt qaytpek? Egis egip, baqsha salyp otyrghan bauyrlarymyzdyng da múny sol. Su joq. Qasqaldaqtyng qanynday ghana tamshylap túrdy. Endi, búl kenshileriniz Qaldar jaqtaghy Aydyng suyna (ózendi aitady – avt.) qol salmasa boldy dep, qorqyp otyrmyz, - dep qynjylys bildirgen Núrjan mashinasymen ózen boyyn aralatyp shyqty.

«Kórmeyin desem, kózim bar...», auyldyng dәl irgesindegi jagha ústatar soraqy kórinisterdi fotogha da, beynetaspagha da týsirip otyrdym. Ózenning kýnshyghys betinde taqtayday tas jol salynypty. Jol boyynda әr jýz metr sayyn bir-birden quatty susorghysh qondyrghy (nasos stansiyalary) ornatylghan. Júmys istep túrghany onshaqty bolsa, janadan qazylyp, ornatylyp jatqandarynda esep joq. Diametri kishi-girim toqty syiyp keterdey qúbyrlardyng bir sheti jerding astyna ketken. Demek, sudy ózenning astynan, terennen sorady degen sóz. Qúrylghynyng janyna baryp kóru esh mýmkin emes, berik toqylghan biyik-biyik sym temirmen qorshap tastalghan. Bayqaghanymyzday, ózen jaghalauyndaghy susorghyshtar kýndiz-týni júmys isteydi, әri ortada qaz-qatar túrghan ýsh-tórt qabatty ýiding ýlkendigindey temir sisternalargha (rezervuarlargha) jinaqtalady. Odan ary tolyqsyghan su «Qazaqmys», qaydasyn?» dep, jerasty qúbyrymen Aqtoghay kenishine jónkiledi. Óndirilgen mysty shangha! Aydalada aidaharday dónkiyip jatqan búl ortalyq qúbyrgha, tipti, toqty týgili kishi-girim taydyng ózi syiyp keteri anyq. Qazirgi uaqytta qúbyrdyng ekinshi jelisi tartylyp jatyr eken.

Bizdi budkadan beynebaqylau arqyly kórip otyrghan engezerdey ýsh kýzetshi aldymyzdan atyp-atyp shyqty. «Ne ghyp jýrsizder?» dep, dýrse qoya bergen bireui Núrjandy tanyp, sәl basyldy. Ýstilerindegi jasyl forma jarasyp-aq túr. Jaraspaytyny – tanymaytyndargha kórsetken óktem minezi. Bәlkim, instruksiya talaby solay shyghar. Beysauat jýrgenderdi tergep-tekseru kýzetshining mindeti bolghan son, olargha artyq sóz de aita almaysyn.

- Jәi, aghamyzgha tabighatty kórsetip jýrmiz, - dep qysqa qayyrghan jolbasshym kóp bógelgen joq. Mashinasyn ot aldyrdy. Jaghdaydy tolyq týsingen siyaqtymyz. Eng bastysy – ózen suynyng qayda ketip jatqanyn anyqtap bildik!

Derekterge sýiensek, әlemdegi eng iri ken oshaqtarynyng birine sanalatyn Aqtoghay kenishindegi jerasty baylyghy (negizinen mys qory) 1 mlrd 719 million tonnany qúraydy eken. Jobamen otyz jylgha jetedi degen boljam bar. Jylyna 100 myng tonnaday mys óndiru josparlanghan. Mamandar bir tonna mys óndiru ýshin 20 jyl búrynghydan eki ese kóp ken shygharu qajettigin aitady. Áriyne, búl ken óndiru barysynda su paydalanu mólsheri de sonshama esege ósedi degen sóz. Qazirgi tanda ónim shiykizat týrinde әketilgenimen, aldaghy uaqytta kenish aumaghynda ken-bayytu kombinaty salynbaq. Oghan da mol su kerek bolady. Endeshe, jaghday búdan da kýrdelene týspek.

Kenish túrghan jer Arghanaty tauynyng kýnbatysyndaghy shólaytty aimaqqa jatatyndyqtan, óndiristi sumen jabdyqtaudyng bir ghana joly bar – manaydaghy ózenderdi barynsha paydalanu. Al, onyng auyr saldaryn, mine, Ayagóz ózenining taghdyrynan kórip otyrmyz. Bolashaqta Ayagózding taghdyry – Balqash kólining ortaq taqsiretinine ainalmasyna kim kepil?

Eskerilmey qalghan taghy bir qater – Aqtoghaydaghy mystyng qúramynda kýkirt qyshqyldary aralas sulifid jәne oksid miyneraldy túzdary óte kóp. Kýkirtting adam densaulyghyna ziyandy ekendiginde kýmәn joq, sol sebepti, kenish alanynda tek sýzgimen (maskamen), qolghappen, rәzinke etikpen jýru talap etiledi. (Úsynylghan kórneki suretti qaranyz. Bir qyzyghy, búl banner kenishten 30 shaqyrym jerdegi Ayagóz ózeni boyynda iluli túr). Yaghni, aua arqyly taralatyn kýkirt zalalynan saqtanu qay jerde bolsa da, artyqtyq etpeydi.

Sonymen, Ayagóz ózeni haqynda júrt kózinen tasalau biraz nәrsege qanyqtyq dep oilaymyn. Sol sebepti, kezinde Qorshaghan ortany qorghau ministrligining jergilikti departamentinde biraz jyl qyzmet istep, tabighat qorghau erejelerinen habardar bolghandyqtan, birneshe saual qoyghandy qúp kórip otyrmyn.

Birinshi. Qazaqstannyng ekologiyalyq zannamalar talaptaryna sәikes, tabighat iygiligin paydalanushy әrbir nysan iyeleri ekologiyalyq normativti rúqsat qújattaryn rәsimdeui tiyis. Kenishti basqaryp otyrghan «KAZ Minerals PLC» kompaniyasy tabighatqa, onyng ishinde auagha, sugha kóp mólsherde keri әserin tiygizetin óndiristik zalaldan qorghaudyng normativtik erejelerin rәsimdedi me? Rәsimdese, oblystaghy eng iri ózenning suy qalaysha tartylyp qalghan? Osy jayynda el aldynda ashyq esep berilui qajet dep sanaymyz.

Ekinshi. Naryqtyq ekonomikanyn, onyng ishinde óndiristing damuy ekojýie men tabighy resurstardy saqtaugha baghyttalghanda ghana halyqqa paydasyn tiygizedi. Búl mәsele tirshilik nәrin ghana emes, memleketting qauipsizdigin saqtaudyng quatty tútqasy ekenin esten shygharmaghanymyz abzal. Óitkeni, sudan taryqqan el maldan airylady, maldan aiyrylsa, bosyp keteri haq. Al, iyesiz qalghan jerge kóz alartatyndar qashanda az bolmaghan. Sondyqtan, «KAZ Minerals PLC» kompaniyasynyng basshylary su qoryn paydalanugha jergilikti túrghyndardyng kelisimin aldy ma eken? – degen saual tuyndaydy.

Ýshinshi. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Ekologiya, geologiya jәne tabighy resurstar ministrligi aimaqtardaghy kәsiporyndardyng su qoryn paydalanudaghy sanitarlyq-ekologiyalyq talaptaryn qanshalyqty oryndaytyndyghynan habardar ma? Habardar bolsa, Ayagóz ózeni Qopa auylynyng túsynan bastap, Balqashqa deyingi aralyqta qúrghap qalghanyn nemen týsindirer eken? Jalpy, Aqtoghay mys kenishi ýshin su paydalanudyng esebi jasalghan ba? Kýnine, aiyna, jylyna qansha mólsherdegi su qajet? Mólsherden artyq alyp otyr ma, joq, kem alyp otyr ma? Su ysyrapshyldyghyn boldyrmau sharalary qanshalyqty dәrejede iske asyrylady?

Tórtinshi. Qazaqta «Sudyng da súrauy bar» degen tәmsil ejelden bar. Qala men daladaghy ýilerde sudyng әr tekshe metrine, sharua qojalyqtarynda surmaly jerding aumaghyna qaray qyruar tólemaqy júmsalatynyn bilemiz. Al, kýndiz-týni Ayagóz ózenining bauyryn júlmalap, tespey soryp jatqan Aqtoghay kenishining iyeleri qanshalyqty qarjy tóleydi? Su tólemining belgili bir tariyfi bar ma? Ekojýieni qaytsek aman saqtap qalamyz?

Mine, osy súraqtardyng jauabyn bizben tildesken qarapayym jandardyng bәri bilgisi keletini oryndy. Kózi ashyq, kókiregi oyau júrttyng býginde habar almasu mýmkindigi de mol. Internetten әlemde ne bolyp jatqanyn qas-qaghymda bilip otyrady. Mysaly, jaqynda 16 jastaghy Greta Tunberg degen shved qyzynyng BÚÚ ótkizgen Niu-Yorktegi sammiytinde sóilegen sózin mening auyldastarym da tyndady. «...Ekojýiening kózi qúryp barady. Al, sizder tek aqsha men ekonomikanyng ósui turaly ertegi ghana aita alasyzdar. Qalay dәtteriniz barady? Jas úrpaq sizderden ýmit kýtedi!» dep, shyryldaghan boyjetkenning janayqayyna qoldau da bildirdi.

IYә, qorshaghan ortany qorghau – býkil adamzattyng basty paryzy. Osy rette, Qazaqstan «Jasyl ekonomika», «Jasyl el» siyaqty ekologiyalyq janghyrtu baghdarlamalaryn qabyldaghan zayyrly memleket retinde әlemge tanylghandyqtan, elimizde ekologiyalyq qúqyq búzushylyqqa eshqashan jol berilmeytinine halyq senedi.

«Búlaq kórsen, kózin ash», «Túmany laylama» dey otyryp, su qadirin altynnan joghary baghalaghan el-júrtymyz Ayagóz ózenining býgingi jay-kýiin jogharydaghy shendilerding nazaryna jetkizudi súraghanda, osy túnyq senimge iyek artqanyn sezindim.

Qayym-Múnar Tabeev,

jurnalist-jazushy, Qazaqstan jazushylar Odaghynyng mýshesi,

Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy

Abai.kz